Viruses , RNA viruses

1. RNA VIRUSES:

2. GROUP MEMBERS
• Hareem Zainab
• Numhra Anwar
• Mariam Khalid

3. WHAT ARE VIRUSES ?
VIRUSES ARE
MICROORGANISM
INFECTIOUS AGENTS
REPLICATES/MULTIPLICATES ONLY IN LIVING CELLS OF THE
OTHERORGANISMS.

4. TYPES OF VIRUSES:
. DNA VIRUSES
. RNA VIRUSES

5. RNA VIRUSES:
RNA viruses are those viruses
1. Having RNA AS GENETIC MATERIAL
2. RNA MAY BE
• SINGLE STRANDED
• DOUBLE STRANDED
3. Size range from (2300 – 31000)nt in length.

6. CLASSIFICATION OF RNA VIRUSES:
 ACCORDING TO BALTIMORE CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM
VIRUSES ARE PLACED INTO SEVEN GROUPS ACCORDING
TO THEIR MODE OF REPLICATION AND GENOMIC TYPE.
 OUT OF SEVEN FOUR GROUPS ARE OF RNA VIRUSES.

8. • GROUP III DS RNA (DOUBLE STRANDED RNA):
WIDELY RANGE HOST CELLS.
• GROUP IV+ SS RNA(POSITIVE SENSE SINGLE STRANDED RNA):
SIMILAR TO MESSENGER RNA.
• GROUP V- SS RNA (NEGATIVE SENSE SINGLE STRANDED RNA):
COMPLIMENTARY TO MESSENGER RNA .
• GOUP VI REVERSE TRANSCRIBING DIPLOID SS RNA :
REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE ENZYME IS PRESENT.

9. EXAMPLES OF ALL GROUPS OF RNA
VIRUSES:
• GROUP III : ROTAVIRUS
• GROUP IV: PICORNAVIRUSES, HEPATITIS A & C VIRUS
• GROUP V : INFLUENZA VIRUS , MEASLES
• GROUP VI: HIV

10. STRUCTURES OF RNA VIRUSES:
We discuss the following two in this
INFLUENZA
HIV

12. HIV STRUCTURE:

13. REPLICATION / MULTIPLICATION
VIRUSES ATTACK THE CELL IN FOLLOWING STEPS:
 BINDING
 ENDOCYTOSIS
 FUSION
 REPLICATION
 PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
 ASSEMBLY
 BUDDING
 RELEASE

14. REPLICATION OF INFLUENZA:

15. REPLICATION OF HIV

16. CELLS ON WHICH RNA VIRUSES ATTACK
 INFLUENZAVIRUS ATTACK EPITHELIAL CELLS OF NOSE, THROAT AND RESPIRATORY
SYSTEM.
 HEPATITIS C VIRUS ATTACK LIVER CELLS.
 POLIO VIRUS ATTACK NERVE CELLS OF THE BRAIN STEM.
 ROTAVIRUS ATTACK EPITELIAL CELLS OF VILLI
 HIV ATTACK T LYMPHOCYTES.

17. PRECAUTIONS FOR VIRAL DIEASES:
• WASH HAND PROPERLY WITH SAOP.
• VACCINATION .
• DO NOT USE SYRINGS AND NEEDLES WHICH HAVE ALREADY BEING USED.
• PROPER SANITATION SYSTEM.
• DO NOT USE TOOTHBRUSHES , TOWELS AND BLADES OF OTHERS.
• ALWAYS DRINK PURE AND CLEAN WATER.
• DRINK LEMON WATER EVERY DAY .
AND ETC.

19. THANK YOU

20. ANY QUESTIONS????