surgical unit 2 gmmmc hospital sukkur

1. IV CANNULATION

2. WHAT IS CANNULA?
•A cannula is a flexible tube that can be inserted into
the body. For medical use, there are 11 different
types of cannula. The most commonly used are the
intravenous and the nasal cannula.

3. TYPES OF CANNULA

4. Pen-like model

5. With wings model

6. With injection part model

7. Y-type model

8. INDICATION OF CANNULATION
• Repeated blood sampling
• Intravenous fluid administration
• Intravenous medications administration
• Intravenous chemotherapy administration
• Intravenous nutritional support
• Intravenous blood or blood products administration
• Intravenous administration of radiological contrast agents for
computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, or nuclear
imaging

9. PROCEDURE
• Introduce your self to patient.
• Explain the procedure.
• Approach with a confident, calm, caring attitude

10. • Collect your equipment.

11. • wash hand.

12. • Selecting a vein
Veins of the Forearm
1. Cephalic vein
2. Median Cubital vein
3. Accessory Cephalic vein
4. Basilic vein
5. Cephalic vein
6. Median antebrachial vein

13. CONT..
Veins of the Hand
1. Digital Dorsal veins
2. Dorsal Metacarpal veins
3. Dorsal venous network
4. Cephalic vein
5. Basilic vein

14. Cannulation of lower extremity
Cannulation of the veins of the feet is not ideal.
Insertion can be quite painful, and the catheter may cause more discomfort
than if it were started in the hand or forearm.
Additionally, IV catheters placed in the feet are more likely to become
infected, to not flow properly, and are more likely to produce phlebitis

15. Cannulation in neonates
In neonates, vascular access can be obtained via the umbilical vein,
although this has been associated with portal vein thrombosis.

16. Cannulation in infants
In infants, scalp veins are often amenable
to cannulation, and central catheters can
also be inserted by this route.

17. Intraosseus cannulation
Intraosseous infusions have also been used for fluid administration in
haemodynamically compromised children, although care must be
taken with needle placement in order to avoid injury to epiphyseal
growth plates

19. THE SITES SHOULD BE AVOIDED
1. Wrist
2. Legs, feet, ankles
3. Veins below a previous IV infiltration
4. Vein below a phlebitic area
5. Sclerosed or thrombosed veins
6. Areas of skin inflammation
7. An arm affected by a radial mastectomy, edema, blood clot, or
infection.
8. An arm with an arteriovenous shunt of fistula

20. • Apply tourniquet. • Clean area with
alcohol s

21. • Remove needle cover

22. • Insert the needle bevel up ward at about 30ᶜ̊ &
advance the rest of cannula into the vien

23. • Release the tourniquet & apply
pressure at the tip of cannula &
remove the needle .

24. • Apply the plaster to fix it on the place

25. COMPLICATION OF
CANNULATION
1-local complication:
-Infiltration.
-Extravasation.
-Thrombosis.
-Cellulitis.
-Phlebitis.
2-systmic complication:
-Embolism.
*pulmonary embolism
*air embolism
*catheter embolism.
-Hematoma.
-Systemic infection.
-Speed shock.
-Circulatory overload.
-Allergic reaction.

26. Local complication
1- Infiltration:

27. Local complication
2-Extravasation:

28. Local complication
3-Thrombosis:
Occurs when blood flow through a vein is
obstructed by a local thrombus

29. Local complication
4-Cellulities:

30. Local complication
5-Phlibitis: inflammation of vein.
Remove cannula and apply warm compresses

31. Thank You