The document discusses various methods that prisons use to prevent contraband from being smuggled in. It describes how contraband such as weapons, drugs, cell phones, and tobacco are regularly brought into prisons through visitors, staff, and even drones dropping packages over perimeter fences. Prisons have implemented various security measures like full body scanners, metal detectors, netting around perimeters, and cell phone detection devices to intercept contraband. New scanning technologies can detect contraband concealed on a person or hidden inside body cavities without physical contact. Prisons are continually adopting new technologies to combat the ongoing problem of smuggled contraband.

1. 8 TEACHING YOUNG CHILDREN VOL 5 NO 2
g o o d g u i d a n c e
At the beginning of each year, I
(Sharma) introduce the role of Problem
Solver and provide the tools children
need to get started. Five laminated solu-
tion cards, each with a different message,
are held together with a ring. Each card
has words and a picture, and I explain
what to say when using it (see quotes
next to cards). Through class meetings,
role-playing, and interactive modeling,
the children learn how to use the cards.
Peer problem solving in action
When children solve prob-
lems for each other, the
process can look much
different from a teacher
solving problems for
them. The teacher might
offer one solution and ex-
pect the children to accept
it. At times the Problem
Solver may suggest a solu-
tion that is unacceptable.
When this happens, the
Problem Solver refers back
to the cards and fi nds a new

2. solution that the children in
the situation agree to.
At the sand table in a classroom
of 3- and 4-year-olds, Samantha hits
Miguel on the head with a small plastic
shovel. Mr. Nguyen comes over to see
what is going on. Samantha collapses
on the fl oor and refuses to get up, talk,
or even lift her head off the fl oor. Mr.
Nguyen asks Eddie, who is the Prob-
lem Solver, to come over and help. He
prompts Eddie to start by asking the
children, “What happened?”
Miguel: She hit me!
The Problem Solver Job
Peer-Mediated Confl ict Resolution
Many preschool teachers establish a positive learning
environment by
including children in setting a few simple classroom rules,
modeling appropriate
behavior, and reinforcing positive behavior. Despite these
efforts, day-to-day
confl icts between children still occur and are usually resolved
by teachers. As a
result, children tend to look to the teacher when they can’t
settle disagreements.
Appointing a Problem Solver for the day is a child-centered and

3. child-directed
method of resolving confl icts with long-term benefi ts for all
the children.
Sharma Whitchurch and Jackie Sprague
Peer problem solving in action
When children solve prob-
pect the children to accept
Solver may suggest a solu-
Problem Solver refers back
to the cards and fi nds a new
solution that the children in
If you ne
ed a brea
k, go to t
he
If you ne
ed a brea
k, go to t
he
We
are all friends.
Peace Pl
ace.

4. If you need
some time
away from the
rest of the
class, go to the
Peace Place.
Remember, we
are all friends.
Use gentle
touches and
friendly words.
Samantha [from fl oor ]: He took my
dump truck!
Mr. Nguyen: Eddie, can you fi nd a solu-
tion to both problems?
Eddie takes out the Problem Solver
cards and fl ips through them. Saman-
tha gets up so she can see the cards.
Eddie chooses the Peace Place card
and shows it to Samantha.
Samantha: I don’t want to go to the
Peace Place!
Eddie makes another choice, the
“We are all friends” card. He shows it
to Samantha.
Eddie: No hitting. Use gentle touches.
Eddie then chooses the “Set the
timer” card and shows it to Miguel.

5. Eddie [to Mr. Nguyen]: We need the
timer, please.
Mr. Nguyen [with the timer]: You may
each have two-minute turns with the
dump truck. Miguel, when the timer
rings, it will be Samantha’s turn. Eddie,
what else can you do to help?
TYC V5N2 01-15.indd 8 11/14/2011 11:53:24 AM
FOR THE PRESCHOOL PROFESSIONAL NAEYC.ORG/TYC 9
g o o d g u i d a n c e
Eddie picks the “Give a hug” card
and shows it to both children.
Miguel: I want a hug!
Samantha: I don’t need a hug.
Eddie hugs Miguel and
Miguel smiles. Mr. Nguyen
asks Eddie, “Do you think
Samantha and Miguel are
ready to continue playing?”
He says yes. Mr. Nguyen
checks with Samantha and
Miguel, and they say they
are ready to play. Both
children resume playing at

6. the sand table.
Benefi ts for all
The Problem Solver job is assigned
to a different child each day. It helps
children build skills needed for social-
emotional development. Peer-mediated
problem solving also has a long-term
positive effect on the classroom envi-
ronment.
At fi rst, the job is new and excit-
ing. The Problem Solver stays busy
throughout much of the day. By the
end of the year, a disappointed
Problem Solver might say, “There
were no problems today! I had
nothing to do!” This may be a
letdown for the Problem Solver,
but it is a positive outcome for our
learning community.
One third of the children in my
classroom have special needs. Some
have delays in physical, language,
cognitive, or social-emotional devel-
SUPPORTING DUAL
LANGUAGE LEARNERS
using visual cue cards for the
Problem solver job is a great way to
make it work for children with differ-
ent languages and abilities. Be sure
everyone understands the process by

7. role-playing and demonstrating with
individuals or small groups. in the
beginning, Problem solver could be a
buddy job, so dual language learners
can practice with a partner until every-
one is ready to try it on their own.
Teachers can make their own Problem Solver
cards or print
Solution
Cue Cards and Solu-
tion Kit Cue Cards at http://csefel.vanderbilt.
edu/resources/strategies.html#tools.
opment, and some are on the autism
spectrum. Children who have delays in
social-emotional development tend to
need more support being the Problem
Solver, but I respond to any child who
needs help carrying out the steps in the
problem-solving process.
If the Problem Solver is unable to
resolve a confl ict, or if the confl ict esca-
lates, I immediately take the lead role.

8. Even when my assistance is necessary,
children learn through observation and
modeling.
My attitude toward problems
has changed since I added the
Problem Solver job to my class-
room. Years ago when I heard
two children arguing over a toy,
I would think, “Oh great, here
we go again!” Now I think,
“Oh great, a chance for us to
help each other!” Changing
the problem-solving role from
adult-led to child-led has cre-
ated a classroom where there
are fewer problems, problems
are resolved more quickly, and
there is less stress for everyone.
We
are all friends.
I don’t need a hug.

9. The Problem Solver job is assigned
Give
a hug.
Set
the
timer.
Set
Ask
someone to
STOP
Give a hug to
apologize for
what happened
or to let a friend
know you care.
Set the timer to
take turns using
materials and

10. visiting learning
centers.
Ask someone
to stop if he
or she is being
too rough with
classroom
materials.
Samantha [from fl oor ]: He took my
dump truck!
Mr. Nguyen: Eddie, can you fi nd a solu-
tion to both problems?
Eddie takes out the Problem Solver
cards and fl ips through them. Saman-
tha gets up so she can see the cards.
Eddie chooses the Peace Place card
and shows it to Samantha.
Samantha: I don’t want to go to the
Peace Place!

11. Eddie makes another choice, the
“We are all friends” card. He shows it
to Samantha.
Eddie: No hitting. Use gentle touches.
Eddie then chooses the “Set the
timer” card and shows it to Miguel.
Eddie [to Mr. Nguyen]: We need the
timer, please.
Mr. Nguyen [with the timer]: You may
each have two-minute turns with the
dump truck. Miguel, when the timer
rings, it will be Samantha’s turn. Eddie,
what else can you do to help?
TYC V5N2 01-15.indd 9 11/14/2011 11:53:26 AM
_____________________________________________________

12. __________
_____________________________________________________
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Report Information from ProQuest
December 26 2014 17:50
_____________________________________________________
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COLUMBIA SOUTHERN UNIVERSITY LIBRARY
Document 1 of 1
Containing Contraband
Author: Grohs, Michael
ProQuest document link
Abstract: [...]John Scarperia, owner of New Jersey-based
TexNet, states that facilities are taking notice of the
increased use of netting and more are inquiring about netting
placed either around the entire facility or focusing
on certain prone areas, such as those near woods. [...]metal is of
particular concern.
Full text: Headnote
How these security tools such as full body scanners, cell phone

13. sensors, walk-through scanners, and even
netting, thwart smuggled imports.
In prison, contraband can mean life or death. Weapons can be
used for assaults or suicides, illicit drugs can
lead to overdoses and a dangerous black market, and cell phones
can be used to intimidate witnesses, plan
escapes, plot crimes and, of course, be used to import more
contraband. Cell phones are only a part of the
problem, too.
Dana Simas, spokesperson at the California Department of
Corrections and Rehabilitation points out that all
contraband is a problem, and that it is mainly created by the tie
between street and prison gangs. It enters the
facility in an infinite number of ways. Low-level offenders who
can work might pick up a drop, even around a
secure perimeter. In fact, John Scarperia, owner of New Jersey-
based TexNet, states that facilities are taking
notice of the increased use of netting and more are inquiring
about netting placed either around the entire
facility or focusing on certain prone areas, such as those near
woods. Due to issues, Mississippi Department of
Corrections (MDOC) has had to install a mile of 40-foot-high
netting at vulnerable spots at the Central
Mississippi Correctional Facility.
It's long been known too that contraband is imported by staff

14. and visitors. Simas furthers that multiple people
are arrested each weekend for introducing contraband into a
facility. Tobacco, drugs, weapons and cell phones
all make their way into prisons on a regular basis. She notes
that with 65,000 employees who have contact with
inmates, there are bound to be a few bad apples. (In a stunning
saga worthy of its own HBO series, as of
November 2013, 27 correctional officers at the Baltimore City
Detention Center have been indicted on federal
racketeering and conspiracy charges. Federal investigators
believe that at least half of the officers at the facility
helped inmates smuggle contraband into the center.)
In less than a decade, cell phone seizures have exploded,
becoming one of the biggest problems corrections
officials face. According to the CDCR, in 2007 there were 1,400
seizures. In 2013 there were 12,151. In the first
three months of 2014 alone, 2,809 cell phones have been seized
in California correctional facilities and
conservation camps. In 2011, Governor Brown signed into law a
bill (SB 26) that makes cell phone smuggling
into correctional facilities a misdemeanor punishable by six
months in jail and a $5,000 fine for each device.
One device called Cellsense, manufactured by Metrasens, a
U.K.- and U.S.-based organization founded by
three Ph.D level scientists with backgrounds dedicated

15. completely to detection, can detect phones whether they
are turned on or off, whether they are whole or in pieces, and
even if they are hidden in a human body cavity. It
can detect 40 inmates per minute as they walk at a regular pace,
and it can be hidden behind a wall so the
inmates will not know they are being searched. It can also
detect other items of interest to officers such as
weapons, tattoo guns, lighters and other forms of potential
weapons. In one instance, upon adoption of the use
of Cellsense in North Carolina, the devices found 60 phones on
the very first search.
Clearly, though, the war on cell phones in prisons is similar to
the war on drugs. There is no way to completely
stop the tide, so the CDCR is fighting technology with
technology. Employees from the CDCR, the Federal
Communications Commission (FCC) and the California
Technology Agency traveled to a facility in Mississippi
http://search.proquest.com/docview/1540356728?accountid=333
37
that had implemented a Managed Access System to test the
potential for establishing a similar one in California
facilities. (In Mississippi, 26,000 text messages were

16. intercepted in the first few days.) With this technology,
says Simas, employees can open an umbrella of coverage around
a certain area to block all calls, Internet use,
text messaging, etc. The technology, according to the CDCR,
"utilizes the International Mobile Equipment
Identity (IMEI), cellular phone number, mobile device hardware
ID, and electronic serial number (ESN) to
accomplish these functions." It is currently being installed in
the 16th prison in the state, and the CDCR expects
it to be in use in all facilities by sometime in 2014.
The technology differs from cell phone jamming, which the
CDCR's website stresses is not the solution to
inmate cell phone use. For one, Managed Access has FCC
approval and cell phone jamming does not.
Jamming, in fact, is illegal under federal law. (The
Communications Act does not allow the use of jamming
devices by non-federal entities, and the FCC cannot waive this
provision without an act of Congress.) There is
also the matter of jamming technology interfering with 911 and
public safety communications. The contract,
which was awarded to Global Tel*Link in 2012 was
implemented at no charge to taxpayers.
Ostensibly Innocuous
When it comes to contraband, nothing is as it seems. Scarperia
recalls an incident in which a green soccer ball

17. appeared on a field where only black and white balls were used.
The green ball was filled with a cell phone,
marijuana and tobacco. Simple devices that seem innocuous can
be turned into dangerous weapons, which in
turn can lead to a huge liability for the facility. Naturally metal
is of particular concern. Presumably all, or at least
the majority, of facilities require visitors and incoming inmates
to pass through a metal detector, but that might
not be enough. Strip searches, a longtime Constitutional debate,
are being revolutionized. Devices such as the
BOSS (Body Orifice Security Scanner) can detect metal
concealed inside five primary detection zones in the
human body.
When the contraband is not metal, other methods of revealing it,
such as Smiths Detection's BScan, are
available. In April 2014, the CDCR adopted the use of
Electronic Drug Detection Equipment (ion scanners), a
noninvasive measure that can test for a range of narcotics and
detect the presence on hands, clothing, mail and
other items within seconds. Those controversial full body
scanners (FBS) once used in airports are now being
used in some correctional facilities. Collier County, Florida,
adopted the use of one in 2011 as well as several
facilities in Michigan. (According to the TSA, there are two
types of FBSs, and airports are generally using the

18. ones leaving the most privacy to passengers, thus leaving the
more invasive scanners-the ones most desirable
for correctional use-up for sale.) While the $160,000 price tag
may be of concern, Dar Leaf, the Barry County
Sherriff says that they were able to acquire one for $7,500 after
help from the county's insurance provider.
Livingston County, N.Y., has five. All five were purchased for
$15,000 because of a Federal Surplus Program.
Contraband Busters
Concealed screener
Cellsense is the highly portable and efficient detector of all cell
phones, even those switched off or concealed in
a body cavity. Faster than a hand wand, Cellsense screens up to
40 inmates per minute in a single walk-by.
Cellsense also detects other contraband such as knives, blades,
and lighters.
www.cellsensegroup.com, 630.541.6509, [email protected]
In a heartbeat
MicroSearch is a one-of-a-kind security inspection system that
offers fast, accurate, and costeffective human
presence detection for vehicles entering or exiting a
correctional facility or secure area. It detects unauthorized
individuals hiding in vehicles or containers by sensing the
vibrations caused by the human heartbeat,
eliminating the timeconsuming and expensive task of unloading

19. and inspecting the entire vehicle or container.
www.ensco.com/microsearch, 1.800.ENSCOVA,
[email protected]
X-ray inspection system
The Autoclear 6040 X-ray system is ideal for screening personal
items, mail and cell mattresses for weapons,
narcotics and other contraband. High resolution imaging and
advanced image enhancement features let you
quickly locate SIM cards, handcuff keys, blades and more. Its
small footprint easily fits in tight spaces or through
standard doorways for mobile screening applications within
your facility.
www.a-clear.com, 973.276.6000, [email protected]
Multi-target detector
The Garrett PD-6500Í walkthrough metal detector includes more
than 20 application programs, including
specialized weapons detection programs for prisons designed to
detect all metals. The PD-6500Í provides
uniform detection while accurately pinpointing multiple target
locations from head to toe on the left, center, and
right sides of the body.
www.garrett.com, 1.800.234.6151, [email protected]

20. Infrared full-body scanner
The Iscon 1000D Portal provides quick full-body scans ideal for
the diverse requirements of correction facilities.
Iscon's patented infrared technology produces visual images of
all types of concealed contraband (plastics,
metals, powders, wood, ceramics, liquids, capsules etc.). This
automated system is radiation-free, so prisoners,
visitors, and personnel are safe from harmful rays.
www.isconimaging.com, [email protected] or [email protected]
Mini infrared scanner
The Iscon Mini Portal is a semi-automated body scanner that
uses patented infrared tech- nology to make
concealed objects visible. This compact, flexible and radiation-
free system can scan a whole body or
concentrate on specific suspicious areas. Mini Portal allows
quick and easy identification of all types of
concealed objects (plastics, metals, powders, wood, ceramics,
liquids, capsules etc.).
www.isconimaging.com, [email protected] or [email protected]
Body orifice metal scanner
Ranger Security's B.O.S.S. (Body Orifice Security Scanner) is
used in some of the toughest jails and prisons in
the country to detect all conductive metal contraband hidden in
body cavities. Ranger collaborated with
correctional facilities to meet and exceed the demands those

21. facilities require. The procedure is non-intrusive,
fast, safe, sanitary and can scan the five primary detection
zones.
www.rangersecurity.com, 915.590.4441, [email protected]
rangersecurity.com
IDs knives, guns and makeshift weapons
The Hl-SCAN 6040-2is is the latest advanced dual-view X-ray
inspection system from Smiths Detection for
personal belongings, such as bags or shoes. Its compact
footprint and various options for configuration ensure
reliable, efficient throughput in any checkpoint setting. The
modern, ergonomic design provides an easy-to-use
interface, making it easier for the operator to identify threats
and dangerous or illegal objects on screen such as
knives, guns or other makeshift weapons. It features steel
penetration of 35mm, and is available in standard
and high resolution.
Concealed contraband locator
The B-SCAN transmission Xray people screening system locates
threats and contraband concealed in body
cavities, artificial limbs and on a person. Smiths Detection's B-
SCAN uses fixed X-ray components for an easily
maintained, reliable mechanical construction with a low cost of
ownership. Smiths Detection currently has more
than 200 B-SCAN systems deployed around the world in a

22. variety of applications such as prisons, airports,
precious gem mines, and customs checkpoints.
www.smithsdetection.com, 203.207.9700, [email protected]
Netting Contraband
TexNet, Inc. is a New Jerseybased manufacturer of industrial
fabric. Too often contraband is thrown over a
fence-both incoming and outgoing. TexNet manufactures nets to
prevent this from happening. The nets stretch
40 feet above grade and contain a trough into which the
contraband will fall so it cannot be retrieved. The mesh
has a VA" opening so as not to be too intensive on engineering
aspects such as pole weight and wind loads.
Their installation crews work across the country to install the
cost effective security nets.
www.catchallnet.com, 1.800.541.1123, [email protected]
Sidebar
IN SOME COUNTRIES THEY'VE BEEN USING CATS TO
GET CELL PHONES INTO PRISONS. IN THE U.S.
THEY USE DOGS TO GET THEM OUT.
AuthorAffiliation
BY MICHAEL CROHS, CONTRIBUTING EDITOR
Subject: Automation; Prisoners; Scanners; Prisons;

23. Enforcement;
Location: California, Mississippi
Publication title: Corrections Forum
Volume: 23
Issue: 3
Pages: 12-15,49
Number of pages: 5
Publication year: 2014
Publication date: May/Jun 2014
Year: 2014
Publisher: Criminal Justice Media, Inc.
Place of publication: Hicksville
Country of publication: United States
Publication subject: Criminology And Law Enforcement
ISSN: 10729275
Source type: Trade Journals
Language of publication: English
Document type: Feature
Document feature: Photographs
ProQuest document ID: 1540356728
Document URL:
http://search.proquest.com/docview/1540356728?accountid=333
37
Copyright: Copyright Criminal Justice Media, Inc. May/Jun
2014

24. Last updated: 2014-08-18
Database: ProQuest Criminal Justice
http://search.proquest.com/docview/1540356728?accountid=333
37
Bibliography
Citation style: APA 6th - American Psychological Association,
6th Edition
Grohs, M. (2014). Containing contraband. Corrections Forum,
23(3), 12-15,49. Retrieved from
http://search.proquest.com/docview/1540356728?accountid=333
37
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