MCRB, together with Peace Nexus, International Alert and MCRB’s partner, Myanmar Business Coalition on Aid (MBCA), held a training workshop on responsible business on July 27-28 in Myawadi. Read more: http://www.myanmar-responsiblebusiness.org/news/responsible-business-training-mandalay-and-myawadi.html

1. What is Responsible Business?
တာ၀န္ယူမႈရွိေသာ စီးပြားေရးဆိုတာဘာလဲ။
Vicky Bowman, Director
Myanmar Centre for Responsible Business
ျမန္မာ့စီးပြားေရးက႑ တာ၀န္ယူမႈရွိေရး အေထာက္အကူျပဳဌာန (MCRB)
www.myanmar-responsiblebusiness.org
အမွတ္ ၁၅၊ ရွမ္းရိပ္သာလမ္း
(ဆာကူရာ ေဆးရံုအနီး)
စမ္းေခ်ာင္းၿမိဳ႔နယ္၊ ရန္ကုန္ၿမိဳ႕
ဖုန္း / ဖက္(စ္) ၀၁ ၅၁၀၀၆၉

2. Current core funders:
UK DFID
DANIDA
Norway
Switzerland
Netherlands
Ireland
Founders:
MCRB Objective
To provide an effective and legitimate platform for
the creation of knowledge, capacity and dialogue
concerning responsible business in Myanmar,
based on local needs and international
standards, that results in more responsible
business and thereby contributes to sustained,
inclusive and sustainable economic growth.
MCRB defines ‘responsible business’ as
‘business activities that work for the long-
term interests of Myanmar and all its
people’.
www.myanmar-responsiblebusiness.org
15 Shan Yeiktha Street, Sanchaung, Yangon
Tel/Fax: 01 510069

3.  MCRB defines ‘responsible business’ as ‘business activities that work
for the long-term interests of Myanmar and all its people’.
 MCRB ၏အဓိပၸါယ္ဖြင့္ဆိုခ်က္ “ျမန္မာျပည္သူျပည္သားမ်ား၏
ေရရွည္အက်ိဳးစီးပြားမ်ား အတြက္ ေဆာင္ရြက္ေသာစီးပြားေရးလုပ္ငန္းမ်ား”
 There is no single international definition of ‘a responsible business’
or responsible company.
 “တာ၀န္ယူမႈရွိေသာ စီးပြားေရးလုပ္ငန္း” (သို႔) ကုမၸဏီဆိုသည္ကို သီးသန္႔
အဓိပၸါယ္ ဖြင့္ဆို ထားျခင္းမရွိ
 Being a responsible business helps a company to attract/retain
employees, and gain a ‘social licence to operate
 လူထု သေဘာတူ ၾကည္ျဖဴခြင့္ျပဳမႈ

4. ဥပေဒကိုေလးစား
လိုက္နာျခင္း
Social/community
investment or contribution
လူမႈေရးလုပ္ငန္းမ်ားအတြက္ရင္း
ႏွီးျမဳပ္ႏွံမႈမ်ားလုပ္ျခင္း
Philanthropy
ပရဟိတမ်ားလုပ္ေဆာင္ျခင္း
Sponsorship
ေငြေၾကးမ်ားေထာက္ပံ့ေပးျခင္း
Disaster relief
သဘာဝေဘးအႏၱရာယ္ဆိုင္ရာ
လုပ္ေဆာင္ခ်က္မ်ား
Responsible Business Conduct
တာဝန္ယူမႈရိွေသာစီးပြားေရးလုပ္
ငန္း၏လုပ္ေဆာင္ရမည္႔လုပ္ငန္
န္းမ်ား
Social Performance
လူမႈ႔ေရးဆိုင္ရာေဆာင္ရြက္ခ်
်က္မ်ား
Sustainability
ေရရွည္တည္တံ့ခုိင္ၿမဲ
ျခင္း
Creating Shared Value
အက်ိဳးအျမတ္ခြဲေဝအသံုုးခ်ျခင္း
Myanmar Centre for Responsible Business
focusses on these elements:
Compliance i.e.
obeying the law
Which bit of this is ‘CSR’ (Corporate Social Responsibility)?

5.  Respects human rights လူ႔အခြင့္အေရးမ်ားကိုေလးစား
 Respects its employees ၎၏အလုပ္သမားမ်ားကိုေလးစား
 Respects the environment သဘာ၀ပါတ္၀န္းက်င္ကိုေလးစား
 Treats other businesses responsibly အျခားစီးပြားေရးမ်ားကို
တာ၀န္ယူမႈ၊ တာ၀န္သိမႈျဖင့္ဆက္ဆံ
 Treats its customers responsibly ၎၏ Customer
(ေစ်း၀ယ္သူ ေဖာက္သည္)မ်ားကို တာ၀န္ယူမႈ၊ တာ၀န္သိမႈျဖင့္
ဆက္ဆံ

6.  Obeys the law ဥပေဒကိုေလးစားလိုက္နာ
 Doesn’t pay bribes or tea money လာဘ္ေပးလာဘ္ယူ (သို႔)
လက္ဖက္ရည္ဖိုးေပးတာမ်ိဳးမလုပ္
 Pays its taxes အခြန္ေဆာင္
 Responds to and engages with stakeholders
သက္ဆိုင္သူမ်ားႏွင့္ ခ်ိတ္ဆက္ေဆာင္ရြက္မႈ
 Transparent ပြင့္လင္းျမင္သာမႈရွိ

7.  100 large Myanmar companies chosen based on 2013/4
top taxpayers lists as a proxy for size
 Websites reviewed for content on:
Anti-corruption programmes
Organisational transparency
Human Rights and HSE, including grievance
mechanisms
 Civil society organisation/public input sought and recent
media reports scanned

8. 2015 rankings

9.  Inviting medium-sized enterprises to
volunteer to have their website: Mini
Pwint Thit Sa
 benchmarked against the 35 questions.
 3rd Pwint Thit Sa report – late Aug
2016
 MCRB holding workshops with
companies to help them improve their
governance:
 Anti-corruption programmes
(16 March 2016)
 Human rights policies (Sept 16
tbc)
 Grievance mechanisms (Oct
tbc)
 Training materials from previous
workshops on our website

10. Rank Country/Territory 2015 Score 2014 Score 2013 Score 2012 Score
146 Congo Republic 23 23 22 26
147 Chad 22 22 19 19
147 Democratic Republic
of Congo
22 22 22 21
147 Myanmar 22 21 21 15
150 Burundi 21 20 21 19
150 Cambodia 21 21 20 22
150 Zimbabwe 21 21 21 20
2015 Transparency International Corruption Perceptions Index
Myanmar ranks 147 out of 168 countries in terms of how corrupt the public sector is
seen to be. Scores are on a scale of 0 (highly corrupt) to 100 (very clean).
Source: http://www.transparency.org/research/cpi

11. Indicator Myanmar E.Asia/
Pacific
All
Countries
Bribery incidence (percent of firms experiencing at least one bribe
payment request)
42.9 38.9 17.2
Bribery depth (% of public transactions where a gift or informal
payment was requested)
35.4 31.2 13.4
Percent of firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials 37.1 29.8 12.6
Percent of firms expected to give gifts to secure government
contract
32.5 32.5 26.1
Value of gift expected to secure a government contract (% of
contract value)
1.0 1.2 1.5
Percent of firms expected to give gifts to get an operating license 38.9 39.1 14.8
Percent of firms expected to give gifts to get an import license 53.5 41.6 13.9
Percent of firms expected to give gifts to get a construction permit 46.5 48.9 22.3
Percent of firms expected to give gifts to get an electrical
connection
55.8 35.6 16.5
Percent of firms expected to give gifts to get a water connection 30.1 32.4 16.3
Percent of firms expected to give gifts to public officials "to get
things done"
26.8 32.0 18.0
Percent of firms identifying corruption as a major constraint 9.3 18.3 33
Percent of firms identifying the courts system as a major constraint 9.2 7.7 14.9
2014 World Bank Enterprise Survey (Corruption Indicators)
Source: www.enterprisesurveys.org/data/exploreeconomies/2014/myanmar

12. More companies identified corruption as a “very severe obstacle” than any other
constraint (2014 UNESCAP Business Survey).
The percentage of companies who see the constraint as a very severe obstacle
OECD-UNESCAP-UMFCCI-Asia Foundation
Business Survey 2014

13. Pricing Corruption (UNESCAP Survey)
The 2014 UNESCAP Business Survey asked Myanmar companies about their
encounters with bribery:
Source: OECD-UNESCAP-UMFCCI Business Survey 2014

15. Right to a fair trial တရားမွ်တေသာ ဥပေဒရဲ့ အကူအညီကိုရရွိပိုင္ခြင့္
Right to adequate health လံုေလာက္ေသာ က်န္းမာေရးေစာင့္ေရွာက္မႈ ခံယူပိုင္ခြင့္
Right to adequate food လံုေလာက္ေသာ အစားအစာရရွိမႈ
Right to adequate housing လံုေလာက္ေသာ အိမ္ရာေနထိုင္မႈ
Right to adequate standard of living လံုေလာက္ေသာ လူေနမႈအဆင့္အတန္း
Right to education ပညာေရး
Right to family life မိသားစုဘ၀
Right to freedom from discrimination ခြဲျခားဆက္ဆံေရးမႈမ်ားမွ လြတ္ေျမာက္ျခင္း
Right to freedom from forced labour and servitude
မတရားခိုင္းေစခံရမႈႏွင့္ ကၽြန္ျပဳခံရျခင္းတို႔မွ လြတ္ေျမာက္
ျခင္း
Right to freedom from torture, or degrading treatment
or punishment
ညွင္းပန္းႏွိပ္စက္မႈ (သို႔) ႏွိမ္ခ်ဆက္ဆံခံရမႈ (သို႔) အျပစ္
ဒဏ္ေပးခံရမႈ
Right to freedom of assembly and collective bargaining လြတ္လပ္စြာစုေ၀းခြင့္၊ အသင္းအဖြဲ့မ်ားဖြဲ႔စည္းခြင့္
Right to freedom of movement လြတ္လပ္စြာသြားလာႏိုင္မႈ
Right to freedom of opinion, expression, thought,
and religion
လြတ္လပ္စြာ ေတြးေခၚႏိုင္ခြင့္၊ ေဖာ္ျပႏိုင္ခြင့္၊ ကိုးကြယ္ႏိုင္
ခြင့္
Right to intellectual property ဥာဏဆိုင္ရာပစၥည္းမူပိုင္ခြင့္
Right to life, liberty and security of person အသက္ရွင္ရပ္တည္ခြင့္၊ လြတ္လပ္ခြင့္ႏွင့္ လံုျခံဳမႈရွိခြင့္
Right to own property ပစၥည္း၊ ဥစၥာပိုင္ဆိုင္ခြင့္
Right to participation in cultural life
ယဥ္ေက်းမႈ၊ ရိုးရာဓေလံႏွင့္ဆိုင္ေသာ အေလ့အထမ်ား
တြင္ပါ၀င္ခြင့္ရွိမႈ
Right to take part in government အစိုးရလုပ္ငန္းမ်ားတြင္ ပါ၀င္ႏိုင္ခြင့္
Right to work and to just and favourable conditions at
work
အလုပ္လုပ္ပိုင္ခြင့္ႏွင့္ သင့္တင့္ေလွ်ာက္ပတ္ေကာင္းမြန္
ေသာ လုပ္ငန္းခြင့္ (လံုျခံဳေရးႏွင့္က်န္းမာေရး)

16. 1. State duty to protect ႏိုင္ငံေတာ္၏ ကာကြယ္ရန္တာ၀န္
2. Corporate responsibility to respect
စီးပြားေရးလုပ္ငန္းၾကီးမ်ား၏ေလးစားလိုက္နာရန္တာ၀န
◦ Act with due diligence to avoid infringement
◦ ထိခိုက္နစ္နာမႈမ်ား၊ အခြင့္အေရး ခ်ိဳးေဖာက္မႈမ်ားကို ေရွာင္ၾကဥ္ရန္
ၾကိဳတင္စမ္းစစ္၊ ကာကြယ္တားစီးျခင္းမ်ားလုပ္ေဆာင္ရန္
◦ Address negative impacts
သက္ေရာက္ထိခိုက္မႈမ်ားကိုေျဖရွင္းရန္လုိအပ္မႈ
3. Access to remedy ျပန္လည္ေကာင္းမြန္ေအာင္ျပဳျပင္ျခင္း /
ထိခိုက္ နစ္နာမႈမ်ားကို ကုစားျခင္းမ်ားကိုလက္လွမ္းမွီမႈ
Professor John
Ruggie, Special
Representative
to the United
Nations
Secretary
General, 2005-
2011

17. Company doesn’t appoint
pregnant women
ကုမၸဏီမွ သားဖြားမည့္အမ်ိဳးသမီးမ်ားကို အလုပ္မခံ့ျခင္း။
Company terminates contract of
trade union representatives
ကုမၸဏီမွ အလုပ္သမား အဖြဲ႔အစည္း ကိုယ္စားလွယ္မ်ားအား
စာခ်ဳပ္ဖ်က္သိမ္းျခင္းမ်ား
Company’s waste water pollutes
farmland
ကုမၸဏီမွ ေရဆိုး စြန္႔ပစ္မႈမ်ားသည္ လယ္ယာမ်ားကို
ပ်က္စီးထိခိုက္ျခင္း
Company sells unsafe food
products to consumers
ကုမၸဏီမွ စိတ္မခ်ရေသာ အစားအစာမ်ားကို သံုးစြဲသူမ်ားထံ
ေရာင္းခ်ျခင္း
Examples of direct involvement in human rights abuse
မေကာင္းမြန္ေသာ ဥပမာအခ်ိဳ႕ - တိုက္ရိုက္ပါဝင္ျခင္း

18. 1. Mining company contracts
private security guards who
sexually harass women of the
community
1. သတၳဳတူးေဖာ္ေရးလုပ္ငန္းကုမၸဏီမွ ငွားယူထားေသာ
အေစာင့္မ်ားသည္ ရပ္ရြာမွ အမ်ိဳးသမီးမ်ား ကိုလိင္ပိုင္းဆိုင္ရာ
ေစာ္ကားမႈမ်ားျပဳလုပ္ျခင္း
linked to violation of right to
personal security, women´s
rights
အမ်ိဳးသမီးမ်ားအခြင့္ေရးျဖစ္ေသာ ကိုယ္ပိုင္လံုၿခံဳ ခြင့္ရရွိမႈကို
ဆက္ႏြယ္ေနသည္။
2. Garment company buys
fabric from a supplier who
uses child labour
2. ကေလးလုပ္သားမ်ားအသံုးျပဳေသာ
ခ်ည္ထည္ကုန္ၾကမ္းထုတ္သူမ်ားထံမွ အကၤ်ီစက္ရံုမ်ားက
ဝယ္ယူျခင္း။
linked to violations of children
rights
ကေလးမ်ားအခြင့္အေရးကို ခ်ိဳးေဖာက္မႈျဖင့္ ဆက္ႏြယ္ေနသည္။
3. Internet company provides
government with private
messages political opponents
send on email which leads to
their arrest
3. အင္တာနက္ကုမၸဏီမွ အစိုးရသို႔ အတိုက္အခံ
ေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ားထံမွ သတင္းအခ်က္အလက္မ်ားကို
ေထာက္ပံ့ေပးၿပီး အထိန္းသိမ္းခံရေစျခင္း။
complicit in violation of
freedom of thoughts,
expression, arbitrary arrest
လြတ္လပ္စြာေတြးေခၚျခင္း၊ ထုတ္ေဖာ္ေျပာဆို
ျခင္းႏွင့္အာဏာရွင္ဆန္ ဖမ္းစီးမႈမ်ားကို ပါဝင္ႀကံ စည္ျခင္းျဖစ္သည္

19.  ကုမၸဏီမွ အလုပ္သမားမ်ားကို အလုပ္ေပးျခင္းႏွင့္ လုပ္အားခေကာင္းေကာင္းေပးျခင္း
◦ Company provides employment and fair wages to workers
 ကုမၸဏီမွ အလုပ္သမားမ်ားႏွင့္ မိသားစုမ်ားကိုက်န္းမာေရးေစာင့္ေရွာက္ေပးျခင္း
◦ Company provides health care service for workers and their family
 ကုမၸဏီမွလုပ္ငန္းအသစ္တစ္ခုစတင္ရန္ရပ္ရြာလူထု၏ အထင္အျမင္ကိုသိရွိရန္
ႀကိဳတင္သတင္း ေပးျခင္း
◦ A company informs the community about a new project and seeks the views of the community
 ကုမၸဏီမွ ဓါတုေဗဒပစၥည္းမပါေသာ အစားအေသာက္မ်ားကို ဝယ္ယူသူမ်ား
တတ္ႏိုင္ေသာ ေဈးျဖင့္ေရာင္းခ်ေပးျခင္း
◦ A company produces and sells organically grown food at an accessible price to consumers
 ကုမၸဏီမွေဈးႏႈန္းသက္သာေသာ အင္တာနက္သံုးစြဲႏိုင္ရန္ ေထာက္ပ့ံေပးျခင္း။
◦ A company provides affordable internet access
Some examples of positive contribution to human rights by business
ဥပမာမ်ား - လူ႕အခြင့္အေရးမ်ားအတြက္ ေကာင္းမြန္ေသာလုပ္ေဆာင္ခ်က္မ်ား

20. Indigenous Peoples’ rights ဌာေနတိုင္းရင္းသားမ်ား အခြင္႔အေရး
Children’s rights ကေလးသူငယ္မ်ား အခြင္႔အေရး
Women’s Rights အမ်ိုဳးသမီးမ်ား အခြင္႔အေရး
People with disabilities မသန္စြမ္းသူမ်ား အခြင္႔အေရး
Migrant workers ေရႊ႔ေျပာင္း အလုပ္သမားမ်ား
အခြင္႔အေရး

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myanmar.responsible.business

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