Major Historical Perspectives of Nursing Computers

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Major Historical Perspectives of Nursing Computers
Submitted by:
Ethel Ocana Stribling
BSN - II

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3. Prior to 1960’s
✓ 1950’s
❑ Computer industry grew- nursing is also made of major changes
❑ Computer are used by health care facilities for basic business function
❖ Punch cards
❖ Card readers
❖ Sort and prepare data for processing
❖ Teletypewriters

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1960’s
❑ Use of computers us being Questioned.
❑ Nurses station is viewed as the “hub” of information
exchange
❑ Introduction ofCathode RayTube (CRT) and online data
communication and real time processing
❑ Hospital information systems were developed primarily
for Billing and Accounting systems.
❑ Vendors of computer system and applications in hospitals
started.

5. 1970’s
✓ Nurses began to see the value of computers in the profession.
❑ Documentation of nursing practice
❑ Quality of patient care,
❑ Repetitive aspects of managing patient care.
✓ Computers are perceived as cost-saving technologies
✓ (Hospital Information System (HIS’s) further advanced
✓ Computer- based MIS in public health developed
❖ Statistic purpose

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1980’s
✓ Nursing Informatics emerged
✓ Need of DATA Standards, Vocabularies and classification schemes for computer based
patient record systems ( CPRS ) identified
✓ HIS emerged with nursing subsystems
➢ Order entry ( like KARDEX)
➢ Results reporting
➢ Vital signs
➢ Narrative nursing notes
➢ Discharge planning systems

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✓ Microcomputer / Personal Computer emerged
1980’s
➢ Has brought computing power to workplace, especially the POINT – of – CARE.
➢ Served as stand – alone systems ( workstations )
➢ User – friendly and allowed nurses to create their own applications
1990’s
✓ Computer technology became an integral part of health care settings, nursing practice, and the profession
✓ Nursing informatics was approved in 1992 by ANA as a new nursing specialty
✓ Demand for NI expertise increased greatly
✓ Use of innovative technologies for all education demanded

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1990’s
➢ Laptops and Notebooks were utilized at bedside and all point – of – care settings.
➢ Local area network ( LANs) were developed in hospitals.
➢ Wide area networks (WANs) were developed for linking care across healthcare facilities
➢ Internet is widely used and helped information and knowledge database to be integrated into
bedside systems.
▪ 1995 – internet was brought to the social milieu
➢ E-mail
➢ File transfer protocol ( upload / download)
➢ Telnet
➢ www protocols (TheWeb )
▪ The internet was used to exchange data between CPRS, while the
Web became the means to communicating online services ( browsing
the internet) and resources to the nursing community.

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Post 2000’s
✓ Development of wireless Point – of – care systems with focus on OPEN SOURCE solutions
✓ Clinical information systems ( CIS ) became individualized in the Electronic Patient Record ( EPR ) and patient specific
and patient specific systems considered for the Lifelong longitudinal record of the Electronic Health Record ( EHR)
✓ MobileTechnology Advances
➢ Wireless tablet computers
➢ Personal digital assistant (PDAs)
➢ Smart Cellular telephone ( Smartphones)
➢ Voice over internet protocol (VOIP)
➢ Health smartcards
✓ TELENURSING became popular
➢ Remote monitoring of ICU patient, community patients

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Post 2000’s
✓ Legislation ( US Based)
Made an impact on the practice –The Health Insurance Portability and
accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA)
➢ Enacted to streamline health care transactions
➢ Reduce cost
➢ Reimbursements
➢ Security, privacy and confidentiality

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❑ Computers were introduced into the nursing profession over 35 years ago.
❑ Major milestones of nursing are interwoven with the advancement of computer and
information technologies, the increase need for nursing data, development of nursing
applications, and changes making the nursing profession an autonomous discipline.
❑ The Landmark events were described by the following categopries.
Landmark Events in Nursing and Computers
a) Early conferences, meetings
b) Early academic initiatives
c) Initial National League for nursing initiatives
d) Early International initiatives
e) Initial educational resources
f) Significant collaborative events

12. What do Nurse Informatics do:
ccording to a 2017 survey conducted by the Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society
(HIMSS), hospitals are the most common employer for nursing informaticists. At 40%, systems
implementation was the most frequently reported job responsibility, and includes selecting and
preparing new technology, as well as training and supporting the nursing staff on the how to use it.
Other common daily tasks might include:
•Tracking the success of quality initiatives
•Project management
•Analyzing clinical statistics
•Optimizing system performance
•Writing policies

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Early Nursing Informatics History in the Philippines