Industrial Revolution

1. INDUSTRIAL
REVOLUTION
5-3.1
Explain how the Industrial Revolution was furthered by
new inventions and technologies, including new methods of
mass production and transportation and the invention of
the light bulb, the telegraph, and the telephone.

2. LO: I can explain how the Industrial
Revolution created a shift towards more
manufactured goods. (5-3.1)
EQ: How did new technologies and
inventions impact the lives of
Americans during the Industrial
Revolution?
Objective and Essential
Question

3.  The post Civil War
Industrial Revolution was
the continuation of
changes in the United
States economy that had
started prior to the war.
In the Beginning…

4. Farming to Factories
■The fundamental
(important) change was
from an economy based
on agriculture
(farming) and trade to
one increasingly based
on the production of

5. Check for Understanding
Which of the following statements offers the
best definition of the Industrial Revolution?
A. A time period in which children began to work
in factories for long hours and in dangerous
conditions.
B. A time period in which the transcontinental
railroad connected East to West.
C. A time period in which the United States
economy began making a change from a
farming economy to one of industrial

6. Factors of Production
■ Manufacturing (producing)
requires:
– raw materials (land),
– workers (labor),
– capital equipment
(capital),
– new ideas and the
equipment to do it
(technology)
■ Economists call these the

7. Check for Understanding
According to economists, what are the
factors of production?
A.Steel, coal, and oil
B.Banking and manufacturing
C.Manufacturing, agriculture, and trade
D.Land, capital, labor and technology

8. Check for Understanding
During the Industrial Revolution, the term
"technology" referred to what factor other than
the physical inventions created during that
time?
A. ideas of how to use new inventions
B. finances used to pay for new inventions
C. laws that protected new inventions
D. profits made from new inventions

9. The Role of the Railroad
■ Government policies
encouraged westward
movement
– transcontinental railroad
– free land to
homesteaders
(Homestead Act)
■ Railroad was used to ship
materials and goods across
the country

10. Mobile Materials
 Grains shipped from
farms on the Great Plains
to giant mills became
cereal for Americans’
breakfast tables.
 Hogs and cattle shipped to
meat processing plants
were served for dinner
throughout the country.
 Iron ore was shipped to
processing plants where it
was converted to steel
for the building of more

11. Check for Understanding
What was most responsible for connecting the
farms of the Midwest to the dinner tables and
factories of the eastern cities in the time period
after the Civil War?
A. steamboats
B. the transcontinental railroad
C. automobiles
D. canals

12. Consumer Products
■ Transcontinental railroad shipped raw
materials to manufacturers in cities
■ Manufacturers created products to be
shipped all over the country and world
■ New methods of mass production were
used to turn raw materials into consumer
products.
■ Mass Production - manufacture of goods in
large quantities by machinery (faster and
cheaper)
■ Consumer products – items bought

13. Check for Understanding
How did new methods of mass production
affect manufacturing in the United States?
A. Prices of products went up.
B. Products were made more quickly and cheaply.
C. Fewer products were available for consumers to
buy.
D. Products were made more slowly.

14. LO: I can explain how the Industrial
Revolution was furthered by new
technologies. (5-3.1)
EQ: How did new technologies and
inventions impact the lives of
Americans during the Industrial
Revolution?
Objective and Essential
Question

15. Let’s take a peek at one of our
technological advancements.
Activator
Andrew Carnegie

16. Andrew Carnegie
■ Andrew Carnegie
brought the Bessemer
process, which
converted iron into
steel, to the United
States.
■ His company, Carnegie
Steel, built huge steel
foundries and created a
monopoly on the
production of steel.
■ Monopoly – A single
seller, selling a

17. Check for Understanding
What was a result of the development of
the Bessemer process?
A. Steel was used in many tall buildings
and skyscrapers.
B. Oil became the most common source of
power.
C. Coal mining became less economically
important.

18. “Dis” is Smart
■ Meat packers developed a ‘dis-
assembly’ line
■ Hogs and cattle were killed and then cut
into steaks and chops.
■ The leftovers were stuffed into
sausages.
■ One meat packer boasted that his plant
could use every part of the pig but its
squeal.

19. Check for Understanding
This is a quote from the owner of a
meat packing business in the 1900s.
To what process does this quote refer?
A. the assembly line
B. the Bessemer process
C. the Carnegie process
D. the disassembly line

20. Assembly Line
 Although manufacturers in
the late 19th century (1800s)
produced goods on a large
scale, the assembly line was
not introduced until the early
twentieth century (1900s).
 Henry Ford first used the
assembly line in the
production of automobiles.
 Assembly line -
a manufacturing process
where parts are added as
the semi-finished
product moves from

21. Check for Understanding
What new invention in the early 1900s
sped up the industrial manufacturing
process?
A.interchangeable parts
B.the assembly line
C.the telegraph
D.the television

22. Quick Write
■ On the index card provided,
summarize the importance of the
assembly line. Why was it so
important to have mass production
in factories?
■ Use complete sentences with proper mechanics.

23. LO: I can explain how the Industrial
Revolution was furthered by new
inventions. (5-3.1)
EQ: How did new technologies and
inventions impact the lives of
Americans during the Industrial
Revolution?
Objective and Essential
Question

24. Let’s take a peek at one of our
inventors.
Activator
Samuel Morse

25. Inventions
■ Inventions also helped to
promote industrial growth in the
late 19th century (1800s) and
early 20th century (1900s).

26. Morse Code
■ Invented by Samuel Morse before the Civil
War
■ The telegraph helped railroads:
– communicate,
– stay on schedule,
– prevent accidents
■ Later used by businesses to place orders and
ensure raw materials and finished products
were delivered on time
■ The telegraph thus promoted economic

27. Check for Understanding
How did the invention of the telegraph impact
the Industrial Revolution?
A. It helped the federal government restrict
businesses activities, encouraging industrial
growth.
B. It helped business owners communicate and
create monopolies, hurting industrial growth.
C. It allowed businesses to communicate more
quickly, encouraging industrial growth.
D. It allowed foreign companies to boycott

28. Ring…Ring…Hello?
■ The telephone was
invented by Alexander
Graham Bell and improved
on communication of the
telegraph.
■ Now businesses could
communicate by telephone
more quickly and easily.
■ Soon homes of wealthy
people had telephones and
eventually almost every
home had a telephone.
■ The telephone was easier

29. Check for Understanding
The telephone was an improvement of what
communicating device?
A. Phonograph
B. Telegraph
C. Messenger
D. Pony Express

30. Telegraph and
Telephone

31. I Believe I Can Fly
 Wright Brothers invented the first
flying motorized plane on December 17,
1903 in Kitty Hawk, North Carolina
 Led to the creation of the airline
industry

32. Let There Be Light
■ The light bulb was not invented by
Thomas Edison
■ Edison significantly improved the light
bulb and made it practical for use.
■ Edison invented the incandescent light
bulb.
■ An incandescent light bulb is an
electric light with a wire filament that
is heated to such a high temperature
that it glows with visible light
 It promoted economic growth because it made it
possible to light factories as well as homes more
safely than kerosene lamps.
 The light bulb made the use of electricity popular and
therefore more electric generating stations were
built and more electric lines were strung in cities and

33. Check for Understanding
Which inventor is correctly matched with
his invention?
A. Alexander Graham Bell--telegraph
B. Samuel B. Morse--Bessemer Process
C. Thomas Edison--incandescent light
bulb
D. Andrew Carnegie--steel

34. Quick Write
■ On the index card provided, think
about the inventions we discussed
today and answer the following
question.
■ How do these inventions impact our
lives today?
■ Use complete sentences with proper mechanics.

35. LO: I can explain how the Industrial
Revolution was furthered by new
inventions. (5-3.1)
EQ: How did new technologies and
inventions impact the lives of
Americans during the Industrial
Revolution?
Objective and Essential
Question

36. It’s Electric
 Electricity provided a new way of powering the
manufacturing plants that had been relying on water
power from rivers or steam power produced by
burning coal.
 Electricity caused a growth in
 power lines,
 generators,
 streetcars,
 factories,
 people living outside of cities
 The light bulb therefore contributed to the
economic growth of the United States by
encouraging the development of electric powered

37. Inventions For
Everyone
■ Labor saving devices became popular
– washing machines
– vacuum cleaners
■ New inventions created new jobs for women
– telephone operators
– sewing machines
– typewriter

38. Check for Understanding
How did the availability of electricity affect
the location of factories?
A. They no longer had to be near rivers for water
power.
B. They could only be built next to power
stations.
C. They could be built wherever there was coal.
D. They were limited to the northeastern United
States.

39. Check for Understanding
What impact did inventions such as the
telephone, sewing machine, and typewriter
have on the role of women in American
society?
A. These inventions were controlled by the
government and therefore limited their role in
American politics.
B. These inventions provided new job
opportunities for children, leaving women
with more tasks at home.