BOC

1. Dr.R.J.CHARULATHA
SENIOR RESIDENT
DEPT OF COMMUNITY MEDICINE
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2. CONTENTS:
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• Definition of communication
• Communication process
• Types of communication
• Barriers of communication
• Measures to overcome the barriers

3. COMMUNICATION:
• Art of transmitting knowledge, ideas, information and
thoughts from one person to another
• Effective communication is to share meaning and understanding
between the person sending the message and the person
receiving the message
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4. PROCESS OF COMMUNICATION:
• Communication which is the basis of human interaction is a
complex process
• It has the following main components:
 Sender
 Message
 Channel
 Receiver
 Feedback 4

5. 1. SENDER / COMMUNICATOR:
• The sender is the originator of the message
• An effective communicator must know his:
 Objectives
 Audience
 Message
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6. 2. RECEIVER:
• All communications must have an audience - which may be a
single person / a group of people
• Controlled audience - held together by a common interest
• Uncontrolled / free audience - gathered together from motives
of curiosity
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7. 3. MESSAGE:
• Information which the communicator transmits to the
audience
• A message must be interesting, meaningful, clear,
understandable, specific, accurate and in line with objectives
• Transmitting the right message to the right people at the
right time is a crucial factor in successful communication
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8. 4. CHANNELS OF COMMUNICATION:
• It is the media between the sender and receiver
• It consists of 3 medias:
 Interpersonal / face - to - face communication
 Mass media - via TV, radio, printed media
 Traditional / Folk media - as folk dances, singing,
dramas
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9. 5. FEEDBACK:
• It is the reaction of the audience to the message
• Provides an opportunity to the sender to modify his message
• Generally obtained polls, surveys and interviews
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10. PROCESS OF COMMUNICATION:
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11. TYPES OF COMMUNICATION:
1. One way communication (Didactic method):
• From the communicator to the audience
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12. 2. Two way communication (Socratic method):
• Both the audience and communicator can take part
• The audience may raise questions, add their ideas and opinions
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TYPES OF COMMUNICATION:

13. 3. Verbal Communication :
• The traditional method of communication by word of mouth
• It is persuasive
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TYPES OF COMMUNICATION:

14. 4. Non – verbal communication:
• Communication without using words
• Bodily movements, postures, gestures, facial expressions
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TYPES OF COMMUNICATION:

15. 5. Formal & Informal communication:
• Formal (follows lines of authority)
• Informal (grape-vine communication like gossip)
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TYPES OF COMMUNICATION:

16. 6. Visual communication:
• Charts, graphs, poster, tables, maps, etc
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TYPES OF COMMUNICATION:

17. 7. Telecommunication and Internet:
• Process of communicating over distance using electromagnetic
instruments. Eg: radio, television, telephone
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TYPES OF COMMUNICATION:

18. BARRIERS OF COMMUNICATION:
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19. PHYSIOLOGICAL BARRIERS:
• Limitations of the human body due to ill health
• Poor eye sight
• Hearing difficulties
• Speech and voice defect
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20. PSYCHOLOGICAL BARRIERS:
• Personal problems / worries
• Attitude towards self / audience
• Fear / anxiety
• Stress / depression
• Lack of confidence
• Personal shyness
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21. ENVIRONMENTAL BARRIERS:
• Crowded, noisy environment
• Extreme temperature / humidity
• Bright or dim light
• People talking, music playing
• Telephone call / message
• Thunder / heavy rain
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22. SOCIOCULTURAL BARRIERS:
• Gender
• Age
• Socioeconomic class
• Education level
• Urban or rural residence
• Different language
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23. MEASURES TO OVERCOME THE
BARRIERS:
• Correction of physiological defects
• Reduction and elimination of noise levels
• Avoid information overload
• Proper media selection
• Minimise visual / oral distraction
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24. • Appropriate seating arrangement
• Ensure visibility & audibility
• Environmental comfort
• Understanding of traditions and customs
• Use of simple language / words
• Use of symbols and charts
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MEASURES TO OVERCOME THE
BARRIERS:

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