aims and scope of orthodontics

DR.KAPIL SAROHA
BDS, MDS
ORTHODONTICS AND DENTOFACIAL ORTHOPAEDICS
Saturday, February 11, 2017www.drdentiste.com1
AIMS AND SCOPE OF
ORTHODONTICS

If there is defect in the soul ,
it can’t be corrected on face,
but if there is defect on the face…and one
corrects it,
it can correct a soul.
-Jean Cocteau

What is Orthodontics All about ??
The word “ ORTHODONTICS “ is derived from Greek
words
Orthos : correct
Odontos : teeth

In 1922, the British Society for Study of Orthodontics has
defined the specialty as –
“Orthodontics”
includes study of growth and development of jaws and
face particularly and body generally as influencing
position of teeth; study of action and reaction of internal
and external influences on the development ; prevention
and correction of arrested and perverted development”

AIMS & OBJECTIVES
 1 .Functional efficiency
 2. Structural balance
 3. Esthetic harmony

Structural balance
 Orofacial region consists of dentoalveolar system,
skeletal tissue and soft tissue including musculature.
 It depends upon on the correct proportion of the tooth
substance to bone development when latter has
reached its growth limit in order to permit satisfactory
alignment of teeth .

Functional efficiency
 It depends upon correct relationship of teeth to each
other and their orientation to skull as a whole to
permit a satisfactory excursion of the mandible in
function of mastication .

Esthetic harmony:
 It is a matter of proportion in shape, size and
orientation of dental organs as a whole in their
relationship to other facial factors.

This goal is not ‘just cosmetic’….
It reflects the patient’s desire to improve
their social acceptability and eliminate
discrimination based on
appearance, which can affect their
quality of life greatly.

The goal of orthodontic treatment
To improve patient’s life by enhancing dental and jaw
function and dentofacial esthetics.
From this perspective…
Role of orthodontic treatment is analogous to that of
several other medical specialities such as plastic
surgery and orthopedics,in which patient’s problem
often doesn’t result from disease but distortion of
development.

 SOCIAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT OF
PHYSICAL ATTRACTVENESS AND ITS
RELEVANCE TO DENTISTRY
IS ORTHODONTICS JUSTIFIED AS A
PROFESSION ???

NEED FOR ORTHODONTIC
TREATMENT
 1. Irregular teeth
 2. Predisposition to periodontal diseases

3.To close diastema
4. Mouth breathing
5. Correction of speech defects
6. Risk of trauma: Class II malocclusion

7. Bruxism
8. Tmj probs: deep bite,
occlusal prematurities.
9. Surgical treatment for congenital
defects : Cleft lip and palate.
10 .Correction of shifted teeth,
prior to construction of bridges
and partial dentures.

 Skeletal problems
 Skeletal problems result not from malpositioned teeth
or well proportioned jaws but from disproportion in
size or position of jaws themselves.
 Occurs in all three planes

Services offered
 Preventive orthodontics
 Interceptive orthodontics
 Corrective orthodontics
 Surgical
 Camouflage
 adjunctive

 Preventive Orthodontics
 Prevention is better than cure
 Actions taken to preserve the integrity of what
appear normal for that age
 Space maintainence
 Check up for oral habits and habit breaking
appliance if required

 Interceptive Orthodontics
 Procedure undertaken at early stage of MO to eliminate
or reduce the severity of the same, in order to prevent
establishment of full fledged MO that may require long
term orthodontic treatment at later age.
o Control of abnormal habits
 Interception of skeletal malrelation using myofunctional
appliance

 Corrective Orthodontics
A. Surgical orthodontics:
 Done for patient with no remaining growth
potential and severe malocclusion.
Dentofacial orthognathic surgeries are the major
surgical procedures carried out along with
orthodontic therapy.
Require a team approach with oral surgeon and
orthodontist being imp member of team

Currently a new technique of bone generation in
craniofacial region termed Distraction Osteogenesis
has been introduced.
It is a biologic process of new bone formation between
osteotomised bone segments that are seperated
gradually by incremental traction.
Traction force is applied to bone segments,creating a
tensional stress in repairative callus that joins the
divided bone segments.

B) Camouflage
Bringing the teeth in proper occlusion without correcting
jaw discrepancy.
Underlying skeletal discrepancy be corrected by
orthodontic tooth movement.
Successful for adolescents with moderate problems.
Not useful
1. In transverse or vertical skeleton problems
2. Severe class II and III

Adjunctive treatment
 It facilitates restorative treatment by repositioning
the teeth so that more ideal and conservative
technique can be used.
 1.Repositioning teeth that have drifted.
 2. Forced eruption of badly broken
 Teeth.

aims and scope of orthodontics

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