The Normandy Kingdom

The Normandy Kingdom
Davis Rush
12/4/15
History 10
Section 28
The Rise and Fall of the Normandy Kingdom
Throughout history civilizations, as well as dynasties, come to gain power, and lose it after some
period of time. The same is true for the Norman dynasty of 1000's to the 1100's. During this time
period, William I had four sons and three of them took power after their father. After the third son, a
new dynasty came to power, thus bringing the end of the Norman dynasty after only sixty–nine
years of power.
King William I, also known as King William the Conqueror, was the first Norman King of England.
He was the son of Robert I and his mistress Helvera which caused him some problems through his
life. King William came to power after Edward the Confessor, King Harold II, and Edgar the
Aethling fell, and William had to try and fix many problems caused by Edward the Confessor as
well as his successors. William the Conqueror had a document written called the Domesday Book in
1081, in which he listed the owners of each land and how much it was worth and what taxes needed
to be paid on it. The exact reasons he made this ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He rebuilt his power starting in Contentin and helped William II fight against Robert in the
Rebellion. Henry was with his brother William when he died, and took over the kingdom after his
death. He promised to rectify the unfavorable laws and traditions William had set up. Robert, in
1101, invaded Henry's territory and it ended with a proclamation of Henry as king. There was peace,
but not for long, as Henry invaded Duchy of Normandy in 1105 and 1106. He defeated his brother
Robert at the Battle of Tinchebray, then leaving his brother in prison for the rest of his life. Henry's
kingship was challenged many more times after and ended with peace with Louis VI of
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

War Of The Roses
Near the end of the Hundred Years War, dissent in England led to civil strife, and many of the royal
family of Plantagenet were killed in their attempts to seize the throne. Back in 1337, Edward III
declared war on France, after Philip VI's refusal to return territories to England. This struggle would
devastate both nations for 116 years until 1453, ultimately leaving England with even less territory
in France than they had started with. In 1422, near the end of the war, the effective king Henry V
died of dysentery, leaving behind an infant son Henry VI. Young Henry, who was insane, was
unable to control his nation. The House of York challenged Henry VI, and a civil war began that
would last 32 years. The War of the Roses was a major turning ... Show more content on
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However, a division was created when in 1377, Edward III's fourth son, John of Gaunt, became the
first duke of Lancaster, and his fifth son, Edmund of Langley, became the first duke of York. This
separation would prove the be lasting. In 1453, the last English territories in southwestern France
were lost to the Dauphin Charles, which marked the end of the devastating Hundred Years War.
England had lost all of their holdings on mainland Europe, except Calais. This disastrous result
proved that Henry VI was a weak king, and his political enemies, including barons and Richard of
York, rose up against him. Initial conflicts occurred in 1455, and after five years of fighting and
temporary truces, the Battle of Wakefield in 1460 resulted in a Yorkist victory, although Richard of
York was killed. Edward, his son was crowned Edward IV, yet he died 23 years later in 1483. His
brother Richard III claimed the throne, although Edward V, his nephew, was supposedly the rightful
heir. Some Yorkists who opposed Richard III sought help from Henry Tudor, the last Lancastrian
descendent. Henry staged a failed rebellion with Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham, but at
Bosworth Field, (8/22/1485), he defeated Richard III at a final battle, ending the 32–year–old
struggle. Henry was crowned Henry VII, THEN married Elizabeth of York, thus uniting the two
houses. Before the war, England was controlled by the sovereign and a network of nobility.
However, the War of the Roses added to the already high death rate of aristocracy, thus weakening
the feudal state. Seven important royal relatives were deposed or killed in battle, including Henry
VI, Margaret of Anjou, Richard Neville of Salisbury, Richard Neville of Warwick, Edward IV,
Edward V, and Richard III. With less competition for kingship, the Tudors would be able to establish
an empire in relative peace. With many new ideas of the Renaissance being

Research Paper On Andorra
Andorra
Andorra is a small, independent country located between France and Spain in the Pyrenees
mountains. Despite its size Andorra is well known in Europe for its huge skiing hills, hiking trails
and mountain scenery. Andorra is the smallest state in Europe, its capital city is Andorra La Vella, it
is small enough for you to travel through the whole city on foot. Andorra is the last independent
survivor of the Marca Hispanica and the buffer states which was created by Charlemagne to keep
the Islamic Moor from going any farther into Christian France. It is said that Charlemagne grave a
charter to the people of Andorra in return for fighting the Moors. In the 9th century, Charlemagne's
grandson, Charles the Bald, was named the count of urgell as overlord of Andorra. ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Count of Foix because heir to the heir to the lord of Caboet through marriage and controversy
arose between the Occitan Count and the Catalan bishop over Andora.
Now, Andorra has a parliamentary coprincipality government which is made up of the bishop of
Urgel (Spain) and the president of France. The official language of Andorra is Catalan, it is the only
official language of Andorra. Andorrans, who are the original Catalans, are a minority in their own
country. The country is made up of Spanish, French, and Portuguese residents which make up
67.7% of the population.
Andorra was a tax haven, it encouraged tax free shopping but as of 2015, it is no longer a tax haven
because of the pressure coming in from the European union. They prompted the Andorran
government to increase

Who Is Warwick's Responsibility To Blame For The Civil War?
Richard Neville, The Earl of Warwick, was sometimes referred to as 'kingmaker' in reference to his
involvement in helping Edward IV take the throne in 1461. However, by 1469 he had disaffected to
the Lancastrian side. Reasons for this disaffection include the marriage between Edward IV and
Elizabeth Woodville, and the resulting shortage of marriage partners for Warwick's daughters due to
the Woodville family. Furthermore, Warwick's greed and desire for further patronage leading to a
feud with William Herbert over control of Wales caused a rift between the two Yorkists. The source
itself puts Warwick's disaffection to blame for the continuation of civil war, this is an interesting
argument and one may agree with this source for aforementioned reasons. The source is valuable in
inferring that Warwick's personal ambitions were ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Some of the blame for the disaffection of Warwick can be placed on Edward's choices in his foreign
policy. While Edward married Elizabeth Woodville, Warwick, who favoured an alliance with
France, had been arranging the marriage between Edward IV and Bona of Savoy. After finally
hearing of the marriage between Edward and Elizabeth, Warwick was left embarrassed at his now
failed attempt at forming a marriage alliance with France. Furthermore, in 1468, Edward's sister,
Margaret of York, married Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy. This cemented an alliance with
Burgundy, and all but ended hopes of Warwick's favoured alliance with France, turning Louis XI
into a dangerous enemy. This can be seen to be the fault of Edward, as he was beginning to grow
further from one of his chief advisors, and was beginning to take the advice of the Woodville family,
who favoured the Burgundian alliance. This decreases the value of the source as there is no
reference to Edward being at fault, as he was with the foreign policy

Examples Of Kings In Macbeth
Shakespeares example of kings from his era Shakesspeare presents three kings as examples of the
tragic and ideal .henry v's soliloquy on the night before the battle with the French and his crispin
crispian speech the following morning prove this king to be an ideal hero because he reveals his first
concern in his army and not himself Macbeth is the opposite as he reveals his understanding of his
duty to his king but then plots to overthrow Duncan and his successor to maintain power for himself
Malcolm .in act iv of mcbeth ,proves he will restore order to the war that ravaged scottland by
embodying some of the same characteristics possed earlier by the hero of the history play.these
characters prove the theme that the decisions of a king or ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
That shows king henrys pride King Henry states in line (230–234)upon the king let us our lives ,our
souls our debts our careful wives our children and our sins lay on the king. Proving that he takes
pride in accounting for all his people. King Henry also states that the king does not sleep as easily as
easily as subjects which means he carries much more weight than the everyday man, king belkieves
private people can be at ease. That shows a lot of diligence he puts his people before himself. King
henry dose not show greed he shows great charity also by putting his people first. King henry unlike
any other king showed love and chasity for his soldiers even referring to them as his brothers he
even fights next to them like a true king. The King also goes through a stage of humility dealing
with his fathers sins Henrys father wasn't so much of a perfect king he killed to get the throne. King
Henry had the man he killed dug up so that his body could be prayed for and reburied. Henry did
not want that death on his soul. Henry also did not want the reposibility held by his men for his
fathers defeat of

Power And Kingship In Richard II And Henry II By William...
Richard knew what it was like to be king and to have his kingdom taken from him. He had power
and he was always working to gain more power, but in the end, he lost it all. In result to Richard
losing power, he has to hand over the crown to Henry. At this point, Henry now has gone from little
power to ruling the kingdom. Henry's son, Hal, also gets a taste of power. The power of Christ is
also a focus that Shakespeare uses in his plays as he looks into the fate of each individual and how
the power of God can change everything. Power and kingship have a great role regarding motives,
in both Shakespeare's plays, Richard II and Henry IV. Act III scene two is set on the coast of Wales,
King Richard II, the Bishop of Carlisle, Duke of Aumerle, and soldiers have all gathered. King
Richard expresses many audacious claims about his kingship, but on the other hand, he also seems
very unsteady in his confidence. After concern is expressed by Richard, Carlisle reassures Richard
by saying, "Fear not, my lord: that Power that made you king hath power to keep you king in spite
of all" (Richard II, 3.2.27–28). Carlisle wants Richard to know that regardless what the people
think, Richard holds the rightful place as king. Richard goes on to fall back with "Not all the water
in the rough rude sea can wash the balm off from an anointed king; the breath of worldly men
cannot depose" (Richard II, 3.2.54–56). Richard is saying that nothing, not even Bolingbroke will be
able to take away his power

King Henry The Second 's Leadership Failures
Thesis Statement: King Henry the Second's leadership failures came about because of a few
unethical activities and bad fundamental leadership decisions which prompted an uprising of the
people who eventually overthrew him. I. Introduction A. The play by William Shakespeare
"Tragedy of King Richard the Second" is an excellent example of how not to be a leader as it relates
to King Richard II (Higginbotham,2014). B. In the beginning, it seems King Henry II is a mighty
King with great leadership as seen in Act 1 Scene 1 as he is sitting upon his throne where he must
decide the outcome of an argument between Thomas Mowbray and Henry Bolingbroke, who is
Richard's cousin. Bolingbroke believes that Mowbray has been loose with money given to him ...
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B. He lost the support of the people in the land because he never paid attention to their needs and
just casually threw them to the side and squandered away their money and property without regard
to the safety of the country. III. Decisions made during leadership IV. A. Among the primary
responsibilities of the king, he was supposed to be able to solve conflicts, and as a result, he was
supposed to be a judge and rule over some instances. It was this responsibility that King Richard
failed and this lead to a position where most of the public was not satisfied with the decision that he
was making while in power (Guttman, 1968, p. 110). In a series of crisis, different people in the
government were able to show that they were not in support of the way the king was running the
kingdom. This fact goes a long way in explaining the reasons as to why the king had resistance
(Guttman, 1968). B. Rulings that the king made over conflicts were not very good. The majority of
people were not able to see the justice in the judgments, and they felt that they were not judged
relatively (Higginbotham2014). King Richard II's actions had the effect of making the people want
to get the justice that they deserved through the process of requesting for change from the leadership
that they had in place. These downfalls opened the door for Bolingbroke to start a revolt. V.
Principal causes of failure in leadership A. All through the reign of King Richard, there are a few
factors

The War of the Roses and Shakespeare
There are two sides to every issue. The Wars of the Roses went from 1455–1485 AD, which were
fought between the Lancastrians and the Yorks. The Lancastrians was a house descended from John
of Gaunt, this sides symbol was a Red Rose. The York's was a house descended from the second and
fourth son of Edward III, their symbol was a White Rose. Shakespeare wrote a play about Richard
III, taking place three months after the Wars of the Roses ended. Shakespeare's play is summing up
Richard doing anything and killing whoever he had to so he could get to the throne. This play was
full of drama and gore. Shakespeare generally does a good job of explaining historical information,
but not everything was accurate about Richard III. The Wars of the Roses was caused for a number
of different reasons. Some of the causes were social and financial problems as a result of the
Hundred Years War, descendants of King Edward III fighting for the throne, and disgust over the
Lancastrian ruler King Henry VI, who was mentally unstable. General information about the Wars
of the Roses was that it was a battle between two families both wanting the throne, each family was
represented with a rose. The wars occurred over the course of thirty years. From 1455–1460 Richard
of York and his sponsors fought against Margaret of Anjou acting inlace of her husband Henry VI.
On December 30, 1460 Richard of York was killed in the Battle of Wakerfield. The descendants of
Edward the III that caused the civil

The Contribution of the Supernatural to Richard III Essay
The Contribution of the Supernatural to Richard III
During the Renaissance period people were very superstitious and England on a whole was an
extremely religious country; people believed in both God and the Devil and Heaven and Hell. They
also believed in prophecies, supernatural and curses. A modern audience would have reacted very
differently to the play than a Shakespearean audience. The events contained within Richard III must
have seemed very real to a Shakespearean audience as it depicts the historical events of the rise and
fall of Richard III. For a Shakespearean audience these events happened only a century earlier. To a
modern audience it is viewed as what it is, a dramatisation of a ... Show more content on
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Richard III is a play based upon the dramatisation of history.
The supernatural is an event that depends upon the superseding of the laws of nature, an event
which cannot occur naturally in our world under any circumstances with or without the assistance of
any natural being. Only God, or the Devil, has the power to cause supernatural events to occur.
Richard III deals with supernatural elements such as curses, devils, dreams and witchcraft. I believe
supernatural elements were included in Richard III to add a sense of dread that matches the malice
of Richard, to show that divine nemesis exists. Shakespeare created Richard as a machiavellian who
takes delight in governing through fear and force. He is a character of sheer evil; however
Shakespeare provides a contrast to Richard's villainy via the voices of the female characters.
Margaret and Anne contribute by predicting the dire consequences of Richard's acts; they also
express their intense hatred through curses.
The most common use of supernatural by Shakespeare within Richard III is curses. Curses are
magic spells placed upon people with the intention of harm. The desired affect of curses can range
from illness to death. Curses are commonly associated

A Leader Is An Action Leading A Group Or Organization
What is leadership? It is defined as being an action leading a group or organization. It involves
being able to take control of certain situations, and leading in the correct direction. Being a leader
takes great knowledge and skill. It involves one being able to make smart decisions in order for
his/her congregation to come out as successful. A leader must also know, that it is wise to have
people in his/her corner to advise them of good or bad decisions. President Barack Obama has his
Vice–President, Joe Biden, along with his elite White House staff, including the Secretary of State,
to help with major decisions that could affect the nation. Pastors have deacons who help them lead
their congregation, or church, in the right path of reaching others, who are seeking for help and
prayer in time of need. A leader must know that it is wise to have the correct people in his/her corner
to keep them on track, in order to not falter. If failing becomes even possible for a leader, it can
cause a catastrophic outcome for his/her followers. In Shakespeare's play Richard II, we learn of a
great king who chooses not to listen to the wise people in his corner, and see the outcome of his
choices. In Richard II, we see the slow downfall of King Richard's reign over England. One of the
first incidents that went against the king, was the banishment of Bolingbroke and Mobray. Before
their banishment, there were issues between both men. Bolingbroke

The Battle of Bosworth Field and its Effect on Government...
The Battle of Bosworth Field took place on 22 August 1485; it was between the army of Henry
Tudor, Earl of Richmond and King Richard III. It was the 16th and penultimate battle of the War of
the Roses. It was crucial to the outcome to the war and the history of the world to come. The battle
of Bosworth Field effected England, through the military, as peace was brought to England after
centuries of war, politically as Henry VII came to the crown, beginning the Tudor dynasty, with
Henry VII revolution of Government, and Socially with the reformation of the Church in England
with a split from the Catholic Church.
The War of the Roses were a series of Civil Wars from 1455 – 1487, they were fought between the
House of York and the House of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Henry Tudor left France on August 1 with 2,000 men and gathered more men as he travelled
through Wales; by the time of battle on the 22nd of August he had a 5,000 strong army (Hickman,
2009). Richard III had an army of 10,000 men. Henry had sent messengers to Lord Stanley and Sir
William Stanley requesting assistance, they both agreed to desert Richard III during the battle.
When both Stanleys swapped sides, this turned the numbers in favour of Henry's army. The battle
only lasted approximately 2 hours ending with Richard's death and Henry Tudor, despite being 13th
in line for the crown at the time, was crowned King Henry VII.
Richard's army charged downhill to meet Henry's. The Stanley's observed from the south before
joining Henry in battle, being able to overwhelm Richard III army (Hickman, 2009). It is not
completely certain where the battle took place but it is thought to have been near Dadlington and
Ambion hill (as seen below).
The main military effects of the battle of Bosworth Field were that it brought to an end centuries of
conflict; before the decades long War of the Roses the Hundred Years war took place between
England and France, the English people on the whole were tired of fighting and most accepted
Henry as King, a small army fought under the name of York in 1487 in the final battle of the War of
the Roses but were defeated (Gormley, 2008).. Along with the end to

Wars Of The Roses
The Wars of the Roses, fought in England during the 15th century, was a critical juncture in the
history of England, as it determined the future of England's throne. The Wars of the Roses were not
just one single conflict, but several (hence the name Wars not War) in England during the later half
of the 15th century. The conflict is typically though to stem from the conflicting ambitions of the
York and Lancaster families to control the English throne. The notion that The Wars of the Roses
were a power struggle over the English throne is an obvious one to come to. Given the turbulence
surrounding control of the throne, as well as the violent nature by which Kings were often replaced
during this time it is easy to assume that the conflict was ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Such an analysis of the conflict is an easy one to assume based on the nature in which power
shifted hands between the Lancaster and the York families during the time of the Wars of the Roses,
however assuming the conflict was caused simply by two families fighting each other fails to
consider much deeper root causes. If one examines the successful rule of Lancaster King Henry V
compared to the ineffective rule of his son Henry VI it becomes obvious that weak rule, not a thirst
for power was the catalyst behind the York challenge to the throne. Henry V faced no real
challenges to his authority during his successful rule; Henry VI was eventually deposed after his
rule saw the decline of England. Furthermore, given the shifting alliances of nobles, such as the Earl
of Warwick, it is clear that supporting ones' own kinsman was not the central factor in who nobles
backed during the war. If the war was the result of family rivalry one would except family ties to be
a crucial factor. Lastly the notion that the conflict stemmed from the York family wanting to take
control of the throne away from the Lancaster family can be easily attributed to later Tudor
propaganda. The works of William Shakespeare would paint the York claims to power as self
serving, which would go own to be

The Battle Of Lancaster And The House Of York Ending The...
The battle of Bosworth was the last battle of major significance for the House of Lancaster and the
House of York ending the civil Wars of the Roses. [5] Henry Tudor, Earl of Richmond brought in the
house of Tudor closing the Plantagenet dynasty.[5] The ending of the wars put to rest the feudalism
because of the great loss of property and lives of the nobles making it difficult to protest against the
strength of the Tudor monarchy. The problem came about from financial and social trouble that
followed the hundred years of war, along with the weak ruler ship of Henry VI. Richard in his first
and only parliament wanted three main areas of legislation to be covered: the ratification of himself
as king, passing of acts of attainder ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
David's.[3] A struggle between the House of York and the house of Lancaster broke out; which
became a series of wars known as The War of the Roses. The kingship was based on the royal
bloodline and the kings relied upon the support of the powerful Lords to keep their position. [5]
Both Henry Tudor and Richard III believed each had claims to the English throne as they were both
descended from Edward III.[2] Henry Lancastrian's claim to the throne was from Edward III's son,
John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster.[2] In 1339 Henry of Bolingbroke; John's son imprisoned,
Richard II who was the son of Edward, the Black Prince..[2] Henry IV became king, passing his
crown to his son Henry V who passed the crown to Henry VI. Henry VI was becoming unpopular,
due to corruption within his government, his policy of peace with France and the economic situation
in

The Hundred Years War Essay
The Hundred Years War The Hundred Years' War was a war between England and France in which
France defended its' crown against British rule. This war had a great impact on the people of each
country.
The origin of the war goes back to the conquest of William for England. In 1066
William, the Duke of Normandy, led an army into England. He won this battle and became the king
of England. This was possible under feudalism. Feudalism is a form of social classification in which
the members of an upper class are granted fifes, or pieces of land, by higher ranking noblemen
return for their military service. The vassal, the person receiving the land, had to go through
ceremony in which they would say that they would be ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He seized Mortimer and hung him the next morning. He left Mortimer's body hanging for 2 days
and nights. Isabella was treated more carefully. She was imprisoned and confined to several castles
for life (16). In 1337 Edward III would return to France to claim what he felt what was rightfully
his. (Time Life 17).
On October 19, 1337, Edward III drafted a document to Philip of Valois that said that Edward was
the rightful king of France and that Edward would no longer pay homage to Philip of the French
lands that he owned. This letter was given to him by
Henry Burghersh, the bishop of England. Philip just sat back and smiled and prepared for war (Time
Life 17). Edward drafted this document because he disagreed with the way that Philip was ruling the
land that he owned. There were dukes and lords appointed by
Philip to rule over the lands of Edward III. Edward wanted to rule them himself. The two tried to
work out their differences, but failed. This situation was made more awkward because of other
economic problems between the 2 countries. England and France depended on each other. France
was England's main supplier of salt and France depended on England for wool. English also held the
port at Bordeaux in France enabling them to control transportation along the English Channel.
Philip of Valois wanted to control the sea traffic so he began to form links with Scotland, England's

What Were The Wars Of The Roses And How Did It Affected...
The Wars of the Roses were a series of battles fought in England between the cadet houses of
Lancaster and York from the Plantagenet Dynasty. It would be a struggle for power during a thirty
year period that would last from 1455 to 1487 ( Deary and Brown, Measly Middle Ages 142 ).
These series of wars greatly affected English history in several ways. In this text it will be shown
that the Wars of the Roses changed England politically, by bringing in the Tudor Dynasty, which
would reign over England from 1485 to 1603 ( Deary and Brown, Terrible Tudors 7 ). The Wars of
the Roses were ignited due to social and financial problems after the Hundred Years War. The
Hundred Years War was an 116 year war, between the English and the French, lasting from ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In this war the English lost important territory to France. The aftermath of this war, alongside the
weak rule and mental incapacity of Henry VI, triggered this war. There were various relatives ( see
Figure 1 ) of Henry VI who saw this as a chance to gain power over the kingdom. In 1460 Henry VI
was seen unfit to rule after a mental breakdown due to his losses in the Hundred Years War. Richard
duke of York was to act as a regent on his behalf until the king recovered. This started the Wars of
the Roses, and on 10 June 1460, Henry VI was taken prisoner by Richard Duke of York, only to be
saved again by forces loyal to Margaret of Anjou ( Henry's wife ). However, in 1461, the king was
deposed, due to the war at Towton, to which he lost to Edward IV (Richard's son). This led to Henry
VI suffering another mental breakdown, and despite Margarets efforts, in 1465 Edward had him
locked up in the Tower of

Henry V, By William Shakespeare
The Real Henry V Through the play Henry V, by William Shakespeare, Henry is portrayed as a King
who is well organized, and in complete control of his command. In the end of the play a different
personality of King Henry is exposed. Catherine's King Henry is vulnerable, and almost begging
Catherine to be his wife. This Henry that is trying to woo Catherine doesn't seem like the real Henry,
he seems vulnerable, and self–conscious. When examining Henry throughout the play he is in
control, his moves are strategically planned. The Henry that comes to life at the end of the play is
not the Henry the audience has come to know, he is disheveled and at Catherine's mercy. The real
Henry the play describes is not the Henry from the end of the play. The Henry that begs Catherine
for her hand in marriage seems like a different person than the Henry V that is a pillar of strength
and in control for the rest of the play. The real Henry is in complete control, his every move is
strategic, and planned. In the end his begging Catherine might be part of his elaborate plan to gain
control of France which was his ultimate goal. King Henry V declares rights to the throne of France.
He declares war and a right to the throne of France. When dealing with the face of war, and Talking
to his men he is in control and expects them to live up to the legacy their fathers left to them.
"Whose blood is fet from fathers of war proof/ Fathers that like so many Alexanders?"
(Shakespeare, 3.1.18–19 1504.)

War Of The Roses: The War Of The Roses
The start of the War of the Roses was in 1377, King Edward III died, and his son, Edward "The
Black Prince" died a year before him. The heir to throne was named Richard II, The Black Prince's
son, skipping an entire generation as The Black Prince had bothers as well, and this skip lead
lingering claims to the throne. In 1399, Richard II was deposed from the throne by Henry IV, a
Lancaster. The Lancaster's rule was cemented till 1422, when Henry V died in a military camp,
leaving an infant Henry VI on the throne. Henry VI ruled the throne for a number of years before
being opposed by Richard of York. Richard of York managed to succeed in getting him and his sons
to being heirs to the throne, but Richard of York was killed, and in 1461 Edward

Edward The Vikings Achievements
After Alfred the Great and his son successfully ruled England, many of the kings that followed them
were not as successful. Eventually, under the rule of Ethelred, the Vikings took over England again.
As the years progressed, and the Anglo–Saxons lived together with the Vikings, they began to all
began to think of themselves as English. This understanding meant no more Viking troubles, right?
Well, not exactly. When Edward the Confessor ruled England, he had no sons. Because of this,
several men wanted to inherit the throne. Harold, a nobleman from Wessex, gained support from
many of those in power throughout England. William, the duke of Normandy (in France), thought
that since he was a distant cousin of Edward the people should crown him the next English king.
When Harold's boat shipwrecked on the coast of Normandy, William deviously welcomed Harold
into his castle. He prepared a feast and afterwards made Harold promise he would give the throne to
William. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When William heard the news, he immediately sent a message to Harold demanding that William
abdicate the throne. Harold refused. In response, William sailed with his army across the English
Channel and prepared for battle. After fighting the Danes, Harold heard of William's arrival. He
immediately took his battle weary men down to the shores at Hastings. The English fought bravely,
and it appeared they would win, but in the end, the Normans killed Harold. As a result, William won
the English crown. William gave his men land and castles in England. Foreigners once again ruled
England. William was dubbed "William the Conqueror," and the people buried Harold under the
epitaph of "Harold, the

History Of King Richard IIi Of England
History is not all that it is "cracked up to be." If a person believes himself/herself to be logical, it is
easy to assume that researchers of history and authors of historical works are ethical and do their
best. This is not a conclusion that is borne out by the facts. The case of the written history of King
Richard III of England is an outstanding example of the lack of adequate research and actual perfidy
on the part of historians. Richard III reigned for a brief period in the late 15th century, 26 June 1483
to 22 August 1485. He was the last Yorkist king and the last of the Plantagenet kings. He traced his
ancestry to William the Conquerer. He was also the last English king to die in battle. He was
succeeded on the throne by Henry the VII, the first of the Tudor line who ruled England for the next
118 years. With the death of Richard there were, for all intents and purposes, no Yorkist contenders
for the throne. (There were a couple of incidents with pretenders, but these were quickly and
violently put down.) As a result, Henry was able to concentrate on his duties as king. As monarchs
and heads of state do right up to the present, Henry made sure he was presented in the best light
possible, and that Richard was portrayed as a really bad guy. It seems as if this got a little out of
hand, and there is no question that Henry and his successors did nothing to rein in the writers of the
time. Chief among these authors was none other than William Shakespeare,

The Deposition of Richard II in Richard II by William...
The Deposition of Richard II in Richard II by William Shakespeare
Richard II is the first play of Shakespeare's four–part
History Tetraology. It tells the story of Richard II's deposition and Bolingbroke's rise to power.
There are numerous reasons for Richard's fall. He went off to war and left his kingdom vaulnerable.
Richard disregarded the advice of his elders. He even went so far as to steal Bolingbroke's
inheritance. As
Richard lost the support of the nobles and lords, Bolingbroke gained their support. Bolingbroke used
this support to depose king Richard II.
After the banishment of Bolingbroke, Richard quickly gets back to business and makes plans to go
to war in Ireland. There are rebels in Ireland and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The bad omen immediately seems to come true. Upon Richard's seizure of Gaunt's land,
Northumberland, Ross, and Willoughby all decide to turn against him. This action also spurs his
loyal uncle York to begin a process of self–questioning that will eventually lead him to
Bolingbroke's side. In scene 2 of act 2 Green enters with news that Bolingbroke has landed in
England and has an army with him. This is unfortunate news for Richard, since he is in Ireland with
his royal army and no one is present in England to challenge Bolingbroke. The bad news doesn't
stop there. As Bolingbroke marched across England, many other English lords have joined his army.
Northumberland, his son Henry Percy, Lord Ross, Lord Willoughby, and other lords have defected.
In Act 3 Lord Salisbury enters and delivers even more bad news to Richard. The day before,
Richard's army of Wales heard that Richard was dead. They dispersed and fled to Bolingbroke's
side. Richard now must deal with the fact that he has no army. Act 3 is a point of no turning back for
Bolingbroke. Bushy and Green, two of Richard's most loyal followers, are executed. This
demonstrates the escalation of events that could lead to war. Richard's followers have either left his
side or have been killed. Bolingbroke is left with no choice but to continue his path towards the
throne. In scene 4 of act 3, Queen Isabel learns the truth of what is happening. She overhears
gardeners talking

The Complications Of The Relations Between Henry VI And...
Unsolved issues and the complications of the relations between the House of Lancaster and the
House of York initiated the government's main struggle: no heir to the throne. The main struggle of
the War of the Roses was the feud between the house of York (symbolized by a white rose) and the
house of Lancaster (symbolized by a red rose) (J. Lacey, 2012). Henry VI led the house of the house
of Lancaster; On the other hand, Richard of York led the house of York. Although both houses share
Edward II as their ancestor, they fought over the throne and thus, the War of Roses developed.
However, Henry VI had the legitimate right to throne, but unlike his father, were weak and a poor
leader. This situation became worse when the people surrounding Henry

William Shakespeare 's Henry V
In times where kings were references to God, and tariffs were set upon to pardon sins. In which the
Great Chain of being dictated the order
on to which place you ought to be or were born into. William
Shakespeare's Henry V, narrates the story of one of England's greatest monarchs. Shakespeare,
exploits a specific time period in
Medieval History, The battle of Agincourt, France versus England, in
Henry's lead to what we sought and claimed the French Crown, to whom he was denied his but later
culminated on win win in The Battle of Agincourt, and in his marriage with Katherine of France,
King Charles VI daughter.
Shakespeare who's considered to be a liberal Christian for some scholars, decides to incorporate a
dualist personality on ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
of the Great Chain of Being's first principle is sought to be that everything is a hierarchy, and the
higher you are in the chain the nearest you are to
God. As for to be expressed in the play, King Henry V is the nearest
to God in England. Furthermore, when talked about the King, one must
relinquish itself in obedience to whatever the King would decide on.
In this excerpt, Shakespeare makes a clear distinction on the closeness of the King to the lord, our
God. However, Renaissance
Humanism, goes past the adulation of the King, on to terms of precisely self–concern and humane
reason, lack of praise for actions sought as to be the Kings qualities. This is why when Shakespeare
presents the Archbishop of
Canterbury talking to the Bishop of Ely, regarding a bill, he doesn 't
want to be passed, because it will affect the church's monetary situation, his mortal reason takes the
first place, in trying to manipulate the King, no praise, no adulation, only raw human control
among another at first when Arch. Of Canterbury states his main real
interest, the church possessions "It must be taught on. If pass it

against us, we lose the better have of our possessions" (ACT I,
Scene I, Lines 7–8). In addition to this, there is some adulation in
accordance with the Great Chain of Being, but just partially, because

How Does Richard's Quest To Become King
Richard III by W. Shakespeare (1592) & "Now: In the Wings on a World Stage," Jeremy Whelehan,
dir. (2014) 1.Critics argue that the quote "The ends justify the means" best exemplifies Richard's
quest to become king. Support this idea by using examples from the play. In Richard's mind he
thinks a good outcome excuses any wrongs committed to attain it. The ends justify the means
explained Richard the third incredibly in his mind he did nothing wrong his main quest was to get
on top and did do anything to get there. Richard's arrogance also thinks that because he will become
king all of his wrongdoings will be forgotten and no one will remember him for being the king that
killed his way to the throne but instead the best thing around. There are many examples of this in the
play that show Richard has killed two take another leap forward towards the throne. No matter
whether or not these killings drive Richard to take the steps he does, the murdering innocent people
cannot be justified. The most vicious of these killings is the murder of the two princes the children
of king Edward. Shakespeare gives the peruser a sickening speech portraying the "ruthless
butchery", saying the princes were "fleshed villains, bloody dogs"( shakespeare 1592) In doing as
such, the killings that is ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The main theme of this play is "home" or the discovery of there real home.The "final" song they all
come together to sing on the streets of washington heights, Carla Daniela Nina Camila Vanessa,
Sonny Kevin and some others all yell "I home". And also in the main point of the song when Usnavi
is singing he said "But I ain't goin' back because I'm telling your story And I can say goodbye to you
smilin', I found my island I been on it this whole time I'm home!"( lin–manuel Miranda 2007) this
main point of the song states the main theme of the whole play which was finding their "home"
which was washington heights all

The Causes Of History : The War Of The Roses
Starting in 1455 a series of wars, later called the War of the Roses, began for the throne of England.
For a total of thirty three years the House of Lancaster and the House of York fought for the right to
rule. Neither party thought that the other had the right qualifications to lead the country through
battle, keep the economy stable, and rule with a strong hand. As a result, the War of the Roses
began. How can there be a war over the throne when, in England, it's an hereditary monarch,
meaning it stays in the family? Well King Richard II did not name an heir and Henry IV murdered
him and became king. Then doesn't that make Henry IV king since he killed Richard II? Well, yes it
does, but this is where the fighting starts. Richard, Duke of York, challenged Henry VI's right to the
throne saying that Henry IV's descendants have no right to the throne because he took the position
unlawfully. Henry VI fled the kingdom and for nine years Richard IV ruled.In 1470, Henry IV came
back with an army and became ruler again for a brief period of time and Richard IV gained power
back. In 1483, Richard IV died and Richard V was supposed to become king but because he was
still a child his uncle became temporary ruler. While Richard, Duke of Gloucester was regent he set
up martial law and sent away Richard V and his brother to the London Tower where they
disappeared mysteriously, which most believed they were murdered. Since they were out of the
picture Richard, Duke of Gloucester

Edward Ii
'Edward II plantagenet King of England,
Whose incompetence and distaste for government finally led to
His deposition and murder.'
The Elizabethan drama, Christopher Marlowe's, Edward the Second is, according to Aristotle's
definition of the word, a tragedy. That is to say it concerns the fall of a great man because of a
mistake he has made or a flaw in his character. During this essay I will demonstrate how this
definition of tragedy applies to Edward II.
Edward II was king of England, and reigned from 1307 to 1327, as a prince he had developed a
close, possibly homosexual, relationship with a base commoner of very low social standing named
Piers de Gaveston. The young prince's father Edward I, also known as Edward the Longshanks ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The nobles demand Gaveston's banishment and threaten civil war when they are not only ignored
but also tyrannised and mocked and forced to bow to a,
'Base commoner' Edward eventually allows this banishment to be re–imposed but changes his mind
at the last minute. When the Earls can take no more, a battle is fought. Edward loses and takes
sanctuary in a monastery. However, he is seen and arrested, his favourites are executed and after
being cruelly treated and deposed Edward is executed. Mortimer takes power as protector over
Edward the third, but is then executed himself by Edward the third. Edward III then places his head
on Edward the seconds coffin as a warning to all thinking of attempting a similar act of treachery.
The reasons for Edwards's downfall are complex and intricate, but I believe can be divided into
three basic categories, Edwards relationship with those around him, his personality and the
advantage to others such as Mortimer attained because of Edwards's downfall. However short–lived
they

Essay about The Passing of the Crown by Shakespeare's...
The Passing of the Crown by Shakespeare's Henries
In his histories from Richard II through Henry V to Richard III, Shakespeare depicts the English
monarchy as a game between family and friends of vying for a gold ring –– the crown. Shakespeare
gives his reader a central metaphor through which to see this equation in King Henry IV part one.
The prank Prince Hal, later King Henry V, and his friend, Poins, play on their friends, particularly
Falstaff, parallels the plot's focal passing of the crown.
In the first act, Poins outlines his plan to play a prank on Falstaff and their other friends to Prince
Hal, "They [Falstaff and others] will adventure upon the exploit [of stealing money from travelers]
themselves, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The justification Falstaff gives for allowing his appropriated prize to be appropriated from him
without a fight is that he "instinctively" knew that his thief's identity was one with a divine
connection. This is exactly the story all kings, especially new ones like to pawn off on their new
subjects in order to win them over. That is, that God is on their side, otherwise they would not have
achieved the crown. It would be to Falstaff's advantage, having just lost the metaphoric crown (the
money), to give its new possessor a story which overtly flatters and supports him. Furthermore,
though Prince Hal initially re–admits his victim, Falstaff, into his group of friends after tricking him,
ultimately Hal denies him, saying, "I know thee not, old man" (Henry IV part two V.v.50). This is
identical to the behaviors of Bolingbroke toward Richard II in Richard II, and Prince John toward
the rebels (lead by the Archbishop of York and Lord Mowbray) in Henry IV part two. Both pretend
to be friendly to their opposition at first, but really only do so to maintain their own positioning. As
soon as it is maintained, they turn.
Shakespeare's representation of the coming and going of monarchs as a game manifests itself in his
choice of words as well. In all three of the consecutive Henry plays the concept of "winning" is
applied to the acquisition of the throne, a word which equally applies to beating everyone else in a
game. For the last, and

The Death Of Edward II
It was 1307 and Edward I who was sixty eight at the time of his death would now pass the throne to
his son Edward II. Edward II who was "Lord of Caernarfon, prince of Wales, duke of Aquitaine, earl
of Chester and count of Pontheiu" would now inherit a war with Scotland from his father. Edward II
was rather a particular fellow with unusual hobbies that he showed throughout his reign. Evidence
points that Edward II may have had a relationship with Piers Gaveston, but also he had been
banished from the kingdom by his father Edward I. This incident or should I say interest in men
would become one of the biggest problems throughout all of his reign. Piers Gaveston was disliked
very much by parliament and several times was banished by Edward I during his reign. Edward II
would also come to marry Isabella the "daughter of Phillip IV" , which in the end led to the end of
his reign, but before we get to that, there was also a man named Hugh Despenser that would become
an affectionate friend for Edward II after Piers Gaveston death. Piers Gaveston caused much trouble
for Lancaster and Warwick. He was hated by them significantly that in 1312 he was captured and
executed by them and it caused much pain for the king who loved Gaveston much. Edward II losing
his best friend and possibly lover was forced to now rely more on his queen, Isabella, which would
prove to improve the relationship of both them during their brief time reigning together. Isabella
loved Edward II very much, but

Machiavelli And William Shakespeare's View Of The King
Shakespeare's view of the crown is that of royal incompetence, tyrannical behavior, and years of
discontentment for the people being resided over. Richard II tells the story of a tyrannical king
whose fate is sealed by a loyal noble, which was the typical way politics existed in sixteenth–
century England. Regicide and usurpers became a familiar aspect of this story, and the enemy is the
one who has pledged their allegiance to the court. This is just a few of the pitfalls of the English
government seen in this story, that ultimately led to Richard II's demise. In this play, he is matched
against Henry Bolingbroke, a man who had a rightful claim on Richards life, a man who can only be
described as a true Machiavellian. In The Prince, a set ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This decision is sure to lead to his ruin because it was known to Bolingbroke and his father Gaunt,
that the king was involved in the murder of Thomas of Woodstock. Shakespeare shows that a king
who is merciful, is not industrious, instead very incompetent for not putting an end to both parties
that know of his treachery. Shakespeare goes on the show that Richard does not take counsel from
those who have the experience and knowledge to further his rule, much like when he decided to
banish Mowbry and Bolingbroke, that decision was done by himself, without hearing any advice or
taking heed of what the consequences might be. Even Gaunt had tried to help Richard even on his
deathbed he says that his "life's counsel would not hear" but hoped that his "death's sad tale may yet
undeaf his ear" (II.i pg 401).Machiavelli points out that a prince who inherits the throne, like
Richard, is the most enabled to keep and maintain his power, he who has connections and had
witnessed those who succeeded him, for it is "a wise man ought always to follow the paths beaten
by great men, and to imitate those who have been supreme" (Machiavelli 28). Richard's arrogance
and lack of rationality to heed the wise man's words are predictable, the steady progression of
incompetence proves that England needs a Machiavellian rule, instead of one who prefers flatterers
advice. This damnation of self that is seen

The Portrayal of Socially Destructive and Over-Ambitious...
Richard, the main character of the Shakespeare's play, Richard III is portrayed as socially
destructive and politically over–ambitious. His destructive potential is depicted by the way he
relates with the other protagonists in the play and also by what he confesses as his intentions.
Richard's political ambition is revealed through his strategic calculations based on the order of birth
in his York family which puts him third away from the throne. Ahead of him is his elder brother,
George Clarence, a barrier which will have to eradicate. His brother, King Edward, is another
political barrier, by simply being alive, in power and equally by being the father of the two young
princes . Richard's creates a political mistrust between his two ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
"Whereas the senecan tyrant rages against virtue in the name of ambition, or lust, R.B.Pierce argues
that Richard, 'like the formal vice, Iniquity' (III.i.82), thrives by an ironic detachment from all the
standards of traditional morality including the claims of the family" (Robert.B.Pierce, 1971:90–91)
Shakespeare in his play, Richard III, added a physical deformity to incite people to see his plays. A
both deformed and mobile character was found to be a scary monster. To begin with, he invites the
audience to his unhappy life despite the fact that the no one pays attention to him because others
neither find him handsome nor sexually appealing. Richard is not eye–catching due to physical
deformity which he vividly describes as the cause of his misfit, and therefore acquires himself the
status of a victim. No one pays attention to him because others neither find him handsome nor
sexually appealing. But he magnetizes the audience, makes them complicit of his own deeds and
dares it to look away. However, as he unfolds his intentions, towards the end of the first soliloquy,
the audience is awestruck at how many sordid deeds he is capable of. We are also rendered helpless
for we cannot warn his potential victims of the danger which awaits them, but we are captives of
Richard's rhetorical language that generates a special

King John And The Barons
During and after the time of the Norman kings, English monarchs would a call for a Great Council.
It is the Great Council that will evolve into Parliament. It was an assembly of church leaders, such
as archbishops, bishops, abbots. As well as powerful members of the landowning nobility like
barons and earls to address the important affairs of the realm.became hopeless for it to rule
effectively. The conflict between King John and the barons is a major instance of what happens
when the system of consultation and consent was ignored. The results of which would start the
lowering the authority of the king and the rise of Parliament. The idea of popular consent to royal
government emerged in the thirteenth century during the reign of King John from 1199 to 1216. He
was the youngest of the five sons of King Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine. Being the
youngest boy, he was not expected to inherit a large amount of land. After his older brothers' failed
rebellion between 1173 and 1174, John became the favored child of his father. He was given the title
"Lord of Ireland" in 1177 and received lands in both England and English lands on the European
continent. When most of his elder brothers died young, John's brother Richard, became king 1189
after the death of their father. John was a potential heir to the throne. While his brother was off
fighting in the Holy Land with the Third Crusade, John attempted a rebellion against Richard 's
administrators which failed. When

War Of 1812 Affected Susanna
How has the war of 1812 affected Susanna? This war has completely changed everything about her
life and how she lived. Susanna lived all the earlier years of her life with war. She was always
having to worry about how her dad and brother were doing, or if she would wake up being British,
American or Canadian. She always had to be so focused on this war and everything that was going
on in it. Everything she did was effected by the war. This war has affected Susanna completely.
Susanna has a loving, caring brother and an amazing dad. She loves spending time with them. But
when they have to go to war, she couldn't ever bear parting with them for such a long while.
Susanna and the rest of the women in the household are always worrying about how the men are
doing. If they are even still alive. Susanna always worries about the updates and pray they will be
updates that will be from Papa and Hamilton not from a messenger saying that they no longer exist.
The men left and nothing much remaining is as it seemed. And even the men weren't too excited to
go to war and leave everything behind. "I do not want to go to war, but if we have to do one, I am
glad to do my duty." ~ Hamilton Merritt ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When they leave, it tears a bit of her apart, she doesn't want these beloved family members to leave.
Susanna isn't the only one who want the men back. All the women living in that house including but
not limited to Marie & Mama. If your dad and brother or just a really close family member went
away for a long time and you wouldn't see them or really be in contact with them for a long while
and while they were gone they had a huge risk of being killed, that wouldn't be easy. Susanna
receives letters from her father but very brief ones. He explained that he and Hamilton were ok so
far but he told them not to write back unless it was an emergency as it was hard to locate them and
they were always

The Tragedy of King Richard the Second: The Garden of the...
Shakespeare's plays are not always easy to define how a particular scene contributes to the overall
picture of the play. Looking only at the surface of the gardening scene in act 3, scene 4, the reader
merely acquires that the gardeners are speaking about binding the apricots and plucking the weeds
at the Duke of York's palace. However, the gardening essentially represents a metaphor for the rule
and management of the kingdom under King Richard II. It becomes important to examine a scene
such as this one to gain insight on what Shakespeare wants to convey. In this case, Shakespeare
desires to reveal the perspective of the common man and the type of rule King Richard II has over
the people of England. The gardeners, who act as a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
30–31). In this command, Shakespeare is referring to King Richard's nobles as the "unruly
children". These nobles are bringing King Richard down by providing advice to him that damages
his rule and England's people. Therefore, the nobles need to be tied up to stop bringing Richard's
potential reign down.
The speech continues in scene 4, act 3 by the gardener's suggestions in concerns to the rule of
England. The next metaphor in the gardener's speech refers to trimming the sprays so that all is
equal:
Go thou, and like an executioner,
Cut off the heads of too fast growing sprays,
That look too lofty in our commonwealth:
All must be even in our government. (3.4.34–37)
In this, the gardener is commanding that the second man trim the tops of the high plants. In this way,
the higher stems will become equal with the others and all plants will be at a shared height. The
metaphorical analysis to this speech is that the gardener wants an execution or death of the higher
nobles, the Earl of Wiltshire, Bushy, and Greene. By this, the gardener believes that England will
become equal and fair. Through both of these metaphorical images through the garden, blame is
being forced upon Richards's nobles and their influence over him.
Similarity, the gardener's speech ends with the appointed blame on the nobles, "You thus employ'd, I
will go root away/The noisome weeds, which without profit suck/The soil's fertility from
wholesome flowers" (3.4. 38–40). Here,

Analysis Of Richard III : In Defense Of A Villain
In Defense of a Villain
Richard III is the story of a villain who will commit unspeakable crimes in order to attain power.
However, it is important to remember that it is just that, a story. Shakespeare wrote to entertain, and
sometimes in order to captivate an audience, history must be embellished. For example, the events
on which the play is based span 14 years, although the runtime of the play seems to suggest that it
all took place within a few months. Even though this play is classified as historical, it fits more in
the historical fiction genre as Shakespeare bases it on actual events but takes artistic liberties with
his characters. In Richard III, due to the political climate of his time, Shakespeare characterizes
Richard as ruthless and power hungry in order to paint the Tudor dynasty in a superior light.
The events depicted in Shakespeare's Richard III depict a dramatized end to the famed War of the
Roses. This war was the conflict between two branches of the House of Plantagenet, who ruled
England from 1216–1485. The House of Plantagenet is descended from Henry III, who ruled from
1216–1275. However, after the reign of Henry III's great–great–grandson, Richard II the Plantagenet
family split into the rival houses of Lancaster and York. The crown of England swung back and
forth from 1445 to 1461. Then Edward IV, a member of the House of York, brought relative peace to
the Kingdom, until 1483 when he unexpectedly died of pneumonia. The young Edward V then

Richard III King Flaws
Shakespeare's plays that deal with historical accounts of kings often show the flaws that the reigning
king had. From King John to Henry VIII, Shakespeare paints an image of a king whose flaws lead to
their eventual downfall. Shakespeare's Richard II is no different, in that context, from his other
historical plays. He highlights the flaws of the reigning king while he highlights the virtues of an
individual that is below the king in terms of status. By highlighting the flaws of the king,
Shakespeare aims to dissolve the idea of a perfect king. An image that was prevalent in that time
period. The image of a perfect king was accepted in part because of the concept of ideal kingship. A
concept that Shakespeare challenges in Richard II. What separates ... Show more content on
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Initially, Richard was able to exert his authority over his nation. Neither Mowbray nor Bolingbroke
questioned or challenged Richard when he banished them. However, as the play progressed and
Richard's tyrannical behavior increased, he was unable to exert his authority as a king. Once
Richard stole Bolingbroke's property, the public's opinion of him changed drastically. They no
longer viewed him as a competent ruler but as a person that harshly used their power. When he
needed the help and support from his nation and troops, the troops deserted him. The troops possibly
knew that Richard's behavior along with Bolingbroke encroaching on the territory would certainly
ensure defeat. If Richard had authority over the troops, they would have been more loyal to the king
for fear that he would have brought harm to them. Bolingbroke returning to England showed that
the authority that Richard once held had been greatly diminished. Bolingbroke no longer feared any
consequences that would come from him returning. If Richard had exercised his authority properly,
Bolingbroke would have not returned and would not have deposed him. The fact that these events
occurred shows that Richard was no longer in a position of power, therefore, he could not act as the
authoritative king he should have. The loss of his authority showed that at that moment Richard was
a king and at the same time not a king (Forker

Similarities Between Richard III And The Grand Inquisitor
Even though William Shakespeare's Richard III and Fyodor Dostoevsky's The Grand Inquisitor
depict both title characters as strong men who manipulate those surrounding them, both men have
different interests which drive them to act. While Richard III utilizes his wit to deceive people and
claim the throne of England, the Grand Inquisitor acts to provide security for mankind by imposing
the new directive of the Church, one forcing people to surrender freedom for safety. With such
motives, both characters act to ensure their domination over those who are weak and therefore must
comply with their ideas to control all. Although Richard recognizes that his actions are villainous,
the Grand Inquisitor believes that his doings will benefit humanity. In the beginning of the play,
Richard describes his hatred of the current peacetime present in England. Since peace now exists
between the houses of York and Lancaster with Richard's brother Edward IV on the throne, Richard
cannot utilize his battle skills, and grows bored. As a result, his boredom drives him to create chaos,
which he mentions when he tells the audience that "since I cannot prove a lover to entertain these
fair well–spoken days, I am determinèd to prove a villain and hate the idle pleasures of these days"
(1.1.28–31) . With such a desire for chaos, Richard orchestrates the downfall of ... Show more
Such terror allows for the Grand Inquisitor to maintain full control over the population.
Additionally, the citizens have security through the actions of the Church, and refuse to give it up
for uncertainty. This ensures that the Grand Inquisitor maintains influence over people's lives, since
no rebellion occurs because every citizen has their desired

Compare And Contrast The Kings And Queens In Medieval England
Kings and queens in Medieval England Which kings or queens in Medieval England do you know
the most? Since Norman Dynasty to Windsor Dynasty, there were forty–two different kings and
queens ruled the Medieval England (Medieval). Every queen and kings have many different kinds of
life, their experience were not the same as the other kings and queens, so I chose three kings and
queens in Medieval England.The life of William 1, Edward 1, and Elizabeth 1. Their life and
childhood were very different from each other. William 1 had a poor childhood, but a successful
king's life.When he was a child, he was being known as "William the Bastard" for his enemy
because his parents never get married. When he grows up, he was always very successful and he had
a professional and skillful army. The most important business was happening in Norman Dynasty is
when William the first ruled the England was the Battle of Hastings. ... Show more content on
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Edward 1 became one of the greatest Plantagenet kings.But he was an inpatient and violent king. In
1265 at the battle of Evesham in , he showed his main military prowess in fighting with Simon,
when he won the fight, he didn't stop and rest, he was still wanted to give him a hard time and
torment Simon de Montfort and his family who was his cousin.Edward 1, was a good warrior and
leader, he respected other, he asked his knights and townsman about his decision.In 1298 (Edward).
Edward 1 is a kind king in England, he won't make his decision without others permission, even
though he was a king, that is why Edward is the first was one of the greatest Plantagenet

War Of The Roses Essay
The Wars of the Roses was a series of civil wars in England between the royal Houses of Lancaster
and York from 1455–1485. While the Wars have been described by many historians as dynastic,
resulting from the Lancastrian usurpation of the throne in 1399 after the death of Richard II, that
argument rose up in the 1460s after the Wars had already started. The truth of the matter is that here
are multiple reasons for the conflict. First was the administrative failures of the Lancastrian
government of King Henry VI that contributed to an already strained English economy mired in
war–debt and recession. Second was the public perception of corrupt government officials,
particularly the King's inner circle leading to calls for reform. Finally, there was the rise of
aristocratic discord, particularly between Richard, 3rd duke of York, and Edmund Beauford, 4th earl
of Somerset.
In 1437 when King Henry VI of England came into power after having his paternal uncles rule in
his place while he was in minority the Crown was already in a financially precarious position. From
1337 to 1452, England was at war with France and periodically also at war with Scotland resulting
in a financial burden.
To make financial matters worse, England, along with the rest of ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Henry VI's government attempted to reduce costs by terminating the French war, a move criticized
by the English people, but diplomacy also cost money. However, curtailing military expenditure
from 1444 alleviated rather than solved the problems and had disastrous military and financial side
effects. For example, the loss of the Bordeaux wine region resulted in a collapse of the wine trade.
By 1450, the Crown's debt had rocketed from £160,000 to

Maurice Hunt's Analysis
Maurice Hunt's Analysis of Richard the Third in Shakespeare's King Richard III and the
Problematics of Tudor Bastardy dives into the world of succession and legitimacy and politics in the
time of Shakespeare and these histories to provide context and narrative in which Shakespeare uses
this history as a back handed comment to the Plantagenet of the time Queen Elizabeth I, a Tudor.
Maurice Hunt goes into to great detail of the politics of succession and how Richard uses it to his
advantage while Shakespeare. The author of the article places a back drop of how illegitimacy
effected the Tudors even before the time of Ricard III. "Owen Tudor, and Catharine of Valois, the
widow of Henry V, fell in love and had three sons (Edmund, Jasper, and Owen); ... Show more
Withal I did infer your lineaments––Being the right idea of your father, Both in your form and
nobleness of mind. (III.v.84–93)" This verse focusing on Richard's own family itself by Richard's
own orders, trying to Delegitimize his brother Edward, his mother and on the verge of himself being
targeted as delegitimized. Although playing its role in the play, portions of the response were
censored as it was felt it followed her father and the charges brought against him too closely(Hunt).
Without the historical context brought by the Maurice Hunt, this would be lost on me. This furthers
the image of Shakespeare as he showed the thorn on the rose instead of the flower when he
delivered this play, what is supposed to display the Tudors in a bright light. Elizabeth I under legal
status was considered legitimate but many Catholics did not accept the divorce and was considered
illegitimate during the time and most monarchs do not like having their authority challenge. Going
on with how Richard III

The Battle Of The War On France
The Hundred Years War was fought between the armies of England and France beginning in 1337
CE, and eventually leading to a French victory in 1453. The war had a number of consequences,
from England losing the vast majority of its territories in mainland Europe to significantly
advancing European military technology. The origins of the conflict were in a dispute between the
English and the French over the French throne. After Charles IV of France died in 1328, leaving no
male heir behind, he passed the throne to his cousin, Philip of Valois, who was crowned Philip VI.
However, many English believed their young king Edward III had the right to the crown, as his
mother Isabella was Charles's sister. The other cause of the war was the argument between both
sides over Guyenne, a territory that the English had held in France for many years, and which was
very valuable and profitable for the English. Edward III declared war on France because of the
strategic value of Guyenne and to distract the French from Scotland, rather than his personal desire
for the throne.
The French claim to their own throne was largely based on their decision that the crown should not
be passed down to a woman. First of all, there had never previously been any queens of France,
because until then every French ruler had left a male heir behind. In 1316, following the death of
Louis X of France and his infant son John I, there were no more male heirs left, and there was a
question over who would inherit the

The Normandy Kingdom

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