Prochaska Stages Of Change

Prochaska Stages Of Change
Prochaska's stages of change or the Transtheoretical model of change (TTM) uses six different
stages to conceptualize the process of intentional change of behavior (Prochange, 2015). The stages
are precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance and termination.
Precontemplation, the stage where a person is not quite ready to change their behavior, they do not
have any intention to take action in changing their behavior (Pomerantz, 2014). People in this stage
are often unaware of how problematic their problem really is and place emphasis on the cons of
changing behavior and can underestimate the pros of changing their behavior (Pomerantz, 2014).
Contemplation, during this stage people are intending to start changing their ... Show more content
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During the interview with Janessa she states that recently she has become "overwhelmed with life
and the stresses involved and has started using illegal drugs as a way to escape, or self–medicate".
Janessa also says that she knows she "has a problem and acknowledges the fact that she needs to
stop continuing using these drugs", but she is "not sure if she is ready to stop yet because of the
consequences of quitting".
From this interview I would assess that Janessa is in the second stage of the Transtheoretical model
of change. The second stage is the contemplation stage, the statements made by Janessa
acknowledging her problem with drugs but not being sure if she is ready to quit gave me the
indication that she was in the contemplation stage.
In order to help treat Janessa I would help her get ready to move onto the next stage of the model. I
would work with her in order to validate the lack of readiness she possesses to move forward then
encourage her to look at the pros and cons of the situation and evaluate each so that she can have a
positive outlook on the change and move towards achieving a change in behavior and change in
lifestyle to make it positive move
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Theories Of Tuckman's Stages Of Development
STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT the model presented by Tuckman and Jensen "studies "... theory
groups, human relations training or T–Groups, and natural and laboratory –task groups have two
realms–task and interpersonal" (Tuckman & Jensen p. 280). It suggests that team's growth occurs in
stages with each dissimilar through each level of development. Tuckman, identifies four stages of
team development referred to as, forming–which occurs when individuals are introduced and
brought together for a purpose. Storming members' strained relationships and conflict, about
disagreement about a task, vision and/or approach of a shared purpose, norming where
unconsciously or consciously working relationship members come to a consensus. Finally,
performing team expecting

What Is Tuckman's Stages Of Behavior
The cross functional team may go through several different stages of behavior. Tuckman (1965)
team development stages consist of four important forms of team development. The first stage of
forming allows team to have a period of going through rough patches in hopes of finding common
ground with each other. The group member will get a change on strategizing objective and targets.
This usually outlines a conceptual goal for groups as well as organizations. The second stage
becomes storming, questions surrounding leadership, authority, rules, responsibilities, structure,
evaluation criteria and award systems tend to arise during this stage. The norming stage brings
clarity with goals and objective with moving forward of executing plans. The fourth

Freud Developmental Stages
According to our text, Freud believed in five stages of psychosexual development which he termed
oral, anal, phallic, latent, and genital. These stages were important developmental milestones that
individuals needed to successfully pass through without becoming stuck. Freud believed that
specific behavioral occurrences could be traced back to a specific stage in which the person became
fixated (Friedman & Schustack, 2012, p. 68). I will focus on the two stages where one might say
Lohan became fixated: The oral stage, and the genital stage. In the oral stage infants become driven
to satisfy their desires to be fed and they relieve the tension by breast or bottle feeding (Friedman &
Schustack, 2012, p. 67). Healthy individuals are able to

Bruce Tuckman's Four Stages Of Group Development
The Performing stage was the last stage of Bruce Tuckman's four stages of group development until
the 70's when Tuckman felt the importance to create an additional fifth stage to his model the
"adjourning" which became the last stage. A group (shift) reaches the performing when all it
members solves the conflict in the Norming stage therefore had establish the norms of the group and
the members are operate as one. Thus, the group identity is finalized, in our experience it was a
unique one. Usually In this stage, hard work and determination are important factors in achieving
such a stage. In addition, a Significant Progress is Made by the group, they are working at a great
level, The members already established a strong teamwork ethos,

The Four Stages Of Group Development
The four stages of group development are forming, storming, norming, and performing. None of the
stages have to go in a particular order. Forming is the first stage where people join together for a
reason. Our group formed because this class put us together, which was mainly based on the need to
fulfill the goal of passing Small Group Communication and doing a service project together. This
happened when we filled out the sheets about our skills and whom we would and would not like to
work with. We were then all introduced to our new groups in class.
Stage two was next for us. This stage is called storming. This is the tension felt in the group. It is
fine for a group to have tension as long as it is a healthy balance of helpful and unhelpful tension.
There are two different types. The first is primary tension, which is what a group feels when they
first meet. That tension usually goes away over time as the group finds a sense of cohesiveness.
There is also secondary tension, which consists of the stress and strain of dealing with deadlines,
conflicts, and scheduling issues. Our group honestly had a very healthy balance of tension. We all
got along from the very first time we met. I even remember us all saying how happy we were that
we ended up in The Avengers. This continued on even with deadlines, conflicts, and schedules. We
all were very good about being flexible and open to new ideas for the most part. I think that
deadlines just pushed us to work harder and cooperate

Dr. John Norcross's Five Stages Of Change
The five stages of change are precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action and
maintenance. Dr. John Norcross mentions in this video that "everyone comes to a different place"
(Stages of Change in Addiction clip1, 2010, 2:00), and went on to describe what each of these stages
of change entail. Stage One– Precontemplationers, as described by Dr. John Norcross (2010) in the
video, "Don't acknowledge their problems. Historically they have been called people in denial"
(2:04). He made sure to mention that calling it denial is not what it is ethically called anymore. In
this stage it could be called the denial stage, and it could take something like an emotional event of
some sort to possibly break the chains of addiction. The second stage ... Show more content on
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When I used again three years ago, I repented, and started in the action stage and remained there for
five months, then went into the maintenance stage. When I used that night that was all I could think
about for that five months. Every time I got stressed, I wanted to use again. I found myself putting
myself in situations on purpose, with the thought, and intent of using again, but never did thank
God! After I made the commitment to not think that way anymore, I put myself into support groups,
bible studies, counseling, church activities, and my motorcycle ministry's activities more often.
Surrounding myself with motivation and positivity. This stage was the most difficult to get through
for me the first time twenty years ago, when it was court ordered, and three years ago again, it was
the hardest stage of change. I believe it was hardest as an adult between the two times no doubt. I
believe this as well because when I slipped I had just given my life to Christ a year before that.
Going through this stage in my thirties, and a Christian who fell off the wagon for a night, verses as
a court ordered teenager, was harder because I was a Christian who fell off the wagon. I literally feel
God lifted me up that next morning, and said I forgive you, don't go back, I will help you! The last
three years in the maintenance stage that is exactly a promise God has kept! Every day He helps

Tuckman's Stages Analysis
2 out of 4 Tuckman's Stages
The Tuckman 4 stages all have to do with a group trying to work on a project together or maybe
even playing a sport. Each stage can be seen in a part of everyone's daily life whether they are at
school, home, on the field, and or in movies. The most common stages are forming and storming.
Forming is when a group comes together for the first time and everyone tries to get to know each
other. This is the first stage. No roles are placed within the team and many members are feeling
multiple feelings like anxiousness, nervousness, and some might be clueless on the work. I have
experienced forming when I played softball for the Mooresville Recreation Department in my town.
The rec department would blindly place girls

Group Development Stages
Knowing and understanding the five stages of group development is extremely important. The first
step is called Forming. Forming is when the group first meet up and is getting to know each other.
During the forming stage members usually introduce themselves and give a brief introduction about
their likes dislikes and interest. The members usually discuss what role each person will perform, by
now the group should have a group leader who should be in attendance making sure the meeting is
running smoothly. The second stage is called storming, storming is when the group comes together
and bring their ideas to the table. Most groups don't get passed this stage because there tend to be
arguments when it comes to deciding which direction the group ... Show more content on
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At times the roles they play can they play can have a positive impact on the group and other times it
may have an extremly negative impact and set the group back in progress. An example of this would
be the Joker, the joker in the group serves as an distraction to the group and usually can't stay focus
and distract other members from staying focus, the devils advocate has a negative impact as well,
this member tend to disagree with almost every decision the group comes up with on the flip side
the devil advocate tends to have great ideas that are deep in thought. You also have the sniper who
can shoot down ideas that other group members come up with which can lead to them dismissing
good ideas that just need to be brainstormed on. You also have the dominator who intimidate the
other members from speaking up due to there dominate personalities. There's also the decision
maker of the group who tends to attempt to make all the decisions for the group and doesn't give
enough time for ideas to develop before making decisions. There's other roles which bring positive
attributes to the group like the mediator, the mediator serve a good purpose of bringing peace and
balance to the group the only issue with the mediator is that they are ofter relationship oriented
instead of task oriented. There's also the Listener who sits down and respectfully listens to everyone
opinion can come up with well

Disruption Presents As A Dramatic Stage Play
DISRUPTION presents as a dramatic stage play that is driven by strong themes about control,
power, healing, trauma, life choices, responsibility, and inner demons.
There's one location setting and a contained cast of four, appropriate for a stage play. The structure
is divided into two acts. The play immediately jumps into the storyline. The actionable goal for Will
is clear. However, the story is driven more by the emotional inner conflict or "demon" of each
character.
As mentioned, the story covers several relevant topics. The tone is consistently dramatic, with some
hints of humor.
While there's a lot to like about the play, the play would benefit from more development, especially
in the first act or first half.
The first half of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Thus, most of the play can include the three of them. Finding a way to get them stuck inside can
help elevate the tension because they can't leave.
Consider tightening and narrowing down some of the dialogue and topics. Focus on the ones that
generate the most conflict. The story gets so much more exciting when Ed begins to accuse Will of
using them and raping Pam.
The ending with the murder is tragic and a bit distressing. It may not be an ending that feels
satisfying. In fact, the ending feels a bit abrupt. One doesn't have a strong emotional response with
the current conclusion of Will's death and Pamela's phone call.
An alternative is to have Will decide to try and kill himself (like his father). He has been in denial of
his father's suicide and it seems that it would be poetic justice if he decided to take his own life. In
addition, perhaps Ed encourages this (which would create tension), but Pamela tries to talk him out
of killing himself. It's still going to be challenging to have him die, so reconsider this.
The characters are complex and each one is struggling with their own "demons." They are the type
of complex characters that can attract talent.
Will is will crafted as an egotistical businessman. His voice reflects his values and his personality.
He seeks power and control. He's corrupt and immoral. He has strong inner conflict about his father.
He uses people, although he might not have insight that he uses them. He really seems to believe

Freud's Stages Of Development
1. From birth to a year and six months, Freud theorized that children go through an oral stage.
During this stage, children's pleasure focuses primarily on the mouth with chewing and biting as the
main sources of stimulation. Too much or too little satisfaction at this stage may cause the children
to smoke or eat often as an adult. Next, children go through the anal stage from age one year and six
months until age three. During this stage, pleasure stems mainly from bathroom activities as
children deal with their want for power. In adulthood, anal fixation may cause anal retention or an
extreme need for cleanliness. At three to six years, children experience the phallic period. The
phallic period focuses on pleasure stimulation from the genitals. ... Show more content on
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A parent could apply unconditional positive regard in interacting with a child by completely and
ultimately supporting and comforting them no matter who they have become or what they believe. A
parent could apply conditional positive regard in interacting with a child by disapproving of who
they have become or what they believe. This may be exemplified best by homosexuality. When a
child discusses their homosexuality with their parents, two reactions can occur in the form of
conditional and unconditional positive regard. Unconditional positive regard would lead the parents
to support and love their child all the same, while conditional positive regard may result in the
parents completely and utterly losing their mind and disconnecting themselves from their

Three Stages Of Culture Shock Essay
Name: Candice Wu
Title: "Three Stages of Culture Shock"
Specific Rhetorical Purpose: To inform my audience about the three stages of culture shock and
some tips of how to adjust and accept the different culture.
Thesis: A better understanding of what culture shock is can help people to get over culture shock
easily.
Introduction
Attention–getter: In Bulgabia, nodding left and right means yes, nodding up and down means no; In
Sweden, people use folk and knife to eat their burgers; In Germany, people do not table talk. These
are some proprieties that I find interesting, since it is different than my "common sense" of nodding,
eating a burger, and talking while eating a meal, which give me a sort of Culture shock. That is a
common phenomenon ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
At this stage, travelers are more interested with the new environment, the curiosity of a new
language or dialect, a new society, and a new kind of food. At this point, everything about this new
place seems awesome.
For example, when I first come to America, I find that American people are very nice, whenever I
need help they would try their best to help me. I lived with my host family, they would take me to
sports games, and explain the rules to me and help me have a better idea about what I was watching.
They would cook very nice food for me (a lot cheese, which I really like), and my host family are
very willing to help me develop my English. Not just my host family, people from my high school,
people from the gas station, they always have smile on their face. And tell me "have a nice one".
[Transition: Once you start get used to the new environment, things start getting frustrating.]
 The Frustration Stage
That is the second stage of Culture Shock, The Frustration stage. For example, get used to a
different lifestyle can be a big challenge for travelers. Without knowing the do's and don'ts of the
new place, travelers might accidentally make local resident upset and don't even know why. Also as
the time goes, the longer the visitor stay in the new environment they are more likely to get
homesick. [Transition: there are two stories I want to share with you all.]
"When I first come to Columbia Missouri, I realized that the public transportation in

The Five Stages Of Team Development
At some point of our academic or professional history, we were required to work with our peers, we
know or barely know. This opportunity are great instrument to learn and expand our experience and
social circle. Initially it could be stressful, and time consuming, but if done well the result would be
extremely rewarding, it is called teamwork.
Insert teamwork definition
Why is teamwork essential?
Five Stages of Team Development
In 1965, a professor of psychology at the Ohio State University, Bruce Tuckman propose the five
stages of group development (Andersen & Bolt, 2011, p. 161). Tuckman strongly suggest the norm
order for team to grow as one coordinated group.
Teamwork plays a fundamental role in providing a high quality service and achieving
accomplishments. Most teams usually go through five stages of development in order for them to
successfully meet their group's purpose. Here is the five stages of team development:
1. Forming stage is the first phase of team development. This is the period where the first
impression will initially form. The team begins as soon as they are created. The individuals will be
formerly introduced to their peers, they have to work with. Members would still be wary and
cautious of their surroundings. In addition, this is the stage where the members will determine, how
they will organize their approach in order to meet their desired goals.
2. Storming stage is the second phase of team development. This is when the conflict between the

Stages Of Adulthood In William Golding's Lord Of The Flies
True maturity in itself is thinking thoroughly about your actions ahead of time before you do them
and of the effect, it could have on yourself and another subject in the upcoming future. According to
Ages & Stages, "The stages of an individual are the baby, toddler, preschool, childhood, adolescent
and adulthood stage. The baby stage ranges from zero months until the age of one. The toddler stage
lasts from two to three years of old. The preschool stage is four to five years old. The stage of
childhood is six to ten years old. The stage of adolescence is twelve to eighteen years old. The stage
of adulthood is nineteen years old and above." An adolescent can also be referred to as a teenager.
The text Convicted at 14 discusses maturity. This topic comes into play when he references two
killings that happened in Florida. One of the killings was committed by a child the age of twelve and
the second killing was committed by a young teenager the age of fourteen. In William Golding's
Lord of the Flies, alludes to maturity. The topic of maturity is implied when a group of children
finds themselves stranded on an island after a plane crash. In other words, a common outlook
conveyed by these texts is that in each one of the writings, the children are tried or tested as adults.
In both of these pieces of literature, children are depicted as irresponsible, despite the fact that
children appear to be fully grown, they are currently progressing and still have plenty to learn. As

The Four Stages Of Bruce Tuckman's Model Of Group Theory
When Bruce Tuckman proposed the model of group development in 1965, the model assumed four
stages which include forming–storming–norming–performing stages. However, a fifth model was
introduced to encapsulate the already functioning models and this model became known as the
adjourning phase (Bauer & Erdogan, 2009, p. 191). This group development stages will now be
described below:
The first stage in the group development model is the forming stage which is a time when a group
officially comes together for the first time. This stage is full of uncertainty as members of the group
do not know what role they might be asked to play and what level of behavior is accepted or not
accepted in the group. It's a time when individuals try to get acquainted ... Show more content on
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Similarly, this stage characterizes a great deal of friendship where members rely on their capability
to handle a task and see it done without a leader instructing them how to do it. This stage is also a
period when group members exhibit an unconditional respect for their colleagues and even request
feedback on their level of performance in the task at hand. Apparently, it is not uncommon to have a
close confidant whom personal or intimate secret can be told. Additionally, it's at the norming stage
of the group development that members introduce rules and regulation that determine the
functionality of the group. The level of energy in the group at this stage is extremely high that Bauer
and Erdogan (2009) recommend that it will be appreciated should the leader step aside and only
function as a facilitator to the group whose capability is beyond bound and ready to confront tough
challenges with the confidence of scaling through without

Three Stage Model Of Kurt Lewin's Change Model
Model of Change
Kurt Lewin's Change Model
Kurt Lewin presents his three phase model for managing change. Three stages are unfreezing,
change and refreeze or freeze. This model seems to be very simple but it is possible to take is to
different level of complexity too. It depends on the organization and its structure.
In first stage the need of change is realized. This stage focused that we lived in a dynamic
environment which is constantly changing. It is emphasized that change is necessary for progress
and a sense of urgency is created among the team members. It states that as early as we adopt the
change it will beneficial at organizational level and as well as at individual level.
The stage emphasis that changes is not an event rather it is a process. It is also called stage of
transition. This is hardest stage as a lot of resistant may came from members. It is very difficult to
leave the existing methods of doing things and adopt the new methods. It is ... Show more content
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At different time's need of change is different for GE. At initial times GE was not such a big
company. At that time the need of change was the expansion. Two companies were merged to form
GE and in result of merger the organization required certain changes.
The psychology, leadership style and management philosophy of leaders was another factor that
guide the change in organization. Expansion in diverse genre of business guides company to take
further changes.
As we have seen coriander changes the structure to control several businesses because GE was
organized as holding from its initial times. In 1950s the businesses heads were operating the
business as their independent businesses.
Need for involvement of employees in Quality process is recognized by the Welch and change in
shape of Six Sigma was brought. Another need for change is derived by communication gap
between CEO and several business

Development Stages of a Child
According to Freud, the child develops socially through a series of 'psychosexual stages' e.g. oral,
anal, phallic, latency and genital. The first three psychosexual stages are focused on more as they
span the important first five years in which the id, ego and superego develop. Fixation, when libido
(sexual pleasure drive) is locked into a stage, determines personality and is caused by either
frustration or overindulgence. If a child is fixated in the oral stage for example, as a result of
frustration, the adult will be characterised as envious, pessimistic and sarcastic. Freud believed
normal development occurs when a child does not fixate on a stage. According to Erikson, the child
develops socially as they pass through eight developmental stages, referred to as psychosocial
stages, which are each characterised by a psychological crisis. The psychological crisis must be
resolved in each stage before the child can move on to the next. Each stage also has two possible
outcomes e.g. negative or positive and it is successfully completing each stage that results in a
healthy personality and sense of self. Failing to complete a stage means the ability to complete
further stages is reduced and personality and sense of self can become negative and unhealthy.
According to Kohlberg, children develop socially by developing a sense of right, wrong and justice.
There are six stages of moral development which are divided into 3 categories e.g. premoral and
preconventional stages,

Tuckman's 4 Stages Of Teaming Summary
A Summary of "The Stages of Teaming" by Alberto Ayala
Introduction
The text–book "Technical Communication Today" by Richard Johnson–Sheehan (2011) examines
Dr. Bruce Tuckman's Four Stages of Teaming. The text–book lists the four stages of teaming and
describes each in detail. Johnson–Sheehan (2011) used Dr. Tuckman's model to provide the reader
of the text–book information on proper teaming strategies.
Summary
The four stages of teaming are listed which are forming, storming, norming and performing.
Forming is the first stage in the four stages of teaming and an important part (Johnson–Sheehan,
2011, Pg. 45). Generally at this stage the team members begin to familiarize and exchange their
expectations. Forming is the stage where outlining the team's project and creating a plan to execute
it is made. The next stage is storming, which is the stage where the actual work on the project will
begin and challenges will surface. Team members will have to compromise and work together to
solve their issues, but if a team member is unproductive then letting them go may be the best option.
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Norming is the stage where the team begins to unify and begin to develop trust between each other.
Revising the work plan generally occurs at this stage and members of the team begin to accept their
roles and responsibilities that are demanded from them (Johnson–Sheenan, 2001, Pg. 58).
Performing is the last stage and is generally when team members are fully at ease which each other
and recognize the roles they are meant to do. Johnson–Sheehan (2001) states on how the team will
begin to search for ways to improve the quality of their work and associates Dr. W. Edwards
Deming's Total Quality Management (TQM) and Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI) which are
quality principles that he

Erikson 's Stages Of My Life
Phrases such as "you are turning into your mother" or "that's so something mom would say/do,"
have become increasingly more common with each passing year of my life. I have come to accept
the fact that not only do my mother and I favor in appearance, but also in many behavioral way as
well. My mother recently turned 46, and I chose her as my person of interest because it is the closest
I will ever get to interviewing my future self. As well as I know my mother, I have never had the
opportunity to analyze her development and her current stage of life. It is amazing what one can
learn and take away from a few simple questions when they are based on theory, especially
Erikson's.
It is clear to see every one of Erikson's stages play out within my mother's life. As a 46–year–old
woman, she has achieved most all of the beginning stages, such as autonomy and industry, but it was
not until after she was married, at age 22, that she gained a more clear and confident identity while
she simultaneously worked toward achieving intimacy. Though Erikson believed that one must have
a secure self identity before moving onto the next stage, which includes marriage, it is evident in the
case of my mother that the relationships she formed after marriage are what makes up the majority
of her current identity. In stage seven she developed a mature love and fully found her identity
through experiences as a mother and wife. She even went as far as to say that she would have "most
likely turned

Storming Stage Of A Group
1) Discuss the beginning phase of the group (10)
a) How was your group formed?
The group was formed based on the number assigned to us by Ms. Norcaust, all group member
picked the same number.
b) What were your expectations for this group?
The expectations I had for the group were, working as a cohesive unit based on the fact the members
assigned to the group are known for being hard workers, all decisions about the project would be
made as a group, and group work would be shared equally.
c) Did your group fit with what you read/discussed with regard to the beginning stage of group
development?
It takes time for any new team/group to get its act together. In this stage, there's lots of exploration
as group members get to know one another. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Even though some individuals stay quiet, issues may still exist. All members have an increased need
for clarification. Questions surrounding leadership, authority, rules, responsibilities, structure,
evaluation criteria tend to arise during the storming stage. Such questions must be answered so that
the group can move on to the next stage and our group did just that and was able to move past the
storming stage. Once a group receives the clarity that it so desperately needs, it can move on to the
third stage of group development, known as the norming stage. The norming stage is the time where
the group becomes a cohesive unit. Optimism is great as group members keenly recognize the
abilities, expertise and knowledge that each member brings to the group. The group remains focused
on its purpose and goal. This was experience when group members began to open up to each group
member idea and seeing it as valuable.
a) Did your group fit with what you read/discussed with regard to the beginning stage of group
development?
The group fit what I read from the text because we discussed the possibility of major milestones
which is a part of the forming stage, clarification and questions about group member's
responsibilities which is a part of the storming stage, and seeing others input for its worth which is
the norming stage.
b) What were the conflicts that

Stages Of Change Model Essay
The Stages of Change Model is based on the fact that behavior change is not an abrupt activity
rather a several steps approach that has to be followed to achieve the best results. Josephine is in
stage three of the Stages of Change Model which is preparation/determination. This is evident by
her commitment to try to make a change on hr eating habits. Also, the effort Josephine takes to visit
a nutritional counselor to try find out any possible strategies and resources available that will help
her change her habits and visiting a doctor for check up sums up to back this stage. At this stage,
Josephine readiness to learn is heightened as she will try to gather as much information as possible
important to help her from this behavior.
Creating a sense of connection (rapport) between my client and me is important for the sessions to
be successful. I will do this by always ensuring that I am ready for every session I want to do by
being calm and not rushing things. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Empathy is not sharing similar experiences with the client and tell her you know one is feeling but
the ability to perceive your client's experience and tackle the problem in hand using the client's
perspective to these issues. Josephine will be able to benefit from this skill as I will be more
connected to her and understand how she feels and come up with effective strategies to solve her
problems. Concreteness involves being specific during communication (focusing on particular
issues) and avoiding generalization of issues or abstract discussions. Being specific and use of here–
and–now focus encourages problem solving process and shorten it. Counselor self–disclosure can
also be used and it will involve sharing my personal experiences with my client which are relevant
to the content. Sharing is only used when trying to address a pressing issue during a

Tuckman's Stages
The five stages of team development were first introduced by Bruce Wayne Tuckman in 1965. His
research into the way teams function and coordinate provided reoccurring trends towards very
specific points in the life of a team, which became the premises of each of the first four "Tuckman's
Stages." The fifth stage was co–created by Mary Ann Jensen over a decade later. The five stages
discussed in this essay are as follows: Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, and Adjourning.
The Forming stage begins when the team first meets with one another. This often corresponds to the
members greeting one another and introductions; Gina Abudi, president of Abudi Consulting Group
and a writer of many college textbooks on team structure, describes this

Bruce Tuckman's Stages Of Team Development
Grow your Team With Team Development Techniques
The team development model of:
Forming – Storming – Norming – Performing was proposed in 1965 by American psychologist
Bruce Tuckman.
The Forming – Storming – Norming – Performing model describes a set of stages in training that a
group must go through in order to be able to achieve maximum potential.
As the name implies, the Forming – Storming – Norming – Performing model show the four ordered
stages a team must go through before they become like a well–oiled machine.
Forming
The first stage of training, forming, is when the team is just getting to know each other. Each has his
or her own ideas, which are usually independent of the other. There is minimum cooperation and
integration of ideas. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This stage is when the concept of Forming – Storming – Norming – Performing is introduced to the
team.
Storming
This is the stage where the concepts of each member come together for the first time. This is where
members of the team experience their ideas being criticized, improved, and commented on by their
colleagues.
Storming not only refers to the concept of "brainstorming", but also to the "stormy" stage of team
development.
Some immature members will not appreciate their ideas being criticized, and their behavior might
serve as a deterrent for the team to move on to the next stage of thier development.
It's up to the supervisor or team leader to decide how to deal with this kind of attitude.
Norming
Once the "stormy" phase is over the team reaches the stage where they start to work together
collectively. They're more familiar with each other's attitudes, work ethics, and tastes in terms of
ideas and work output.
What you should look out for in this phase, is the tendency for team members to completely lose
their individual tastes and ideas, and slowly become accustomed to agreeing with each other all the

Stages Of Standard Diffusion Model
Five Stages of Standard Diffusion Model The diffusion process is the communication theory for
adopting or rejecting ideas, products, or innovation. Sociologists of the 1950s developed a standard
diffusion model that had five different stages. The stages are awareness, interest, evaluation, trial,
and adoption. In the awareness stage, an individual is introduced to a new idea, procedure, or
product with known knowledge about it. Following the awareness stage is the interest stage which is
also referred to as the information stage. In this stage, an individual starts becoming familiar and
interested in the new idea, procedure, or product while actively searching for more information
regarding it. Thirdly is the evaluation stage where the individual determines the value of the idea,
procedure, or product in an attempt of determining whether it is good. The trial stage is next where
the person tries out the idea, procedure, or product. Lastly is the adoption stage in which the
individual determines that the idea, procedure, or product is overall positive (Moore, Bagin, &
Gallagher, p. 74, 2016). These five stages were highly critique by Lionberger and Rogers, because
they believed this five stage process did not follow a linear sequence. Everett Rogers later renamed
the five stages because of the great impacts the social system plays throughout the process. The five
stages of Rogers ' diffusion process are knowledge, persuasion, decision, implementation, and
confirmation. In

Explain The Five Stages Of A Helping Relationship
There are five stages of a helping relationship. First stage of a helping relationship is rapport and
trust building. During the beginning of this stage, clients are concern about the level of trust they
have for the helper, and the helper is concern about the legal side of the service. (Neukrug, 2013, pg.
116). For an example, the helper have to give a disclosure statement that discusses limits, legal
issues, fees, and purpose of the interview. The client must give the helper an informed consent this
shows that the client receive the disclosure statement, understand it, and agree with it. (Neukrug,
2013, pg. 116). This stage is about establishing the foundation of the relationship through empathy,
good social skills, and listening. (Neukrug, 2013, pg. 116). ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
During this stage, both the client and the helper assess the problems and work together. In the
process, the helper asks series of questions to identify the issues, and explore other issues that might
arise. (Neukrug, 2013, pg. 117). The reasons for the questions is to stay focus on the real issues.
Third stage of the helping relationship is deepening understanding and goal setting. "Besides basic
helping skills, one would add skills to deepen the relationship with client." (Neukrug, 2013, pg.
117). In this stage, the client is allowing the helper to see their true self. When the true self is reveal,
the client is more honest when it comes to questions. The helper can't rush this process, or the client
will pull back on the relationship. (Neukrug, 2013, pg. 117).
The fourth stage is work. "Fourth stage consist of working on the issues that were identify and
agreed on." (Neukrug, 2013, pg. 116). The helper will use different skills to help the client to tackle
the problem. "The clients takes responsibility on their identify issues and building themselves up to
accomplish

Let The Right One Is A Stage Adaptation By Jack Thorne
On October 1, 2016, I attended a production of Let the Right One In at The University of Oklahoma
in the Weiztenhoffer Theater. Let the Right One in is a "stage adaptation by Jack Thorne based on
the Swedish novel Marla Rubin Productions Ltd." and it was directed by Tom Huston Orr as a fall
main stage production for the university (University Theatre Program). Let the Right One In was
captivating and occupied the space with great power. Immediately once the show began, I noticed
the forwarding aspect of the overlapping scenes to help bring momentum to the production. The
specific reference I am making is to the introduction of the character Oskar, who was played by Sam
Pinson, coupled with Hakan's first murder. Hakan was played by Weston Vrooman and his first
victim in the production is Torkel who was portrayed by Austin Reid. The overlapping of their two
scenes set up a fast pace that added to some of the suspense the show itself calls for in its mood. I
really enjoyed this directing choice to have the bar placed for high energy and pace right as the show
began. Another aspect that I thought worked well for this production was the casting choice of Sam
Pinson for Oskar. The reason I mention this is because Sam is not what I would expect in the casting
of a young teenage boy. He is tall and not the typical type for that role. I had been skeptical of this
decision because of how Sam is not visibly close to a child in the least, but Sam portrayed the role in
a way that was

Model Three Stages Of Kurt Lewin's Theory
The Model three stages – Unfreeze, Change and Refreeze which was explained by Lewin by
changing the shape of a block of ice. He explained that if one have large cube of ice but realised
after some time that he wants a cone of ice, what to do? First, melt the ice so that is become easier to
change – Unfreeze. The second step shape the iced water into the want form – Change and finally
freeze to the new form – Refreeze. It is likely to take these phases to entirely complex levels yet I
don't trust this is important to have the capacity to work with the theory. Be that as it may, know that
the hypothesis has been condemned for being excessively simplified.
The method has changed a lot since the theory was initially introduced in 1947, however the Kurt
Lewin model is still to a great degree important. Many new models are actually based on Kurt
Lewin model.
The first stage which is the unfreezing one, is the most vital to recognise the change happening
around and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This indicates that it does not serve to define the objective of planned change in group performance
as the reaching of a different level. Permanency of the new level, or permanency for a desired
period, should be included in the objective.
Lewin's concern is about emphasising the change and make sure that the desired change is
established and continued into the future. By not doing this, might force people to go back while
doing what they are used to.
Since, the Lewin's model has a definite end; I don't think that this would be adopted for Casela
World of Adventures as there are still lots of changes to come and in high speed. This model would
rather be used to set up change management for people/organisation where it is quite easy to
understand by ensuring that all stages are extended to help for better

Personal Narrative-Stage Makeup
Butterflies are flipping in my stomach, my heart is racing, and I can feel the tiny beads of sweat
forming that always threaten to wreak havoc on my stage makeup. People are rushing back and forth
placing props, adjusting costumes, and giving final "break a leg" wishes. I hear the murmur of the
nameless faces on the other side of the grand drape, and the familiar rush of adrenaline mixed with a
strange sense of peace comes quickly as the curtain opens. Our many weeks of rehearsal all come
down to this night, and as the stage lights come up the murmurs cease; I quickly scan the audience
for familiar faces in the moments between the opening of the curtain and the show's start. Then, I
take a deep breath in, and start my performance.
Before I

Examples Of The Seven Stages Of Grief
When someone looses a loved one, they will go through the seven stages of grief. In Extremely
Loud and Incredibly Close by Jonathan Safran Foer, Oskar goes through the seven stages of grief
after his dad dies on September 11th, 2001. Throughout the novel, Oskar goes through all of the
seven stages.
In stage one, 'Shock and Denial' people will react to the loss with disbelief. They will deny the
reality of the loss in order to avoid the pain. People will use this as a shield to block out the fact of
their loss and not want to talk about the situation and/or person because it will make them miss or
feel sad about it. Oskar can be shown to be in this stage when he hides the voicemails from when his
dad on the worst day, For example, "I opened the apartment door, put down my bag, took my shoes
off, like everything was wonderful, because I didn't know that in reality everything was horrible, I
went to the phone to check the messages and listened to one after another" paragraph 2, page 68. .
He doesn't want anyone else to hear them so he goes to the store to buy a new phone then recorded a
greeting from the first phone onto it. Oskar wrapped up the old phone in a scarf and put in a grocery
bag and put it in his closet so no one could find it.
Another example of Oskar showing 'Shock and Denial' is when he's in the store and he looks at a
piece of paper where they write their names to see what the color of the ink looks like. While Oskar
is looking at it , he see's his dad's name on it, written in red ink. Oskar is shocked that it's on there
and denies and feels sad about it. When he looks at it, without hesitation, Oskar asked the manager
when did his dad write that and other questions like, 'why' and 'how' could he go to that store just to
write his name on everything. Oskar tried to make him believe that his dad went to the store.
In stage two, 'Pain and Guilt,' as the shock wears off, it is replaced with the suffering of unbelievable
pain. People tend to hide it, avoid it or escape from it, they tend to replace it with alcohol and drugs.
Life feels chaotic and scary during this phase. Oskar can be shown in this stage by when he gives
himself bruises. For example, when Oskar was listening to the last voicemail

Group Topics: Stages Of Change
Group topic: Stages of Change
In today's session, Group members were presented with education regarding the stages of change
and the characteristic of each stage of change. Group members were then identified and shared
which stage of change that he/she presently was in; and discuss how to progress to the next stage of
change.
PO was on time and participated in the group activities. PO stated "I am in the maintenance stage of
change because I am in treatment. My clean date was 12–14–2015". It appears that PO is making a
steady change while in recovery as evidenced by staying clean and sober, and attending treatment
and going to self–help meetings on a regular basis to maintain his sobriety. PO had a positive
response to treatment.
Green ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
PO called and informed CDP that he won't be able to attend group, stated "I didn't go to see doctor
yesterday because my mom didn't believe that I need to see doctor, but she will take me to see
doctor after she get off work". CCO was notified.
Watkins
Group topic: Stages of Change
In today's session, Group members were presented with education regarding the stages of change
and the characteristic of each stage of change. Group members were then identified and shared
which stage of change that he/she presently was in; and discuss how to progress to the next stage of
change.
PO was on time and moderately participated in the group activities. PO stated "I am in action stage
of change because I am actively dealing with my problems. I go to meeting 2–3 times per week,
focus on treatment and work. I am also working on rebuilding trust and healthy relationships with
my kids and other family members". It appears that PO is making a steady change while in recovery
as evidenced by staying clean and sober, and attending treatment and going to self–help meetings on
a regular basis to maintain his sobriety. PO had a positive response to treatment.
Stamps
Group topic: Stages of

Erikson's Stages Of Psychosocial Development
Developmental Factors: Erikson's stages of psychosocial development: Check one box and give the
textbook definition (with reference) of Erickson's developmental stage for your patient's age group:
_____ Identity vs. Role Confusion/Diffusion _____ Intimacy vs. Isolation __x__ Generativity vs.
Self–absorption/Stagnation _____ Ego Integrity vs. Despair Definition: In this stage generativity
refers to the adult 's ability to care for another person. The most important event in this stage is
parenting. Does the adult have the ability to care and guide the next generation? Generativity has a
broader meaning then just having children. Each adult must have some way to satisfy and support
the next generation. According to Erikson, "A person does best at this time to put aside thoughts of
death and balance its certainty with the only happiness that is lasting: to increase, by whatever is
yours to give, the goodwill and higher order in your sector of the world" Elements for a positive
outcome: Generativity refers to "making your mark" on the world, through caring for others, to have
and nurture children and/or become involved with future generations. Elements for a negative
outcome: Stagnation refers to the failure to find a way to contribute. An individual must deal with
issues they are concerned with or it can lead to stagnation in later life. These individuals may feel
disconnected or uninvolved with their community and with society as a whole. (Erikson,

Bruce Tuckman's Stages Of Team Development
As it is being stated earlier that this paper will be discussing about team development and it will
then explain the theories of teamwork and team development. Team development is defined as the
improvement of the efficacy of working in teams or groups by advancing goal progressions (Eyre,
2015). Bruce Tuckman firstly identified the four stages of team development in the mid 60s (Eyre,
2015). These stages are; Forming, Storming, Norming and Performing. In the 1970s Dr Bruce
Tuckman added the fifth stage, which is Adjourning (Businessballs.com, 2015). Dr Bruce also
mentioned that this theory is a helpful and beneficial description of team development
(Businessballs.com, 2015).
Forming: Most team members are respectful and optimistic however ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
In the 1970s Dr Meridith Belbin has developed the Belbin team role theory essentially on the way
people perform and behave in a team (Educationalbusinessarticles.com, 2014). Dr Belbin defined
the team role as "a tendency to behave, contribute and interrelate with others in a particular way"
(Educationalbusinessarticles.com, 2014 and Trainanddevelop.co.uk, 2015). Belbin also suggests that
when a person or a team member understands his/her team role in a specific team, then the person
can improve potentials and control his/her difficulties as a team member (Trainanddevelop.co.uk,
2015). Belbin created nine team roles and these roles are as follows; Plant, Resource investigator,
Completer, Implementer, Shaper, Co–ordinator, Specialist, Monitor and Team worker
(Educationalbusinessarticles.com, 2014 and Trainanddevelop.co.uk,

Essay on The Four Main Stages of Business
A growing business will cycle through four major stages in its development. Evolving from a one–
person operation to a multi department company has its challenges and rewards. In this paper, it will
be described how each of the four stages a business may pass through will affect it. The four stages
of a business life are as follow. In stage one, the business is being created and is operated often with
only one person. Stage two, organization growth, structure and employee management can be
observed. Stage three, owner's delegation of certain powers takes place. Finally, stage four, being the
creation of a more structured business, which entails the creation of policies and procedures.
In the first phase of the creation of the business, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As the business grows, the owner's focus will have to change from overseeing the day–to–day
operations to focusing on getting investors and funding and potentially developing new products or
services. As I said earlier, since the proprietor will have staff, he/she will need experienced manager
to help them focus on the core operations of the business as said by William Weirsema: "The
founder should realize that he or she can't possibly be the best in the company at everything from
marketing to finances. Functions that can't justify a full–time expert should be outsourced to
professionals that specialize. Possibilities include information systems, accounting, human
resources, marketing, and engineering. Hiring a chief operating officer is usually advisable."(1999).
Hiring qualified staff and manager will help the business become more successful.
The fourth stage of business happens when the business has almost reached its full expansion. It is
the stage where the owner has to make decisions on policies, code of conduct for personnel, job
descriptions as well as internal control policies just to name a few. It is also the stage where the
owner will have to decide what type of departmentation they want their organization to use.
Whether it is by project, by function or by matrix this will help the business being more efficient.
Also, the founder will have to decide whether its business should be centralized or

Tuckman Team Stages
Describe with examples the stages that involved in team development.
Psychologist Bruce Wayne Tuckman developed the first four stages of team development. The
stages were called 'Tuckman stages'. Later the fifth stage was added together with Man Ann Jensen.
'You can't expect a new team to perform well when it first comes together. The targeted goal takes
time to be achieved by the team within an organisation. Tuckman stages show us how a team go
through various steps acquiring a set of knowledge to share the common set goals. Teamwork is a
way to have an effective work. The five stages are forming, storming, norming, performing, and
adjourning which are further elaborated below:
Forming
In this first stage, a group of people introduced to each other. They are curious, anxious, cautious
and even excited about the task ahead. To form a good impression on others the spirit of positive
vibes are seen among the team members.The forming stage is to create a team with clear structure,
goals, direction and roles so that all the team ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There is celebration and recognition of the group achievement. In this ending stage, the temporary
groups will be scattered once the goal has been accomplished. However, the ending process never
occurs in certain groups for example a customer service team and a social media team. However,
time and effort are needed to reach the final stage. The deadline is dependent on the experience and
skills of the team members. Members who have been adapted to the team may find the adjourning
stage difficult as they have to leave the team to accomplish their own personalised goal in the
organisation.
Indeed, team development is a way to increase the ability of an employee to have a good source of
planning, problem solving and decision making. The progression has to be effective through the
stages of the team development effectiveness is very crucial for the team to accomplish their

The Stages Of Adulthood As The Stage Of Emerging Adulthood
Adulthood is when an individual is past the stage of being considered to be a teenager or "young
adult". In America, adulthood starts at the age of 18, but in certain circumstances it has limited
access. The fact that many adolescents have relied on another individual for about eighteen years, it
will take more than two years for one to transit into their 20's when it comes down to getting their
life together. Many expectations are expected for people in their 20's, but one person's expectations
may be different from another. This new generation have a mind of their own, which makes it hard
to compare them to the earlier generations. From a young age, young adults learned the strategy of
lacking deep connection with their surroundings, which makes it harder for them to mature into their
20's. At that point of age, one should only be learning the strategies of relying on their self, in which
Robin Henig elaborate more on through Jeffrey Jensen Arnett theory. Arnett consider the 20's to be
the stage of emerging adulthood. Arnett believes that emerging adulthood is "identifying
exploration, instability self–focus, feeling in–between, and rather poetic characteristic, he calls "a
sense of possibilities" (Henig 200). One must first experience these things before becoming an
actual adult. There is an extreme amount of individuals in there 20 something's that may be taking
longer to fully develop into an adult, but it helps them figure out who they are as an individual,
develop

Mark Knapp's Model Of Relation Stages
In a developmental perspective of relational dynamics, communications researcher Mark Knapp,
developed a model of relation stages. In Knapp's model, he included 10 stages, within 2 broad
phases, "coming together" at the beginning of the relationship and "coming apart" at the end. The
first phases encompasses the first 5 stages, the last phase includes the last 5. However, other
researchers have suggested that a third phase, "relational maintenance," should be included. This
stage encompasses the fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh stages. These ten stages are as follows. As the
first step, Initiating is the act of making contact and sowing that you are worth interacting with. This
stage tends to be quite brief and is typically includes handshakes, small talk, and friendly
expressions. Moving forward, Experimenting is the second stage. The experimenting stage ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
During integrating, the parties begin to interact as more of a social unit. At this point both people in
the relationship, start to take on characteristics of each other. Bonding, the fifth stage, is when the
parties then go show the world that their relationship exists. This is typically when the relationship
is given its most legitimacy. Differentiating, the sixth stage, is considered to be the beginning of the
downward slope in Knapp's model. Within this stage, you start to see the individuals involved in the
relationship, begin to pull away from each other. Now, this may seem like a negative, however it can
be a positive action. By pulling away from each other they are able to maintain their individual
identities while also maintaining a commitment to the relationship. At the seventh step,
Circumscribing, members of the relationship tend to decrease their communication in quantity and
quality. This is considered to be the opposite of the integrating stage, due to the fact that there is a
shrinking of interest and

Bruce Tuckman's Four Stages Of Team Development
HW 5: 5 STAGES OF TEAM BUILDING
Introduction
In 1965, Bruce Tuckman developed the first four stages of team growth. He called these stages
"Tuckman Stages," based off of a study he conducted on research dynamics (Abudi, 2009).
However, in 1977, a fifth stage, "adjourning," was added to the four stages. The five stages that will
be discussed are: forming, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning.
Forming Stage The forming stage occurs when the team members first get introduced to each other.
Typically, either a formal or casual meeting is held between team members. Each team member
shares information about themselves, such as their background information and their general
interests. I like to see it as an "ice breaker." You cannot start ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
I compare it to an actual performance–this is the stage of a performance where are all the scripts are
finished and the acting begins. In more literal terms, the performing stage is when everyone in the
team starts acting towards the goal. By this point, the team members are more comfortable with each
other. At this point, the team leader isn't involved in any decision making. It is wholly up to the team
to work on the project at hand and to reach their goal. The advantage to this role is that it allows the
manager to see how the team is growing. It also allows the manager to see how well his/her team
can work on their own two feet without having to be guided by a leader. However, I noticed that it is
possible during this stage to revert back to the previous stages of team building. I have noticed while
working on group projects for school, that there is usually one person who tends to start working
independently. This will immediately take the group back to the "storming" stage. If the team gets
taken back to any of the previous stages, it is up to them to work through the change to get back to
the performing stage (Abudi,

Interviewing Stages
Stages of Interviewing
There are stages in the interviewing processes; these stages are there to help not only the
interviewer, but the interviewee as well. These stages have been developed to help human service
professionals master the skills needed to help each client. The three stages in the interviewing
process are exploration, insight/clarification and action.
Exploration Phase: The Exploration phase studies the issues of the couples and their feelings. It
studies any previous interventions. Judith is angry and has a hard time controling her anger, as she
feels her husband does not listen to her. Judith wishes to have children but Richard is hesitant.
Exploration, the beginning of the process, is helping the client explorer their feeling, ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Actions– helping the client take action. The elements in this stage would include;
Information giving, giving the clients feedback. These can be instructions, feedback or an
informational statement.
Structuring for exploration, clarification and actions. Helps the client to examine their issues,
consider alternatives or make their own choices or decisions.
Enlisting cooperation, many times the client will resist or become reluctance, using basic
interviewing skills will decrease the client discomfort and increase cooperation throughout each
stage.
The interviewer talked to both individuals evenly. She used many open–ended questions throughout
the process and then echoed what she heard to show that she comprehended. She had each person
explain their issues and concerns to the other, calmly, and then had the listener echo those issues and
concerns to the other.
1. Have you ever experienced a therapy? This query was according to the topic of conversation as it
provided the therapist details from the past about the types of treatment pair already went through in
the past and the reasons of their failure. It gives reasons of the couple's presence. One more way to
address this query would be, "Have you searched for other treatments in the past?" The first query is
though more appropriate for the topic of

The Psychosexual Stages Of Development
Psychosexual Stages of Development In the second essay of his Three Essays on Sexuality (1905),
Freud theorized that every child is born with innate sexual impulses that develop as the child grows.
He proposed stages of psychosexual development that each child goes through until he or she
reaches puberty. This chapter investigates if these stages of development are in fact, universal and
the nature of their presence in the cultural society of Hindu–India. According to Freud (1905), the
new born child's innate sexual impulses can only be observed in the child once he reaches the age of
three. He stated that the development of this infantile sexuality took place in a periodic and
oscillating manner – after a brief period of development, it is suppressed in a state of latency till the
sexual development takes over. Although he states that he does not know the reason for this pattern,
he also adds that it is during this period of latency that the aesthetic and moral ideals develop which
by feelings of disgust and shame restrict the flow of the sexual instinct. These ideals develop
inherently, even without any help from external education. While the impulses are not ceased
entirely during the period of latency, their energy is diverted to other ends by the process of
sublimation and results in the development of the individual (ibid: 176). While the final outcome of
the sexual development is the pursuit of pleasure from a single, primary erotogenic source directed
towards a

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