2. Value AddsThe Approach
Summative Assessments: Two new
question papers are added at the end of
each term.
Layout and attractive illustrations
PRACTICE/
APPLICATION
INSTRUCTION ENGAGEMENT
Spiral linking to previous
knowledge through We already
know
Now moving ahead as objectives of
the chapter
Additional information through
fact boxes and case studies
Web links to aid additional
research
Heritage Education: Activities
devised with the aim of
familiarizing students with
different states, people, culture,
and lifestyles.
Save the planet for awareness
and sensitivity towards the
environment
Knowledge-based and Application-
based activities
Summary at the end of each
chapter for recapitulation of the
concepts. This is also the link to
the interactive CD.
CCE icons to help the teacher in
formative assessment
Interesting warm ups to
introduce concepts
Talking points to encourage class
discussions and debates
Communication-based activities
made more interactive, i.e., Now
you are talking
A variety of activities and
projects to implement NCF 2005
guidelines
Brush up!
1. People in different parts of India celebrate many
festivals and special days.
2. Festivals are time for prayers, fun, feasting,
caring, and sharing.
3. Harvest festivals celebrate good crops.
4. Diwali, Christmas, Eid-dul-fitr, and Guruparabs
are religious festivals.
5. Independence Day, Republic Day, and Gandhi
Jayanti are national festivals of India.
Independence: Freedom from
being ruled by some other country
Republic: A country which is
not ruled by a king or queen but
a group of leaders chosen by the
people of the country
Get the
Get the
Revision time!
A. Answer the following.
1. What are harvest festivals? Give some examples.
2. Why are festivals so special?
3. What are religious festivals?
4. What are some of our national festivals?
5. Is it more fun to celebrate festivals all alone or with family and friends?
B. Choose the correct words from the brackets to fill in the blanks.
1. Pongal is a .................. festival. (religious/harvest)
2. ............... race is a special feature of Onam. (camel/boat)
3. We celebrate .............................. Day on 26 January. (Independence/Republic)
4. Lohri marks the end of .................... . (summer/winter)
5. Basant Panchami welcomes ................... . (spring/rain)
C. Underline the odd one.
1. Guruparabs:
a) langar b) harvest festival c) prabhat pheri
2. National festivals:
a) Holi b) Gandhi Jayanti c) Independence Day98
Book 3
‘End-of-chapter’ exercises, suitably edited and
revised to match the changes made in the book
Map 3.2: Continents and oceans
Oceans and continents
Most of the Earth is covered with water and the rest of it is land. The water is in the
form of oceans, rivers, lakes, and groundwater. Some of these water bodies have been
marked in blue on the map given below. In between these we can see the land areas.
As we can see on the
map, there are some
huge water bodies.
These are the four main
oceans—namely the
Pacific, the Atlantic,
the Indian, and the
Arctic. The Pacific is
the largest ocean.
Other than the blue oceans, the map also shows large landmasses called continents.
There are seven continents, namely North America, South America, Europe, Africa,
Asia, Australia, and Antarctica. The continents have many countries. India is in Asia,
the largest continent. Australia is the smallest continent and a country too.
The Pacific ocean covers almost one-third of
the entire area of the Earth! The name Pacific
comes from a Latin word, meaning ‘peaceful
sea’. Ferdinand Magellan, the explorer,
named it.
...and that’s a fact...
If the Earth was
divided into three equal
parts, one part would be
one-third of it.
That’s a lot
of water!
21
Book 3
Interesting facts
Yes, we all have
contributed to
give our place
a fresh look.
Our building
will get
painted soon.
It’s time for your
medicines grandpa.
Yes, let’s go.
Come, let us go
to the playground
nearby.
Thank you. I hope the
clothes are not getting wet.
Your plants
look beautiful!
Such nice
people upstairs
Yes, they are
very polite.
Now you are talking!
In which neighbourhood would you like to
stay? What are some things that make a
good neighbourhood?
stay? What are some things that make a
Activity
Read the statements below. Tick the ones which you think make you a
good neighbour and cross out the ones that make you a bad neighbour.
1. Keep the area around your house clean
2. Greet the neighbours
3. Litter on the streets
4. Throw water out of the window without checking to see if there is
anyone outside
5. Steal fruits from the neighbour’s tree
6. Write on cars and walls
7. Help visitors who are looking for a particular address7. Help visitors who are looking for a particular address
101
India is a country of great diversity. We all
live together in peace. We call this ‘unity in
diversity’. This is good living, and it begins at
home and in the neighbourhood!
Let us visit two neighbourhoods and see what is
happening.
No need at all.
Who’ll pay for it?
Our building looks
so dirty! We need
to get it painted.
Don’t worry, no
one is home.
RUN!
When will this
loud noise stop?
Go, hang your clothes
somewhere else.
Stop it! My clothes
are getting wet!
CRASH!
Good living17
100
Lively illustrations make learning
interactive interesting
Book 3
100
SAVE THE PLANET
We can help by being a little careful about how we use the different things
we need. We should not buy things unless we really need them. By following
the three Rs, we can use our natural resources carefully and for a longer period of time.
The three Rs of the environment tell us to Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle.
To reduce
• Save energy by turning off the lights that you are not using • Reduce the use of cars and
other vehicles—walk, ride the bicycle • Use a carpool whenever possible
To reuse
• It is good to use cloth bags instead of paper bags. Cloth bags can be used again and
again and we would also be saving trees that way • Write on both sides of the paper
To recycle
Many of the things we use every day like paper bags, newspapers, magazines, and milk cartons,
plastic, and aluminium cans and bottles are made out of materials that can be recycled.
Recycled items are put through a process that makes it possible to create new products out of
the materials from the old ones. Next time you are out shopping, check out whether what you
buy is made of material that can be recycled.
To recycle
Many of the things we use every day like paper bags, newspapers, magazines, and milk cartons,
plastic, and aluminium cans and bottles are made out of materials that can be recycled.
Recycled items are put through a process that makes it possible to create new products out of
the materials from the old ones. Next time you are out shopping, check out whether what you
buy is made of material that can be recycled.
Brush up!
1. An industry converts raw materials into
finished goods.
2. Cottage industries involve the production of
goods at home with the help of simple tools,
members of the family, and locally available
raw materials.
3. Small-scale industries run from small factories
and use simple machines.
4. Large-scale industries need big space, big
machines, a huge amount of raw materials,
and many skilled workers.
Factory: A place
where people make
things with machines
Industry: The process
of making things
in factories
Get the
Get the
Also, providing raw materials for some industries may mean cutting down trees or using
up the non-renewable resources. We must be sure that pollution is minimized and that our
resources are protected.
Book 4
Value education through topics from current
scenarios to enhance students’ development
Let us meet some people who help in making clothes.
Colourful clothes from India
We know that people wear clothes according to the places where they live.
Look at these pictures. They show children from different parts of India
wearing different kinds of clothes. Which of these have you seen? Can you
name any of these clothes?
The farmer grows
cotton plants.
The shepherd rears the
sheep for wool.
The weaver weaves1
the cloth.
The tailor stitches the
cloth to make clothes.
The shopkeeper
sells the cloth.
Rajasthan West Bengal Kerala
Did you know, Mahatma Gandhi wove his
own cloth on a small hand machine called a
charkha? He called this special cloth khadi.
...and that’s a fact...
Maharashtra Punjab Kashmir
Check out
Visit http://learnenglishkids.
britishcouncil.org/en/category/
general-themes/clothes to play
some fun games about clothes.
1
weave: put threads together to make cloth
All three of these women are
wearing the same kind of
cloth but in different ways.
Talk in class about what each
one is wearing.
All three of these women are
Now you are talking!
Talk in class about what each
one is wearing.
Talk in class about what each
wearing the same kind of
cloth but in different ways.
Talk in class about what eachTalk in class about what each
27
Emphasis on varied cultures traditions
existing in India
Book 2
See Map 6.4, which shows the major plains
of the world. These plains are formed by
the deposit and erosion activities of external
forces such as rivers and their tributaries.
Types of plains
There are three types of plains.
Tectonic plains
These are formed by internal forces causing
uplift of sea coasts, such as the low-lying
coastal plains of the Malabar Coast along
the western sea coast of India.
Erosional plains
These are formed when the action of
rivers, glaciers, and wind erode higher
levels of land for years and years to form
flat plains. The Interior Plains of Canada
have been downcut by erosion.
Depositional plains
These plains are formed by the accumulation
of deposits. These are of many kinds.
Alluvial plains are formed by the
deposition of sediment by rivers, that
accumulate over time, such as the Indo-
Gangetic Plain. Till plains, found in
North America and Europe, have been
formed by glacial deposits of clay, sand,
gravel, and boulders carried by ice. Wind
action accumulates sand to form desert
plains, such as the Sahara Desert.
Great Indo-Gangetic plainThe Mississippi River alluvial plain
Geo skill
Look at the map of plateaus—the
major plateaus have been labelled.
Study the map carefully and then
answer the following:
1. Name one plateau in North
America.
2. Name one plateau in Europe.
3. Name one plateau in Africa.
4. Which plateau will you find in
Australia?
5. Which plateau will you find in north
Asia?
6. Name a plateau in west Asia.
7. Which continent seems to have the
least number of plateaus?
Map 6.3: Plateaus of the world
69
Book 6
Updated maps and interpretive exercises to
hone map-reading skills
Dry deserts
A desert is usually a very hot, sandy, and dry place. Not
many tress grow there. So very few people and animals
live in deserts. Sometimes it does not rain for years in
the deserts!
Forests
Some places have lots of trees.
Many different kinds of animals,
birds, and insects live there. These
are called forests.
Forests are very important. Trees clean the air and give
us many useful things.
Oceans and seas
Seas and oceans are huge water bodies. Most of our Earth
is covered with water that is found in oceans and seas.
Oceans and seas are full of fish, and plants that grow under
the water. The land along oceans or seas is called the coast.
A piece of land with water all around is an island.
Now you are talking!
Can you think of some things that we get
from the forests?from the forests?
Desert
An Island
SAVE THE PLANET
The Earth is our home. It is our duty to keep all landforms on
Earth clean. When you go for vacations to different places,
make sure you do not make the place dirty. Keep your own city
clean too.
Forest
The camel is known as
the ‘ship of the desert’
because it can live in the
dry deserts without water and food for many days. It
can travel long distances through the sandy deserts.
...and that’s a fact...
73
Book 2
Communication-based activities
Bank
We can keep our money and
other costly things in the bank.
Our money is safe here.
Police station
Every neighbourhood usually has
a police station. Policemen and
policewomen work here to keep
the neighbourhood safe.
Hospital
We go to the hospital when we are sick or
when we get hurt. Doctors and nurses treat
us and look after us while we are there.
Fire station
Whenever there is a fire in the
neighbourhood, the fire station sends
a fire brigade and firefighters. They
help in putting the fire out.
‘I promise that I will keep myself clean, then my house, my surroundings, my
society, my state and finally my nation will be clean,’ said former President
Dr APJ Abdul Kalam.
Can you also make a promise to yourself to clean your neighbourhood? With the help of
your friends, parents, teachers, and your neighbours, organize a cleaning campaign and
ask the people in the neighbourhood to keep their houses and compounds clean.
Activity
Here is a fun idea. Start a neighbourhood kids club. Get together with all the kids in your
neighbourhood. Once a week, do something good for the neighbourhood. Some ideas
are: cleaning the neighbourhood park, visiting the old people in the neighbourhood,
collecting old clothes and books to be given to the poor children or planting a tree.
39
Book 2
HOTS questions foster critical thinking
scientific skills
Summative Assessment 2 (Chapters 10-18)
(40 marks)
A. Fill in the blanks. (5×1 mark)
1. When factories dump their waste into rivers and make them dirty, it is called _____________
pollution.
2. Newspapers and radio are a means of _____________.
3. Our shadow is shortest at _____________.
4. The national animal of India is the _____________.
5. Early humans made tools out of _____________.
B. Match the following: (5×1 mark)
1. Camel a) high mountain ranges
2. Plateau b) ship of the desert
3. Calendar c) people of India
4. Indians d) land which is higher than the nearby land but with a flat top
5. Himalayas e) shows the months of a year and the days of a month too
C. Underline the correct answer. (5×1 marks)
1. The ___________ tells us whether it is sunny, rainy, windy, or cloudy at any time of the day.
a) season b) weather c) climate
2. _____________ are flowing streams of water.
a) oceans b) rivers c) seas
3. Helicopters are a mode of _____________ transport.
a) land b) water c) air
4. We need air to _____________.
a) eat b) drink c) breathe
5. We get cotton and jute from _____________.
a) plants b) animals c) oceans
D. Write Yes or No. (5×1 mark)
1. The life of early humans was like ours. _____________
2. The Earth has more water than land. _____________
3. The Sun rises at night. _____________
4. Trains run on tracks. _____________
5. Salty water is fit for drinking. _____________
E. Name them. (4×2 marks)
1. Weather of a place for a longer period of time: _____________
2. The main seasons in India: __________, __________, __________, __________, _________
3. Land areas next to oceans: _____________
4. Moving air: _____________
F. Answer the questions. (6×2 marks)
1. Why is the monsoon important?
2. What did early humans use to create fire?
3. Why do we use clocks?
4. What is the atmosphere?
5. How do lizards help us?
6. What is the national bird of India?
5. How do lizards help us?
6. What is the national bird of India?104
Book 2
Question papers at the end of each term in
each book
