This is a quick summary of the life of Francisco De Miranda, The Precursor to the liberation of South America

1. FRANCISCO DE MIRANDA
By Daniel Bauchman

2. THE IMPORTANCE OF HIM
 Why Francisco de Miranda was the catalyst to the liberation of South
America and why was he so important. The first parts I would talk about
the early travels throughout Europe and North America participating in
significant events in history and meeting the most extradentary people
through their time and use those resources and knowledge to have his
goal to liberate South America from the Spanish seeing that is the only
way that can improve society. Along with those mentions is also first
meeting Simon Bolivar allowing him to succeed on his part in the
liberation of South America.

3. THE FIRST REVOLUTIONS
 The England Civil Wars brought changes to an government that is
democratic system that also led eventually the American Revolution
that end up with the government that we are currently living in.
 http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/stuart-england/the-english-civil-
war

4. SUMMERY OF THE FIRST REVOLUTIONS
 These revolutions brought forth a idea that a normal person can be in
the seat of power if they have the trust of the people that they can lead
it. From the these revolutions brought forth ideas of freedom and self
governance for the colonies.

5. THE BIRTH OF A PRECURSOR
 Francisco De Miranda was born to wealthy Sebastian de Miranda Ravelo, and
Francisca Antonia Rodríguez de Espinoza a Creole. When, Francisco was
young. His father was accused to have african blood and had to prove his
honor though going to proving his ligitimacy of being a full blood European.

6. BORN AS A CREOLE
 As being a Creole, a Spanish born in the colonies. He was not able to
get the opportunities compared to his father since he wasn’t born in
Europe. At most he was able to get a officer position in the army but no
further as a high position in the Spain military.

7. MOVING TO SPAIN
 When he move to Spain. He bought a position into the army as a
captain and end up spending a lot of money that his parents gave him.
 From there he started to get into books and hired French teachers to
understand more about the world around him.

8. HIS PERSONAL NEPOTISM IN HIS EARLY
DAYS
 As being known a partier, Francisco was accused of selling onto the
black-market to pay for his lifestyle. He was jailed for this. He bribed a
merchant to smuggle him all the way to the newly founded United
States.

9. IN THE UNITED STATES
 While in the United States he rub elbows with almost all the founding
fathers of the United States but didn’t not take part in there politics. He
was inspired by there government and ideals that he wanted to
eventually adopt democracy to Venezuela.

10. MOVING TO ENGLAND
 As for being a traitor to Spain, The Americans could not help him that
much to allow him to succeed on his goals so he moved to England.

11. HIS WORLD JOURNEY
 While being in England, he did make some powerful friends but it
doesn’t go anywhere in his mission to liberate South America. So he
moves on to most of Europe. He went through Italy, Greece,
Constantinople to have at least someone listen to him to which
eventually around 1787 he met Catherine the Great and both of them
become great friends.

12. FURTHER IN HIS JOURNEY
 Around two years later in Russia, Spain sent a letter to Russia and many
other countries that they want the authorities to hand over Francisco
De Miranda back to Spain. So Catharine the Great sent him away as a
diplomatic mission to London to which he was protected.
If you want to know
the details of his
journey, read “The
History of Don
Francisco de
Miranda's Attempt to
Effect a Revolution in
South America”

13. IN THE FRENCH REVOLUTION
 After catching wind of a revolution in France. He move there and helped
the cause He was given a title and help the French armies defend from
other nations at that time such as Austria and Prussia. Around 1793 he was
arrested for conspiring against the republic for being under staff of General
that went renegade. He was able to prove his innocence. But he was
rearrested under the committee of safety but the people in power didn’t
know what do with him so then he just sat in prison till 1795. Around this
point he was against the revolution since after they jailed him twice without
reason so he conspired against the directory and the government tried to
arrest him for the third time as to before he was acquitted, around 1797 he
was apart of another plot to over throw the government but he escaped to
Dover, England before they can capture him.
Check this site for what
he did during the
French Revolution
http://www.frenchempi
re.net/biographies/mir
anda

14. THE EXILE IN BRITAIN AND UNITED
STATES AGAIN.
 While in Britain for a couple of years, Francisco established a
Gentleman's lodge along with trying to convince the British to help him
in his efforts to liberate his home nation. After no luck he moved to
New York and befriended Samuel Ogden and the current government
under Thomas Jefferson which allowed him to gather support of the
local populace of New York, but legally the government cannot be
involved due to a neutral treaty they signed.

15. THE FIRST EXPEDITION TO VENEZUELA
 Miranda and his supporters took what he got and went to Venezuela in
1806, he end up not succeeding for the reason that there wasn’t any
enthusiasm for a liberation. Eventually the Spanish reinforcements came
and drove them back which they set sail and leave. In 1808 He did get a
message that Britain was going to help them but after Napoleon
invaded Spain around the same time. Spain from that second became a
British ally so they had to put there reinforcements elsewhere.
Eventually hearing of that. He disbanded the expedition and went back
to London.

16. THIRD EXILE IN BRITAIN
 After 2 years in exile. In 1810, Francisco met Simon Bolivar who will be
the eventually liberator of South America who is also looking for
support for their goal to liberate South America. Simon persuade
Francisco to come back to Venezuela to take part in there new
established temp government since Spain was already fighting
Napoleon from his invasion of Spain.

17. FIRST REPUBLIC OF VENEZUELA
 After being there. Francisco pushed forward to make the government
to be fully independent from Spain. He did succeed in that measure but
after a year exactly after declaring. The capital city was struck with a
major earthquake. The people thought it was a terrible omen and they
turned against the new established republic.
Suggest that you
read 1812
Disestablishments:
Orleans Territory,
First Republic of
Venezuela, Tory
Government 1809-
1812
For the full context
on the First Republic
of Venezuela

18. THE DOWNFALL
 Noticing that the government is crumbling. The people who ran it
made Francisco to be the dictator so that he can establish order. As
being pushed against the wall. Francisco entered armistice negations
which end up making all the republicans including Simon Bolivar
fevering made even though he did a hypocritical move by after
withdrawing, he went to a villa estate that he personally owns. On July
25,1812 the armistice was signed.

19. FRANCISCO ARREST
 On that same day. Francisco was arrested for treason due to the signing
and the republicans turn in over in exchange that they can get a
passport and leave Venezuela in exile.

20. DEATH
 For the next 4 years, Miranda would be in prison in Spain and will die
before he trial would die on July 14, 1816
 He was put in a mass grave left unmarked
Portrait of him in
Prison in Cadiz

21. HIS LEGACY
 To this day, Miranda remained huge to the south American identity
tailed as the precursor to there independence and liberation. He is still
widely respected and they consider the actions of Simon turning him
over as one of his blackest decisions that he made. There is still a lot of
discussion on how much he contributed to the South American
independence. But as for me I think he put forward the path to allow
independence and without him. Venezuelan republicans would not that
much outside support compared for him not being there.
 Along with that he made others who wish the same to there own area
of South America to be free to fight for it.

22. IMAGES OF FRANCISCO DE MIRANDA

23. STATUES THAT HONOR HIM
In Philadelphia Statue of him in
London
Statue of him in Havana

24. LIST OF RESOURCES AND CITATIONS
 Biggs, J. (1811). The History of Don Francisco de Miranda's Attempt to Effect a Revolution in South America. Princeton University: E. Oliver, 1811.
 cole, l. (2016, July 21). Lessons from a liberal swashbuckler. Retrieved from The economist:
https://www.economist.com/news/americas/21702528-francisco-de-miranda-and-betrayal-liberty-venezuela-lessons-liberal
 Duncan, M. (2016). The precursors. NA, NA, United States of America.
 From Alexander Hamilton to Francisco de Miranda, 22 August 1798. (1798, august 22). Retrieved from national archives:
https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Hamilton/01-22-02-0062
 Jensen, N. d. (2016, October NA). General Francisco de Miranda. Retrieved from French Empire:
http://www.frenchempire.net/biographies/miranda/
 Minister, C. (2017, August 12). Biography of Francisco de Miranda. Retrieved from Thoughtco: https://www.thoughtco.com/francisco-de-
miranda-2136403
 Racine, K. (2002). Francisco de Miranda: A Transatlantic Life in the Age of Revolution. New York City: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2002.
 Robertson, W. S. (1908). Francisco de Miranda and the Revolutionizing of Spanish America. Washington: Washing printing office 1908.
 Rojas, J. M. (1884). El General Miranda, Por El Marques de Rojas. France: Garnier Hermanos, 1884.
 Six, G. (1971). Dictionnaire Biographique Des Generaux & Amiraux Francais De La Revolution Et De L'Empire (1792-1814) in Two Volumes. NA:
Georges Saffroy (1971).