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- 1. Copyright © 2017, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Advanced EMT
A Clinical-Reasoning Approach, 2nd Edition
Chapter 1
Introduction to
Advanced
Emergency Medical
Technician Practice
- 2. Copyright © 2017, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
• Applies fundamental knowledge of the EMS
system, safety/well-being of the Advanced EMT,
and medical/legal and ethical issues to the
provision of emergency care.
Advanced EMT
Education Standard
- 3. Copyright © 2017, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
1. Define key terms introduced in this chapter.
2. Describe the competencies, roles, responsibilities, and
professional characteristics of the Advanced EMT.
3. Describe the scope of practice of the Advanced EMT.
4. Place the roles and responsibilities of the Advanced EMT
in the larger contexts of emergency medical services
(EMS), health care, and public health.
5. Discuss key issues in the contemporary practice of the
Advanced EMT, including professionalism, the focus on
patient safety, research, and evidence-based practice.
Objectives
- 4. Copyright © 2017, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
• AEMTs
– are a critical part of the emergency medical services
(EMS).
– provide comfort, emergency medical care, and
transportation.
– provide a link between patients and the health care and
public health systems.
Introduction
- 5. Copyright © 2017, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Think About It
• How should Jane and Kevin proceed?
• What are their overall goals in managing this
situation?
• What knowledge and skills do you think Jane and
Kevin will be calling on?
- 6. Copyright © 2017, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
EMS and EMS Providers
• Initially, training focused on patients in MVCs and/
or cardiac arrest.
• Over time training has evolved to meet new
demands in EMS in a variety of situations.
- 7. Copyright © 2017, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
The Contemporary EMS Profession (1
of 3)
• EMS knowledge defined in documents published
by NHTSA.
– National EMS Core Content
– National EMS Scope of Practice
– National EMS Education Standards
- 8. Copyright © 2017, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Figure 1-1
Advanced EMTs work in a variety of settings.
- 9. Copyright © 2017, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
The Contemporary EMS Profession (2
of 3)
• EMT Oath and EMT Code of Ethics describe the
professional conduct expected of EMS personnel.
• EMS providers must be aware of activities and
agendas of major EMS state and national
professional agencies and organizations.
- 10. Copyright © 2017, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
The Contemporary EMS Profession (3
of 3)
• EMS Agenda for the Future
– envisions EMS playing a much more important role in
health care
mobile integrated healthcare (MIH)
community paramedicine (CP)
- 11. Copyright © 2017, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
EMS Provider Levels (1of 5)
• Four nationally recognized levels of EMS
providers
– Emergency medical responder (EMR)
– Emergency medical technician (EMT)
– Advanced emergency medical technician (AEMT)
– Paramedic
- 12. Copyright © 2017, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
EMS Provider Levels (2 of 5)
• Emergency Medical Responders (EMRs)
– Provide simple, noninvasive treatments while awaiting
arrival of higher trained personnel
identify and manage life threats
basic airway skills, CPR, AED, bleeding control
manual immobilization
- 13. Copyright © 2017, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
EMS Provider Levels (3 of 5)
• Emergency Medical Technicians (EMTs)
– Provide emergency medical care and transportation.
Use basic equipment supplied on an ambulance.
Play a variety of roles in EMS systems.
Trained to assess patients.
- 14. Copyright © 2017, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
EMS Provider Levels (4 of 5)
• Advanced EMT
– Training includes all knowledge and skills of EMRs and
EMTs.
– Able to provide limited number of advanced life support
(ALS) interventions.
– Must practice within the Scope of Practice approved by
state and EMS service physician medical director.
- 15. Copyright © 2017, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
EMS Provider Levels (5 of 5)
• Paramedics
– Allied health care professionals who provide complex
assessments and interventions for critical and
emergent patients.
– Complex understanding of anatomy, physiology,
pathophysiology, and treatment modalities.
- 16. Copyright © 2017, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Figure 1-5
Advanced EMT responsibilities include making sure equipment and the emergency vehicle
are prepared to respond to emergency calls.
- 17. Copyright © 2017, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Advanced EMT Roles and
Responsibilities (1 of 7)
• Advanced EMT’s authorization to practice is
based on
– state legislation
– employer policies and procedures
– guidance by a physician medical director
- 18. Copyright © 2017, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Advanced EMT Roles and
Responsibilities (2 of 7)
• Emergency vehicle readiness and operations
– Emergency vehicle must be in good mechanical repair
and driven safely.
– Vehicle must have adequate amount of required
equipment and supplies.
- 19. Copyright © 2017, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Advanced EMT Roles and
Responsibilities (3 of 7)
• Safety responsibilities
– own safety, and safety of coworkers, patients, and
others
– safe medication administration practices
– safety of public
- 20. Copyright © 2017, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Figure 1-6
Teamwork is required to integrate the tasks of patient care and patient transportation.
- 21. Copyright © 2017, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Advanced EMT Roles and
Responsibilities (4 of 7)
• Scene leadership, management, teamwork
– Be confident and in control
– Be empathetic
– Carry out the plan
- 22. Copyright © 2017, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Advanced EMT Roles and
Responsibilities (5 of 7)
• Patient assessment and management
– Ability to assess and manage patients who have a
variety of illnesses and injuries, from minor to critical.
– Be aware of the most current trends and practices in
EMS.
– Be willing to discard outdated knowledge and practice
to add new ones.
- 23. Copyright © 2017, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Advanced EMT Roles and
Responsibilities (6 of 7)
• Maintaining certification or licensure
– Individual professional obligation of each health care
provider
– Requirements include
documentation of mandatory continuing education activities
medical director verification of skills
submission of CPR card
payment of a fee
- 24. Copyright © 2017, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Figure 1-7
Advanced EMTs work closely with other health care and public safety providers.
- 25. Copyright © 2017, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Advanced EMT Roles and
Responsibilities (7 of 7)
• Working with other public safety and health care
personnel
– Emergency medical services are cross-disciplinary;
both public safety and health care personnel.
– Strive to maintain cooperative relationships with other
professionals.
- 26. Copyright © 2017, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Advanced EMT Professional
Characteristics (1 of 2)
• Professional characteristics defined by
– Expectations of public
– Professional group itself
– Other related professional groups
– Most visible way patients and families can judge
professionalism is through interactions with them
- 27. Copyright © 2017, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Advanced EMT Professional
Characteristics (2 of 2)
• Professional characteristics defined by (continued)
– Integrity
– Empathy
– Self-motivation
– Appearance and hygiene
– Self-confidence
– Communications
– Time management
– Teamwork
– Patient advocacy
– Careful delivery of service
- 28. Copyright © 2017, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Figure 1-8
Why is it so
important that EMS
personnel wear
uniforms?
Appearance and demeanor are critical elements of professionalism.
- 29. Copyright © 2017, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Chapter Summary
• AEMTs are an essential part of EMS and of the
health care and public health systems.
• AEMTs are health care professionals of whom the
public has high expectations.