Dr. Wright Drug Court Case

Dr. Wright Drug Court Case
Dr. Wright,
Yes, I do find support with the literature where the criticism is mounted against institutional policy
about the drug court. People are not jubilant that a judge that is not a licensed physician should be
sanctioned rehabilitation without doctor recommendation. I, therefore, find that National drug is
very much in a fight with local and states authority because of the rigid drug court policy. As
denoted by Kraft, & Furlong (2017) Alternative policy instruments can often achieve policy
objectives at lower cost and more efficacious than traditional „command and control‟ instruments.
They can, therefore, be an expedient of reducing administrative burdens imposed on businesses and
others. According to Hepburn 2005 pp. 18–19 stated that
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Juvenile Drug Courts Essay example
Juvenile Drug Courts
Drugs and our youth, the numbers are rising. More and more children today are using drugs without
their parents knowing. What happens when they get caught? It all depends on who caught them. If it
is the parents, usually a big punishment. If it is law enforcement they may have to appear in front of
drug courts specialized to handle juvenile cases. Sometimes the parents may even turn them in, just
for the treatment and help these special courts can offer. The juveniles are then referred to juvenile
drug courts for help. Today there are 72 juvenile drug courts in operation in 41 states in the United
States, with more to come in the future What exactly is a juvenile drug court? What do they do?
How do ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
With the seemingly rising numbers in juveniles with drug problems there is a need more than ever to
specialize programs to help our nations youth. They are needed to help these children overcome
their addiction and clean up their act and move on to bigger and better things. Mostly, first time drug
offenders are sent to these courts to help before it is too late. Drugs are not the only thing that can
send a juvenile to court, alcohol charges can as well. Another important aspect is to ensure that these
teens stay clean. If they don't they can end up with detention sentences, home incarceration, or
possibly moved into the adult court system. Using one example of how drug courts work is from
King County, Washington. Superior Court Judge Laura Inveen is over the juvenile drug court in
King County. "Twenty–five teenagers appear before her every Thursday in the 4–month–old drug
court. All of the youths referred to the court have been either charged with a drug or alcohol offense,
or they are accused of committing property crimes while under the influence of drugs or alcohol.
Juveniles charged with violent or sex–related offenses are excluded. Participating teenagers must
attend weekly court hearings, complete court–ordered treatment, attend school, participate in
individual, group and family counseling, and undergo

Drug Court Case Study
f I had to choose only one comprehensive treatment option to fund in New Jersey, I would choose
drug courts. Drug courts would be a viable choice because it's already been proven as a valid post–
trial method. I would leave drug courts in the post–trial timeline because it naturally seems to make
the most sense for rehabilitation. Drug court allows offenders who are non–violent to avoid jail time
to receive the specific individual treatment needed. This aspect is why I think drug court is such an
important choice, for it treats the offender through a custom like plan designed with their needs in
mind. Drug court is an intensive program that has the ability to positively overhaul a persons life.
Yet it maintains that the offender being treated,

Drug Courts
Drug courts, and other recovery programs hold promise for retaining offenders involved with drugs
in treatment services (SAMHSA, 2014, p.131–132). The first drug court formed in 1989 in Southern
Florida. The change in the criminal justice system came when, tired of seeing the same offenders
appear before the court under the same or similar charges. The group of professionals in Miami–
Dade County combined drug treatment programs with criminal justice structure and authority of the
judicial system (Franco, C. 2010). Since then, over 2,000 drug court programs have been adopted in
communities across the country, though each court houses its own eligibility requirements, making
it somewhat difficult to account for the success of drug courts as a ... Show more content on
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program take defendants through an intensive treatment program lasting for a year or more, with the
end result being sober members of the community with stable employment or positive progress
through a vocational or educational program (DeKalb County Drug Court, 2006). During the levels
of C.L.E.A.N. volunteer defendants have a drug court team. Each team consists of a designated
judge, representatives of the State's Attorney's Office, the public defender or legal counsel of the
defendant, court services, law enforcement, treatment providers, a community representative and a
drug court staff member (DeKalb County Drug Court, 2006 p.34). The drug court team meets prior
to drug court sessions and acts a case–management team for participants in the C.L.E.A.N. program
before each drug court session. Information is shared about the participants based on each team
member's perspective and interaction with them. A professional consensus is gathered from the
available knowledge and used in determining the progress through the phases of individual members
(DeKalb County Drug Court,

Drug Court Case Analysis
Drug court is a court given responsibility to handle drug addicted offenders through comprehensive
supervision, drug tests, treatment services, and immediate sanctions and incentives. Drug court
offers individuals facing criminal charges for drug use and possession a chance to open up to a
substance abuse recovery program instead of jail time. The requirements of drug court are strict
because staying clean or off of drugs is a hard road to stay on. A person on drug court is tested
frequently, they must attend substance abuse recovery meetings and make regular court appearances
in order to abide by the requirements of drug court. Drug court programs bring the full weight of all
interveners (judges, prosecutors, defense counsel, substance abuse ... Show more content on
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Juvenile drug courts are cases involving substance abusing youth in need of special treatment
services. The first juvenile drug court began in Key West, Florida in October 1993. By June 2009
there were around 500 juvenile drug courts up and running in the United States. There are 6 stages
of a juvenile drug court. The stages include screening and assessing the youth to know if they've
used alcohol or any kind of drugs, coordinating services across agencies, helping kids and families,
getting them actively engaged in services, transitioning them out of services, and putting them into
long term supports. The purpose of incentives and sanctions are to motivate the young to make
positive behavior changes. An incentive is something that motivates or encourages someone to do
something. A sanction is a threatened penalty for disobeying a law or rule. With an incentive you
could get a verbal praise, certificates, or gift cards, but with a sanction you could possibly right an
essay, do community service, or go to a juvenile detention.
Adult drug courts The rules basically apply the same for adult drug court as it does for juvenile drug
court. Adult drug court can last anywhere between 18 to 24 months. Adult drug court can result in
the dismissal of the drug charges that's against them. (The charges they was put in drug court for)
after they've completed treatment, remained drug free for at least one year and completed

Drug Courts Essay
Drug courts are specialised programs aimed at criminal offenders who suffer from drug and alcohol
addiction (US Department of Justice, 2015, p.1). Drug courts improve offenders' quality of life by
decreasing substance dependency and improve mental wellbeing. Jane Lee, for the Age, explains
people facing jail for drug and alcohol charges may be placed on a two–year treatment order, instead
of serving jail time. The purpose of a drug court is to secure and maintain drug users in treatment,
reduce non–violent incarceration rates and recidivism among prior offenders (Belenko, 1998, p.6).
This year, a drug court will be created at the Melbourne Magistrates Court, Farrah Tomazin writes.
This implementation is in conjunction with the Australian Government's Ice Action Plan, in hopes to
halt Australia's growing methamphetamine issue. The proceedings of a drug court begin with
identification of offenders in need of drug treatment, following with community ... Show more
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Drug courts improve lawbreakers mental wellbeing, allowing for a halt of criminal activity.
Improvements of wellbeing is a result of drug courts. A study from Mendoza et al (2013, p.787)
found psychological symptoms have a significant impact on the completion of drug courts,
implicating the likelihood of relapse and recidivism. There is a clear relationship between the
completion of drug courts and a reduction of substance abuse and child wellbeing; allowing many
drug affected families becoming reunified (Child & McIntyre, 2015, p.67,85). A study from Boles et
al displayed that children reunified with offenders who partake in drug court treatments are safe
from repeated mistreatment when compared with children not associated with drug court treatments
(Boles et al cited in Child & McIntyre, 2015). It is clear drug courts increase mental wellbeing and
allow for offenders to return to a family orientated

Campus Drug Courts
Other models include more intensive measures involving campus drug courts and the involvement
of administrators, local police, and the judicial system. Dutmers delves into the legality of this issue
and provides a new viewpoint by explaining that prevention programs should implement campus
drug courts, instead of focusing prevention solely on educational methods. As this idea is new and
innovative, most research is based off the success within state mandated drug courts. Nonetheless,
campuses will too reap the benefits that result from these establishments, which includes a decrease
in repeat offenders. Dutmers notes that, "only 27.5% of offenders recidivated" (203). This direct
correlation can be taken a step further because if people are not ... Show more content on
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Therefore, from the research I have gathered, I believe that a prevention program, which combines
campus drug courts and general prevention should be very effective in decreasing the substance
abuse on campus. If administrators and campus police work together to support this idea, then
students will begin to take these matters more seriously. The Higher Education Center for Alcohol,
Drug Abuse, and Violence prevention notes that these support systems are very helpful when
devising campuses programs (5). As previously discussed, many students do not associate any
negative consequences with Adderall and they view alcohol as a rite of passage. However, by
implementing new measures, these misperceptions will soon decline. Students will witness
administrators and police who patrol and advise against these behaviors rather than officials who
overlook or underestimate this public health issue. Students will also see their friends go to court for
these offenses, which should also change these misperceptions. With innovative models, such as the
one described, administrators will be able to take a greater role in this issue and implement more
effective

Drug Courts Summary
This study on drug courts intends to systematically review quasi–experimental and experimental
evaluations of the effectiveness of drug courts. With an emphasis on committing future crimes and
continuous drug use. This report focused on the programs associated with the standard in the
criminal justice system case processing. This review expresses the effects of recidivism in the long
and short–term soundness with the current evidence along with the relationship reduction and
effectiveness. Eligibility for drug court applies to a non violent offender, with proof of substance
dependency. Drug courts stand on the concept that combines drug treatment with legal and moral
authority in the attempts to break the cycle of addiction and the committing ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
While evaluating the drug court programs several types of dependencies were discovered. One
dependency was created because of multiple measures of criminal behavior during the same time of
the follow–ups. Each evaluation had to utilize a particular research sample so that statistical
independence could be maintained. An odds–ratio effect size was used because this type of format is
most appropriate effect size for the outcomes referring to recidivism. The coding of the effect size
was done in such a way that positive effect sizes indicated the treatment group had more of a
favorable outcome than the comparison group. The researchers coded an effect size that quantified
each court's effects on recidivism. There was also the coding of drug court programs, research
methodology, and samples (Mitchell et al., 2012). The results of the study showed that participants
in the drug court programs have lower recidivism rate than nonparticipants. These rates show to be
less following their removal from the drug court programs. These findings express the need for
continuous funding, development, and operation of drug court programs as they prove a reduction in
recidivism. However, when it comes to drug courts in the juvenile judicial system, the finding are
considerably less than adult drug

Drug Courts And The Criminal Justice System
Drug courts are considered to be one of the most successful innovations to be implemented in the
criminal justice system. It was first implemented during the height of the drug war hysteria and the
long epidemic of the skyrocketing rates of incarceration. According to the Bureau of Justice
Assistance (2010), drug courts are a "specially designed court docket, whose purpose is to achieve a
reduction in recidivism and substance abuse among nonviolent substance abusing offenders and to
increase the offender's likelihood of successful habilitation through, continuous, and intense
judicially supervised treatment, mandatory periodic drug testing, community supervision, and use of
appropriate sanctions and other rehabilitation services". Drug Courts were first launched in 1989 by
the Miami–Dade County area of Florida. A local prosecutor by the name of Janet Reno and a few
other criminal justice professionals grew tired of seeing the same faces and same cases reappear in
court so their solution to the problem was to combine drug treatment within the court–like structure.
The number of drug courts since then have proliferated to nearly 3,400 across the United States as of
June 2014 (NIJ, 2015). More than half target adults and a growing number of juveniles, families,
veterans, and various other case types. The innovation of drug courts alters how the court system
handles and monitors drug involved cases and integrates the treatment aspect into their primary
goals. Drug courts

Drug Court Research Paper
Putting in charge of developing a drug court it is dream come true because I have always eager to
help people overcome any obstacles they deal with in the life. Being a drug addict is something very
serious and that cause you to lose your dignity, money and loves ones because once you addicted to
the drugs you will go the extreme miles to get that drug and it will become a necessity instead of a
need for you. Since I have been putting in charge of developing a new drug court that can help
someone, I must first discuss how I will develop that court and criteria but first before discussing the
who is eligible, who is not eligible, and the elements of how the drug court will consist of but first I
have to explain what is a drug court and provide ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Nevertheless, some situations, such as a participant in the program refuse to continue to participate
in the treatment, will result in termination and likely lead to the individual being taken back into
custody. But for someone who violates the terms of the drug agreement by relapsing will result in
extending time adding to their time. But for someone who violates the curfew or show sign of
disrespectful to other people in the program will result to freedom being taken away like he or she
cannot use a cellphone for two weeks, wash all the dishes, no tv privileges. Furthermore, when it
comes to this drug court being successful in this program require successful completion of all the
program is contingent upon remaining drug–free and without arrest for a specific for a specific
period of

Since no drug court follow an uniform standard model, each state addressed the issue depending on
their own jurisdiction model or code with slight variation of the six requirements under Morrissey
(Oram & Gleckker, 2006). In State v. Cassill–Skilton (2004), Washington state statute authorized the
creation of drug courts but failed to provide the provisions for operating the treatment program. The
notice requirement became the center focus of the case where the defendant was admitted into a
drug treatment program but violated the terms of conditions when the defendant was charged with
another offense during the course of the treatment (State v. Cassill–Skilton, 94 P.3d 407, 2004). The
court terminated the defendant from the treatment program ... Show more content on
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This generalized statement can be proven based off the issue going back to judges playing a heavy
role in determining the defendants drug treatment plan and its precedents in making sure the
defendant follows through (NADCP, 2007). The case of Alexander v. State raised the concern of the
fifth Morrissey requirement when the defendant brought his case to trial on the basis that the judge
was "inherently biased" in both sending one to a treatment proceedings and how the treatment is
conducted (Oram & Gleckker, 2006; NADCP, 2007; Alexander v. State, 48 P.3d 110, 2002). The
Oklahoma court recognized the bias that occurs when a judge plays the role as the problem–solvers
by administrating, evaluating and monitoring the defendant's participation of the drug treatment as
well being a judicial adjudicator. Based on this biased, the court determined that a defendant can
object to the presiding drug court judge by filing a pre–hearing or a motion to recuse. The motion to
recuse would automatically be granted, which permits the defendant to disqualify a judge without
cause (Oram & Gleckker, 2006; NADCP, 2007; Alexander v. State, 48 P.3d 110, 2002). In the
concurring opinion, Judge Lumpkin provided alternative methods for protecting defendant's
procedural due process rights. Such methods

Why Is Drug Court Effective
Drug Court is an example of drugs/alcohol intervention programs which monitors the movement of
non–violent drug addicts in a well refined structured treatment programs to help them recover. I
heard about drug court for the first time when we watched the movie in class. I think drug court
gives drugs/alcohol offenders chances to redeem themselves by sending them to rehab and other
services that will help make them better people within the period. Three reasons why I think drug
courts are effective in a community.
Drug courts offer intensive supervision, and intensive care. Drugs/alcohol offenders come under the
court's administration immediately after their arrest and, throughout the phases of the program.
Defendants/Offenders are expected to attend treatment meetings, undergo strict drugs/alcohol
testing, before meeting judge regularly to determine whether their intensity needs to be increased or
reduced after they have demonstrated significant and consistent progress in the treatment program.
Those who fail are given the chance to undergo the program again or be incarcerated.
Reductions in drug usage and overdose, drug court programs examine defendants for drug usage
regularly usually thrice within the month or whenever defendants must appear before the judge.
Specialists keep information regarding drug use by defendants under drug court ... Show more
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Even though, drug court has a history of success, waiving all rights, and pleading guilty just to be
eligible for drug court offer is unfair. Also, I do understand that drugs/alcohol users are supposed to
go through criminal justice but I feel that the best way treat drugs/alcohol addiction is by medical
professionals who specializes in aspect. Finally, when offenders fail one drug testing they are made
to restart the whole program again or sent to prison with no

Drug Addiction In Drug Courts
Research shows that as many as three–fourths of all Georgia inmates have drug or alcohol addiction.
Should we continue to incarcerate these non–violent offenders or divert them away from the prison
system and into special courts. I believe the drug courts will be a good addition to our sentencing
system because it will free up law enforcement resources to fight violent crime. Georgia has been
treating the symptoms of addicted and mentally ill prisoners, criminal behavior, rather than treating
the root cause of those symptoms. As a result, spending on corrections has skyrocketed, with
corrections becoming the biggest driver in state budgets.
New laws allow flexibility in sentencing non–violent drug offenders, and the establishment of what

1) Drug courts have historically been the preferred way to treat drug users/offenders. What are the
requirements for an offender who participates in drug court? How does this differ from the LEAD
program?
To be eligible for drug court, one must plead guilty to nonviolent, low level drug offence, but
instead of going to jail you go through a treatment program that requires random drug test, drug
therapy, and regular meetings with the judge. If you miss your appointments or fail your drug test;
you can be punished, usually with jail time. LEAD is a diversion program, so the people in it never
enter the criminal justice system. Instead, the officer at the time of the arrest can opt out of arresting
you, and divert the person to a case manager, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I personally don't like how much safety net they are on drug use. When Devin told Kristina that she
could mess up "1000 times," and still be in the program made me cringe. Espcially when I saw
Kristina using and being so cool about continuing her drug use, because she knew that LEAD would
always be there for her. But one of the main reasons why I like the program is the fact that it doesn't
force addicts to get clean. It lets them make the choice for themselves, and I think that helps in the
road to recovery. Which is what I saw in the end of the documentary when Kristina realized for
herself that she needed to get clean, and was making the effort because she wanted to, not because
she was forced. Unlike Cari, who decided to start using again just a couple weeks shy of graduating
from drug court. Confirming my thought that you can't force someone to do the right

Core Competence In Drug Courts
INTRODUCTION
Drug courts have become an integral part of the criminal justice system. They offer a specialized
approach for participants not offered in criminal courts. They have filled a void in the criminal
justice system that was left by the war on drugs. Due to this specialized approach, judges must
assume a controversial role in the participants lives. A judge is held to the highest standard in a
participant's journey through the drug court system. Some argue that drug courts are not the proper
way to handle drug offenders. If judges assume their role as a leader, communicator, community
builder, and institution builder participants will gain a lifechanging experience in drug courts.
DRUG COURTS IN AMERICA
In the 1980s, crack ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Drug courts provide closer supervision than probation, the other notable community based
treatment. 17 Drug courts are six times more likely than probation to graduate participants from
treatment. In a study of 2,000 graduates nationally it was found that drug courts have lower rates of
re–arrest than probation. The re–arrest rate after graduation from of drug courts was sixteen percent
after one year and twenty–seven percent after the second year. 18 The re–arrest rates after
completing probation are forty–six percent after one year and sixty percent after two years. 19
Studies show that for every graduating participant the criminal justice system saves from 4,000–
1,2000 US dollars. These savings can be broken down into reduced prison time, arrests, trials, and
victimization.

Drug And The Drug Court System Essay
"A drug court is a special court given responsibility to handle cases involving substance–abusing
offenders through comprehensive supervision, drug testing, treatment services and immediate
sanctions and incentives" ("what are drug courts?"). "These offenders have alcohol, drug addiction,
and depending problems. Drug courts keep individuals in treatment long enough for it to work,
while supervising them closely" ("what are drug courts?"). "In 1989, the first drug court was built in
Miami–Dade County, Florida. The Miami–Dade drug court sparked a national revolution that has
forever changed our justice system" ("what are drug courts?"). "Circuit court Judge Herbert M.
Klein had become troubled by the negative effects of drug offenses on Dade County. He became
determined to address the problem caused by widespread drug use. This first drug court became a
model program for the nation" ("Drug Courts", 2005). The main purpose of the drug court system is
mainly to utilize the programs set in place to help serve the community better, and to deal with drug
offenders in the local community. Each offender, whether they are a drug user or another offense,
have drug courts that specifically tailor to the needs and certain interventions needed. Drug courts
aim to monitor drug addicted criminal offenders and provide them treatment. It also helps these
individuals from obtaining any more drugs, committing crimes due to drug use, helps them to
complete their education, and helps them to

The probation officer explained to the observer that these individuals come in individually because
the details of their case are more private than the others on Drug Court. In a very similar fashion, the
Drug Court proceeded by the Judge asking for input from the probation officers as well as the
service agency representatives. The observer noticed the main theme of Drug Court is for Judge
Barrasse to verify the time spent in sobriety from each person. Upon hearing the answer, the entire
room would respond with an applause. Unlike MHC, Drug Court consists of a series of four phases
in which one graduates from in order to complete the entire program. The individual moves through
the stages at the recommendation of the probation officer and in agreement with the treatment
providers. After the first two groups, the sheriff welcomed the entire group of females, followed by
the group of males, to come into the courtroom. In a similar fashion, one female or male would
come to the front of the room to speak to Judge Barrasse. Again after acknowledging any daily
struggles or successes, Judge Barrasse would ask how long he/she had been sober. Regardless of the
answer, it was followed by a round of applause from around the room. In the event that an offender
failed a drug screen, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
While sitting in the court proceedings, the observer noticed the abundance of support resources
available to offenders if needed. The difference between the success and failure cases is truly how
devoted and involved the offender is in rehabilitation. Dye (2015) emphasizes the well–known
punishment versus rehabilitation debate with greater award being in the community alternatives to
incarceration. These specialty courts affirm a strong sense of community involvement with court
supervision as well as foster the ability to heal in

Essay on Juvenile Drug Courts
Drug Courts came about as a result of a backlogged court system and a steady, rapidly increasing
prison population. Drug courts are a form of diversion that helps the offender through rehabilitation
and the community through an increased sense of protection, which serves the best interest of
everyone. Drug Courts are community based intermediate sanctions that incorporate treatment
principles into the Criminal Justice System and divert drug offenders from traditional punishments
of probation and prison. The objective of drug courts programs is to treat the underlying problems of
addiction among drug offenders and eliminate participants' future drug use and crime.
Drug courts came about as a result of the 1980's "war on drugs" where ... Show more content on
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The drug courts primary goals include abstinence from drug use and reduction of recidivism. They
work to increase community safety and awareness, life skills, and create a sense of well–being.
As with adults, many nonviolent, substance–abusing juvenile offenders repeatedly cycle through the
system due to a lack of intervention measures that would provide sanctions and services necessary
to change their deviant behavior. In an attempt to resolve this problem, many communities have
established juvenile drug courts. Determining the target population and eligibility is centered on
making use of limited available resources. Because of this, most juvenile drug courts focus on non–
violent juveniles with moderate to heavy substance abuse problems. The offender must sign the drug
court agreement and a release of information, which states they admit to committing the crime. The
juvenile drug court treatment program begins with an evaluation process. The program is then
implemented into a four–phase sequence that concludes with graduation. In Phase I, an individual
assessment plan is established that includes a minimum of nine hours of intervention per week. This
intervention consists of social activities and health related classes that cover topics such as AIDS,
HIV, and STD's. Individuals may also undergo family intervention, individual counseling, programs
such as AA/NA, anger–management, self–esteem classes, and support groups.

The Maryland Drug Court Has Failed
The Maryland drug court has failed yet another person and he is now headed to prison. This person
is the love of my life and my three month old son 's father. It all started last Christmas. The day after
Christmas his missed a urine test and was sent to jail for three weeks after informing his parole
officer he was out of town. They told him "You are better off failing a urine test than to miss a test."
even though he submitted a test the very next day. He was the sole provider at the time because I
couldn 't work due to my high risk pregnancy and we were behind on bills. We lost everything
because we could not catch up on the bills. I had to move back home and he moved in with his
mother. He has a past drug problem and was sober for about ... Show more content on
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He told his parole and probation office that he would miss that particular class. Today he sits in jail
waiting to be sentenced for how long he is going to be locked up. He had five years over his head. I
am not going to say the drug court system is 100 percent to blame, but once something happens it is
a downward spiral for many people in this area and he is the latest victim of this failing drug court
system.
The Maryland drug court system has failed plenty of people since it was first introduced 1993,
because of the goals and requirements are unrealistic and the offenders with an actual serious drug
problem in the program are not getting the proper treatments they need to successfully stay clean
once they graduate. In this essay elaborate on the practices that should be changed and if
rehabilitation, detoxification and opioid treatments need to be available were to be implemented it
would improve the program and keep people like my loved one on the right track and not headed to
prison.
In response to the war on drugs, law enforcement started to crack down on misdemeanor drug laws
and increased the convictions for possession and soon after the minor drug violations started to
flood the jails and prisons. So to resolve the repeat offenders coming back and serving lengthy
sentences, the first drug court was established in Miami–Dade County in Florida in 1989. Many
more states and counties followed suit including Maryland in 1993. There has been

Drug Courts: A Brief Summary
7. Both Tiger and Kaye question the notion of drug courts as a positive, liberal alternative to
imprisonment. Tiger focuses on how drug courts attempt to merge the criminalization and
medicalization of addiction, which she argues are contradictory approaches to treatment (Tiger
2011, 170). She expands on this contradiction by discussing how drug courts use medical
terminology in their treatment, yet include very few actual medical professionals in treatment (Ibid,
179). She notes that the main figure in drug court treatment appears to be the judge, a clear figure of
criminalization that takes control of treatment (Ibid, 177). The inclusion of the judge in the treatment
of what is called a disease is inherently contradictory and only serves

Essay On Drug Court
The drug court is specialized and designed for adults, who are not violent but who have problems
with substance abuse, where they are placed in a supervised intensive treatment program as an
alternative sentence of their offense. This can be achieved thanks to the effort that the judicial power
has achieved in coordination with the legal defense, conditional freedom, social services, etc. The
main goal of the drug court is to reduce the use of drugs and so that criminal offenses are not
repeated.
When I attended to observe the drug court in Salt Lake City,I did not really know what to expect, it
was at that moment where I can better understand how the justice system works in relation to cases
of offenders with substance abuse problems. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A particular case in which the individual had been released recently, had to report to the designated
home where he would have to stay for a while and had to arrive at a certain time, but he did not have
how to get there, a boy who has already completed his program, he offered to give him a ride. That
seemed a very nice gesture.
Personally, it was really a fabulous experience, where now I can say or comment with others about
how the drug court system really works for offenders with drug abuse. Overall, attending the
meeting before the court session began was very helpful in order to better understand how the
program works, and how it is assigned to each individual. In this meeting we could hear the judge,
prosecutor, therapist, detectives and probation officers, etc, reviewing each case of the people who
are in the program. Each case of these people is reviewed, regarding the goals, education, work,
family, etc. where they establish concern or happiness for the progress of each person.
In conclusion, I liked and enjoyed very much to see how these people who work in the court have
the same goal of helping these individuals to get out of drugs in order to lead a healthier life. Each
of the members of the court are really involved not only because it is their job, but they mark a
difference in the lives of these individuals, showing them that they really care and expect them to
succeed in the program. Many of these individuals do not have family

Psy/270 Drug Court Case
I believe that drug court is the best option for people trying to recover from using drugs. The drug
court provides a safe place for people who is trying to recover. Drug courts are there to keep the
people away from drugs and the people that do them still so they can get their life put together
again. People are in for a minimum of 18 months for people who have felony convictions, but it
takes atlas 22 to 25 months to finish the program. In the first phase they have at least three random
drug/alcohol tests a week. They also have to attend one court session each week. Be drug free for at
least 30 consecutive days before being considered for promotion to the next phase. The second
phase they move down to only two drug/ alcohol tests a week. ... Show more content on
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The regular way they deal with the drug problem and people getting caught with the drugs isn't
working. All they do is charge them and send them to jail. That isn't teaching them anything. For one
they aren't getting major consequences for it. Second they aren't getting any help from stopping the
drugs. They basically just pay money and sit in a cell nothing getting taught to them how to stop or
not getting punished for it. These people need help stopping so they can stop letting their families
down and ruining their lives. The drug court is there for this purpose. It is there to help people that
want to recover and get their lives together. This teaches people that what they have been doing is
wrong and gets them on the right track. When people learn and go through this program it will
decrease the number of crimes. This court is not a waste of money, this is a program that will
gradually give people their lives and family back. I would say numbers of people would give their
money to get their love ones back and out of drugs. With most people money is nothing when it
comes to

Family Drug Court System
The next article that was reviewed was focused on a service that is provided for parents struggling
with substance abuse. The service is called Family Drug Court and is also referred to as FDC. The
FDC is a child welfare court that specifically deals with parental substance abuse cases. This court
system helps the parents quickly receive drug treatment that is needed, offers a more structured
system for the parents and child, and also holds the parents to higher accountability for recovery.
According to Margaret Lloyd, "Testa and Smith (2009) rigorously reviewed the literature and found
that substance abuse is reported in 11–14% of investigated child welfare cases and in 50–79% of
cases where the child is removed and placed in out–of–home care." The goal of the FDC is to ...
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A family that is participating in the FDC goes through several different phases starting out by doing
tasks such as, random and frequent drug testing, supervised visitations, and drug treatment
requirements. As progression occurs in treatment, visitations, and court the tasks change. The main
topic of this article is to conduct research to find out if family drug courts are effective or not. The
article showed charts and provided information on the research done, the conclusion of the research
was that the FDC is a useful service for families with parental substance abuse. The FDC research
also determined that this program helps reduce the time that a child spends in out–of–home care and
increases the changes of reunification of the child and family. One of the cons of family drug court
is that the parent must finish treatment and the FDC program in order for the statistics to be true.
Services and programs like this are helpful because the family is able to work with social workers,
counselors, and family–training professionals throughout their phases with the

Effectiveness Of Drug Treatment Courts
The Effectiveness of Drug Treatment Courts: An Overview of Three Empirical Studies
Tincen Vithayathil
University of Baltimore
The Effectiveness of Drug Treatment Courts: Three Empirical Studies Since the origination of drug
treatment courts, there has been countless numbers of offenders who have successfully completed
the program and fought their way past drug abuse. There are also a handful of offenders who may
have struggled to change their drug abuse or addiction, and fell short of completing the program. In
this second part of my report, I will be determining whether drug treatment court programs actually
work. To accomplish this task, I will be reviewing three empirical studies to evaluate how effective
the program truly is. The first empirical study that I will be reviewing is the Orange County Juvenile
Drug Court (OCJDC) located in Orange County, California between 1999 and 2006 (Fradella,
Fischer, Kleinpeter, & Koob, 2009). This study consists of 232 teenagers (164 males and 68
females) with the age of these individuals ranging between 12 and 17 years (Fradella et al., 2009). In
this study, researchers attempt to understand why Latino teenagers were graduating from drug
treatment court (DTC) at a much lower rate than rest of the teenagers at the same institution
(Fradella et al., 2009). In the Orange County Juvenile Drug Court, 97% of the offenders are Latino
or Caucasian (Fradella et al., 2009). However, Latinos were graduating at a rate of

When developing drug court programs, drug courts should combine alcohol and other drug
treatment services with the criminal justice system. The two complement each other and ensures
success when participants are willing. Drug courts should use a non–adversarial approach in that
both prosecution and defense counsels work together to promote public safety and protect due
process rights of the participants. Drug courts should ensure all eligible participants are identified
early and placed in the drug court program as soon as possible. Drug courts should provide constant
and consistent access to drug treatment and rehabilitation services. Drug courts should have
coordinated strategies that govern drug court responses to participant's ... Show more content on
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Whenever interventions are instituted, the success rate will never be 100 percent. As it pertains to
drug courts, the success or lack of success could be due to a number of reasons. A few notable
reasons are said to have to do with the way the program is set up, the wrong type of defendants
selected, and even that the program is poorly administered. When measuring a drug court's
effectiveness, it's imperative that all data related to the drug court and its defendants are carefully
evaluated. It has been found that some evaluations performed on drug courts fail to produce positive
results because they many do not completely fulfill all of the research on the courts and the
participants. They fail to follow participants for an acceptable period of time after completing or
were disqualified from the program, and comparisons are often biased. As one can see, there are
many irregularities and weaknesses in many of the evaluations done on drug courts, leaving
inconsistent and questionable findings on whether the program is successful or not (Burke, 2010).
Just as there are supporters of drug courts who will attest to their success, there are an equal amount
of critics who believe that drug courts are ineffective. One of the main factors that has been noted as
the reason for the program's lack of success is that since each state regulates its own program, it's
hard to effectively

Drug Court Research Paper
For my Civic Engagement project, I plan on studying and learning more about Drug Courts. After
reading about drug courts in the state courts chapter and after watching the video, A Better Deal,
about the nations first drug court, I immediately got hooked on the topic and wanted to learn more
about the court in depth. Before we go more in depth about the topic, let's take a step back and ask,
"What is drug court and what is the purpose for it?" Drug court is a specialized court, meaning it is
it's own court. Drug court is a diversionary program that offers offenders a second chance to correct
their drug problems and also offers an alternative route rather than going to prison for breaking the
law due to their drug abuse. The goal for drug courts ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The program manager then called names one by one to line up to speak with the judge. Most were
participants in the program just waiting for their biweekly meeting with the judge. Once their turn
came, the judge would state their progress, tell them what they need to accomplish and then send
them off. There were participants present that were just entering the program, so once their turn
came they stood before the judge with their attorney and the judge then began to explain the route
they're about to take. She emphasized over and over again "This isn't the easy route" and that it's
going to be a long process, but she also emphasized that she cared and she wanted to see all of them
succeed. All the participants that were beginning the program had signed the contracts and begun
what was going to be a long

Drug Court Model
Our textbook describes the two general types of drug courts as pretrial diversion, and post
adjudication (Schmalleger & Smykla, 2015, p 132). Reading the section on drug courts one might
conclude drug courts are the greatest thing since sliced bread. However, I attest this is not the truth. I
have personally seen the effects of drug courts, and they simply do not work. Drug court is an
example of Packer's crime control model. Offenders are placed in drug court because of plea
bargains. Sentencing an offender to drug court leaves the prosecution as well as the defense the
ability to move on to other cases. Furthermore, drug court is a cost saving method of justice in that
an offender does not have to serve jail or prison time, thus, eliminating the cost of incarceration. ...
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One inmate saying, I can't do all that time, I'm going to tell my lawyer to get me in drug court. Many
inmates use drug court as a way to avoid incarceration in jail or prison. Never in my twenty nine
years of law enforcement have I heard an inmate state alcohol and/or drugs are the problem, I need
to be in drug court. Many inmates blame alcohol and drugs for their crime, however, it is just a ploy
to avoid incarceration. Many drug court offenders receive sanctions for their violations, some are
sentenced to a week or consecutive weeks in jail. After completion of the sentence the inmate
returns to drug court and begins the program again, many chances are given by the court. Drug court
has a very high rate of recidivism, and a very low rate of success. I recall one person graduating
drug court with no sanctions. Her picture was in our newspaper, and hailed her accomplishment a
great success. She has since returned to jail on unrelated

Drug Court Treatment Case Study
According to Alarid (2015), drug court treatment is one year in length with court hearings every 2–4
weeks and consists of four phrases or levels. Phase one begins the detox either inpatient or
outpatient. In this phase the client will be assigned a case worker who will put together a plan to
ensure success in the treatment program. Phase two then begins when the client's progress is
improving and signs of cooperation by the client is on a good path. The client when entering phase
two will continue phase one's rules along with pursuing employment or enrolling into school if
applicable. Upon success deemed by the case worker and all involved the client will move on to
phase three. In this phase the client should be near if not fully sober and

The Key Component Of Drug Courts
Not only do the eligibility requirements of drug courts vary across the board, but the way the
programs operate and their outcomes vary considerably, especially when it comes down to how they
choose to operationalize the ten key components (Carey & Waller, 2011; Mackin et. al, 2009). In
1997, the National Association of Drug Court Professionals published these key components. The
first key component is that drug courts integrate alcohol and other drug treatment services with
justice system case processing (NADCP, 1997). Being that the mission of drug courts is to combat
the abuse of drugs and alcohol it is imperative for them to promote recovery through coordinated
responses. The second key component states that drug courts should use a ... Show more content on
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The fifth key component focuses on abstinence being continuously monitored by frequent drug
testing because it is a sufficient way to enforce accountability and track progress. The sixth key
component requires that sanctions and rewards be coordinated into the programs to govern
responses to participant's compliance and non–compliance (NADCP, 1997). Some rewards could be
praise from the judge, reduced supervision, reduced fines and etc. while some sanctions could be
fines, community service, or even jail confinement. The seventh key component focuses on the
importance of judicial interaction throughout the program, which can sometimes occur on a weekly
basis. Key component number eight explains how imperative monitoring and evaluation is to
measure the achievement of program goals and measure effectiveness. It is imperative for drug
courts to display some sort of positive outcome by "gathering and managing information due to
them monitoring daily activities, evaluating the quality of services provided, and producing
longitudinal evaluations" (Mackin et al., 2012). The ninth and tenth components promote the
importance of interdisciplinary education and forging partnerships with other agencies and
community–based organizations. Education and training are important to maintain a specific level of
professionalism and expanding collaborations would be helpful to provide a continuum of services
for drug court participants.

Evaluation Of A Juvenile Drug Court Program
Research Article Analysis In today's society there is an enormous amount of research being
conducted throughout the world. A great many of those studies are occurring on Universities and
campuses, in this paper, analysis of one such study will be reviewed. The article is an evaluation of a
Juvenile Drug Court Program in Lexington, Kentucky. The data that is coming from the Bureau of
Justice suggests that juvenile courts process a higher volume of cases today than at any time in the
past (Hayden, 2012) These statistics represent the trend in persistently high rates in use of illegal
substances among adolescents in the United States and subsequent juvenile court involvement. [The
purpose of this study was to examine these outcomes in criminal offending and substance use for
one of the first juvenile drug courts (JDC) in Kentucky, implemented in 2003 located in Lexington,
Fayette County (Hayden, 2012). This program evaluation was conducted using records provided by
Kentucky Administrative Office of the Courts (AOC) (Hayden, 2012). The concept of a drug court
was conceived in Miami–Dade County, Florida by Chief Judge Gerald Wetherington in 1989. That
court was for adults, and the idea was to provide alternatives to incarceration and probation by
affording offenders opportunities to get treatment with incentives and sanctions to encourage
sobriety and lawful behavior (Hayden, 2012). Due to the success of adult drug courts, and with the
increase in both substance abuse and

Objective Drug Courts
The objective of drug courts is to impede the neglect of illegal drugs and alcohol related criminal
wrongdoing. Additionally, drug courts encourage reclamation using a corresponding reaction to
criminal violators reliant on alcohol and other illicit drugs. More importantly, apprehension of these
objectives necessitates a group method, together with teamwork and support of the prosecutors,
judges, probation officers, defense attorneys, and other correctional facilities staff, law enforcement
agencies, treatment facilities and halfway houses, and public neighborhoods. Federal and State
programs assessing alcohol and drug issues, vocational rehabilitation, housing, and education also
have significant responsibilities in the rehabilitation of drug

Examples Of Drug Court Affectedness
Drug Court Affectedness
Drug Courts are a disclaimer, they allow continuous and repeat drug offenders to waste the taxes
payers money and the states time. While there are other matters that their time could be better spent
on. Yet, drug courts continue to grow, with almost seventy–five up are up and running in almost ever
state. The average amount enrolled in this failing course is ninety–thousand individuals! An in
additional to an average of fifty to sixty new cases daily. Each case roughly costing around three
thousand to thirteen thousand per client, which funds are relied on by tax payers. So, the question
remains, do you support Drug Courts?
The program has a total of five stages, expanding over the course of a year to almost two years,
depending on the success rate the individual pushes for. Stage One: eight weeks. Stage Two:
twenty–four weeks. Stages Three, Four, and Five: twelve weeks each. This is the planned root
lengthen for time in the drug court. Stage one gives them set up of what they are expected to due, a
full time job, to appear in court once a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Now times each other these by thirteen thousand, the number equals a high possibly of 40,729,000
dollars. Thats millions of dollars being wasted on local and federal forced drug rehabs. Many of the
publics voices view remains that drugs addictions is an illness, not a crime. They are wrong. Illness
is a disease or period of sickness affecting the body or mind over a period of time. Illness are
something like being bipolar, depression, cancer, heart disease. Something that is uncontrollable.
Yes, rehab should be available to those who so desire to truly break free from their addictions. But
rehabs and drug courts should not be a get out of jail free card. Jail still needs to be a punishment,
jail show consequence for actions that was taken upon

Drug Court Acts As An Intervention Program
perform that particular action (Harrell and Roman, 2001). On the opposite side of this, people are
more likely to repeat behavior that earns positive rewards.
The goal of these programs is to provide treatment to reduce recidivism of inmates and provide them
with treatment that will allow them to rejoin society. For the participants drug court acts as an
intervention program. It functions by "addressing the problems associated with drugs use, learning
skills to avoid relapse, increasing family involvement, and promoting accountability for offenders"
(Goetz & Mitchell, 2006).
Most drug courts follow a similar model. The defendants entered in the program can come in
through diversion, mental health courts or after they accept a plea to their charge.
First–time, non–violent offender are eligible to voluntarily enter the drug court program. Other
defendants who have already been charged with an offense can also be entered into the program
through a plea if it is deemed they would benefit from treatment rather than jail time.
Problem–solving courts are designed to fix problems throughout the courthouse, not just in
specialized courts. These problem–solving courts have four models: drug court, mental health court,
domestic violence court and community courts. Drug courts aim to provide treatment to the
offenders and get them help rather than punish them. Mental health court seek to rehabilitate
patients through assessment and therapies. Domestic violence courts work to keep

Drug Court Cost Analysis
Drug courts are less costly than traditional courts when it comes to adjudication. The cost analyses
of drug courts have not included the opportunity cost which contributes to the operational cost of the
programs, such as wraparound services–rehabs, transitional living facilities, etc.–which may
promote reductions in recidivism rates. Drug Court is a scarce and precious resource that should be
used in a manner that maximizes its benefits and minimizes its costs to participants and society in
general.
Taxpayer funds finance Drug Courts public programs that is why they receive inputs from a variety
of public agencies that produce outputs that benefit a variety of public agencies.
Public agencies and businesses in the community offer monetary

Drug Court Reflection
I when up to my local court house in Woodhaven Michigan. I was told that for legal reason I was
unable to attend a actual drug court, but was able to sit in on a sobriety court. However I was able to
talk to a probation officer and the manger to obtain information on drug court itself. In this short
essay I will go over, what I learned in about drug court, what I have learn and observed in drug
court, and well as what I have reached. Drug court was first started in 1989 in Miami, Florida. Drug
court came about due to the link between crime and drug abuse. This drug related crimes caused the
jails to become over populated. Drug court became the solution to aid in the recovery of SUD as
well as weed out petite drug related crimes and hard criminals. This is in intensive program with
court supervision, case management for prosecution and/or incarceration. As well as a team of
professional that assist the client in with the court, probation, treatment and police. These
professional meet up with the client to discuss the program and how they are doing in it. This is a
abstinence base program that help with rapid treatment entry, integrated treatment and court service,
drug testing, and a sanctions and reward system (Miller,2015) ... Show more content on
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Once I was got there I was directed to the probation office, I sat waiting for at least twenty minutes
before I was asked if I needed help. If I was a client I would have signed in on a touch screen
monitor, that has two opinions "just out of court" and "already have a probation officer". I was told
that in most case drug court last six months to three years. I was told that most people stay in the
program for one or two years. In this program is the indiviual would go to the courts twice a week
for drug testing. The clients are required to go to AA and or NA meeting. If the individual successful
completes drug court the original charge will be taking off of there record (2018, drug

The Pros And Cons Of Drug Courts
Recent studies of drug court programs show that drug court is effective at reducing recidivism and
lowering cost by offering drug court and treatment as compared to the cost of jail or prison for
offenders. According to the Office of justice Programs (2017), The National Institute of Justice's
Multisite Adult Drug Court Evaluation (MADCE) completed in 2014 found that: 76 % of Drug
court participants reported less drug as compared to 56 percent of probationers and 46% of drug
court participants were less likely to test positive for drugs as compared to 29% of probationers.
Criminal activity was also lower with drug court participants 53 % than with probationers 40% and
there were fewer re arrests of drug court participants 52 % as compared to probationers at 62 %.
Regarding cost effectiveness, the NADCP (2017) reports that "for every $1.00 invested in Drug
Court, taxpayers save as much as $3.36 in avoided criminal justice costs alone". In terms of money
savings for "victimization", it is reported that for every $1 spent, $27 are saved. Drug court has
major advantages compared to the traditional way of punishing offenders in the legal system.
Individuals cannot learn to make changes in jail or prison, the environment is simply not conducive
to change. Drug court offers an opportunity for individuals to still be held accountable for their
offenses while receiving treatment to reduce the likelihood of re offending. There are improvements
that could be made to the drug court

History And Impact Of Drug Treatment Courts
The History and Impact of Drug Treatment Courts Tincen Vithayathil University of Baltimore The
History and Impact of Drug Courts Between 1990 and 1999, individuals who were convicted of a
drug crime rose past 100,000, which accounted for 20 percent of our nation's increased prison
population (Lurigio, 2008). Between 1995 and 2003, the number of drug–related offenders
constituted the largest increase of criminals in our nation's prison population (Lurigio, 2008). In
2004, approximately 50 percent of state prisoners were known to be substance abusers or have drug
dependency (King & Pasquarella, 2009). During these years, drug offenders were crowding dockets,
prisons, and nearly the entire criminal justice system (Lurigio, 2008). Due to the expensive cost of
handling such cases and the difficulty of changing the habits of drug abusers, community based
programs were introduced to slow the drastic increase of drug–related incarcerations (Lurigio,
2008). According to the Office of National Drug Control Policy, Americans owed nearly 32 billion
dollars toward criminal justice expenses, 31 billion dollars toward lost productivity, and three billion
towards property damage in 1998 (King & Pasquarella, 2009). These chain of events built the
foundation for Drug Treatment Courts (DTC) here in the United States. The origin of the first–ever
drug court was located in the 11th Judicial Circuit in Miami–Dade County, Florida in 1989 (King &
Pasquarella, 2009). DTC programs maintain

Drug Court Model Essay
The federal prison population has increased dramatically over the past two decades with drug
offenders carrying mandatory minimum sentences, playing a significant role attributing to its
increase population (Saris, 2013). The twin attack on drug offenses due to the creation of Anti–Drug
Abuse Act of 1986 led to the largest and fastest growing category in prison populations. Many of the
drug offenders incarcerated were nonviolent offenders with 21 percent admitted in 1991 were
reported to not having a single incidence of criminal violence in their background (Murphy, 1997;
Webster, 2015). With the lack of discretion judges had in sentencing non–violent drug offenders
based off a restricted guideline grid, many across the states began devising an alternative. In 1989,
States Attorney of Dade County in Florida, Janet Reno and Judge Stanley Goldstein established the
first ever drug court in Dade County in an effort to address the revolving door of reoffending
(Murphy, 1997; ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The NADCP was formed from the original drug court professionals who gathered to advocate the
effectiveness of the drug court model and to work with future drug court team members across the
country in providing the guidance needed to formulate an effective model (Webster, 2015). Under
OJP funding, it established Drug Court Clearinghouse and Technical Assistance Project (DCCTAP)
in 1995 to aid in planning, implementation, and assessments of drug courts (Webster, 2015). In
cooperation between NADCP and DCCTAP, both organizations convened in a committee to develop
a set of principles or components for drug court to adopt. The report: Defining Drug Courts: The
Key Components, provides a framework for each individual jurisdictions in implementing its drug
court program based on 10 key components of a drug court and provide a performance benchmark
for each of the 10 components (NADCP, 1995; Saum & Hiller,

Drug Courts Argumentative Essay
Drugs have been known to be detrimental to American society. Commonly known as " The war on
drugs". Majority of individuals who are incarcerated have been convicted of some type of drug
offense and if not a drug related crimes. In many instances, a person can be sent to a jail or prison
without receiving the required treatment to help the individual overcome their drug of choice.
Remarkably, there is a court solely focused on an individual with a drug problem, which is known as
Drug courts. Drug courts are beneficial to society because it allows people to see how positive the
judicial system is. There appears to be several stigmas and negative ideals of the court system,
which has created a lack of trust in the system. This is why drug courts are a beneficial source to
improve lives, create rehabilitation programs for offenders, and eliminate the chances of ... Show
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In Idaho, the price to house juveniles is around $100,000 dollars. The two teenagers have been in
and out of trouble since they're addiction to drugs began. With the support of drug courts, they were
able to do the treatment program instead of being in jail or prison. They would meet with
counselors; care providers, educators, once and a week. They both graduated from the program
hoping to obtain they're GED as well as graduated from college. Being entrepreneurs and teachers in
the near future. This proves how the support of peer leaders, teachers, and educators can promote
youth to a path of a promising future. These two teenagers have become new members of society
with hopes to never reentering jail and or prison again.
In an article posted by Kate Mulligan (2014), it stated, "Drug court participation led to a lower
probability of recidivism three years after the initial arrest. Depending on the drug court, recidivism
reductions ranged from 13 percent to 47 percent, relative to the comparison group

Dr. Wright Drug Court Case

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Dr. Wright Drug Court Case