Internship Training Report On Sunshine Garments

Internship Training Report on Sunshine Garments
LIST OF CONTENTS CHAPTER NO PARTICULARS PAGE NO. 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 About
the study. 1.2 About the industry. 1.3 About the company. 1 2 5 2 Purchase department 2.1 Purchase
of Yarn. 2.2 Purchase of Machineries. 9 10 10 3 Production department 3.1Basic production process.
3.2 production process. 3.3 other process. 12 12 13 16 4 Human Resource department 4.1
Recruitment & Selection. 4.2 Training. 4.3 Time Office 4.4 Security Office 4.5 Leave Facility 4.6
Training And Development 4.7 Wages And Salary Administration 4.8 Welfare Facilities 4.9
Maintenance 4.10 Medical Facilities 4.11 Safety Measures 4.12 Transport Facility 19 20 20 20 21
22 23 23 24 25 25 25 25 5 Marketing department 5.1 Functions. 5.2 Communication. 5.3 Export. 5.4
Stores ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
1.2 ABOUT THE INDUSTRY 1.2.1 TEXTILE INDUSTRY IN INDIA Textile Industry in India is
the second largest employment generator after agriculture. It holds significant status in India as it
provides one of the most fundamental necessities of the people. Textile industry was one of the
earliest industries to come into existence in India and it accounts for more than 30% of the total
exports. In fact Indian textile industry is the second largest in the world, second Only to China.
Textile Industry is unique in the terms that it is an independent industry, from the basic requirement
of raw materials to the final products, with huge value–addition at every stage of processing. Textile
industry in India has vast potential for creation of employment opportunities in the agricultural,
industrial, organized and decentralized sectors & rural and urban areas, particularly for women and
the disadvantaged. Indian textile industry is constituted of the following segments: Readymade
Garments, Cotton Textiles including Handlooms, Man–made Textiles, Silk Textiles, Woolen
Textiles, Handicrafts. Till the year 1985, development of textile sector in India took place in terms
of general policies. In 1985, for the first time the importance of textile sector was recognized and a
separate policy statement was announced with regard to development of textile sector. In the year
2000, National Textile Policy was
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Taking a Look at Mafatlal Industries Ltd.
Mafatlal industries ltd. is a large textile industry of India. The company is operating in many textile
sectors such as men's wear, women's wear and kids wear. MIL has spread its fame and fragrance far
and wide. The finesse and quality of its products are world renowned. MIL has a significant
presence overseas and its export markets include UK, France, Australia, Italy, Switzerland, Portugal
and etc.
Mafatlal industry has around 400 dealers and over 35000 approved retailers across the country. The
company's unique strength the capability to make a wide range and variety of fabrics including
Paints, Yarn Dyeds, Solids, Dobbies, Seer Sucker, encompassing an extensive colour palette, these
fabrics from the soul for fashion casuals, classic formal wear for men and women.
Mafatlal garments are a large industry in India but the company is planning to begin from scratch in
Morocco. After doing research at Morocco, we found that lot of opportunities are available for
investing in textile industry in Morocco.
The company deals in garments business consisting of readymade products. Products are cotton
shirts and denim jeans. This manufacturing unit will be indulging in manufacturing shirts and denim
jeans for males. The main focus of the company is to provide products according to our target
customer preferences.
The profile of target customer includes from middle class, upper middle class, male gender of age
between 20 – 40 years with income level between MAD 2800 – 6800. The

Case Study Of Etco Denim
INTRODUCTION
a) Foundation and commencement of the organization "ETCO DENIM PRIVATE LIMITED was
established in vijayapur in 2005, Registered and licensed in the year 2013. It was established with a
view to manufacture quality products and maintains good relation with their customers. ETCO
DENIM PVT LTD is a piece of ETCO Group forward coordination project to its present assembling
action of weaving 6's to 10's cores slub yarns. A ton of exploration has gone into the undertaking, so
that the item will be world class.
The ETCO Denim, And ETCO's Group is advanced by Mr. Ramesh D Shah, A business visionary
with 20 years of involvement in materials, Land and Ventures.
And various plants of Mumbai and Ahmadabad were halted up for long periodsETCO DENIM PVT
LTD. Is ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
PER ANNUM
NATURE OF BUSINESS: ETCO DENIM LTD it manufactures of denim fabric. ETCO DENIM Is
Largest DENIM manufacturer in Karnataka. Etco denim exports its products all over the world. Etco
denim has the various departments in plant which always gives their best result to achieve company
vision. Etco denim not only focuses on profit maximization its focuses to maximize wealth of stake
holder.
Etco denim ltd is has various department like spinning, weaving, material department, engineering
department, human resource dept and more. Man power of organization is more than 1050 so it is
difficult to manage for human resource department but ETCO DENIM LTD human resource
department is superior , its focus on utilization of human resource effectively and efficiently and
provides best results to the organization. HRD provides various welfare schemes to their employees
and maintain good relationship among their employees.
COMPANY VISION
 To fabricate quality items practically identical to global guidelines.
 To client centred and all around focused through delivering better quality fabric.
 To be redesigned to most recent

Technology In Textile Industry
Present Technology that Represents the Country
TUFS was introduced back in 1999 to upgrade most of India's present technology in its textile
industry. Spinning mills availed to the maximum benefit from TUFS. Ring spinning system has long
been the oldest technology to spin any count of yarn with minimal changes to it in India. With
TUFS, air jet spinning has offered manufacturers the opportunity to produce yarn at a relatively high
production rate for a lower cost. The Air Jet Spinning Machine has been offered by Rieter India Pvt.
Ltd., in which the company has been a leading supplier of spinning machinery for India. The
significant reduction in the piecing cycles meant higher productivity as well as higher yarn quality
based on the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Uniquely to Digjam, the company has early access to new DuPont technologies. DuPont has focused
on catering to the exponential environmental concerns through developing Bio–PDO, a bio–based
monomer, sourced ingredient for DuPont Sorona fiber (Digjam Company Profile). Through this
technology and producing Sorona fibers, it has attributed 30% less energy and 65% less greenhouse
gas emissions usage compared to producing a similar fabric nylon 6 (Carpet, Apparel and Textiles).
As the leading textile company, these advancements allows Digjam to promote superior product
quality that is equivalent to any other and environmentally friendly products.
Purchase of new machinery is the key growth driver of India's textile industry. The production of
processing machinery and production of spares have increased drastically. Think Global, Act Local
has contributed to India's manufacturing sector as well as promotion of machinery for textile
companies. As such, Yamuna Machine Works Pvt. Ltd. strives to produce top quality parts for higher
end fabrics. Its aim is to produce eco–friendly textile processing equipments such as the hydraulic
jigger which has made bleaching and dyeing of fabrics much more accessible in the current industry.
A hydraulic jigger allows workers to automatically dye and bleach fabric without having to go
through the

Bread And Roses Summary
In the book, "Bread and Roses"by Bruce Watson, the textile mill workers went on strike to stand for
what's right in Lawrence Massachusetts January 12, 1912. Nearly 30,000 textile workers walked off
their jobs, for 3 months. Workers were furious as they paraded, picketed and stood up violently with
authorities. As they demanded better working conditions, and pay to feed their families. This strike
shook America in many ways leaving Mill owners devastated without workers to work in their
textile mills.
There were strikes before and after but nothing like the Lawrence strike, it was a milestone for the
city, and broadly for labor history and the textile industry, and American immigration. About 27,000
workers were affected with immediate results as wage increased from five to twenty–five percent,
overtime pay and a "premium system". The aftermath of the strike rippled throughout New England
as textile workers were given a wage increase of five to seven percent. Many textile workers were
satisfied with the higher wages and the new conditions that were given. But it was not enough
because they were practically still poor with bad wages.
Working children in textile mills would get abused for not doing their job good enough or fast
enough in 1912. That wasn't freedom they would get punished for half the pay of a grown man and
that was not fair for the children because they were working to help out their family. Mill owners
would beat them with sticks like animals and that's why

Essay on The Impact of NAFTA on the U.S. Textile Industry
The Impact of NAFTA on the U.S. Textile Industry
When the North American Free Trade Agreement went into effect in 1994, many expressed fears
that one consequence would be large job losses in the US textile industry as companies moved
production from the United States to Mexico. Opponents of NAFTA argued passionately, but
unsuccessfully, that the treaty should not be adopted because of the negative impact it would have
on employment in the United States, particularly in industries such as textiles. A glance at the data
four years after the passage of NAFTA suggests the critics had a point. Between 1994 and mid–
1997, about 149,000 US apparel workers lost their jobs, over 15 percent of all employment in the
industry. Much of this job ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, the issue becomes more complicated when one takes a closer look at the data. To be sure,
there have been job losses in the US textile industry, but clothing prices in the United States have
also fallen since 1994 as textile production shifted from high–cost US producers to lower–cost
Mexican producers. This obviously benefits US consumers, who now have more money to spend on
other items. The cost of a typical pair of designer jeans, for example, fell from $55 in 1994 to $48 in
1997. Nor is the fall in prices simply a result of the movement of production from the United States
to Mexico.
NAFTA has also resulted in textile production being moved from Asia to Mexico. In 1980, 83
percent of all US textile imports came from Asia. By 1997, Asia accounted for 41 percent of US
textile imports as companies switched their source of textiles from Asia to Mexico. An example of
this trend is the US clothing retailer The Limited Inc., which in 1997 switched its source for textile
products from Sri Lanka to Mexico. According to a spokesman for The Limited, although wages in
Mexico are three time the $60 per month that apparel workers make in Sri Lanka, it's cheaper and
faster to move goods from Mexico to the United States than from Sri Lanka. Under NAFTA there
are no tariffs on imports from Mexico, but there is a 19 percent tariff levied on textile imports from
Sri Lanka. When all

A Study on Home Textile Export Performance with Special...
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION AND DESIGN OF THE STUDY
1.1 INTRODUCTION
The Textile industry in India is one of the largest segments of the Indian economy, accounting for
over one fifth of the country's industrial production. It provides employment to about 15 million
people. The Home Furnishings industry in India falls under the purview of the textile, which has
witnessed unprecedented growth over the last few years. With the increased exposure to the
international scene in the recent past, the Indian market, and the Indian consumer has evolved into a
design and trend conscious citizen.
The urban home furnishings retail market is estimated to be Rs. 9,300 crore and is expected to reach
Rs 20,000 crore by the year 2012. The bed and bath ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The opening up of economy gave the much–needed thrust to the Indian textile industry, which has
now successfully become one of the largest in the world. India textile industry is also the largest in
the country in terms of employment generation. It not only generates jobs in its own industry, but
also opens up scopes for the other ancillary sectors. Indian textile industry currently generates
employment to more than 35 million people. It is also estimated that, the industry will generate 12
million new jobs by the year
2010.
This study is to evaluate the home textile export performance in Karur and to analyse the strength,
weakness, opportunities and threats related to their export. The present study was aimed to find
conclusion for the issues and suggest measures for the same
1.5 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY The present study utilized both primary and secondary data. .
The data from the respondents were collected through interview schedule method originally as the
study was based on primary data the questionnaire used for the schedule was in English. Closed –
ended question form and multiple choice questions was used in the schedule. The opinion and
suggestion of the respondents on the topic under discussion also elicited.
The secondary data was extracted from document sources various publication of the central , state or

Global Trade In Textile Mill
So you're a cotton farmer –– what's most important to you? Sure, you want to make money and,
sure, you want to provide for your family – you understand that. But what are you doing to
understand your customers? You may say it doesn't matter, I can always ship into the loan, my coop
will handle it, my local pool worries about customers.
Do you care about the market? What makes up your market? Your merchant or coop help to make
up your market, certainly. But what about their customers, the textile mills? What affects their
market and how does that market matter to you? You may say, I'm a farmer, not a textile mill. But a
textile mill will say, he is your customer: You will pay attention or he'll buy from someone else.
There's a lot of cotton ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They either go down market and try to survive at the bottom of the supply chain or they move up
market stressing quality and value. Increasingly mills are opting for the latter option by focusing on
a wider variety of products, improving quality and providing better value.
Yet these changes are not without problems. Despite all the progress the cotton industry has made in
marketing its products, the industry still has to compete with the synthetic fiber companies – which
are terrific marketers as well. However, fiber companies are not limited by an industry–wide
approach to selling its products. Virtually all fiber companies stress sales of branded products. This
is an advantage as they can focus on attributes of their products to stand out from the competition.
It's harder with cotton. Other than some sustainable production initiatives, the cotton industry has
chosen to market its products in a broad sense, but by doing so, this has only reinforced cotton's
image as a commodity product. Cotton is just cotton – a sentiment heard up and down the entire
textile supply chain. What distinguishes cotton from synthetics? Devising an answer to that question
remains the challenge for

Textile Industry Essay
ABSTRACT
The Textile industry in India has generated huge employment for both skilled and unskilled labor in
textiles . It continues to be the second largest employment generating sector in India. It offers direct
employment to over 35 million in the country. The share of textiles in total exports was 11.04%
during April–July 2010, as per the Ministry of Textiles. Textile industry is one of the oldest industry
of India. INTRODUCTION Textile Industries are concerned with the production of clothing using
synthetic and raw materials. After agriculture textile is the only industry that has generated huge
employment for both skilled and unskilled labour. The people of harrapan civilization use to do
textile work as founded by archeological surveys .India is considered to be the second largest
producer of fibre in the world mainly cotton.Other fibre produced in India are silk,jute,wool and
man–made fibres 60% of which is cotton based. The four sector of textile industries in India are
1.Cotton Sector
2.Handloom Sector
3.Jute Sector
4.sericulture and silk Sector
Cotton – Second largest cotton and cellulosic fibres producing country in the world.
Silk – India is the second largest producer of silk and contributes about 18% to the total world raw
silk production.
Wool –India has 3rd largest sheep population in the world, having 6.15 crores sheep, producing 45
million kg of raw wool, and accounting for 3.1% of total world wool production. India ranks 6th
amongst clean

Essay On Pollution In Textile Mill
Research
Pollution
Most processes performed in textile mills produce atmospheric emissions. Gaseous emissions have
been identified as the second greatest pollution problem (after effluent quality) for the textile
industry. Speculation concerning the amounts and types of air pollutants emitted from textile
operations has been widespread but, generally, air emission data for textile manufacturing operations
are not readily available. Air pollution is the most difficult type of pollution to sample, test, and
quantify in an audit.
Air emissions can be classified according to the nature of their sources:
Point sources:
Boilers
Ovens
Storage tanks
Diffusive:
Solvent–based
Wastewater treatment
Warehouses
Spills
Textile mills usually generate nitrogen and sulphur oxides from boilers. Other significant sources of
air emissions in textile operations include resin finishing and drying operations, printing, dyeing,
fabric preparation, and wastewater treatment plants. Hydrocarbons are emitted from drying ovens
and from mineral oils in high–temperature drying/curing. These processes can emit formaldehyde,
acids, softeners, and other volatile compounds.
Residues from fibre preparation sometimes emit pollutants during heat setting processes. Carriers
and solvents may be emitted during dyeing operations depending on the types of dyeing processes
used and from wastewater treatment plant operations. Carriers used in batch dyeing of disperse dyes
may lead to

Case Study Of Kamal Textile Company
Executive Summary:
This report is based on an interview conducted from HR Manager of SO KAMAL Textile Company.
It is primary data collection and the main problem is that the Employee Policy and budget. Because
SO KAMAL is not being able to give bonus to their employees, SO KAMAL also facing the
difficulty of the erratic electricity and gas supplies in Pakistan. In this report their problems have
been identified and recommendations are also given. If SO KAMAL Textile Company takes these
recommendations in their organization, then surely the company will flourish and will move towards
the success.
Introduction to the organization:
Kamal limited is one of the oldest and foremost textile manufacturing houses of Pakistan.
Established I 1950 ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Policy making for employees and budget distribution.
2. Erratic electricity and gas supplies in Pakistan, as well as by high energy prices, shifting policies
and poor security conditions have brought a few difficulties to the organization.
Background:
The purpose of this report was to find out what is the biggest problem that the Kamal Textile
Company was facing and how they were dealing with the situation and what steps they were taking
to resolve the issue. While interviewing the HR manager, we come to know that they were dealing
with the situations.
Scope and Limitations:
This report is going to be very important for the organization, as we have suggested many authentic
recommendations in this report. Through our report the manager can get an idea how he can resolve
these problems. We have also talked to some employees of the organization regarding what are the
problems they are facing while working in the organization. Different employees have different
problems but most of the employees are satisfied and happy with their jobs. But the other employees
who are facing some problems, we have made some recommendations that the company can
implement in their organization and prepared a report. These recommendations will surely improve
the performance of the organization and they will become steadier in achieving their goals as this
report is very beneficial for the organization. The most important problem that the employees are
facing that the organization does not have any proper policy regarding them and it is very important
to have this policy in the

Explain How Far Nelsons Fits into the Overall Development...
If we look at Nelsons Industry and work, its evidence is similar to other Northern parts of Britain
because it teaches us that Nelson changed from being very rural to an industrialised area. Farm lands
were replaced by factories. This is typical to what happened in other textile towns. This is reinforced
by source N. The two maps show us the difference that occurred in 57 years. It shows the 1844
version and 1901 version of Nelson. In 1844 we can see that most of the area was of rural life and
poorly populated however 57 years later it shows us a much more industrialised version with very
crowded areas. A number of Textile Factories were built, which lead people migrating from other
towns to find work.
Mills were intentionally built ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Source L signifies that there was no age limit for people to start working. Usually a "family works
together...father, mother, sons and daughters". Many children started work at the age of 5. Some
children were even set out to carry out very inappropriate jobs, such as picking up pieces of left over
cotton from under working machines. It shows that employees are happy working together and no
harm has been caused towards them. This is very dangerous and would result in causing major
injury. However this source has been written by "William Ecroyd" the founder of the Ecroyd factory.
We cannot trust this source to a great extent because Ecroyd may just want to give his mill a good
name and may be mendacious about what he is writing.
After World War II Britain could no longer afford the expense of administering one quarter of the
world's population, it wanted to protect its own land which comprised 1/600th area of World , the
current UK [7]. In the mid 1900's, Britain lost its empire. This meant that Britain could no longer
trade with the other countries they had power over. Therefore a huge majority of mills, weaving
sheds, coal mines and factories had closed down due to government regulations. Britain stopped
exporting and importing goods and this directed to a lot of people not having employment. This then
gave way to China, Russia and the USA to embark upon the golden opportunity and take over.
All these sources

Sport Manufacturing Brands
Chapter 1
Introduction
1.1 Introduction
Jersey is defined as a plain–knit, machine–made fabric of wool, silk, nylon, rayon, and so on. It is
soft and elastic and thus widely used for garments. (Dictionary.com, 2008) A jersey is a shirt worn
by members of a team, typically depicting the athlete's name and team number as well as the
logotype of the team or corporate sponsor. A good jersey is very important for players to great
performance in a competition. Nowadays, people focus more on the design of jersey including its
colour besides its specific properties. For players as well as supporters, they prefer jersey which has
the colour that represents their own country. For example, in 2014 World Cup, Puma had designed
jersey in green and white colour for Algeria. The green colour on the jersey is the same green as the
nation's flag. The main characteristics that a jersey should have are the ability to disperse sweat
easily, light weight, durable, breathable and comfortable to be worn.
In the past, the materials used to make jersey were 100% cotton, 100% polyester and polyester
cotton blend. Each material can produce jersey with special characteristics. For 100% cotton, the
jersey will have a good durability and utility as cotton is stable chemically. Besides that, cotton is
inherently soft and hypoallergenic. Cotton is also durable and breathable which give the jersey its
cooling properties. This is due to the fact that cotton soaks up moisture easily. After soaking up the

Case Study Of Vardhman Group
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Usually, selling of Vardhman Group focuses on the needs of the seller, marketing on the needs of the
buyer (customer). The purpose of business is to get and keep a customer. Or, to use Peter Drucker`s
more refined construction to create and keep a customer. (through product differentiation and price
competition)
Vardhman Group domestic or international marketing involves the marketing of goods and services
outside the organization`s home country. Multinational marketing is a complex form of international
marketing that engages an organization in marketing operations in many countries. Domestic or
international marketing refers to marketing activities coordinated and integrated across multiple
markets.
A firm`s overseas ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Initially, policies were drawn to provide employment with a clear focus on promoting the small–
scale industry. The scenario changed after 1995, with policies being designed to encourage
investments in installing modern weaving machinery as well as gradually eliminating the pro–
decentralised sector policy focus. The removal of the SSI reservation for woven apparel in 2000 and
knitted apparel in 2005 were significant decisions in promoting setting up of large–scale firms.
Government schemes such as Apparel Parks for Exports (APE) and the Textile Centres
Infrastructure Development Scheme (TCIDS) now provide incentives for establishing
manufacturing units in apparel export zones.
The new Textile Policy of 2000 set the ball rolling for policy reforms in the textile sector, dealing
with removal of raw material price distortions, cluster approach for powerlooms, pragmatic exit of
idle mills, modernisation of outdated technology etc. The year 2000 was also marked by initiatives
of setting up apparel parks; 2002 and 2003 saw a gradual reduction in excise duties for most types of
fabrics while 2004 offered the CENVAT system on an optional basis. The Union Budget of 2005–
2006 announced competitive progressive policies, whose salient features

Cotton Textile Industries in India
INTRODUCTION
The Textile Industry occupies a vital place in the Indian economy and contributes substantially to its
exports earnings. Textiles exports represent nearly 30 per cent of the country's total exports. It has a
high weight age of over 20 per cent in the National production. It provides direct employment to
over 15 million persons in the mill, powerloom and handloom sectors. India is the world's second
largest producer of textiles after China. It is the world's third largest producer of cotton–after China
and the USA–and the second largest cotton consumer after China. The textile industry in India is
one of the oldest manufacturing sectors in the country and is currently it's largest1.
The Textile industry occupies an important ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Textiles production increased 10 per cent over 2004. The growth was fuelled by a 22 per cent rise in
production of other textiles (including apparels). Cotton textile also posted an increase of nine per
cent.
Textile Trend
India is the world's second largest producer of textiles and garments after China. It is the world's
third largest producer of cotton–after China and the USA – and the second largest cotton consumer
after China. The textile and garment industry in India is one of the oldest manufacturing sectors in
the country and is currently the largest . The textile and garment industry fulfils a pivotal role in the
Indian economy. It is a major foreign exchange earner and, after agriculture, it is the largest
employer with a total workforce of 35 mn. In 2005 textiles and garments accounted for about 14 per
cent of industrial production and 16 per cent of export earnings. In cotton yarn production India has
made a mark in the world textile scenario. It is the largest exporter of the cotton yarns in the world.
Besides yarn exports, India's growing garment industry is working as a driving force to improve the
yarn quality and to increase the production of cotton yarn.
During 2004–05, production of fabrics touched a peak of 45,378 million square meters. In the

Life of Workers in Staithes Essay
Close by the giant textile mill row on row on row of drab terrace houses huddle together as if to fend
off the bitter cold of a winter night in December of 1811. Night obscures the narrow streets of the
industrial village of Holmeside as morning's hesitant light pokes through the canopy of dismal
clouds. Inside the mill, workers have been toiling for hours. They rose from their beds early and put
on their work clothing. The lucky ones ate a crust of bread and drank the remains of yesterday's milk
before stepping out into the chilly darkness to make their way to the mill. They carried the smallest
children. Older children plodded along sleepily as if newly raised from the dead and not yet
accustomed to walking. The eldest child is the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
All that is human is troubled by their failure to benefit except by Death's summons. The portal of the
grave is their only means of escape.
Some said the disadvantages of the poor were their own making. Many believed that the working
poor were not fully human, but a bestial and inferior species, unlike themselves, specifically
supplied by Providence as servants through whose labour they ran profitable enterprises. The poor
were seen as a raw material in the same class as wool and cotton. They were cheap to employ and
easy to replace. Those that looked down on workers failed to see that working conditions in textile
mills were why workers were afflicted with conditions for which no treatment existed.
These early morning people move in procession through the streets, uniting with others at street
junctions to form broader streams, merging with other streams as they neared the mill to form a
grand current of humanity closing on the massive iron gates of the mill that were symbols of
imprisonment. Once inside the gates, workers fanned out to go to various work stations to work as
machine minders in the manufactory. This was the common condition of men, women, and children
in the hard textile country of Yorkshire's West Riding. The characters of Yorkshire folk were forged
in the crucibles of harsh terrain and exacting industrial environments.

Indian Apparel Industry- an Overview
INTRODUCTION
The Indian Textiles Industry has an overwhelming presence in the economic life of the country.
Apart from providing one of the basic necessities of life, the textiles industry also plays a pivotal
role through its contribution to industrial output, employment generation, and the export earnings of
the country. Currently, it contributes about 14 percent to industrial production, 4 percent to the GDP,
and 17 percent to the country's export earnings. It provides direct employment to over 35 million
people.
The Industry is closely linked to agriculture, the ancient culture and traditions of the India, making
Indian textiles sector unique in comparison with other countries. This also provides the industry
with the capacity to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Cotton yarn production marginally outpaced the increase in the total yarn production. India
contributes about 23 per cent of world spindles and 6 per cent of world rotors (second highest in the
world after China)
FABRIC
Fabric production has been increasing constantly over all sectors, with an 8.6% increase in 2006–07.
Cotton makes up almost 50% of the total fabric production in the country, and is outstripping the
growth, with a 9.6% increase from 2005–06.
This sector consists of about 3.9 million handlooms, 380,000 "powerloom" enterprises that operate
about
1.7 million looms, and just 137,000 looms in the various composite mills. Modern shuttle less looms
account for less than 1 percent of loom capacity. Looking from the viewpoint of method of
production, it can be seen that the share in output of handlooms and mills has fallen down
considerably over the last decade. And the major chunk of production is in the powerloom sector.
THE APPAREL INDUSTRY
The Garment Industry of India is a Rs 1 trillion industry. Almost 33% of its knitwear production and
about 20% of its woven–garment production, both by volume, enters export markets. Overall about
25 % of the volume of its garment production goes into export markets, leaving 75 % for domestic
consumption.
The Industry covers over one lakh units and employs about 6 million workers, both directly and
indirectly in almost equal proportion. The indirect portion helps to sustain the

Window Treatments Essay
The window treatment business is a multi million dollar industry that dates back to the 17th century
around the time of the Industrial Revolution. Even during economic down times consumers
frequently replaced window treatments rather than redoing an entire room. There are over 3500
establishments that sell window coverings. Window treatments can be very important purchase
considering all the benefits they have to offer. A homeowner will have to consider what their needs
are for window treatments and if ready made or custom made treatments will meet their needs. A
homeowner will have the option to purchase either ready made or custom made treatments and each
situation will differ but the homeowner will find benefits and one will be ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Ready made window treatments are mass produced, prefabricated treatments that can be easily
found at most major retailers, discount stores, and a large number of catalog and online stores. This
makes them easily accessible and convenient allowing them to be brought home and hung the same
day for instant gratification. Custom made treatments are a little more involved than driving to a
store and taking the window treatments home. The homeowner will have to decide if they are going
to hire a professional designer or recruit the help from an associate at a retail store that specialize in
custom made treatments. The whole process can take months with more decisions to be made and
time to make them. Another thing a homeowner will have to consider is the size and shape of a
window. Ready made draperies will be available in a limited number of lengths the most common
being eighty four and ninety six inches long which would mean that these would not work well for
taller windows where the draperies would not be long enough to touch the floor. Most ready made
panels are offered in only one width which is usually only sufficient to close over a thirty six inch
wide window or smaller or would be fine if they were meant to be stationary. If a wider width is
desired, multiple panels that are not sewn together would have to be purchased. When pursing the
custom avenue one would find out that custom window

Home and Community Development
Have you ever arrived home from a long day at work and just wanted to go inside and relax? Who
am I kidding of course you have! Then as you walk through the doorway you know something is
wrong, you look around and realize there will be absolutely no relaxing tonight. The new puppy dog
your family just had to have has destroyed your carpet, or maybe you wake in the middle of the
night to several inches of water inside your house. Whatever the situation is, almost all of us have
had to get new carpet fast.
The words that usually run through peoples heads first are oh no. The second words are usually what
am I going to do? The answer is simple give Vickrey carpet laying a call. We will take care of
everything!
Ok, before I get to far, let me explain what has gotten me involved in carpet. There was always an
interest for me, transforming a barren room into something seemingly completely different in a
matter of days. However the thing that actually prodded me into getting a job at Vickrey Carpet
laying was he lure of learning a trade. I knew I wanted to make money but, laying carpet I would
learn a trade, a specialty if you will that I could always fall back on.
I thought that all I was going to learn was the trade. Oh, how wrong could I have been! I have
learned countless lessons as well as the value of an honest days work. I guarantee that it will never
cease to surprise you what a job that will teach you especially for a young person. This has helped
me completely turn my

Impact Of The Textile Industry On The Environment
Industries Can Change
In a world full of competitive markets, companies take many risks in order to make the most profit.
Businesses strive to make money off of satisfying customer demands. In recent years, a heightened
awareness for the environment has caused customers to demand more natural products. Knowing
how a product is made can help the consumer make informed purchases. Conscious consumerism
can help further reduce the human impact on the environment. In response to this demand,
companies have increased their effort in the manufacturing sector to "go green" by producing items
more sustainably. However, the task of differentiating the companies who are actually "going green"
and those who aren 't, is difficult. Those companies who ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
After fertilizer application, the fertilizer can runoff into bodies of water and degrade aquatic
ecosystems. However, alternative methods have been implemented which impose a lower impact
while still producing the same end product. Growing the raw materials organically reduces the
amount of energy expounded to grow the raw materials because fertilizer is not used to grow the
crops. In fact Dr. David Pimental provides more insight as to extent of reduction of energy used in
organic farming "[O]rganic farming systems used just 63% of the energy required by conventional
farming systems, " (qtd from Anne). The main reason the difference in energy use is so high is due
to the fact most of the energy in conventional farming coming from producing the fertilizer. Since
organic farming does not require fertilizer the process uses less energy in order to do so. The Global
Organic Textile Standard, or GOTS, is the most prominent aspect of the change ongoing within the
industry. Their primary goal is to ensure that there are globally accepted requirement to "ensure" that
the textile is actually organically made. That means the whole process from start to finish is
accomplished through "environmentally and socially responsible" means. Starting with cultivation,
the only way a textile manufacturing company can be considered for GOTS approval is to have the
textile "products" made with 70% of organic fibers (Global Organic Textile International Working
Group). "Organic" fibers mean

Lowell Mills
The Lowell textile mills
The Lowell textile mills were a new transition in American history that explored working and labor
conditions in the new industrial factories in American. To describe the Lowell Textile mills it
requires a look back in history to study, discover and gain knowledge of the industrial labor and
factory systems of industrial America. These mass production mills looked pretty promising at their
beginning but after years of being in business showed multiple problems and setbacks to the people
involved in them. Lowell mills were located in Lowell, Massachusetts and specialized in
manufacturing cotton cloth. The strong currents from the surrounding streams of water powered the
mills machinery. More often then not, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Boarding houses were dormitories owned and located close to mills. At first mill girls enjoyed the
peaceful life of the boarding houses but soon it seem like the company was not only fixated on
controlling and regulating every aspect of there working life but their leisure life also. Boarding
house keepers and overseers were to be held responsible to a superintendent who of necessary must
be a person of character and

Swot Analysis On Textile Industry
TEXTILE INDUSTRY IN INDIA In India, textile industry is more of labor intensive industry. It is
because it provides livelihood to unskilled laborers where they play an important role in the
development of the economy. Textile industry also has an impact to the society as a whole as it
comes under the basic necessities of human beings. Due to changing social and economic factors,
there has been an increase in demand in this industry. After removal of trade tariffs and non tariff
barriers in 2015, countries like Japan, China, Hong Kong, India have emerged successfully in textile
industry. In Indian textile industry, 14% is contributed to industrial production, 16.6% to export
earnings and 4% is contributed to the Indian gross domestic product (GDP). The maximum
employment generation after agriculture is textile industry where 40% is exported. Foreign direct
investments (FDI) have invested in green field units in textile machinery, technical textile, garment
and fabric manufacturing. Textile industry in India has entered into the Chinese market as well. The
famous world apparel retailers have sourced ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It also helps to determine the decline or growth of a particular market. POLITICAL ASPECT: For
an industry to gain trust and goodwill, it is necessary for them to consider legal and political aspect
as a part of the strategies. The industry should follow the policies and set rules and regulations of the
government so that the industry is considered and recognized as an authorized business company. If
rules and polices are being followed, it shows that the industry values the policies set by the
government as per the business operations. In this aspect, it involves the following:  Tax policy 
Employment laws  Environmental

Slavery: The Cotton Industry
Cotton has been utilized to make texture for a great many years. Antiquated Egyptians, Chinese, and
Indians wore garments made of the cotton that developed in their sub–tropical atmospheres. The
way toward changing over the filthy and seed–filled bolls of crude cotton into string, and the string
into texture, was bulky and work escalated, and the completed item was accordingly costly.The
cotton industry if not by far is one of the most lucrative industry discovered. we live in a world
where all we do is consume and not giving a care as to whom producing the item as long its useful
to us. we don't really ask question regarding the laborer, it was like this during slavery and still is till
this day despite all the technology we have where information ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Cotton was in such high demand european would star enslving African from Africa in order to have
them work in these big plantation, in herrible condition. "During the picking season, slaves worked
from sunrise to sunset with a ten–minute break at lunch; many slaveholders tended to give them
little to eat, since spending on food would cut into their profits." As the quote above show one of the
consequences of cultivateing cotton is the live of African. During that time Africaan would get
treated like sub–human with no regard. the cotton business, energized by slave efficiency changes
and their related enduring was likewise a chief mover, making the surplus used to grow generation.
Slaves' bodies were sold; blasts and busts hit the US "west" at the time it was the west; NY, London,
and Amsterdam financed the creation on the backs of slaves, which were critical to the take–off of
the Mechanical Insurgency. A business man mentality has been been cut down labor and employee
cost while making large sum of profit in the back of regular citizen. that type of mindset drive is
what drives to slavery and child labor.'' Another social moral issue that the cotton industry bring
about is the use of child labor. The article the social and moral issues associated with Cotton
production did a good job at mentioning some of the social issues in the cotton industry " There are
many moral issues in the cotton industry like devoting our natural resources to high priced garments
instead of feeding the poor, but the recent problem that has grown some concern, is child labor and
slaves." Country like china would utilize tyke work because of the way that high wage occupations
of providing us with cotton are moved to places where there is modest work for it. Accordingly,
numerous are subjugated to create

Muslin In Jane Austen's Northanger Abbey
The muslin dress was the most symbolic item associated with Regency women fashion. The word
muslin could be used for both fabric and dress made of it. It is plain–woven light soft cotton fabric
without a pattern. Muslin was used as a foundation of a dress or as dress by itself.
Jane Austen exhibited her real interest in fabrics and fashion through her writing, but muslin in
particular played an important role in her novel's characters' lives. In her novel "Northanger Abbey",
heroine Catherine Morland asks Henry Tilney on the first time she met him in the Lower Rooms in
Bath: "Do you understand muslin, sir?" and he answers "Particularly well, I always buy my own
cravats and am allowed to be an excellent judge and my sister has often trusted me in the choice of a
gown. I bought one for her the other day and it was pronounced to be a prodigious bargain by every
lady who saw it. I gave but five shillings a yard for it and a true Indian muslin". ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
The first mention of muslin according to the book "The Arthashastra" (Kautilya, 300CE cited in
Civil Services Examination Indian History with Objective Questions and Historical Maps by Dr.
V.K. Agnihotri). Some sources mentioned that the name of muslin came after the city of Mosul in
Iraq where it was first introduced to Europe, other sources believes muslin originated from the name
Maisolos. Marco Polo, the famous traveller, visited the Kakatiya kingdom in which Machilipatnam
was located and praised the muslins available there and another sources says that it was firstly
originated in Bangladesh and India. Foreign merchants had to come from distant lands, such as the
Arabian Peninsula, Iran, Armenia, China, Malaya and the Levant to purchase it. Bengali muslin was
well known for its high quality. The importance of the aesthetic Bengali muslin was stated in the
book "Geography" by Ptolemy

The Textile Industry : The World 's Economy And Daily...
The textile industry is a major entity in the world's economy and daily lifestyle. Textiles are used in
order to accentuate and warm the body. Heavier and more durable textiles are developed for the
decoration and protection of furniture. There are approximately 7 billion people living in the world
and all of them own at least one textile, whether it be a clothing item or a burlap sack. For thousands
of years humanity has used textiles for practical and decorative uses. Inhabitants of northwestern
India perfected the small–scale production of cotton fabrics; and indigenous Chinese people used
silkworm rearing in order to create elegant silk outfits. During the early development of textile
production, outfits and other merchandise were produced on a small–scale. Many individuals
created goods in their homes, and this took a while to complete due to the amount of detailing
needed for the products. This increased clothing prices and quality. After the industrial revolution,
fabric production was moved from homes to factories; and clothing became cheaper in both price
and quality. Apparel factories were one of the few jobs that women were allowed to have during the
Victorian era. Due to the lack of jobs and desire for a better life, female employees were subjected to
many types of abuse. The rapid increase of population and production negatively impacted the
natural environment, due to unplanned development of urban areas and unregulated production
standards. Fashion and

Before I Came To The Rca And To London, I Worked As A Textile
Before I came to the RCA and to London, I worked as a textile designer specialising in the design of
men's ties in Seoul, South Korea. My business was relatively small and I enjoyed making bespoke
textiles for my customers. Over time, I got to know my customers well, and tried to base my designs
on this personal knowledge. I wanted the ties to be more than just mere physical objects; instead I
wanted to imbue them with an emotional attachment that reflected the relationship between me and
my customers and my knowledge of their lives and personalities. I began talking to my customers
and noticed that – unconsciously – my designs were becoming more dialogical2, a graphical
representation of the conversations and stories we shared.
This ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The new research raises the question of ethical silk, made without the destruction of the moth within
the cocoon, and the ethics of employment practices within the silk manufacturing industry today.
The majority of mass production generates pollution, which causes climate change.
In an era of fast–fashion, mass–produced textile waste has continued to grow4.
According to the report Valuing our Clothes , extending the average life of clothes by only three
months of active use would lead to a five to ten per cent reduction in each of the carbon, water and
waste footprints; around 350,000 tonnes of used clothing ends up in landfill in the UK every year5.
Waste is not just a UK problem. Dongdaemoon market is the biggest fashion and textiles market in
South Korea. Many young designers work there but follow fashion trends rather than creating their
own unique designs. About 20 tonnes of fabric waste is generated per day. Seoul city authorities
estimate that it collects about 5,000 tonnes of waste resources, such as fabric and banners, per year
from the
Dongdaemoon market.6
The challenge of designing environmentally friendly textiles within existing economic systems
without

Global Clothing Industry Overview And Five Forces Analysis
Global Clothing Industry overview and five forces analysis
From 2005 the liberalization textiles and clothing industry, the exports of this industry increased
from 480 $ billion to 709 $ billion until 2012. (WTO.2005, 2013) The textiles and clothing industry
accounts for a 4 per cent share in global merchandise exports. (The ILO, 2014) Garment industry
has particularly characteristics, which selectivity and pertinence at production and market.
(Adhikari, R. &Yamamoto, Y. 2007) Garment industry provides a lower investment cost and low
skill labor in developed and developing countries. This industry has low barrier entry, so that
clothing industry suitable for developing countries. But free trade and low barrier make it possible to
adapt to rapidly changing market conditions. Therefore, the clothing industry characterize is high
intensity of competition. This industry is the most protected in the global economy of all
manufacturing industries, in both developed and developing countries. (Nordås, H. 2004)
This report Incorporates five forces competitive environment to analysis clothing industry. Five
forces model make different factors together in a simple model, as a tool to analyze the basic
competition in an industry. Five forces model to determine the five main sources of competition.
(Porter, 1980) For example, suppliers and buyers bargaining power, the threat of potential entrants,
threat of substitutes, and from the current competition between companies in the same

Fast Fashion Research Paper
Consumers Fashion Oral:
Good Morning Miss B and class. Today I will be talking to you all about clothing but this will
include a lot of information that you may not know about most of the clothes you own or the clothes
you are currently wearing.
Important terms:
Carbon Footprint: This refers to the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere due to
various activities (Change, n.d.)
Fast Fashion: This refers to when the production process of clothing is done as quickly as possible
in order to get new trends onto the market quickly and at a cheap price. (Anon., n.d.)
Eco Fashion: Clothes that are produced in ways that do not harm the environment (Dictionaries,
n.d.)
Organic Textile production: This refers to textiles that are made ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Disposal of Obsolete articles:
By us getting rid of clothes that are broken or that we no longer wear we will often just replace them
with no clothes which at the end of the day just continues this cycle is may be of benefit to us but is
of no benefit to the world around us.
What can be done about the above negative impacts?
In order to reduce the negative impact of clothing production we can ensure that we check labels
and buy clothes that are eco friendly and are made from organic cotton and silk.
We can buy locally as a lot of fuel is used to import goods and that will increase the carbon
footprint.
We can reuse old clothes by making various items out of them, give them to charity or sell them to a
second hand shop instead of throwing them away. (Maralyn Burger, 2015)
Influence of globalisation on the textile industry:
Conclusion:
So, although we all love clothes and fashion it is negatively affecting our environment, animals and
various peoples human rights. It is therefore important for us to remember we can look good and
ensure that we are not purchasing clothes that will have a negative impact on the world.
Thank you

Case Study Of Precot Meridian
COMPANY PROFILE
Precot Meridian Ltd.(formally known as Precot Mills), a leading manufacturer of yarn and fabrics,
was established in the year 1962 by Mr. V N Ramachandran and Mr. N. Damodaran techno crafts in
the field of textile technology. Precot meridian has been in the field of yarn and fabric production for
nearly five decades and has gained extensive expertise and knowledge across various verticals.
Products manufactured include cotton yarn, sieving threads, fabrics and garments. Precot meridian
is a leading player in the textile industry, with an annual turnover of Rs.600 crores. Precot meridians
started its first production in 1964 with an initial capacity of 12,096 spindles at Kanjikkode, Kerala.
Precot meridians now has units in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Looms that have the capacity of producing fabric with the width of 190cm(76).
Dusk loom with automatic controls and monitors accelerate sample development.
Single–end sizing machine expedites sample development and returns size in small and lots.
Osthoff singeing machine with six champers stenter for uniform fabric with control.
Ben–demensa Mercerizing machine feom Benninger.
Sample warper for quick yardage sample fabrics
SDL–ATLAS complete testing instrumen
PRODUCT RANGE`
Combed Cotton Yarn
100% Organic combed cotton yarn for knitting and weaving Ne 30/1 to 40/1
100% Organic combed cotton slub yarn for Knitting and weaving Ne 30/1 to 40/1
Elitwist yarn for knitting and weaving
Knitting yarn Ne 30/1 to Ne 60/1 includes both domestic and international cotton
Weaving Yarn Ne 40/1 to Ne 80/1
Doubled yarn on TFO Ne 50/2, 56/2, 66/2, 74/2, and 80/2
Gassed Yarn Ne 40/2 and 80/2
Compact spun yarn for weaving Ne 40/1 to Ne 60/1
Fancy yarn, Normal Slub yarn, Reverse Slub Yarn Ne 24/1 to Ne 60/1 for knitting and weaving
Open end spun yarn Ne 2 to Ne 10
Polyester Sewing

The Market For The Textile Industry Essay
Introduction
Aussie textiles are a medium sized organization which produces quality garments located at
Queensland. As there was a huge competition for imported goods at a cheaper price, the
organization had decided to establish a manufacturing plant and import goods from one of the three
countries namely Bangladesh, Indonesia and Vietnam. This report will be focusing on how Vietnam
could be a potential country for setting up an entirely new manufacturing plant to produce quality
textiles and export back to Queensland. Further adding on to the report, it attempts to analyze the
pros and cons, followed by the industry overview and analysis. In the next paragraphs, the market
for the textile industry will be analyzed using the industry data. In addition to this, tools such as
porter five forces model will be used to analyzing the potential as a host market for manufacturing.
And finally the recommendation declaring if the market in Vietnam is feasible for manufacturing or
not.
Industry Overview
Over the course of little more than a decade, Vietnam has become a significant exporter of garments
to the EU and Japan, and now to the Australia too. Textiles are a vital component of Vietnam,
presently accounting for nearly half of the country's manufactured exports. As clothing is some of
the most synchronized operated sectors in the world, it accounted for 16.5% of the total earnings in
the year 2002(Nadvi et al. 2004). The apparel industry in Vietnam has been incorporated into

Natural and Synthetic Materials
Textiles are made up from natural or man–made fibres or a combination of both. "Fibres are thin,
hair–like structures" (Blair, n.d: online) that are categorized into two types: long filament fibres and
short staple fibres. Natural fibres are usually staple, whilst man–made fibres are filament, with the
exception of silk that comes from a natural source. These raw fibres are spun to produce a long,
continuous thread referred to as yarn, which is then used in a series of methods that include,
stitching, knitting and weaving in order to produce a fabric. The content, construction and finish of a
fabric can determine it's aesthetic and functional qualities. This essay will explore the classifications
and characteristics of fibres, yarns and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Its desirability and expensive price has prompted cheaper man–made imitations. (Udale, 2008)
(IYNF, 2009)
"Man–made fibres account for 68% of fibres used worldwide" (CRFS, 2010: online). In the textile
industry, man–made fibres are categorized into two main types: cellulosic polymers and non–
cellulosic polymers. Cellulosic polymers are derived from the cellulose extracted from natural
sources, such as plants and trees. The cellulose is then chemically treated to produce fibres such as
rayon, acetate and triacetate. Non–cellulosic polymers are those that are produced synthetically from
different chemical compounds in order to produce fibres such as nylon, polyester and acrylic.
(Udale, 2008)
Often referred to as artificial silk because of its silk–like aesthetic, rayon was one of the first man–
made fabrics to be developed having been in production since 1885 (Udale, 2008). Constructed from
the cellulose of wood pulp, it was made to "simulate natural fibres as well as to provide
characteristics of its own" (Corbman, 1983: p.9). Like cotton, it is soft, comfortable and versatile; it
blends well with other fibres, and is often used for evening gowns as an alternative to silk because
of its good drape. It is also a highly absorbent material that can be dyed easily. The durability of
rayon is fairly low, it is easily damaged through abrasion and can shrink when washed, prompting
dry clean aftercare instructions. (Swicol, 2010).
Acetate is silk–like

Difference Between Jeans And Jeans
Denim
In recent years, consumption of apparel has grown rapidly along with income and this trend is
expected to continue. Since the first pair of Jeans appeared in America about one and half century
ago, denim wear has gained popularity all over the world. As a result, jeans wear is one of the most
prominent apparel items in the world apparel market. Young people as well as older people have
now great passion for the denim cloth. Trouser, skirt, jacket made of denim can be found in
thousands stores and street markets in most countries. Millions of pairs of jeans are produced in
America, Europe and Asian countries each year for local and international markets. Today jeans are
available in many colors and designs. Young people like to mix and match colors and sizes to create
different looks. Globally, denim designers are experimenting with fabric and garment in order to add
value to their garments.
Definition of Denim and Jeans
– According to Textile Terms and Definition published by Textile Institute "Denim is traditionally a
3/1 warp faced twill fabric made from yarn dyed warp and undyed weft yarn and Jean is a 2/1 warp
faced twill fabric used chiefly for overalls or casual wear".
– According to Encyclopedia of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It has several routes to manufacture. The most distinguish feature of this manufacturing system is its
dyeing which is a totally unique process and it is specialized for denim. Dyeing may be achieved in
different forms like rope form, sheet form or perforated beam wound form. Each process requires
separate preparation process specially the warping process. Moreover, sheet dyeing or slasher
dyeing can be executed in different types dyeing machine e.g. continuous and combined sheet
dyeing–sizing machine, loop dyeing machine. All these processes have both merits and demerits.
Manufacturers should choice their production line considering these to get the optimum

The Start of America's Industrial Revolution Essay
The Industrial Revolution did not start simultaneously around the world, but began in the most
highly civilized and educated country in Western Europe – England. An empire like Great Britain
was able to prevent the flow of new technology and experienced technicians to its colonies even
while new machinery, like the spinning shuttle and the spinning jenny, was being used to develop
textile manufacturing at home in England. The British Parliament was able to control its territories
through laws and other restrictions. However, Britain's futile attempts to block the development of
new technologies in the American colonies led directly to the rise of the textile industry and the
beginning of the Industrial Revolution in the United States. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The Navigation Acts forbade the American colonies to manufacture any finished goods, and these
acts defined anyone living within the British colonies as an English subject. The purpose of the
Navigation Acts was duel: to protect British shipping against competition from the Dutch, as well as
from other powerful foreign countries, and to grant a British monopoly on colonial produce, such as
tobacco and sugar, to the English merchants. Under these acts, the American colonists were limited
to buying only British goods and could only import and export goods in English ships rather than in
their own vessels (Balik). In addition to the Navigation Acts, the British also passed the Trade Acts,
which were to ensure that the entire British Empire was prosperous and that the trade of the various
colonies was complimentary to each other and to Britain. The British Parliament enacted additional
acts that became known as the "Intolerable Acts." Colonists resisted the passage of the Stamp Act
and Townshend Acts, which ultimately resulted in the ever famous Boston Tea Party and an
organized colonial boycott of British goods. However, the British Parliament did not give up its
"right" to tax its colonies. Furthermore, Great Britain was able to prevent the flow of new
technology to the American colonies even while new machinery was being used to develop and
enhance textile manufacturing in England. This was due to the British parliament's outlaw of the
emigration of any textile mechanics

General Workforce Issues for Women Globally
The textile industry is an immediate topic of discussion when examining female working conditions
globally. Today, with 1.3 billion women employed, females constitute 52% of the participation in the
workforce (Source #2). Despite their large participation and slow move towards occupation
acceptance in the developed world, women still face many trials that stem from gender–based
discrimination, especially within developing countries. The textile and garment industry constitutes
most likely the largest sector of manufacturing and profit production for many countries and
therefore will be the concentration of this paper to represent the working conditions for the majority
of people (WIEGO). Since females comprise 85% of the global garment industry, their gender role
is relevant in all processes (SOMO, 2011). This paper seeks to explain general workforce issues for
women globally, including specific Latin American country examples, what should be done to
improve working conditions, and what is currently being done. At first, the benefits provided by the
North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) were enough to give Latin American countries an
edge to hold off tight competition from other developing countries. However, in 1995, World Trade
Organization (WTO) agreed to gradually remove the 1974 Multi–Fiber Agreement that installed a
quota system which limited countries such as China on the amount of products they could export to
developed countries (source #1). The elimination

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Surgitech
According to Surgitech (2016a), the company was formed in 1986 and is a dominant supplier of
surgical devices in South Africa, located in Cape Town, Durban, Bloemfontein, Garden Route and
Port Elizabeth. Surgitech provides technical advanced products by continuously staying updated
with researching surgical developments internationally.
They also offer training to doctors and nurses in order to take advantage of the leading products and
developments offered by Surgitech. They provide a range of products for the orthopaedic surgical
procedures (metatarso–phalangeal implants, upper joint implants and hind foot solutions), cardiac
surgery (aortic grafts, sutures), vascular surgery for example KDV grafts and Silver grafts
(Surgitech, 2016b; Surgitech, 2016c).
Surgitech (2014) states that they manufacture a variety of vascular grafts for instance, Uni–Graft
KDV, Uni–Graft W and Vascular Graft PTFE.
Figure 9: Example of a Woven Vascular implantable graft ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
The application of technical textile products in the medical field prolongs life, reduces patient
suffering and limits the spread of infection. It has life–saving capabilities and improves the quality
of life.
Through development, research and the help of technology, products can be created that are
essential in the medical industry. The technical textile products need to adhere to set standards and
regulation to ensure a product of quality, reliability and credibility. This ensures safety and
effectiveness in the use of technical textile products. South African companies who form part of this
innovative practice include: Priontex, Gelvenor Textiles, Surgitech and Clinisut.
This report has met the set criteria by exploring what technical textiles are, how they are
manufactured, their application as well as various standards and testing done on medical textile

Summary Of Smart Textile Applications Within The Medical...
Smart Textile Applications within the Medical Field
Keanna Rutledge
Delaware State University
Research has proven that the clothes one wears can affect the person's mental and physical
performance (Michalak & Krucińska, 2017). Moreover, it is posited that there is something
biological that happens when one puts on a snazzy outfit and feel like he or she is a new person. The
act of wearing formal business attire is proven to increase the abstract thinking of an individual.
Besides, an individual's clothing may also determine the person's performs in negotiation deals. For
instance, a person who is smartly dressed will obtain more profitable contracts than the one not
smartly dressed. On the flip side a person not smartly ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Wearable's are small devices that are electronic that often consist of at least one sensor and have a
computational capability. These advanced smart textile products play the role of monitoring,
analyzing and in some cases healing of diseases in patients. These smart textile products are hand
worn, head–worn and also body dressed about their functions in a person. For instance, for fitness
and health tracking, one may wear an intelligent bracelet on the hands that indicate the degree to
which the hands are washed (Castano & Flatau, 2014). Moreover, watches like the Pebble
smartwatch, wristband like the tactile bracelet, and wearable computers like the Amon are used in
monitoring one's health. On the head, there are wears such as the medical headsets, breathing masks,
communication helmets, and the smart glasses which are also vital to the success of healthcare
practitioners in analyzing, monitoring and treatment of some diseases. On the body, there are
wearable patches, the E–skin, foot, and arm wear like the RunScribe and the smart t–shirt that has
integrated sensors to help the medics in monitoring the medical conditions. Smart medical textile
revolutionalizes the provision of health care services like the textile blood vessels, which are clothes
that measure heart rate and help the medics in stabilizing their patients. Additionally, in small
children who are unable to move their

Essay on Life in Southern Mill Villages, 1900s
Life in Southern Mill Villages, 1900s
The Industrial Revolution in America began to develop in the mid–eighteen hundreds after the Civil
War. Prior to this industrial growth the work force was mainly based in agriculture, especially in the
South ("Industrial Revolution"). The advancement in machinery and manufacturing on a large scale
changed the structure of the work force. Families began to leave the farm and relocate to larger
settings to work in the ever–growing industries. One area that saw a major change in the work force
was textile manufacturing. Towns in the early nineteen hundreds were established around mills, and
workers were subjected to strenuous working conditions. It would take decades before these issues
were ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For a small income these women would sometimes produce a product for a company out of their
homes. These "cottage industries" were all that was needed at the time.
After the Civil War, the South did not want to rely upon the North for all their textile needs despite
the North being the major textile manufacturer at that time. More and more factories were built in
the South. Cotton mills were built along rivers for their hydropower, usually in rural areas (Glass
14). Mills were also commonly located near railroads to send their finished products throughout the
states (Ulrich 15).
Mill owners did not rely slave labor for their work force. The price of purchasing enough slaves to
fill the many factory positions was too high. This objection also had racist undertones as well as
economic ones. It was believed by some at that time that slaves were not smart enough to learn even
the simplest of tasks. Also it was illegal to teach a slave a trade, even one as simple as spinning yarn
(Glass 19). Factory owners were forced to rely on the poor people in the surrounding areas for their
workforce, especially women and children.
While the new textile industry was growing, the agricultural economy at the time was stagnant. It
became harder and harder for farmers to pay off their debts. Many farmers lost their land and had to
find a new means to support themselves and their families. The factories and

The Garment and Textile Industry in Bangladesh Essay
Case 3
Professor
September 3, 2014
Bangladesh is a south Asian country and has an approximate population reaching 164 million. The
manufacturing industry is what Bangladesh is known for. That industry also accounted for almost
12% of GDP in 2009 and 2010 with employing over four million people (The Bangladesh Accord
Foundation, 2014). The labor force is made up of young, urbanizing, mainly women. Bangladesh
accounts for approximately 78% total exports (The Bangladesh Accord Foundation, 2014), which is
second to China.
The cost is kept low with labor and the production. This helps competing in the export trading
world. "I am telling, in textile nobody can beat Bangladesh in price and quality" ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Bilateral agreements with 28 countries and Generalized System of Preferences (GSP) of the EU are
key reasons for Bangladesh RMG products having access to global markets (Board of Investment
Bangladesh, 2012).
Best alternative
The best alternative would be improve the infrastructure, and increase the price of exporting, but
still lower than any other country. Bangladesh would make a larger profit and could put more money
on fixed and creating the ports and roads which in return will make it easier for the buying
countries. If the prices continue to stay low, the country may not have enough money for
infrastructure. Bangladesh would have more money to help with the electricity outages which can
also help business buy producing more and exporting more.
Implementation plan The implementation would be analyzing the competitions textile export prices,
and then increase the price to keep it right below the competition. This will allow Bangladesh to
gain more profit and place that into infrastructure. They would also want to focus on the electricity
so labor improves and more textiles can be made. This plan will allow for easier flowing importing
and most importantly exporting. This will also create a better working environment in the textile
mills and will create more production.
Appendix A
Appendix B
Employment in RMG Sector

Year
No. of

Textile Mills: Their Innovation and Impact on Society Essay
When our group found out that this year's History Day topic was "impact and innovation" we had an
epiphany to exemplify what impacted people's lives the most, so we concluded to do our on project
on the innovation in the textile industry and impact of the textile mills. The textile mills provided
people with a cheap source of cloth that had an impact on every person's lives during the eighteenth
and nineteenth centuries.
In order to get our information on the innovation and impact of the textile mills, as a group we
gathered information from various places and did extensive research on our topic. We found a great
quantity of information by visiting the Upland Public Library, surfing numerous websites, collecting
many primary interviews, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The internet research we accumulated explained how the machines we use today were impacted by
the machines used during the Industrial Revolution, the different varieties of use that cotton was
used for, and the many ways that textile mills and the textile industry impacted the daily lives of
people then and today. The many interviews that we conducted contained a variety of information
on the harsh abuses that the textile mill workers faced. Our group interviewed Professor Richard
Olson at Harvey Mudd College, Mr. Carlos Lopez, and Mr. William Mulligan, history teachers at
Upland Junior High School, on the information that they had on the innovation in the textile
industry and the impact of the textile mills, such as, what impacts textile mills had on lives, and the
many drastic changes that the textile mills had an impact on. We, as a group chose to do an exhibit
to illustrate how the textile mills looked at that time. We created our exhibit to look similar to an
actual textile mill including the large smokestack exposed on the building and the gloomy redbrick
color that most mills included. Our exhibit portrays the many impacts that textile mills had not only
on people's lives that worked in the mills, but also the lives it impacted outside of the mills. We
included the way people lived before

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