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Capturing The Ever Changing Chinese Consumer Market
This report is meant to capture the ever–changing Chinese consumer market. It includes
demographic and economic information which McKinsey compiled by conducting
Surveys in China, interviewing a total of more than 60,000 people in upward of 60 cities. As well as,
information regarding rising incomes, consumer trends, and the aging population. These consumer
trends are expected to continue into the year 2020. Common features of China 's changing
demographics include rapid industrialization, rising incomes, urban living, better education,
postponed life stages, and greater mobility.
Changing Demographics
Economic profiles have been and will continue to be the most important trend shaping the consumer
landscape. The Chinese are getting richer faster, the disposable income of the urban consumer is
expected to double between 2010 and 2020 from approximately $ 4,000 to $ 8,000. This is close to
South Korea 's current standard of living but far behind the United States, Japan and other
developing countries.
The wealth of so many consumers is rising so rapidly, many people in the value category will have
joined the mainstream by 2020. Mainstream consumers will then account for 51 percent of the urban
population. Their level of wealth will remain quite low compared with that of consumers in
developed countries. Yet this group, will comprise 167 million households (close to 400 million
people), will become the standard setters for consumption, capable of affording small luxury
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The City Of New York City Essay
Throughout the centuries humans have seen cities rise and fall; each one had its own unique style
and charm. Although no city is completely alike, they all have one thing in common: the elements
that create them. Without these components, cities would not be successful and they would not
foster memorable urban experiences. The main critical elements that are essential when designing a
spatially rich urban condition are density, street, hierarchy, urban edge, streetwall and facades, and
public/urban space. When a person thinks of New York City, one of the first things that comes to
mind is how crowded it is, not only because of the sheer amount of people but because of the
plethora of buildings as well. In other words, Manhattan is the perfect representation of density.
Cities have large and rapidly growing populations due to the fact that people have been moving to
big urban areas in search of opportunities for many years, and cities have an obligation to provide
those opportunities for the public. Consequently, the more people there are, the bigger the demand is
for residential, commercial, and school buildings. Cities must meet those demands by expanding,
which is where density comes in. Without density, a city would look like and act as any other
suburb. The density, or structures, of a city can be either planned or unplanned. Spiro Kostof, author
of The City Shaped: Urban Patterns and Meanings Through History, states, "The first kind is the
planned or designed or
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Analysis Of Streetwise By Elijah Stanley
In Streetwise, Elijah Anderson (1990) discusses the social forces at work in an urban area he calls
the Village–Northton. His is a sociological field study of the daily interactions between the residents
of an area encompassing two communities––in his words, "one black and low income to very poor
(with an extremely high infant mortality rate), [and] the other racially mixed but becoming
increasingly middle to upper income and white" (Anderson, 1990, p. ix). In keeping with valid
sociological fieldwork, Anderson (1990) immersed himself in the community from the summer of
1975 through the summer of 1989.
Anderson makes a strong case for the inevitability of ghetto life––in other words, once
"ghettoization" begins, it continues its course without regard to a neighborhood's tentative and
transitory movement toward gentrification. The middle class and well–heeled whites and minority
cultures who move into regenerating urban communities are attracted to city life for its vibrancy and
"charm," yet they ultimately are playing with fire when it comes to sharing the same neighborhood
which was formerly the turf of gangs, prostitutes, drug dealers, and other societal deviants. Such
areas are frequently called "colorful," when they are, in fact, dangerous. Charm and color quickly
turn to fear and suspicion after more than enough reports of car break–ins, gang retaliations, and
drug deals gone bad fill the local news. As Anderson (1990) points out in his conclusion:
For those only weakly committed to city living, particularly middle–class people who have serious
difficulty with social diversity and who have clear housing alternatives, the "problem–free" suburbs
become tempting. After an incident such as a car break–in or a bicycle theft, a "last straw" can make
them leave. (249)
It is interesting to note that, in the above excerpt, Anderson (1990) uses very "minor" instances of
crimes. But one too many minor crimes adds up to a whole greater than the sum of its parts––the
urban center begins to appear more and more uninhabitable.
Anderson (1990) uses the apt term "old heads" to typify those long–term residents who were in the
urban center before gentrification, and who have been able to remain on, despite an
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The Education System Of Education
infrastructures. Students and pupils also have less equipment (stationaries, uniforms, laboratory for
practical) at their perusal. The classrooms are poorly structured (leaking roof, mud buildings, no
doors or windows) and always not sufficient. Lessons are at times received under trees. Because
some communities don't have schools, so they all crowd the available ones. The distance covered to
go to school, sometimes discourage the students. The female children also would be denied
education, because they would be sent off to marry or stay at home and work on farms or house
chore. Most fathers considered it a waste to train a female as she will soon be a married off and the
fathers name lost. Unlike in the urban areas where schools are properly supervised by education
boards, to ensure quality and standard is maintained. Some schools only have not more than 20
students in the class. Fully equipped and students have access to laboratory for research and
practical. Most of such schools available in the urban areas are privately owned.  The rural areas
are characterised by low level income, unemployment and underemployment, this eventually leads
to resulting poverty for most individuals in the rural sector. These consequently leads to rural–urban
drift with increasing infrastructural facilities. These urban migration also leads to shortage of skilled
and unskilled labour in the rural–urban areas. Rural employees always seek better jobs in the urban
areas. (Bolakale S, 2010)
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The Impact Of Urban Population And The Current Causes...
The last century has been characterized by the rapid growth of the urban areas which is likely to be
one of the milestones in the current ages. Also known as the urbanization, this process, is defined by
the unprecedented rural population shift to the cities which stems from the Modern period as a result
of the Industrial Revolution. However, nowadays, the key aspect is the universal nature of such,
issue t has an effect on an exceptional transformation on a global scale causing a drastic impact on
the social, economic, cultural and political patterns. It is a widely held the opinion that one of the
main challenges of this century is to clarify the origin and identify which are the sociodemographic
factor that negatively impact on the urban population and the current causes social segregation.
Regarding the recent academic research in human geography field, can be possible to associate this
social segregation with the 'gentrification'. Thus, the gentrification can be defined as the dynamic
process that displaces the local and low–income population of the district due to the urban
revitalization of the area. Exploration of the social segregation in the Australian context (Melbourne
and Sydney), might be the main purpose of this research. The analysis of the gentrification process
is studied in order to find out what are the negative impacts on the population. Therefore, the
research question might focus on the issue of the social transformation. Thus, the findings can
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Difference Between Isolation And Social Isolation
Modern cities today are populated with hundreds of thousands to billions of citizens sharing their
built environment. As urban populations grow so does a dilemma; social isolation– the lack of civil
association, of one to one human relationships, of feeling a sense of belonging, especially in a city.
The urban environment contributes to social isolation in a multitude of ways. Even with the growth
of urban populations social isolation is a problem that affects even the most populated cities around
the world. This a problem that affects even the most populated cities around the world due to
decisions made in the past. By looking major elements that play a role in cities across United States
one can focus on understanding the needs of urban population, particularly those who are isolated to
diminish social isolation and build social connectedness through planning. The urban environment
contributes to social isolation in a multitude of ways such as urban renewal rapidly occurring and
the built environments physical barriers. Social isolation is in relation to its urban surroundings and
its conditions. Urban planning can influence inclusive cities and build modern urban environments
that no longer contribute to social isolation. Social isolation is a widespread experience than most
people acknowledge. In the text "Social Isolation in Modern Cities" Hortulanus provides a study
held in the United States discovers that one quarter of all the people that were surveyed had no
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Housing Affordability And The Housing Crisis
Housing Affordability
Housing affordability has been one of the most persistent national concerns mainly because housing
costs are the biggest expenses in the budgets of most households. A typical American household
spends more than a third of its budget on housing while poor and near–poor households commonly
devote about half of their incomes to housing (Consumer Expenditure Survey, 2011) .
The majority of studies of housing affordability focus on housing cost and its relationship to
household income as the sole indicator of affordability. The main providers of affordability indexes
in the US are real estate institutes and government agencies. The National Association of Realtors,
for example, publishes a Housing Affordability Index for existing single–family homes by
metropolitan area. The NAR affordability index measures whether or not a typical family could
qualify for a mortgage loan on a typical home. An index value of 100 means that a family with the
median income has exactly enough income to qualify for a mortgage on a median–priced home. An
index above 100 signifies that a family earning the median income has more than enough income to
qualify for a mortgage loan on a median–priced home, assuming a 20 percent down payment, while
an index value less than 100 means that such a family cannot afford a median–priced home
Likewise, HUD has a standard of affordability that focuses exclusively on housing costs. If the ratio
of housing costs to household income is less
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Essay about An Examination of American Female Adolescents
African American female adolescence (who live in urban areas) compared to female caucasion
female adolescence (who live in suburban areas) have a lot of differences amongst themselves.
Among adults and children has increased dramatically in the past 20 years to reach epidemic
proportions, and health care costs of excessive weight are estimated at more than $98 billion a year.
In a previous study investigating risk factors for cardiovascular disease in a poor, rural county in
Tennessee, the authors found that morbid African American female adolescence (who live in urban
area) compared to caucasion female adolescence (who live in suburban areas was 6 times more
common in urban African–American female adolescents than men, particularly ... Show more
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Several socioeconomic factors have been investigated to explain these phenomena, including the
effects of living in rural areas, income and educational levels, and family (marital) status.
Armstrong reported on the changing trends in mortality rates, comparing white urban African–
American female adolescents in states (all regions) that were classified as rural in 1940 and rural,
moderately urban, or strongly urban in 1980. Their findings indicated that, in 1980, rural white
urban African–American female adolescents had higher mortality rates from heart and
cerebrovascular disease than urban African American female adolescence. In a separate study,
Greenberg reported finding more African American female adolescence (who live in urban area)
compared to caucasion female adolescence (who live in suburban areas and hypertension among
rural African–American female adolescents, findings suggesting causal links between African
American female adolescence (who live in urban area) compared to caucasion female adolescence
(who live in suburban areas and higher mortality rates.
The results of a 1993 national survey, the Multistage Telephone Survey (N = 387,704), however,
identified conflicting differences in prevalence of African American female adolescence (who live in
urban area) compared to caucasion female adolescence (who live in suburban areas according to
geographic regions. In 1993, the percentage of urban African–American female
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Benefits and Problems Associated With Urbanisation
What are the Benefits and Problems Associated with Urbanisation? In the years following the
Industrial Revolution, the practice of urbanisation became much more prevalent. Urbanisation has
lead to an increase in the population of cities while leading to a decline in rural population. The
effects of Urbanisation can be both positive and negative, whether it is on the peoples, the society or
the environment. The practice of urbanisation has brought with it, many arguments as to whether it
is a positive or negative phenomena. Throughout the course of this discussion we will look deeper in
to what urbanisation really is. We will also analyse the arguments, and we will begin to unpack how
urbanisation positively effects the environment as well ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Urbanisation has become somewhat of a fast growing phenomenon in the last 40 years especially,
but it was not always the case. In the year 1800 only 5% of the global population was urbanized
(DeVries, 1984) but following the agricultural and industrial revolutions, that number grew. In
England for example the urban population jumped from 17% in 1801 to 72% in 1891 (Watson,
1993), and according to the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population
division, in 2011 52.% of people were living in urban areas worldwide (United Nations, 2012). The
same department estimate that by the year 2050 close to 70% of the worlds population will be living
in urban areas, which will equate to over 6 billion people (United Nations, 2012). The areas with the
highest urban populations currently are those in Latin America, with 76% of the population living in
urban areas in the year 2000, however South and East Asia are set to have the biggest jump in urban
population in the next 40 years (UN,2004). Today the largest and fastest growing cities are in
developing countries (Envio Facts 2001).This data shows that urbanisation is responsible for
massive growth, obviously in urban settlements. This massive growth is bound to have some effects
on the environment both negative and positive. Environmental Problems Associated with
Urbanisation. Urbanisation has lead to massive growth in the
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Capitalism And Capitalist Culture In Nashville, Tennessee
Capitalism and consumerist culture has unleashed an attack on local racially diverse communities
and replaced them with whitewashed hipster trends that offer no benefit to the original inhabitants of
the neighborhood whatsoever, while heightening the profits of white property owners. Have you
ever walked along streets of an urban area like Nashville, Tennessee? Nashville, a city commonly
known for being a big small town that promoted its intimacy with history and southern traditions,
began to evolve when massive investments toward convention centers, stadiums, apartment
buildings, and highways flooded in. Along with this now almost unrecognizable city came a new
kind of people that were mainly comprised of upper class Caucasians. Essentially, with the new city,
came an influx of economic benefit through a group of buyers taking part in a bizarre redevelopment
or urban renewal who focused on building the city upwards and outwards while overly exaggerating
what was thought to be traditionally authentic. A city that remained true to tradition and its' southern
soul grew a new kind of loyalty towards an unorthodox form of gentrification. A lifestyle that was
unfair and rooted in error. Gentrifiers often go in search of something that fits the needs of what is
desired, something authentic. Unfortunately, Nashville became a spot for these people to, in their
words, improve the quality and authenticity of the city. However, this false sense of authenticity
blindly drives
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Causes Of Landuse In Bangladesh
The single greatest landuse is farming however the fundamental physical highlights deciding a wide
range of landuse are the conduits and standing water bodies. Bangladesh is one of the world's
biggest wetland zones, and amid the stormy season around 66% of the nation can be delegated
wetlands as characterized in the Ramsar Convention. Waterways cover a region of roughly 7,700 sq
km in the wet season; this incorporates streams of all sizes, with the exception of little regular khals.
One of the issues in evaluating landuse in Bangladesh is that the region secured by water bodies
increments enormously in the rainstorm however wanes to half as much in the dry season. Another
entangling factor is the impact of tides on low estuarine burns. The level of the sound of bengal
impinging on the terrain of Bangladesh is around two meters higher in the rainstorm season (May–
October) than in the dry season (November–April). Consequently, many scorches and diaras, which
are dry land, frequently, developed in the dry season, and go submerged amid the blustery season. In
the waterfront regions eminent extent of the horticultural land has gone under shrimp culture. A
urban region suggests a zone with assorted and spatially scattered land employments. These land
utilizes draw in and create developments to and far from them. Thusly, the more land utilizes a
urban territory has, the more differentiated or more noteworthy: the goals; modular outings;
financial exercises; versatility clashes
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How Urban Environments Has Made More Sustainable And What...
How Have Urban Environments Been Made More Sustainable And What More Needs To Be Done
for the Future?
Introduction
The National Geographic Education define an urban environment as, 'the region surrounding a city.
Urban areas are very developed, meaning there is a density of human structures such as houses,
commercial buildings, roads, bridges, and railways.(1)' The International Institute for Sustainable
Development define sustainable development as 'development that meets the needs of the present
without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. (2)' In 2014,
approximately 54%(3) of the total global population live in urban environments. The global urban
population has grown significantly from 34% in 1960(3) ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
The provision of affordable mass transit provides residents of urban areas greater accessibility,
which can provide them with more opportunities and services. Furthermore, with the provision of a
successful transport system, it is highly likely for the number of people using personal vehicles to
fall. This fall in the use of cars would mean that less harmful gases such as Carbon Monoxide,
Nitrogen Oxide and Sulphur Dioxide released and so the natural environment would benefit. With a
successful transport system, accessibility is greatly improved, which can be beneficial economically
for a city. People are able to travel to and from work and the transport can also be used for trading
goods and services. However, current mass transit is unsustainable in urban cities due to its reliance
on non–renewable fossil fuels and the pollution it creates has a significant impact on the
environment. Currently, transport is accountable for 20%–25% of world's energy consumption and
carbon dioxide emissions(1) and the current systems mostly run on fossil fuels, which are expected
to run out by 2088 according to ecotricity(2). In order to improve the sustainability of an urban area,
the transport systems, which need to be in place for economic and social reasons, need to become
greener, cleaner and run on renewable energy. Current technology is not currently in place to allow
for this significant change and so gradual changes have been introduced in some of the world cities.
London's
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Economic Development In Belize: A Case Study
Belize's development is an important economical, environmental, and political issue which
continues to be the subject of discussion. Historically, Belize has passed through many stages of
development, originating from a hunter and gathering society, during the Mayan revolution, to a
post industrial society, following the advent of computers. Technological improvements, freedom of
trade and the creation of a global market are some factors that have fuelled this rapid rate of
development. The gross domestic product (GDP) is one of the primary indicators used to gauge the
health of a country's economy. Belize has experienced times of economic prosperity, recording
8055.43 USD per capita GDP in 2014 and has had economic hardships of 5168.29 USD per capita
GDP in 1990. Currently, Belize is experiencing what economist term a negative growth, recording a
GDP of –1.2 Percent. Economic development is "the process by which a nation improves the
economic, political, and social well–being of its people". Economic development in any country is
necessary for the quality of life and standard of living to be improved. The term "impact" must be
considered in relation to development and the environment. Every form of development has a cost
or environmental risk associated with it. In the 1980's, there was a shift to a new kind of
development often termed an alternate development. The establishment of the Brundtland
Commission paved the pathway for future aggressive plans designed to
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Poor Mental Health
Introduction Poor mental health represents a significant problem worldwide and in the UK, with
approximately 16% of the population being affected at any given time (Foresight, 2008 and
Department of Health, 2009). This is a particular concern in Scotland where approximately one in
six individuals show signs of poor mental health (Audit Scotland, 2009). Scotland also has
particularly high suicide rates which exceed those for the rest of the UK (Smith–Merry et al., 2009
and Mok et al., 2012). In addition to the personal cost to the individual, poor mental health has
significant societal and economic implications, representing a £22.5 billion a year direct cost to the
English economy alone (McCrone et al., 2008). In Scotland, the direct and indirect costs of poor
mental health are estimated to be £10.7 billion (Scottish Association for Mental Health (SAMH),
2011). Subsequent understanding of what factors have an impact upon mental health at the
individual and societal level is of great importance to future research and intervention. ... Show
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The 20th century has been characterised by the movement of populations from rural to urban areas –
a phenomenon expressed as urbanisation. For the first time in human history, the world is
predominantly urban, with over half of the population living in towns and cities; this is predicted to
rise to over 6.3 billion by 2050 (Demographia World Urban Areas, 2016). The movement of
populations to urban environments is perhaps the single most significant demographic shift in the
past century. Given the current and projected growth in urban living, research into understanding the
potential impacts of urban versus rural living on individual mental health is becoming increasingly
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Megacity And Megacity
There is no doubt that the world population is growing and growing rapidly but in order for the
world to hold the mass change there is a need for humanity to adapt. According to the UN (United
Nations) more than half of humanity today 3.9 billion people in 2014, today over 4 billion lives in
urban areas (UN 2014, p. 1).This is a profound shift in the course of one century, or within a single
lifetime for some of the longer lived people. Not only is the world's urban population rapidly
increasing, but cities themselves are growing larger and larger, with the number of "megacities"
(population at least 10 million) almost tripling from 10 in 1990 to 28 in 2014 (UN 2014, p. 13). To
first understand how such mega urbanity affects humanity one first needs to understand what a
Megacity is. Once one understands this concept they will be able to indicate what the development
of cities and our urban past have to say for urban future, understand the concept of a city and its
history, be able to explain the urban way of life associated with cities and finally be able to assess
the challenges and changes that cities and urban life face in modern day. Megacities are for the most
part a very modern concept, they are best described as any city that holds 10 million residents or
more. Some examples of modern day mega cities are Shanghai, Paris and London. A city typically
defined as a large settlement of humans which holds extensive systems for housing, transportation,
sanitation, land use
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Essay On Public Transportation
Public transportation is important in major cities such as New York, Tokyo, and Los Angeles. But
one of the key differences between Atlanta and the other cites is size. Or most notably population
when it's not as big as these examples. People are not accustomed to public transportation because
of the amount of crime that happens in public transportation. Another reason of how public
transportation is not effective in Atlanta. There aren't many places to go that public transportation
reaches. Often when people who are using public transportation aren't from there. They use it to see
other places of interests. One of the last and final reason on why public transportation in Atlanta is
not effective is because of taxis and Uber. They are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Relatively few spots to go is one reason why open transportation doesn't work here in Atlanta.
Thinking back New York for instance is the reason it's essential over yonder then it is here. The
guide of transportation is more mind boggling in New York then it is in Atlanta. There aren't many
spots to visit, for example, the Empire State Building or the Statue of Liberty. Along these lines,
individuals won't utilize public transportation. Why? Take Zoo Atlanta as an example it is about a
25–minute walk away from the closest MARTA station, which is great if you want to urban hike and
see some of the historic Grant Park neighborhood. But if you don't you can take a cab which defeats
the purpose of the taking the MARTA. Making it pointless here in Atlanta. Taxis and Companies
such as Uber and Lift are popular to use here. Why use a bus or a train here if you know where you
are going? Why use it if you don't like to be around people on the bus? People find it safer to ride a
taxi or an Uber. I personally have used both a taxi and an Uber and didn't find it any difficult. Unlike
the transportation card that you must continually have to reload when you are low on funds. At times
it seems like a hassle. It is true that the price to use a bus is around three or four dollars, but that
doesn't justify the amount of stops that it will take to just get there. Taxis are a one–way trip to go to
your destination. There is no need to
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Strategies for Clean, Green and Solar Gandhinagar
The integrated master plan 2031, suggests strategies for clean, green and solar Gandhinagar. The
vision statement of the plan focuses on indorsing a vibrant Gandhinagar, which fundamentally
possess green city qualities.
Envisioning Gandhinagar to be: A leading green capital city in the world with a unique identity and
vibrancy
Having a strong and diverse economic raise
Having environmentally sustainable infrastructure technologies
An ideal place for living including learning, working, consuming and leisure in an inclusive manner
Goals of Master Plan: Goal1: to achieve clean, green and solar agenda
Environmental improvement strategies
Economic development strategies
Infrastructure development strategies
Goal 2: to position its exclusive identity in Ahmedabad–Gandhinagar twin city context
Goal 3: to shape GNA, genius loci of GUDA
4.3.2 Development Plan
I. GUDA DP for 2011
Under the section–12 of GTPUDA–1976; DP of GUDA was prepared. The aim of DP was to
facilitate transformation of GUDA in to a vibrant urban centre which provides a high quality of
infrastructure and service delivery. The GTPUDA–1976, demands that GUDA DP shall specify the
method for land use conversion and regulation.
Following are considerations which were taken into account while conceptualising the structure of
draft DP.
OBJECTIVES
Facilitating Growth & Economic Development To boost the spatial and economic growth in both
GMC and GUDA the land market has been opened for TP schemes. GUDA villages will
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Comparison Of Mazda Adli 's Article, Urban Stress And...
Tension in the City Mazda Adli's article, Urban stress and mental health, proclaims stress as a
responsive threat to our intellectual and physical well–being. A declaration of that magnitude couldn
't be more authentic, since many of us, young and old endure such apprehension. Countless factors
within our lifestyle generate such a strain, however, one in particular discussed is stress among
inhabitants living in populated, urban communities. Such audience persuaded in his writing is a CU
student, who in the distance future, has a decision to make regarding urban living upon graduation.
For swaying such an audience, Adli grasps the essence of social tension, identifying it as a
ramification of urban livelihood. Even more enthralling is his association of stress in one 's
evolution through juvenescence, corresponding it with disorders such as depression and
schizophrenia. Furthermore, he cites its effect on brain development, in turn exhibiting emotional
and ethical appeal, captivating anyone in the universal populace. Throughout the reading, he enables
CU students alike to distinguish their own logic on urban living and its significance to their
respective standard of health, and existence. One can recognize a CU student as a youthful
individual who rides an emotional waves throughout their educational adventure. After all, stressing
over countless decisions regarding your future surely gets many to a tipping point. Across the
introductory paragraphs, CU students gets a
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Rural Urban Environment Essay
Transition from Rural to Urban Environments
Humans once lived in the natural world, as other wild animals continue to do, but with the evolution
of civilization came urbanization. The United Nations reports that In the middle of the 20th century,
30 percent of people resided in urban areas. Today, over half of the world's population lives in urban
environments, and this figure is expected to increase anywhere from ten to twenty percent in the
next few decades (United Nations). Europe and the Americas are the most highly urbanized places,
but countries in all parts of the world are urbanizing at increasing rates (United Nations). The rise of
people living in urban areas will add 2. 5 billion people to the population by 2050, which will
further increase the demand for urbanization (United Nations). Meanwhile, less people are living in
rural environments (United Nations). The rate of rural population growth has decreased since the
1950s, and it is projected that the number of people living in rural areas will drop from the current 3.
4 billion to 3. 2 billion by 2050 (United Nations).
Changes in living environments consequently brought about changes in lifestyle. Richard Louv
recalls that the middle of the last century saw a huge migration of Americans to suburban
neighborhoods, areas that fall in between the categorizations for rural and urban. (2008). While the
concept of suburbia implies less urbanicity than cities, today's suburbs are vastly different from the
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predation, decreased breeding and unknown reasoning. The...
predation, decreased breeding and unknown reasoning. The true remarkable feature the fox has
adapted to, to keep this steady population number, urban environments has done this by changing its
breeding requirements to fit the mortality rates that occur in urban areas. The urban fox, as written
previously in this document, says, "To make up for such a high rate of mortality, the foxes have
larger litters (an average of seven or more cubs compared with an average of less than five in town
foxes), and all the vixens will breed, whereas each year about 25% of the vixens in urban areas will
not," (Baker, P and Harris, S 2009. p10–11), sufficient reasoning to keep a stable number and to
allow for the losses to be invalid by survival of others ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Only 10.9% of people felt that there should be no methods of control incorporated into the council
or private schemes and that they should be left alone. The other 89.1% thought that there should be a
cull on the foxes and this was divided by different methods of control. Catch and release being the
most popular method used.
This conclusion also backs up the decision that education about the fox is more necessary, as the
price of culling and solutions is expensive and causes more stress than good to the fox. By releasing
a fox in a place that they are not used to or don't know how to survive in then there will be an influx
in deaths and who is to say they won't re–inhabit another urban area by travelling to such
destination.
The results also show that within the urban environment, the people who did the survey, back up the
point made that a solution should be implemented and is necessary as a result of the impact these
foxes have in urban areas, as only 25% of the people said they feel the fox should be left alone and
no method of control was necessary.
From this document I have concluded that it is imperative for the work of the government and the
councils to include some way of understanding peoples responses and desires to how safe they feel
living in close proximity with the fox. I reviewed many pieces of literature, gained quantitative
research and qualitative
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Parable Of The Sower
Introduction
As the world's population continue to migrate and live in urban areas, planners, engineers, and
politicians have an important responsibilities to ensure that they are livable and sustainable. But
what defines an urban area, and what makes it so attractive? In my opinion, urban area are places
that consists of a variety of land uses and buildings. Places where services and amenities are easily
accessible to the general public, with an efficient multimodal (i.e. rail, vehicles, bikes, public transit,
walking and etc.) established transportation network. As well, it should be a place where people can
play, learn, work, and grow in a healthy, safe, and collaborative manner. Based on that definition, the
novel, Parable of the Sower ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the novel, as the government fails to look after their towns, many corporations, such as KSF,
brought out many towns, such as Olivar. At first, corporate owned towns seemed ideal since they
offer jobs and protection, thus citizens in Robledo were quickly applying for spots. Ultimately,
Lauren's friend, Joanne, and her family got accepted to Olivar and she even said ""I have to go.
What else is there for me––for anyone. It's all going to hell here. You know it is." (Butler 150).
However despite Joanne's belief, Lauren, her father and Joanne's boyfriend were all skeptical about
Olivar since they contemplated that it is a trap and at "... the end is debt and loss of freedom."
(Butler 152). It was not until the end of the novel, when we met corporate town escapees, Emery,
that the readers finally learns about the truth about corporate owned towns. It was stated by Emery
that "wages were paid, but in company scrip, not in cash. Rent was charged for the workers' shacks.
Workers had to pay for food, for clothing–– new or used–– for everything they needed, and, of
course they could only spend their company notes at the company store." (Butler 330). As well, to
make matter worst, they don't have any rights or freedom, as stated by Emery
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China 's Recent Urban Planning
Study Context and Data Sources
2.1 Beijing's Recent Urban Planning
Beijing is the capital of China and one of the most populous cities in the world. The current
population as of 2014 was over 21 million. The area of Beijing Metropolitan Area (BMA) is 16,410
square kilometers. According to land use dataset of Beijing Institute of City Planning, the total urban
area as of 2012 was 1,675 square kilometers. The BMA currently comprises 16 administrative
subdivisions, as presented in Figure 1.
Figure 1 The Beijing Metropolitan Area Since the latest administrative boundary adjustment of
Beijing in 1958, there have been five urban master plans drafted in 1958, 1973, 1982, 1992 and
2004. Each master plan was associated with a planned overall land use map. Individual land parcels
in the map were assigned with a land classification of either urban (residential, commercial,
industrial, public green land, and mixed–use land) or non–urban (farmland, forestland, and wetland)
(Long, Gu, & Han, 2012). The maps guide the future urban development, and actual land uses
should conform to the land classification plan.
Since the beginning of the 1990s, the BMA has experienced an unprecedented increase in
population growth and urban development. By the year 2003, Beijing's population and urban built–
up area had already surpassed the capacity set forth in the 1992 –2010 Master Plan, seven years
ahead of the plan's scheduled expiration date. To address new challenges and plan for greater
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Metropolitan Sprawl
Methodology
Design
This research will answer to the preceding research questions in five steps:
Step one: I will refine and update the Ewing et al. (2002) metropolitan sprawl indices to 2010This
study will differ from the Ewing et al.'s 2002study in three respects. First, it will include additional
metrics from various data sources such as Walk Score, NAVTEQ road data, Smart Location
Databases and National Land Cover Database in order to increase validity and captures more aspects
of each four dimensions (development density, land use mix, activity centering and street
accessibility).
Second, for measuring the degree of centering, as the third dimension of sprawl, this study will seek
to identify the location of central business districts ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A metropolitan area is a region that consists of a densely populated urban core and its less–
populated surrounding areas that are economically and socially linked to it. The criteria of defining
metropolitan areas changed in 2003. Smaller MSAs remained the same, but larger metropolitan
areas, previously referred to as consolidated metropolitan statistical areas (CMSAs) are now defined
as MSAs (see figure 1). Different portions of CMSAs, previously referred to as primary
metropolitan statistical areas (PMSAs), have been redefined and reconfigured as metropolitan
divisions. For example, the old New York CMSA consisted of eleven counties in two states and four
PMSAs: New York PMSA, Nassau–Suffolk PMSA, Dutchess County PMSA and Newburgh, NY–
PA PMSA (see figure 2). The current New York MSA consists of twenty–three counties in three
states and four metropolitan divisions. Metropolitan divisions do not perfectly substitute for PMSAs,
as they have different size thresholds (2.5 million vs. 1 million population), but they come as close
to representing homogenous units as we can come with current census geography. Metropolitan
divisions are designated for each of the eleven largest
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Effect of Neoliberalism or the Shift to a Neoliberal...
Effect of Neoliberalism, Or the Shift to a Neoliberal Philosophy on Cities
Neoliberalism is a concept in social studies and economics. It occurs when control of economic
factors shifts to the private sector from the public sector. Neoliberalism is driven by the desire to
expand and intensify the market. This is achieved by increasing the frequency, number, and
repeatability of transactions. The main aim of neoliberalism is the attainment of a nation where
every market transaction is carried out in competition with other actions. These actions affect the
other subsequent actions and occur in an infinitely short time. The key aspects in neoliberalism that
affect cities are highlighted below.
Rule of the market: The global scale market economy has been in existent for a long time. This has
prompted neoliberals to search for new market areas. Both private and free enterprises are liberated
from the government bonds regardless of the effect it has on society (Harvey, 1978). This will create
greater openness to investment and international trade. There will also be zero price controls. In
neoliberalism, a free market is not a free market if the shops are closed even before midnight. A 24–
hour economy is what will result in ultimate satisfaction. Property emphasis has been replaced by an
emphasis on contract (Harvey, 1978). An unregulated market is the solution to increased economic
growth. The benefits are equally shared in the society.
Mobility does not signify economic growth.
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Industrial Areas From Centralization And Neoliberal...
With the start of globalization and international expansion cities became a more significant part for
various industry sectors. By 2000, more than 500 cities had more than one million inhabitants.
According to the United Nations, 54% of the world's population currently live in urban areas.
Urbanization combined with the overall growth of the world's population could add another 2.5
billion people to urban populations by 2050, with close to 90 percent of the increase concentrated in
Asia and Africa. This significant change of urbanization will lead to challenges in satisfying the
needs for housing, infrastructure, transportation, energy supply and employment, as well as for basic
services such as education and health care . This report will critically discuss three key elements in
relation to urbanisation: political economy, economic growth in urban areas and urban sociology.
With this discussion, I will argue that the shift in urban areas from centralization and neoliberal
globalisation had effected society in different parts of the world differently. Since this essay is only
looking at three main aspects, this is not a complete discussion of the matter, but it is intended to
provide an insight in the main aspects of economic development in urban areas. POLITICAL
URBAN DEVELOPMENT The study of urban politics is the study what occurs on the ground,
among people who share the same space for day–to–day living. This makes the study of urban
politics particularly challenging
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
The Importance Of Strategic Quality Management And...
QUALITY MANGMENT IN HEALTH DEVISION AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Research for Senior Managers
Haleema Sadia
ATHE ID : 9740
Finance and Technology Institute of London(FATIL)
FIN/000273
Postgraduate Diploma in Strategic Management (Level7)
[May, 2015]
A STUDY OF QUALITY MANGMENT IN HEALTH DEVISION AND ECONOMIC
DEVELOPMENT
Incase of Pakistan and India (How Administrations of both States can utilize strategic tools for
Economic Development)
Abstract:
Purpose– the real intention of this research is to explore and identify the dilemmas, factors and
issues in south East Asian countries (Pakistan and India), which affect their population's overall
health and cause real obstacles to economic development.
This research will also focus on existence of strategic planning tools like quality management in
state's economic policy.
Another focus of this paper is to emphasize on how Administration/Government can utilize their
human capital to enhance their available natural sources.
This study will explore that Strategic Quality management's contribution towards economic
expansion, which provide analytical outlook of their internal capabilities and external prospects.
This research will also spotlight on economical, political and socio cultural issues, which are making
distraction and building a gap between path of success and sustainable growth.
Design/methodology–this paper explains secondary resources like literature review, theories and
some websites
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Urbanization In Canada
Salaho Ahmed
Mawahib Yusuf
HHS4U
May, 25, 2016 Urbanization The city life often referred to as an experience like no other. The big
change an individual makes when moving from a rural area to the city affects all aspect of a person
life. This movement is called urbanization; "is a population shift from rural to urban areas, "the
gradual increase in the proportion of people living in urban areas", and the ways in which each
society adapts to the change. Urbanization is predominantly the process by which towns and cities
form and become larger. It usually occurs when a country is still developing or the better services
available in the city. The rate of urbanization in Canada is 1.12% ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
What is urbanization? Urbanization is the increase of population in an urban area. It is as much as a
social process as it is an economic and territorial process. There are a few major cause of
urbanization which include the industrial revolution, immigration, push and pull factor.
Industrialization is the increase and development of a society or country that transforms its self s
itself from a primarily agricultural society into one based on the industrialized of goods and
services. The increasing number of factories created has a powerful need for labor, compelling
people in rural areas to move to the city, and drawing immigrants from around the world to come to
Canada for employment. As a result, Canada has transformed from a rural to an urban nation, and
the demographics of the country shifted dramatically. Subsequent industrial development the
process of urban¬ization is accelerating at much more rapidly rate. Urbanization brings about social
and cultural changes in community life, which also correspond to modernization. The loss of
community life and traditional large–sized joint families on one hand and growing individualism,
and smaller sizes of house¬holds and development of independent personalities in a diverse
community on the other, are the commonly observed characteristics of urban as well as modern way
of
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Chapter 9-Review Questions
Erin Allbritton BIO103 4/5/17 Professor Van Brekulen
Chapter 9–Review Questions
1. What is urbanization? Which countries are the most urbanized? The least urbanized? What is the
urbanization trend today in largely rural nations? Urbanization is a process in which people
increasingly move from rural areas to densely populated cities.
2. What is an urban agglomeration? Give an example. An urban agglomeration is a urbanized core
region that consists of several adjacent cities or megacities and their surrounding developed suburbs.
Las Vegas, Nevada is an example of an urban agglomeration.
3. What are some of the problems brought on by rapid urbanization?
4. How can a city system be analyzed from an ecosystem
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Poverty And Poverty In Ethiopia
The Ethiopia's economy is predominantly based on agriculture which accounts for 41% of GDP as
per 2010/11. About 29.6 percent of the population (as per 2010/2011) lives under the poverty line
which is the minimum level of income or expenditure deemed necessary to achieve minimum
requirements of life. Poverty in Ethiopia is more pronounced in rural areas as compared to the urban
areas ( http://www.eiiff.com/economy/ethiopia/poverty.html accessed on 3 December 2017). 30.4
percent of the population in rural areas is poor whereas in urban areas it is 25.7 percent (MoFED,
2012).
Ethiopia's urban population has more than doubled in the past 20 years, from 7.3 million in 1994 to
an estimated 16.7 million in 2014. The rates of population growth between the census periods of
1984–94 and 1994– 2007 were 4.4 and 3.8 percent, respectively. Over the past 30 years, Ethiopia's
annual urban population growth rate has been higher than the average in Sub–Saharan Africa (which
itself is among the fastest urbanizing regions in the world). While Addis Ababa remains the largest
urban area, other cities and towns have also grown rapidly (Ethiopia urbanization report, 2013). The
average household size is 4.7 persons, which is slightly slower than the average of 4.8 persons per
household reported in 2000. Urban households have fewer members than rural households
(https://www.unicef.org/ethiopia/ET accessed on 30 November 2017) In urban areas, the average
household size is 3.6 persons, compared
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
How The Rainfall Discharge Is An Urban Environment? Essay
Introduction
Rivers and streams are supplied with water that runs of the landscape surface and flows into the
them, this area of land where this occurs is called a catchment (Holden, 2012).There are many issues
that are related to urban hydrology and catchments, however, the most problematic and frequent one
is flooding. Flooding occurs when high amounts of rainfall fall in the urban area and accumulates on
the surfaces, due to the high development in urban areas. This is because most surfaces in urban
areas are concreted, developed or highly congested with buildings, which results in the rainfall not
being able to infiltrate into the soil due to these surfaces being impermeable (Davie, 2002).
Therefore, the rainfall becomes runoff and makes its way into river systems which can cause rivers
and streams to rise rapidly, resulting in localised flooding in urban areas. The aim of this experiment
was to understand how the rainfall discharge in an urban environment will differ to a rural
environment. Interpretations were able to be made from completing this experiment as to how and
why the rainfall discharge differs between the two environments and what affects it could potentially
have on the area of concern. The aim was achieved by simulating the two different catchment types
and simulating rainfall to produce discharge results. A hydrograph was also produced from the
results to allow analysis and interpretation of the results which was used to compare the two
environments. It
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Urban Decline With Middle Class
In addition, McDonald (1986) expressed the beginning notion of gentrification that indicated the
urban decline with middle class individuals abruptly and surprisingly moving into neighborhood
where crime rates were tremendously high. In the study, time– arrangement information from
fourteen gentrified neighborhoods in Boston, New York, San Francisco, Seattle, and Washington,
D.C., were broke down to figure out whether gentrification had an impact on wrongdoing rates in
focal city neighborhoods. The areas took after each other in natural or locational amenities, pulled in
young middle– class professionals with nonfamily living arrangements, and encountered a quick
valuation for property estimations. Extra components advanced a unique character to every area.
Inquiry of crime gentrification prompts some inevitable lessening in individual crime rates however
that it has not may be just temporary in gentrified neighborhoods. Crime may go about as an issue
system to discourage neighborhood security bringing about gentrification (McDonald, 1986).
Lawrence (2013) promotes a theory that expresses the relationship between gentrification and
violent crime rates, specifically in Washington, DC. Gentrification is a social marvel that includes
center and privileged residents moving into the city area where vehement crime had at one time
went about as an issue for keeping undesirable demographics out. An increment in requesting for
housing by the higher salary inhabitants drives up the
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Mystic River Analysis
Mystic River is an important film that portrays the turnover of events I an urban life. Murders occur
anywhere and anytime with close friends and relatives being some of the major suspects. The
situation may get out of hand when the affected family members decide to take law into their own
hands by engaging into vengeful acts. This paper will delve on reviewing Mystic River and
determine how it can be related to the urban planning.
The urban vetting has limited space as children are seen playing some of their games on the same
streets where the vehicles are supposed to use. The three boys are able to come across wet concrete
walls and decide to write their names on them before one of them is kidnapped by one of them. The
scenario portrays a very serious challenge experienced in most urban areas where people remain
crowded together due to scarcity of land. This eventually, leads to limited mobility. Children are
seen playing in dangerous and risky areas such as on roadsides where they can be easily hit by
speeding vehicles(Zhonget al., 7). Therefore, it is imperative devising appropriate mechanisms that
can help address the overcrowding challenge in order to overcome the limited mobility menace. It is
remains a serious issue that needs to be addressed as it aids in eliminating many vices among them
children abduction.
It is also evident that a number of the urban residents are related to each familial links. Therefore,
they have a strong affiliation to each other
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Employment And Wages Of Migrant Workers
Employment and Wages There are an estimated 274 million rural migrant workers in China, making
36% of total working population and is divided into two categories i) short distance; and ii) long–
distance.[footnoteRef:1] Short–distance migrant workers live near to their dwelling regions. The
majority of rural migrant workers are employed in low–paid jobs in manufacturing, construction and
services. In addition to low wages, migrant workers do not have a job security and work long hours.
Long distance migrants work on average 25.3 days and 8.8 hours a day. In addition, even with the
implementation of ?Labor Contract Law?, in 2014, only 38% of long–distance migrant workers had
signed a formal employment contract with their employers and for short–distance migrant workers
the number was even lower at 33%.[footnoteRef:2] This clearly portrays that the ?Labor laws? are
in place, but they are not applied rigidly. [1: http://www.clb.org.hk/en/content/migrant–workers–
and–their–children ] [2: Ibid] Social Security and Healthcare The trouble is not just restricted to low
wages or exceeding working hours, number of migrant workers, enjoying any form of pension or
social security remain low as compared to the national norm. The annual study of migrant workers
in 2014 found that just 16.4% of long–distance migrant workers received a pension program and
18.2% had medical insurances. Education Although the ?Compulsory Education Law? states that all
children are entitled to schooling
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A Brief Note On Rural And Semi Urban
Urban people are more conscious about guaranteed return, semi urban have less confidence on
transparency and money back in time.
3. Do you have any Insurance?
150
100
50
0 urban semi–urban no yes
4. Which type of insurance you have taken
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0 semi–urban urban semi–urban private your occupation urban semi–urban urban government
business term life insurance saving or investment retired plan child insurance income insurance
Whether urban or semi–urban, normal term insurance is taken in majority by both government and
private employees. Government employees are more interested in Investment and Retired plan in
compare of Private employees. Private employees are keen to income insurance.
5. Name of company of which you have taken insurance 24
100
90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
Series1
Series2
This is combined of both urban and semi urban respondents.
6. How do you know about your current policy?
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10 5 0 urban semi–urban
In urban market Internet plays most important role to make awareness of product otherwise in semi–
urban areas, word of mouth and references of relative and friends is most salient. Even it has been
seen that in semi urban areas people purchase insurance because of pressure from relatives and their
seniors in job.
7. Have you heard about IDBI Federal life Insurance? 25
80
70
60
50 yes 40
30
20
10
0 urban semi–urban no can 't say
75 out of 100 urban respondents and 57 out of 100 semi–urban respondents have
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
United Nations Human Settlements Programme
At present, in excess of half of the world's population is situated in urban environments (United
Nations 2004, Fuller 2007). Staggeringly, by 2030, the urban population is projected to reach 4.9
billion, while the rural population is expected to decrease in size by 28 million (UNFPA 2007). It is
argued that the sustained growth in urban areas has been propelled by the increase in size and
prevalence of urban squatter settlements. The United Nations Human Settlements Programme
(2003a) reports that 78% of the urban population in the lowest income countries resides in squatter
settlements (2003a). Simmel (1903) and Wirth (1938) emphasised the oppressive nature of cities,
derived from densely populated, diverse and swelling metropolitan cities. In turn, this creates
psychological suffering, helping to explain why the incidence of psychiatric illnesses are higher in
urban areas (Lehrer 2009). While this is still true of many urban areas, predominantly in the global
north; what these theorists fail to recognise is the diverse nature of cities south of the Brandt line,
and how the standard of living and psychological health of its inhabitants is detrimentally impacted.
This essay will explore, early theorist's analyses of health in cities, followed by how their
perspectives are still relevant in the 21st century mostly in developed countries. Subsequently, the
essay will critique the stance of early urban theorists, suggesting how their analyses may no longer
be relevant in the
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Facts About Land Use / Land Cover
4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Knowing about land use/land cover has become important to
overcome the problem of biogeochemical cycles, loss of productive ecosystems, biodiversity,
deterioration of environmental quality, loss of agricultural lands, destruction of wetlands, and loss of
fish and wildlife habitat. The main reason behind the LU/LC changes includes rapid population
growth, rural–to–urban migration, reclassification of rural areas as urban areas, lack of valuation of
ecological services, poverty, ignorance of biophysical limitations, and use of ecologically
incompatible technologies. Due to involvement of multiple data sets, latest technologies like remote
sensing and GIS used to quantify LU/LC. On the basis of interpretation of remote sensing imagery,
field surveys, and existing study area conditions, the study area classified into five categories, that
is, Urban, Agriculture, Shrub land, Barren land, and Hilly area. The study area covers 134.464 km2
and LU/LC changes were estimated from 1984 to 2015. 4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS The
data obtained through the analysis of multi–temporal satellite imageries are registered in Table 2 and
the results are diagrammatically illustrated in Figs. 2. Fig. 2 depicts land use/cover status of four
study periods i.e., 1984, 1994, 2007 & 2015; Fig. 3 depicts Urban change & Agricultural area
changes from 1984–1994, 1994–2007 & 2007–2015. A brief account of these results is discussed in
the following paragraphs. 4.1. LAND USE/COVER
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Conceptual Framework And Literature Review
CHAPTER TWO
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK AND LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Literature Review
The aim of this literature review is to examine the complexities of the theoretical discussion on the
concepts and empirical research works on urban development, peripheral development and
metropolitan expansion in order to find a theoretical place within the broader concept of urban
growth effect on infrastructural development of peripheral settlements. In an attempt to strike a
balance between the growth of cities and the attendant effects on the infrastructural facilities of
peripheral settlements, a reconciliation of various growth concepts of urban development need to be
forged, the relationship of these concepts was brought to the fore with the literature review of the
studies of urban physical growth showing that urbanisation and city growth have received much
attention in the literature on urban studies (Ayogu 2003) but not many have had any of those study
showing the economic, social, and environmental effects of infrastructural facilities development on
the peripheral settlements. The literature review consists basically a thorough desk based research of
available materials linked to the subject in libraries and on the Internet. The more recent literature is
examined basically from the 1990s for the development of the theoretical and conceptual
discussions. Major scientific journals concerning urban expansion and growth, peripheral
development, metropolitan development and
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Book Review: Good City Form By Kevin Lynch
Himanshu Suthar
Pratyush Shankar
History and theory of urban design
11 February 2015
Book Review
Book name: 'Good city form'
Author: Kevin lynch
Edition: 1981 edition
Publisher: The MIT press, Cambridge, Massachusetts and London, England
Kevin lynch's book 'Good city form' gives us the answer of the question that what are the factors and
aspects which makes good city and how to achieve it as cities are too complicated objects, they are
far beyond the control, and they also affect the too many people with too many cultural variations.
The book provides knowledge of various urban theories through comprehensive discussions.
In this book Lynch defines that performance of the city can be measured by reference to its spatial
form. But the quality of a place is depends upon combined effect of place and the society which
occupies that place. Here Lynch sets up new dimensions for performance in his own criteria. Author
also expresses his approach on size of the city, conservation and growth, planning practices and
utopian models. The dimensions which are demonstrated in this book may not be fully perfect but of
course they combine all social values as well as physical values. Lynch believed that these described
dimensions must cover all features of all forms of the settlements and all these dimensions should be
usable where values are different.
The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As per the authors definition of what urban design should be he discusses three aspects of cities,
control and process, activities of humans and also the physical form of the city. As a planner or
urban designer one should pay attention to all these aspects which forms a better
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Futuristic Neighborhood Research Paper
Have you ever thought about the future? I have; I have thought about a futuristic neighborhood and
what it would be like to build one. If I could build one, it would have so many exciting features that
would be in it. I would have so many high–tech features that it would make the future everything we
thought it would be. So, if I could design a futuristic neighborhood, it would include moving
sidewalks, futuristic parks, and smart houses. To begin with, my futuristic neighborhood would have
to have houses. The houses will look like a apartment in a way except they will not be. They will be
smart houses and are going to be stacked up on one another and you will get everything you ask for.
Before you buy the house, they will ask you what you want in it and then you buy the house with
everything in it. Let's say you want a hot tub; you get a hot tub, an indoor trampoline park, or
anything you select. There will be a sound system and you can name it and it will hire people to
clean and make repairs and much more. Like a huge balcony, and a skylight, and a 155 inch flat
screen tv. Afterwards, I would get the neighborhood started on a moving sidewalk. The sidewalks
would be made with a special conveyor belt that travels all through the town and city. In addition,
the sidewalk would only ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The reason is because I would want the important assets done first. The park would have extremely
amazing features. If you do not, then where are you going to live or how will handicap people get
around by their self they couldn't. That's why I would do the houses first and the conveyor belt.
Anyways the park would have baseball, football, soccer, and tennis courts and fields. There will be a
huge playground for the little kids and there will be concession stands and and stores that you can
shop and get things then for a reward the kids can play for being good. The kids will hopefully be
calm and content and have the time of their
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

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Capturing The Ever Changing Chinese Consumer Market

  • 1. Capturing The Ever Changing Chinese Consumer Market This report is meant to capture the ever–changing Chinese consumer market. It includes demographic and economic information which McKinsey compiled by conducting Surveys in China, interviewing a total of more than 60,000 people in upward of 60 cities. As well as, information regarding rising incomes, consumer trends, and the aging population. These consumer trends are expected to continue into the year 2020. Common features of China 's changing demographics include rapid industrialization, rising incomes, urban living, better education, postponed life stages, and greater mobility. Changing Demographics Economic profiles have been and will continue to be the most important trend shaping the consumer landscape. The Chinese are getting richer faster, the disposable income of the urban consumer is expected to double between 2010 and 2020 from approximately $ 4,000 to $ 8,000. This is close to South Korea 's current standard of living but far behind the United States, Japan and other developing countries. The wealth of so many consumers is rising so rapidly, many people in the value category will have joined the mainstream by 2020. Mainstream consumers will then account for 51 percent of the urban population. Their level of wealth will remain quite low compared with that of consumers in developed countries. Yet this group, will comprise 167 million households (close to 400 million people), will become the standard setters for consumption, capable of affording small luxury ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 2.
  • 3. The City Of New York City Essay Throughout the centuries humans have seen cities rise and fall; each one had its own unique style and charm. Although no city is completely alike, they all have one thing in common: the elements that create them. Without these components, cities would not be successful and they would not foster memorable urban experiences. The main critical elements that are essential when designing a spatially rich urban condition are density, street, hierarchy, urban edge, streetwall and facades, and public/urban space. When a person thinks of New York City, one of the first things that comes to mind is how crowded it is, not only because of the sheer amount of people but because of the plethora of buildings as well. In other words, Manhattan is the perfect representation of density. Cities have large and rapidly growing populations due to the fact that people have been moving to big urban areas in search of opportunities for many years, and cities have an obligation to provide those opportunities for the public. Consequently, the more people there are, the bigger the demand is for residential, commercial, and school buildings. Cities must meet those demands by expanding, which is where density comes in. Without density, a city would look like and act as any other suburb. The density, or structures, of a city can be either planned or unplanned. Spiro Kostof, author of The City Shaped: Urban Patterns and Meanings Through History, states, "The first kind is the planned or designed or ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 4.
  • 5. Analysis Of Streetwise By Elijah Stanley In Streetwise, Elijah Anderson (1990) discusses the social forces at work in an urban area he calls the Village–Northton. His is a sociological field study of the daily interactions between the residents of an area encompassing two communities––in his words, "one black and low income to very poor (with an extremely high infant mortality rate), [and] the other racially mixed but becoming increasingly middle to upper income and white" (Anderson, 1990, p. ix). In keeping with valid sociological fieldwork, Anderson (1990) immersed himself in the community from the summer of 1975 through the summer of 1989. Anderson makes a strong case for the inevitability of ghetto life––in other words, once "ghettoization" begins, it continues its course without regard to a neighborhood's tentative and transitory movement toward gentrification. The middle class and well–heeled whites and minority cultures who move into regenerating urban communities are attracted to city life for its vibrancy and "charm," yet they ultimately are playing with fire when it comes to sharing the same neighborhood which was formerly the turf of gangs, prostitutes, drug dealers, and other societal deviants. Such areas are frequently called "colorful," when they are, in fact, dangerous. Charm and color quickly turn to fear and suspicion after more than enough reports of car break–ins, gang retaliations, and drug deals gone bad fill the local news. As Anderson (1990) points out in his conclusion: For those only weakly committed to city living, particularly middle–class people who have serious difficulty with social diversity and who have clear housing alternatives, the "problem–free" suburbs become tempting. After an incident such as a car break–in or a bicycle theft, a "last straw" can make them leave. (249) It is interesting to note that, in the above excerpt, Anderson (1990) uses very "minor" instances of crimes. But one too many minor crimes adds up to a whole greater than the sum of its parts––the urban center begins to appear more and more uninhabitable. Anderson (1990) uses the apt term "old heads" to typify those long–term residents who were in the urban center before gentrification, and who have been able to remain on, despite an ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 6.
  • 7. The Education System Of Education infrastructures. Students and pupils also have less equipment (stationaries, uniforms, laboratory for practical) at their perusal. The classrooms are poorly structured (leaking roof, mud buildings, no doors or windows) and always not sufficient. Lessons are at times received under trees. Because some communities don't have schools, so they all crowd the available ones. The distance covered to go to school, sometimes discourage the students. The female children also would be denied education, because they would be sent off to marry or stay at home and work on farms or house chore. Most fathers considered it a waste to train a female as she will soon be a married off and the fathers name lost. Unlike in the urban areas where schools are properly supervised by education boards, to ensure quality and standard is maintained. Some schools only have not more than 20 students in the class. Fully equipped and students have access to laboratory for research and practical. Most of such schools available in the urban areas are privately owned.  The rural areas are characterised by low level income, unemployment and underemployment, this eventually leads to resulting poverty for most individuals in the rural sector. These consequently leads to rural–urban drift with increasing infrastructural facilities. These urban migration also leads to shortage of skilled and unskilled labour in the rural–urban areas. Rural employees always seek better jobs in the urban areas. (Bolakale S, 2010) ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 8.
  • 9. The Impact Of Urban Population And The Current Causes... The last century has been characterized by the rapid growth of the urban areas which is likely to be one of the milestones in the current ages. Also known as the urbanization, this process, is defined by the unprecedented rural population shift to the cities which stems from the Modern period as a result of the Industrial Revolution. However, nowadays, the key aspect is the universal nature of such, issue t has an effect on an exceptional transformation on a global scale causing a drastic impact on the social, economic, cultural and political patterns. It is a widely held the opinion that one of the main challenges of this century is to clarify the origin and identify which are the sociodemographic factor that negatively impact on the urban population and the current causes social segregation. Regarding the recent academic research in human geography field, can be possible to associate this social segregation with the 'gentrification'. Thus, the gentrification can be defined as the dynamic process that displaces the local and low–income population of the district due to the urban revitalization of the area. Exploration of the social segregation in the Australian context (Melbourne and Sydney), might be the main purpose of this research. The analysis of the gentrification process is studied in order to find out what are the negative impacts on the population. Therefore, the research question might focus on the issue of the social transformation. Thus, the findings can ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 10.
  • 11. Difference Between Isolation And Social Isolation Modern cities today are populated with hundreds of thousands to billions of citizens sharing their built environment. As urban populations grow so does a dilemma; social isolation– the lack of civil association, of one to one human relationships, of feeling a sense of belonging, especially in a city. The urban environment contributes to social isolation in a multitude of ways. Even with the growth of urban populations social isolation is a problem that affects even the most populated cities around the world. This a problem that affects even the most populated cities around the world due to decisions made in the past. By looking major elements that play a role in cities across United States one can focus on understanding the needs of urban population, particularly those who are isolated to diminish social isolation and build social connectedness through planning. The urban environment contributes to social isolation in a multitude of ways such as urban renewal rapidly occurring and the built environments physical barriers. Social isolation is in relation to its urban surroundings and its conditions. Urban planning can influence inclusive cities and build modern urban environments that no longer contribute to social isolation. Social isolation is a widespread experience than most people acknowledge. In the text "Social Isolation in Modern Cities" Hortulanus provides a study held in the United States discovers that one quarter of all the people that were surveyed had no ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 12.
  • 13. Housing Affordability And The Housing Crisis Housing Affordability Housing affordability has been one of the most persistent national concerns mainly because housing costs are the biggest expenses in the budgets of most households. A typical American household spends more than a third of its budget on housing while poor and near–poor households commonly devote about half of their incomes to housing (Consumer Expenditure Survey, 2011) . The majority of studies of housing affordability focus on housing cost and its relationship to household income as the sole indicator of affordability. The main providers of affordability indexes in the US are real estate institutes and government agencies. The National Association of Realtors, for example, publishes a Housing Affordability Index for existing single–family homes by metropolitan area. The NAR affordability index measures whether or not a typical family could qualify for a mortgage loan on a typical home. An index value of 100 means that a family with the median income has exactly enough income to qualify for a mortgage on a median–priced home. An index above 100 signifies that a family earning the median income has more than enough income to qualify for a mortgage loan on a median–priced home, assuming a 20 percent down payment, while an index value less than 100 means that such a family cannot afford a median–priced home Likewise, HUD has a standard of affordability that focuses exclusively on housing costs. If the ratio of housing costs to household income is less ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 14.
  • 15. Essay about An Examination of American Female Adolescents African American female adolescence (who live in urban areas) compared to female caucasion female adolescence (who live in suburban areas) have a lot of differences amongst themselves. Among adults and children has increased dramatically in the past 20 years to reach epidemic proportions, and health care costs of excessive weight are estimated at more than $98 billion a year. In a previous study investigating risk factors for cardiovascular disease in a poor, rural county in Tennessee, the authors found that morbid African American female adolescence (who live in urban area) compared to caucasion female adolescence (who live in suburban areas was 6 times more common in urban African–American female adolescents than men, particularly ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Several socioeconomic factors have been investigated to explain these phenomena, including the effects of living in rural areas, income and educational levels, and family (marital) status. Armstrong reported on the changing trends in mortality rates, comparing white urban African– American female adolescents in states (all regions) that were classified as rural in 1940 and rural, moderately urban, or strongly urban in 1980. Their findings indicated that, in 1980, rural white urban African–American female adolescents had higher mortality rates from heart and cerebrovascular disease than urban African American female adolescence. In a separate study, Greenberg reported finding more African American female adolescence (who live in urban area) compared to caucasion female adolescence (who live in suburban areas and hypertension among rural African–American female adolescents, findings suggesting causal links between African American female adolescence (who live in urban area) compared to caucasion female adolescence (who live in suburban areas and higher mortality rates. The results of a 1993 national survey, the Multistage Telephone Survey (N = 387,704), however, identified conflicting differences in prevalence of African American female adolescence (who live in urban area) compared to caucasion female adolescence (who live in suburban areas according to geographic regions. In 1993, the percentage of urban African–American female ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 16.
  • 17. Benefits and Problems Associated With Urbanisation What are the Benefits and Problems Associated with Urbanisation? In the years following the Industrial Revolution, the practice of urbanisation became much more prevalent. Urbanisation has lead to an increase in the population of cities while leading to a decline in rural population. The effects of Urbanisation can be both positive and negative, whether it is on the peoples, the society or the environment. The practice of urbanisation has brought with it, many arguments as to whether it is a positive or negative phenomena. Throughout the course of this discussion we will look deeper in to what urbanisation really is. We will also analyse the arguments, and we will begin to unpack how urbanisation positively effects the environment as well ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Urbanisation has become somewhat of a fast growing phenomenon in the last 40 years especially, but it was not always the case. In the year 1800 only 5% of the global population was urbanized (DeVries, 1984) but following the agricultural and industrial revolutions, that number grew. In England for example the urban population jumped from 17% in 1801 to 72% in 1891 (Watson, 1993), and according to the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population division, in 2011 52.% of people were living in urban areas worldwide (United Nations, 2012). The same department estimate that by the year 2050 close to 70% of the worlds population will be living in urban areas, which will equate to over 6 billion people (United Nations, 2012). The areas with the highest urban populations currently are those in Latin America, with 76% of the population living in urban areas in the year 2000, however South and East Asia are set to have the biggest jump in urban population in the next 40 years (UN,2004). Today the largest and fastest growing cities are in developing countries (Envio Facts 2001).This data shows that urbanisation is responsible for massive growth, obviously in urban settlements. This massive growth is bound to have some effects on the environment both negative and positive. Environmental Problems Associated with Urbanisation. Urbanisation has lead to massive growth in the ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 18.
  • 19. Capitalism And Capitalist Culture In Nashville, Tennessee Capitalism and consumerist culture has unleashed an attack on local racially diverse communities and replaced them with whitewashed hipster trends that offer no benefit to the original inhabitants of the neighborhood whatsoever, while heightening the profits of white property owners. Have you ever walked along streets of an urban area like Nashville, Tennessee? Nashville, a city commonly known for being a big small town that promoted its intimacy with history and southern traditions, began to evolve when massive investments toward convention centers, stadiums, apartment buildings, and highways flooded in. Along with this now almost unrecognizable city came a new kind of people that were mainly comprised of upper class Caucasians. Essentially, with the new city, came an influx of economic benefit through a group of buyers taking part in a bizarre redevelopment or urban renewal who focused on building the city upwards and outwards while overly exaggerating what was thought to be traditionally authentic. A city that remained true to tradition and its' southern soul grew a new kind of loyalty towards an unorthodox form of gentrification. A lifestyle that was unfair and rooted in error. Gentrifiers often go in search of something that fits the needs of what is desired, something authentic. Unfortunately, Nashville became a spot for these people to, in their words, improve the quality and authenticity of the city. However, this false sense of authenticity blindly drives ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 20.
  • 21. Causes Of Landuse In Bangladesh The single greatest landuse is farming however the fundamental physical highlights deciding a wide range of landuse are the conduits and standing water bodies. Bangladesh is one of the world's biggest wetland zones, and amid the stormy season around 66% of the nation can be delegated wetlands as characterized in the Ramsar Convention. Waterways cover a region of roughly 7,700 sq km in the wet season; this incorporates streams of all sizes, with the exception of little regular khals. One of the issues in evaluating landuse in Bangladesh is that the region secured by water bodies increments enormously in the rainstorm however wanes to half as much in the dry season. Another entangling factor is the impact of tides on low estuarine burns. The level of the sound of bengal impinging on the terrain of Bangladesh is around two meters higher in the rainstorm season (May– October) than in the dry season (November–April). Consequently, many scorches and diaras, which are dry land, frequently, developed in the dry season, and go submerged amid the blustery season. In the waterfront regions eminent extent of the horticultural land has gone under shrimp culture. A urban region suggests a zone with assorted and spatially scattered land employments. These land utilizes draw in and create developments to and far from them. Thusly, the more land utilizes a urban territory has, the more differentiated or more noteworthy: the goals; modular outings; financial exercises; versatility clashes ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 22.
  • 23. How Urban Environments Has Made More Sustainable And What... How Have Urban Environments Been Made More Sustainable And What More Needs To Be Done for the Future? Introduction The National Geographic Education define an urban environment as, 'the region surrounding a city. Urban areas are very developed, meaning there is a density of human structures such as houses, commercial buildings, roads, bridges, and railways.(1)' The International Institute for Sustainable Development define sustainable development as 'development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. (2)' In 2014, approximately 54%(3) of the total global population live in urban environments. The global urban population has grown significantly from 34% in 1960(3) ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... The provision of affordable mass transit provides residents of urban areas greater accessibility, which can provide them with more opportunities and services. Furthermore, with the provision of a successful transport system, it is highly likely for the number of people using personal vehicles to fall. This fall in the use of cars would mean that less harmful gases such as Carbon Monoxide, Nitrogen Oxide and Sulphur Dioxide released and so the natural environment would benefit. With a successful transport system, accessibility is greatly improved, which can be beneficial economically for a city. People are able to travel to and from work and the transport can also be used for trading goods and services. However, current mass transit is unsustainable in urban cities due to its reliance on non–renewable fossil fuels and the pollution it creates has a significant impact on the environment. Currently, transport is accountable for 20%–25% of world's energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions(1) and the current systems mostly run on fossil fuels, which are expected to run out by 2088 according to ecotricity(2). In order to improve the sustainability of an urban area, the transport systems, which need to be in place for economic and social reasons, need to become greener, cleaner and run on renewable energy. Current technology is not currently in place to allow for this significant change and so gradual changes have been introduced in some of the world cities. London's ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 24.
  • 25. Economic Development In Belize: A Case Study Belize's development is an important economical, environmental, and political issue which continues to be the subject of discussion. Historically, Belize has passed through many stages of development, originating from a hunter and gathering society, during the Mayan revolution, to a post industrial society, following the advent of computers. Technological improvements, freedom of trade and the creation of a global market are some factors that have fuelled this rapid rate of development. The gross domestic product (GDP) is one of the primary indicators used to gauge the health of a country's economy. Belize has experienced times of economic prosperity, recording 8055.43 USD per capita GDP in 2014 and has had economic hardships of 5168.29 USD per capita GDP in 1990. Currently, Belize is experiencing what economist term a negative growth, recording a GDP of –1.2 Percent. Economic development is "the process by which a nation improves the economic, political, and social well–being of its people". Economic development in any country is necessary for the quality of life and standard of living to be improved. The term "impact" must be considered in relation to development and the environment. Every form of development has a cost or environmental risk associated with it. In the 1980's, there was a shift to a new kind of development often termed an alternate development. The establishment of the Brundtland Commission paved the pathway for future aggressive plans designed to ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 26.
  • 27. Poor Mental Health Introduction Poor mental health represents a significant problem worldwide and in the UK, with approximately 16% of the population being affected at any given time (Foresight, 2008 and Department of Health, 2009). This is a particular concern in Scotland where approximately one in six individuals show signs of poor mental health (Audit Scotland, 2009). Scotland also has particularly high suicide rates which exceed those for the rest of the UK (Smith–Merry et al., 2009 and Mok et al., 2012). In addition to the personal cost to the individual, poor mental health has significant societal and economic implications, representing a £22.5 billion a year direct cost to the English economy alone (McCrone et al., 2008). In Scotland, the direct and indirect costs of poor mental health are estimated to be £10.7 billion (Scottish Association for Mental Health (SAMH), 2011). Subsequent understanding of what factors have an impact upon mental health at the individual and societal level is of great importance to future research and intervention. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... The 20th century has been characterised by the movement of populations from rural to urban areas – a phenomenon expressed as urbanisation. For the first time in human history, the world is predominantly urban, with over half of the population living in towns and cities; this is predicted to rise to over 6.3 billion by 2050 (Demographia World Urban Areas, 2016). The movement of populations to urban environments is perhaps the single most significant demographic shift in the past century. Given the current and projected growth in urban living, research into understanding the potential impacts of urban versus rural living on individual mental health is becoming increasingly ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 28.
  • 29. Megacity And Megacity There is no doubt that the world population is growing and growing rapidly but in order for the world to hold the mass change there is a need for humanity to adapt. According to the UN (United Nations) more than half of humanity today 3.9 billion people in 2014, today over 4 billion lives in urban areas (UN 2014, p. 1).This is a profound shift in the course of one century, or within a single lifetime for some of the longer lived people. Not only is the world's urban population rapidly increasing, but cities themselves are growing larger and larger, with the number of "megacities" (population at least 10 million) almost tripling from 10 in 1990 to 28 in 2014 (UN 2014, p. 13). To first understand how such mega urbanity affects humanity one first needs to understand what a Megacity is. Once one understands this concept they will be able to indicate what the development of cities and our urban past have to say for urban future, understand the concept of a city and its history, be able to explain the urban way of life associated with cities and finally be able to assess the challenges and changes that cities and urban life face in modern day. Megacities are for the most part a very modern concept, they are best described as any city that holds 10 million residents or more. Some examples of modern day mega cities are Shanghai, Paris and London. A city typically defined as a large settlement of humans which holds extensive systems for housing, transportation, sanitation, land use ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 30.
  • 31. Essay On Public Transportation Public transportation is important in major cities such as New York, Tokyo, and Los Angeles. But one of the key differences between Atlanta and the other cites is size. Or most notably population when it's not as big as these examples. People are not accustomed to public transportation because of the amount of crime that happens in public transportation. Another reason of how public transportation is not effective in Atlanta. There aren't many places to go that public transportation reaches. Often when people who are using public transportation aren't from there. They use it to see other places of interests. One of the last and final reason on why public transportation in Atlanta is not effective is because of taxis and Uber. They are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Relatively few spots to go is one reason why open transportation doesn't work here in Atlanta. Thinking back New York for instance is the reason it's essential over yonder then it is here. The guide of transportation is more mind boggling in New York then it is in Atlanta. There aren't many spots to visit, for example, the Empire State Building or the Statue of Liberty. Along these lines, individuals won't utilize public transportation. Why? Take Zoo Atlanta as an example it is about a 25–minute walk away from the closest MARTA station, which is great if you want to urban hike and see some of the historic Grant Park neighborhood. But if you don't you can take a cab which defeats the purpose of the taking the MARTA. Making it pointless here in Atlanta. Taxis and Companies such as Uber and Lift are popular to use here. Why use a bus or a train here if you know where you are going? Why use it if you don't like to be around people on the bus? People find it safer to ride a taxi or an Uber. I personally have used both a taxi and an Uber and didn't find it any difficult. Unlike the transportation card that you must continually have to reload when you are low on funds. At times it seems like a hassle. It is true that the price to use a bus is around three or four dollars, but that doesn't justify the amount of stops that it will take to just get there. Taxis are a one–way trip to go to your destination. There is no need to ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 32.
  • 33. Strategies for Clean, Green and Solar Gandhinagar The integrated master plan 2031, suggests strategies for clean, green and solar Gandhinagar. The vision statement of the plan focuses on indorsing a vibrant Gandhinagar, which fundamentally possess green city qualities. Envisioning Gandhinagar to be: A leading green capital city in the world with a unique identity and vibrancy Having a strong and diverse economic raise Having environmentally sustainable infrastructure technologies An ideal place for living including learning, working, consuming and leisure in an inclusive manner Goals of Master Plan: Goal1: to achieve clean, green and solar agenda Environmental improvement strategies Economic development strategies Infrastructure development strategies Goal 2: to position its exclusive identity in Ahmedabad–Gandhinagar twin city context Goal 3: to shape GNA, genius loci of GUDA 4.3.2 Development Plan I. GUDA DP for 2011 Under the section–12 of GTPUDA–1976; DP of GUDA was prepared. The aim of DP was to facilitate transformation of GUDA in to a vibrant urban centre which provides a high quality of infrastructure and service delivery. The GTPUDA–1976, demands that GUDA DP shall specify the method for land use conversion and regulation. Following are considerations which were taken into account while conceptualising the structure of draft DP. OBJECTIVES Facilitating Growth & Economic Development To boost the spatial and economic growth in both GMC and GUDA the land market has been opened for TP schemes. GUDA villages will ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 34.
  • 35. Comparison Of Mazda Adli 's Article, Urban Stress And... Tension in the City Mazda Adli's article, Urban stress and mental health, proclaims stress as a responsive threat to our intellectual and physical well–being. A declaration of that magnitude couldn 't be more authentic, since many of us, young and old endure such apprehension. Countless factors within our lifestyle generate such a strain, however, one in particular discussed is stress among inhabitants living in populated, urban communities. Such audience persuaded in his writing is a CU student, who in the distance future, has a decision to make regarding urban living upon graduation. For swaying such an audience, Adli grasps the essence of social tension, identifying it as a ramification of urban livelihood. Even more enthralling is his association of stress in one 's evolution through juvenescence, corresponding it with disorders such as depression and schizophrenia. Furthermore, he cites its effect on brain development, in turn exhibiting emotional and ethical appeal, captivating anyone in the universal populace. Throughout the reading, he enables CU students alike to distinguish their own logic on urban living and its significance to their respective standard of health, and existence. One can recognize a CU student as a youthful individual who rides an emotional waves throughout their educational adventure. After all, stressing over countless decisions regarding your future surely gets many to a tipping point. Across the introductory paragraphs, CU students gets a ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 36.
  • 37. Rural Urban Environment Essay Transition from Rural to Urban Environments Humans once lived in the natural world, as other wild animals continue to do, but with the evolution of civilization came urbanization. The United Nations reports that In the middle of the 20th century, 30 percent of people resided in urban areas. Today, over half of the world's population lives in urban environments, and this figure is expected to increase anywhere from ten to twenty percent in the next few decades (United Nations). Europe and the Americas are the most highly urbanized places, but countries in all parts of the world are urbanizing at increasing rates (United Nations). The rise of people living in urban areas will add 2. 5 billion people to the population by 2050, which will further increase the demand for urbanization (United Nations). Meanwhile, less people are living in rural environments (United Nations). The rate of rural population growth has decreased since the 1950s, and it is projected that the number of people living in rural areas will drop from the current 3. 4 billion to 3. 2 billion by 2050 (United Nations). Changes in living environments consequently brought about changes in lifestyle. Richard Louv recalls that the middle of the last century saw a huge migration of Americans to suburban neighborhoods, areas that fall in between the categorizations for rural and urban. (2008). While the concept of suburbia implies less urbanicity than cities, today's suburbs are vastly different from the ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 38.
  • 39. predation, decreased breeding and unknown reasoning. The... predation, decreased breeding and unknown reasoning. The true remarkable feature the fox has adapted to, to keep this steady population number, urban environments has done this by changing its breeding requirements to fit the mortality rates that occur in urban areas. The urban fox, as written previously in this document, says, "To make up for such a high rate of mortality, the foxes have larger litters (an average of seven or more cubs compared with an average of less than five in town foxes), and all the vixens will breed, whereas each year about 25% of the vixens in urban areas will not," (Baker, P and Harris, S 2009. p10–11), sufficient reasoning to keep a stable number and to allow for the losses to be invalid by survival of others ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Only 10.9% of people felt that there should be no methods of control incorporated into the council or private schemes and that they should be left alone. The other 89.1% thought that there should be a cull on the foxes and this was divided by different methods of control. Catch and release being the most popular method used. This conclusion also backs up the decision that education about the fox is more necessary, as the price of culling and solutions is expensive and causes more stress than good to the fox. By releasing a fox in a place that they are not used to or don't know how to survive in then there will be an influx in deaths and who is to say they won't re–inhabit another urban area by travelling to such destination. The results also show that within the urban environment, the people who did the survey, back up the point made that a solution should be implemented and is necessary as a result of the impact these foxes have in urban areas, as only 25% of the people said they feel the fox should be left alone and no method of control was necessary. From this document I have concluded that it is imperative for the work of the government and the councils to include some way of understanding peoples responses and desires to how safe they feel living in close proximity with the fox. I reviewed many pieces of literature, gained quantitative research and qualitative ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 40.
  • 41. Parable Of The Sower Introduction As the world's population continue to migrate and live in urban areas, planners, engineers, and politicians have an important responsibilities to ensure that they are livable and sustainable. But what defines an urban area, and what makes it so attractive? In my opinion, urban area are places that consists of a variety of land uses and buildings. Places where services and amenities are easily accessible to the general public, with an efficient multimodal (i.e. rail, vehicles, bikes, public transit, walking and etc.) established transportation network. As well, it should be a place where people can play, learn, work, and grow in a healthy, safe, and collaborative manner. Based on that definition, the novel, Parable of the Sower ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... In the novel, as the government fails to look after their towns, many corporations, such as KSF, brought out many towns, such as Olivar. At first, corporate owned towns seemed ideal since they offer jobs and protection, thus citizens in Robledo were quickly applying for spots. Ultimately, Lauren's friend, Joanne, and her family got accepted to Olivar and she even said ""I have to go. What else is there for me––for anyone. It's all going to hell here. You know it is." (Butler 150). However despite Joanne's belief, Lauren, her father and Joanne's boyfriend were all skeptical about Olivar since they contemplated that it is a trap and at "... the end is debt and loss of freedom." (Butler 152). It was not until the end of the novel, when we met corporate town escapees, Emery, that the readers finally learns about the truth about corporate owned towns. It was stated by Emery that "wages were paid, but in company scrip, not in cash. Rent was charged for the workers' shacks. Workers had to pay for food, for clothing–– new or used–– for everything they needed, and, of course they could only spend their company notes at the company store." (Butler 330). As well, to make matter worst, they don't have any rights or freedom, as stated by Emery ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 42.
  • 43. China 's Recent Urban Planning Study Context and Data Sources 2.1 Beijing's Recent Urban Planning Beijing is the capital of China and one of the most populous cities in the world. The current population as of 2014 was over 21 million. The area of Beijing Metropolitan Area (BMA) is 16,410 square kilometers. According to land use dataset of Beijing Institute of City Planning, the total urban area as of 2012 was 1,675 square kilometers. The BMA currently comprises 16 administrative subdivisions, as presented in Figure 1. Figure 1 The Beijing Metropolitan Area Since the latest administrative boundary adjustment of Beijing in 1958, there have been five urban master plans drafted in 1958, 1973, 1982, 1992 and 2004. Each master plan was associated with a planned overall land use map. Individual land parcels in the map were assigned with a land classification of either urban (residential, commercial, industrial, public green land, and mixed–use land) or non–urban (farmland, forestland, and wetland) (Long, Gu, & Han, 2012). The maps guide the future urban development, and actual land uses should conform to the land classification plan. Since the beginning of the 1990s, the BMA has experienced an unprecedented increase in population growth and urban development. By the year 2003, Beijing's population and urban built– up area had already surpassed the capacity set forth in the 1992 –2010 Master Plan, seven years ahead of the plan's scheduled expiration date. To address new challenges and plan for greater ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 44.
  • 45. Metropolitan Sprawl Methodology Design This research will answer to the preceding research questions in five steps: Step one: I will refine and update the Ewing et al. (2002) metropolitan sprawl indices to 2010This study will differ from the Ewing et al.'s 2002study in three respects. First, it will include additional metrics from various data sources such as Walk Score, NAVTEQ road data, Smart Location Databases and National Land Cover Database in order to increase validity and captures more aspects of each four dimensions (development density, land use mix, activity centering and street accessibility). Second, for measuring the degree of centering, as the third dimension of sprawl, this study will seek to identify the location of central business districts ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... A metropolitan area is a region that consists of a densely populated urban core and its less– populated surrounding areas that are economically and socially linked to it. The criteria of defining metropolitan areas changed in 2003. Smaller MSAs remained the same, but larger metropolitan areas, previously referred to as consolidated metropolitan statistical areas (CMSAs) are now defined as MSAs (see figure 1). Different portions of CMSAs, previously referred to as primary metropolitan statistical areas (PMSAs), have been redefined and reconfigured as metropolitan divisions. For example, the old New York CMSA consisted of eleven counties in two states and four PMSAs: New York PMSA, Nassau–Suffolk PMSA, Dutchess County PMSA and Newburgh, NY– PA PMSA (see figure 2). The current New York MSA consists of twenty–three counties in three states and four metropolitan divisions. Metropolitan divisions do not perfectly substitute for PMSAs, as they have different size thresholds (2.5 million vs. 1 million population), but they come as close to representing homogenous units as we can come with current census geography. Metropolitan divisions are designated for each of the eleven largest ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 46.
  • 47. Effect of Neoliberalism or the Shift to a Neoliberal... Effect of Neoliberalism, Or the Shift to a Neoliberal Philosophy on Cities Neoliberalism is a concept in social studies and economics. It occurs when control of economic factors shifts to the private sector from the public sector. Neoliberalism is driven by the desire to expand and intensify the market. This is achieved by increasing the frequency, number, and repeatability of transactions. The main aim of neoliberalism is the attainment of a nation where every market transaction is carried out in competition with other actions. These actions affect the other subsequent actions and occur in an infinitely short time. The key aspects in neoliberalism that affect cities are highlighted below. Rule of the market: The global scale market economy has been in existent for a long time. This has prompted neoliberals to search for new market areas. Both private and free enterprises are liberated from the government bonds regardless of the effect it has on society (Harvey, 1978). This will create greater openness to investment and international trade. There will also be zero price controls. In neoliberalism, a free market is not a free market if the shops are closed even before midnight. A 24– hour economy is what will result in ultimate satisfaction. Property emphasis has been replaced by an emphasis on contract (Harvey, 1978). An unregulated market is the solution to increased economic growth. The benefits are equally shared in the society. Mobility does not signify economic growth. ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 48.
  • 49. Industrial Areas From Centralization And Neoliberal... With the start of globalization and international expansion cities became a more significant part for various industry sectors. By 2000, more than 500 cities had more than one million inhabitants. According to the United Nations, 54% of the world's population currently live in urban areas. Urbanization combined with the overall growth of the world's population could add another 2.5 billion people to urban populations by 2050, with close to 90 percent of the increase concentrated in Asia and Africa. This significant change of urbanization will lead to challenges in satisfying the needs for housing, infrastructure, transportation, energy supply and employment, as well as for basic services such as education and health care . This report will critically discuss three key elements in relation to urbanisation: political economy, economic growth in urban areas and urban sociology. With this discussion, I will argue that the shift in urban areas from centralization and neoliberal globalisation had effected society in different parts of the world differently. Since this essay is only looking at three main aspects, this is not a complete discussion of the matter, but it is intended to provide an insight in the main aspects of economic development in urban areas. POLITICAL URBAN DEVELOPMENT The study of urban politics is the study what occurs on the ground, among people who share the same space for day–to–day living. This makes the study of urban politics particularly challenging ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 50.
  • 51. The Importance Of Strategic Quality Management And... QUALITY MANGMENT IN HEALTH DEVISION AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Research for Senior Managers Haleema Sadia ATHE ID : 9740 Finance and Technology Institute of London(FATIL) FIN/000273 Postgraduate Diploma in Strategic Management (Level7) [May, 2015] A STUDY OF QUALITY MANGMENT IN HEALTH DEVISION AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Incase of Pakistan and India (How Administrations of both States can utilize strategic tools for Economic Development) Abstract: Purpose– the real intention of this research is to explore and identify the dilemmas, factors and issues in south East Asian countries (Pakistan and India), which affect their population's overall health and cause real obstacles to economic development. This research will also focus on existence of strategic planning tools like quality management in state's economic policy. Another focus of this paper is to emphasize on how Administration/Government can utilize their human capital to enhance their available natural sources. This study will explore that Strategic Quality management's contribution towards economic expansion, which provide analytical outlook of their internal capabilities and external prospects. This research will also spotlight on economical, political and socio cultural issues, which are making distraction and building a gap between path of success and sustainable growth. Design/methodology–this paper explains secondary resources like literature review, theories and some websites ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 52.
  • 53. Urbanization In Canada Salaho Ahmed Mawahib Yusuf HHS4U May, 25, 2016 Urbanization The city life often referred to as an experience like no other. The big change an individual makes when moving from a rural area to the city affects all aspect of a person life. This movement is called urbanization; "is a population shift from rural to urban areas, "the gradual increase in the proportion of people living in urban areas", and the ways in which each society adapts to the change. Urbanization is predominantly the process by which towns and cities form and become larger. It usually occurs when a country is still developing or the better services available in the city. The rate of urbanization in Canada is 1.12% ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... What is urbanization? Urbanization is the increase of population in an urban area. It is as much as a social process as it is an economic and territorial process. There are a few major cause of urbanization which include the industrial revolution, immigration, push and pull factor. Industrialization is the increase and development of a society or country that transforms its self s itself from a primarily agricultural society into one based on the industrialized of goods and services. The increasing number of factories created has a powerful need for labor, compelling people in rural areas to move to the city, and drawing immigrants from around the world to come to Canada for employment. As a result, Canada has transformed from a rural to an urban nation, and the demographics of the country shifted dramatically. Subsequent industrial development the process of urban¬ization is accelerating at much more rapidly rate. Urbanization brings about social and cultural changes in community life, which also correspond to modernization. The loss of community life and traditional large–sized joint families on one hand and growing individualism, and smaller sizes of house¬holds and development of independent personalities in a diverse community on the other, are the commonly observed characteristics of urban as well as modern way of ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 54.
  • 55. Chapter 9-Review Questions Erin Allbritton BIO103 4/5/17 Professor Van Brekulen Chapter 9–Review Questions 1. What is urbanization? Which countries are the most urbanized? The least urbanized? What is the urbanization trend today in largely rural nations? Urbanization is a process in which people increasingly move from rural areas to densely populated cities. 2. What is an urban agglomeration? Give an example. An urban agglomeration is a urbanized core region that consists of several adjacent cities or megacities and their surrounding developed suburbs. Las Vegas, Nevada is an example of an urban agglomeration. 3. What are some of the problems brought on by rapid urbanization? 4. How can a city system be analyzed from an ecosystem ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 56.
  • 57. Poverty And Poverty In Ethiopia The Ethiopia's economy is predominantly based on agriculture which accounts for 41% of GDP as per 2010/11. About 29.6 percent of the population (as per 2010/2011) lives under the poverty line which is the minimum level of income or expenditure deemed necessary to achieve minimum requirements of life. Poverty in Ethiopia is more pronounced in rural areas as compared to the urban areas ( http://www.eiiff.com/economy/ethiopia/poverty.html accessed on 3 December 2017). 30.4 percent of the population in rural areas is poor whereas in urban areas it is 25.7 percent (MoFED, 2012). Ethiopia's urban population has more than doubled in the past 20 years, from 7.3 million in 1994 to an estimated 16.7 million in 2014. The rates of population growth between the census periods of 1984–94 and 1994– 2007 were 4.4 and 3.8 percent, respectively. Over the past 30 years, Ethiopia's annual urban population growth rate has been higher than the average in Sub–Saharan Africa (which itself is among the fastest urbanizing regions in the world). While Addis Ababa remains the largest urban area, other cities and towns have also grown rapidly (Ethiopia urbanization report, 2013). The average household size is 4.7 persons, which is slightly slower than the average of 4.8 persons per household reported in 2000. Urban households have fewer members than rural households (https://www.unicef.org/ethiopia/ET accessed on 30 November 2017) In urban areas, the average household size is 3.6 persons, compared ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 58.
  • 59. How The Rainfall Discharge Is An Urban Environment? Essay Introduction Rivers and streams are supplied with water that runs of the landscape surface and flows into the them, this area of land where this occurs is called a catchment (Holden, 2012).There are many issues that are related to urban hydrology and catchments, however, the most problematic and frequent one is flooding. Flooding occurs when high amounts of rainfall fall in the urban area and accumulates on the surfaces, due to the high development in urban areas. This is because most surfaces in urban areas are concreted, developed or highly congested with buildings, which results in the rainfall not being able to infiltrate into the soil due to these surfaces being impermeable (Davie, 2002). Therefore, the rainfall becomes runoff and makes its way into river systems which can cause rivers and streams to rise rapidly, resulting in localised flooding in urban areas. The aim of this experiment was to understand how the rainfall discharge in an urban environment will differ to a rural environment. Interpretations were able to be made from completing this experiment as to how and why the rainfall discharge differs between the two environments and what affects it could potentially have on the area of concern. The aim was achieved by simulating the two different catchment types and simulating rainfall to produce discharge results. A hydrograph was also produced from the results to allow analysis and interpretation of the results which was used to compare the two environments. It ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 60.
  • 61. Urban Decline With Middle Class In addition, McDonald (1986) expressed the beginning notion of gentrification that indicated the urban decline with middle class individuals abruptly and surprisingly moving into neighborhood where crime rates were tremendously high. In the study, time– arrangement information from fourteen gentrified neighborhoods in Boston, New York, San Francisco, Seattle, and Washington, D.C., were broke down to figure out whether gentrification had an impact on wrongdoing rates in focal city neighborhoods. The areas took after each other in natural or locational amenities, pulled in young middle– class professionals with nonfamily living arrangements, and encountered a quick valuation for property estimations. Extra components advanced a unique character to every area. Inquiry of crime gentrification prompts some inevitable lessening in individual crime rates however that it has not may be just temporary in gentrified neighborhoods. Crime may go about as an issue system to discourage neighborhood security bringing about gentrification (McDonald, 1986). Lawrence (2013) promotes a theory that expresses the relationship between gentrification and violent crime rates, specifically in Washington, DC. Gentrification is a social marvel that includes center and privileged residents moving into the city area where vehement crime had at one time went about as an issue for keeping undesirable demographics out. An increment in requesting for housing by the higher salary inhabitants drives up the ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 62.
  • 63. Mystic River Analysis Mystic River is an important film that portrays the turnover of events I an urban life. Murders occur anywhere and anytime with close friends and relatives being some of the major suspects. The situation may get out of hand when the affected family members decide to take law into their own hands by engaging into vengeful acts. This paper will delve on reviewing Mystic River and determine how it can be related to the urban planning. The urban vetting has limited space as children are seen playing some of their games on the same streets where the vehicles are supposed to use. The three boys are able to come across wet concrete walls and decide to write their names on them before one of them is kidnapped by one of them. The scenario portrays a very serious challenge experienced in most urban areas where people remain crowded together due to scarcity of land. This eventually, leads to limited mobility. Children are seen playing in dangerous and risky areas such as on roadsides where they can be easily hit by speeding vehicles(Zhonget al., 7). Therefore, it is imperative devising appropriate mechanisms that can help address the overcrowding challenge in order to overcome the limited mobility menace. It is remains a serious issue that needs to be addressed as it aids in eliminating many vices among them children abduction. It is also evident that a number of the urban residents are related to each familial links. Therefore, they have a strong affiliation to each other ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 64.
  • 65. Employment And Wages Of Migrant Workers Employment and Wages There are an estimated 274 million rural migrant workers in China, making 36% of total working population and is divided into two categories i) short distance; and ii) long– distance.[footnoteRef:1] Short–distance migrant workers live near to their dwelling regions. The majority of rural migrant workers are employed in low–paid jobs in manufacturing, construction and services. In addition to low wages, migrant workers do not have a job security and work long hours. Long distance migrants work on average 25.3 days and 8.8 hours a day. In addition, even with the implementation of ?Labor Contract Law?, in 2014, only 38% of long–distance migrant workers had signed a formal employment contract with their employers and for short–distance migrant workers the number was even lower at 33%.[footnoteRef:2] This clearly portrays that the ?Labor laws? are in place, but they are not applied rigidly. [1: http://www.clb.org.hk/en/content/migrant–workers– and–their–children ] [2: Ibid] Social Security and Healthcare The trouble is not just restricted to low wages or exceeding working hours, number of migrant workers, enjoying any form of pension or social security remain low as compared to the national norm. The annual study of migrant workers in 2014 found that just 16.4% of long–distance migrant workers received a pension program and 18.2% had medical insurances. Education Although the ?Compulsory Education Law? states that all children are entitled to schooling ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 66.
  • 67. A Brief Note On Rural And Semi Urban Urban people are more conscious about guaranteed return, semi urban have less confidence on transparency and money back in time. 3. Do you have any Insurance? 150 100 50 0 urban semi–urban no yes 4. Which type of insurance you have taken 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 semi–urban urban semi–urban private your occupation urban semi–urban urban government business term life insurance saving or investment retired plan child insurance income insurance Whether urban or semi–urban, normal term insurance is taken in majority by both government and private employees. Government employees are more interested in Investment and Retired plan in compare of Private employees. Private employees are keen to income insurance. 5. Name of company of which you have taken insurance 24 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Series1 Series2 This is combined of both urban and semi urban respondents. 6. How do you know about your current policy? 45 40 35 30 25 20
  • 68. 15 10 5 0 urban semi–urban In urban market Internet plays most important role to make awareness of product otherwise in semi– urban areas, word of mouth and references of relative and friends is most salient. Even it has been seen that in semi urban areas people purchase insurance because of pressure from relatives and their seniors in job. 7. Have you heard about IDBI Federal life Insurance? 25 80 70 60 50 yes 40 30 20 10 0 urban semi–urban no can 't say 75 out of 100 urban respondents and 57 out of 100 semi–urban respondents have ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 69.
  • 70. United Nations Human Settlements Programme At present, in excess of half of the world's population is situated in urban environments (United Nations 2004, Fuller 2007). Staggeringly, by 2030, the urban population is projected to reach 4.9 billion, while the rural population is expected to decrease in size by 28 million (UNFPA 2007). It is argued that the sustained growth in urban areas has been propelled by the increase in size and prevalence of urban squatter settlements. The United Nations Human Settlements Programme (2003a) reports that 78% of the urban population in the lowest income countries resides in squatter settlements (2003a). Simmel (1903) and Wirth (1938) emphasised the oppressive nature of cities, derived from densely populated, diverse and swelling metropolitan cities. In turn, this creates psychological suffering, helping to explain why the incidence of psychiatric illnesses are higher in urban areas (Lehrer 2009). While this is still true of many urban areas, predominantly in the global north; what these theorists fail to recognise is the diverse nature of cities south of the Brandt line, and how the standard of living and psychological health of its inhabitants is detrimentally impacted. This essay will explore, early theorist's analyses of health in cities, followed by how their perspectives are still relevant in the 21st century mostly in developed countries. Subsequently, the essay will critique the stance of early urban theorists, suggesting how their analyses may no longer be relevant in the ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 71.
  • 72. Facts About Land Use / Land Cover 4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Knowing about land use/land cover has become important to overcome the problem of biogeochemical cycles, loss of productive ecosystems, biodiversity, deterioration of environmental quality, loss of agricultural lands, destruction of wetlands, and loss of fish and wildlife habitat. The main reason behind the LU/LC changes includes rapid population growth, rural–to–urban migration, reclassification of rural areas as urban areas, lack of valuation of ecological services, poverty, ignorance of biophysical limitations, and use of ecologically incompatible technologies. Due to involvement of multiple data sets, latest technologies like remote sensing and GIS used to quantify LU/LC. On the basis of interpretation of remote sensing imagery, field surveys, and existing study area conditions, the study area classified into five categories, that is, Urban, Agriculture, Shrub land, Barren land, and Hilly area. The study area covers 134.464 km2 and LU/LC changes were estimated from 1984 to 2015. 4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS The data obtained through the analysis of multi–temporal satellite imageries are registered in Table 2 and the results are diagrammatically illustrated in Figs. 2. Fig. 2 depicts land use/cover status of four study periods i.e., 1984, 1994, 2007 & 2015; Fig. 3 depicts Urban change & Agricultural area changes from 1984–1994, 1994–2007 & 2007–2015. A brief account of these results is discussed in the following paragraphs. 4.1. LAND USE/COVER ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 73.
  • 74. Conceptual Framework And Literature Review CHAPTER TWO CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK AND LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Literature Review The aim of this literature review is to examine the complexities of the theoretical discussion on the concepts and empirical research works on urban development, peripheral development and metropolitan expansion in order to find a theoretical place within the broader concept of urban growth effect on infrastructural development of peripheral settlements. In an attempt to strike a balance between the growth of cities and the attendant effects on the infrastructural facilities of peripheral settlements, a reconciliation of various growth concepts of urban development need to be forged, the relationship of these concepts was brought to the fore with the literature review of the studies of urban physical growth showing that urbanisation and city growth have received much attention in the literature on urban studies (Ayogu 2003) but not many have had any of those study showing the economic, social, and environmental effects of infrastructural facilities development on the peripheral settlements. The literature review consists basically a thorough desk based research of available materials linked to the subject in libraries and on the Internet. The more recent literature is examined basically from the 1990s for the development of the theoretical and conceptual discussions. Major scientific journals concerning urban expansion and growth, peripheral development, metropolitan development and ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 75.
  • 76. Book Review: Good City Form By Kevin Lynch Himanshu Suthar Pratyush Shankar History and theory of urban design 11 February 2015 Book Review Book name: 'Good city form' Author: Kevin lynch Edition: 1981 edition Publisher: The MIT press, Cambridge, Massachusetts and London, England Kevin lynch's book 'Good city form' gives us the answer of the question that what are the factors and aspects which makes good city and how to achieve it as cities are too complicated objects, they are far beyond the control, and they also affect the too many people with too many cultural variations. The book provides knowledge of various urban theories through comprehensive discussions. In this book Lynch defines that performance of the city can be measured by reference to its spatial form. But the quality of a place is depends upon combined effect of place and the society which occupies that place. Here Lynch sets up new dimensions for performance in his own criteria. Author also expresses his approach on size of the city, conservation and growth, planning practices and utopian models. The dimensions which are demonstrated in this book may not be fully perfect but of course they combine all social values as well as physical values. Lynch believed that these described dimensions must cover all features of all forms of the settlements and all these dimensions should be usable where values are different. The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... As per the authors definition of what urban design should be he discusses three aspects of cities, control and process, activities of humans and also the physical form of the city. As a planner or urban designer one should pay attention to all these aspects which forms a better ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 77.
  • 78. Futuristic Neighborhood Research Paper Have you ever thought about the future? I have; I have thought about a futuristic neighborhood and what it would be like to build one. If I could build one, it would have so many exciting features that would be in it. I would have so many high–tech features that it would make the future everything we thought it would be. So, if I could design a futuristic neighborhood, it would include moving sidewalks, futuristic parks, and smart houses. To begin with, my futuristic neighborhood would have to have houses. The houses will look like a apartment in a way except they will not be. They will be smart houses and are going to be stacked up on one another and you will get everything you ask for. Before you buy the house, they will ask you what you want in it and then you buy the house with everything in it. Let's say you want a hot tub; you get a hot tub, an indoor trampoline park, or anything you select. There will be a sound system and you can name it and it will hire people to clean and make repairs and much more. Like a huge balcony, and a skylight, and a 155 inch flat screen tv. Afterwards, I would get the neighborhood started on a moving sidewalk. The sidewalks would be made with a special conveyor belt that travels all through the town and city. In addition, the sidewalk would only ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... The reason is because I would want the important assets done first. The park would have extremely amazing features. If you do not, then where are you going to live or how will handicap people get around by their self they couldn't. That's why I would do the houses first and the conveyor belt. Anyways the park would have baseball, football, soccer, and tennis courts and fields. There will be a huge playground for the little kids and there will be concession stands and and stores that you can shop and get things then for a reward the kids can play for being good. The kids will hopefully be calm and content and have the time of their ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...