NOTES ON EFFECTIVE WRITTEN COMMUNICATIONS (REVISED) When tackling the cases (which should be submitted as an e-mail attachment not on Blackboard), please use the following guidelines: Format 1. Make sure your name is clearly indicated on your paper ... preferably on each page. I’m not psychic!! 2. Remember that anything you write is a “marketing” piece. 3. Use single space ... Times New Roman 12 ... this font looks more professional than Courier and other more exotic options. 4. Make extensive use of headings, and sub-headings. 5. Wherever possible, use bullets and short sentences ... try to avoid long paragraphs ... Don’t make the reader dig through the material to find out what you are trying to say. 6. If you use a series of bullets (5 or 6) add a paragraph at the end. Otherwise the reader is likely to ask: so what? Structure 7. Begin with an introduction/case analysis ... this allows you to put the case material in your own words. 8. Always state the question(s) as given ... and make sure you answer those question(s). Don’t paraphrase or use your own questions (i.e., one you think should have been assigned). 9. Focus on analyzing not merely commenting ... make sure you understand the difference!! 10. At the end of the analysis of each question, summarize your conclusion ... in order to provide a sense of closure. 11. If possible, make use of models ... it gives your paper credibility and demonstrates your understanding of the material. 12. At the end of the final question, provide a summarizing or concluding paragraph ... again providing a sense of overall closure. 13. References ... using these demonstrates your ability to think outside the box and also make use of the internet. 14. Attach copies of supporting materials (if possible). 15. Finally, review your submission from the perspective of the president of the company. Would he/she be impressed by the thoroughness, depth and creativity of your paper? If not ... you have a problem!! 16. Length per se is not critical. Runninghead: COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT PART A 1 Community Assessment Part A 4 Lisette Duque West Coast University Health Promotion and Disease Community Assessment Part A South Florida has one of the largest Hispanic population, according to the Department of Health there are 1, 765,623 Hispanic living in Dade county making up 66.6% of the county’s population. (Florida Health, 2015). One of the health risks in the Hispanic community is being overweight, 42.2% of the population is overweight. Different factors contribute to overweight; access to healthcare, less options for nutritious foods, poor diet environment, lack of exercise, and sedentary lifestyle. Being overweight has many negative health consequences and is linked to diseases including; hypertension, cardiovascular disease, stroke, sleep apnea, and diabetes types II, which Hispanics are at high risk for developing. “The prevalence of total diabetes (both diagnosed and undiag.

1. NOTES ON EFFECTIVE WRITTEN COMMUNICATIONS
(REVISED)
When tackling the cases (which should be submitted as an e-
mail attachment not on Blackboard), please use the following
guidelines:
Format
1. Make sure your name is clearly indicated on your paper ...
preferably on each page. I’m not psychic!!
2. Remember that anything you write is a “marketing” piece.
3. Use single space ... Times New Roman 12 ... this font
looks more professional than Courier and other more exotic
options.
4. Make extensive use of headings, and sub-headings.
5. Wherever possible, use bullets and short sentences ... try
to avoid long paragraphs ... Don’t make the reader dig through
the material to find out what you are trying to say.
6. If you use a series of bullets (5 or 6) add a paragraph at the
end. Otherwise the reader is likely to ask: so what?
Structure
7. Begin with an introduction/case analysis ... this allows you
to put the case material in your own words.
8. Always state the question(s) as given ... and make sure you
answer those question(s). Don’t paraphrase or use your own
questions (i.e., one you think should have been assigned).
9. Focus on analyzing not merely commenting ... make sure

2. you understand the difference!!
10. At the end of the analysis of each question, summarize
your conclusion ... in order to provide a sense of closure.
11. If possible, make use of models ... it gives your paper
credibility and demonstrates your understanding of the material.
12. At the end of the final question, provide a summarizing or
concluding paragraph ... again providing a sense of overall
closure.
13. References ... using these demonstrates your ability to
think outside the box and also make use of the internet.
14. Attach copies of supporting materials (if possible).
15. Finally, review your submission from the perspective of
the president of the company. Would he/she be impressed by
the thoroughness, depth and creativity of your paper? If not ...
you have a problem!!
16. Length per se is not critical.
Runninghead: COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT PART A 1
Community Assessment Part A 4
Lisette Duque
West Coast University
Health Promotion and Disease

3. Community Assessment Part A
South Florida has one of the largest Hispanic population,
according to the Department of Health there are 1, 765,623
Hispanic living in Dade county making up 66.6% of the
county’s population. (Florida Health, 2015). One of the health
risks in the Hispanic community is being overweight, 42.2% of
the population is overweight. Different factors contribute to
overweight; access to healthcare, less options for nutritious
foods, poor diet environment, lack of exercise, and sedentary
lifestyle. Being overweight has many negative health
consequences and is linked to diseases including; hypertension,
cardiovascular disease, stroke, sleep apnea, and diabetes types
II, which Hispanics are at high risk for developing. “The
prevalence of total diabetes (both diagnosed and undiagnosed)
among all Hispanic/Latino groups was roughly 16.9 percent for
both men and women, compared to 10.2 percent for non-
Hispanic whites”(Alexandria, V., 2014).
Using Gordon’s Health Pattern framework, the community‘s
nutrition can be assessed with the nutritional-metabolic pattern.
It shows characteristics of the family’s typical food and fluid
consumption and metabolism. The framework identifies data
relevant to the community consumption habits and assesses
different risk factors such as anorexia, bulimia, diabetes and
obesity. (Edelman,C., 2014). The Community well-being or
needs depends of the adequate dietary habits, food intake, and
supply of nutrients and a lot is influenced by their culture.
One of the resources that enables to complete a community
assessment is the Florida Health Department website. It
provides general public information. The reports show health

4. indicators where the minority population is adversely affected
and provide comparisons to a reference population.
A significant public health threat to Florida's Hispanic
community is unhealthy weight, and the Florida Health
Department has reports on weight status information for a
county and the state. Also, access and functional needs profile
that provides pertinent information on the community’s health
status like chronic diseases.
A concern is the community’s lack of physical activity. Lack of
daily exercise is detrimental to ones health and it is a cause of
overweight and chronic health conditions. To stay active, it is
recommend exercising a minimum of 30 minutes per day to
prevent unhealthy weight gain and diseases. Florida is a great
place for people to stay active, the warm weather allows for
outdoor activities all year long.
Some barriers to being physically active are lack of motivation,
unable to afford a gym membership, unsafe neighborhoods, and
lack of places to exercise. When I visited California, I saw
many fitness zone areas in parks that were free to the public; I
was surprise to see many people being active. Florida can
develop fitness zones in the Hispanic communities to enable
proactive lifestyle for the individuals of the community. I
believe more accessible public places for fitness will be ideal
for those who cannot afford a gym membership, and contribute
to motivating the community to get active.
In conclusion, many Hispanics are at risk for diabetes and other
chronic conditions, in particular the individuals who are over
weight and have a sedentary lifestyle. There are many benefits
to a healthy lifestyle, once a person becomes active and loses
weight, it will help with lower blood sugars, reduce chances of
having a heart disease, and stroke.
References
Florida Health (2015). Minority Health Profile. Retrieved from
http://www.flhealthcharts.com/ChartsReports/rdPage.aspx?rdRe
port=ChartsProfiles.MinorityHealthProfile-Hispanic

5. Alexandria, V. (2014). Diabetes Among Hispanic. Retrieved
form http://www.diabetes.org/newsroom/press-
releases/2014/diabetes-among-hispanics-all-are-not-equal.html
Edelman,C. (2014). Health Promotion Throughout the Life
Span, 8th Edition. [Bookshelf Online]. Retrieved
from https://vsaccess.vitalsource.com
114 Parr2 ' Planning
Magic Carpet Software
To: Rajiv Dutta, Research Manager
From: Amanda Schrenk, Vice President of Operations
Re: Software Design Decisions
Rajiv, we have a problem in our software design unit. Our di-
verse pool of extremely talented and skilled designers is, un-
doubtedly, one of our company's most impodant assets. How-
ever, l'm concerned that our designers' emotional attachment
to the software they've created overshadows other impodant
factors that should be considered in the decision whether to
proceed with the new product design. At this point, l'm not
sure how to approach this issue. The last thing I want to do is
stifle their creativity. But I'm afraid if we don't come up with an
action plan soon, the problem may get worse.
I need you to research the role of emotions in decision
making. What do the "experts" say? ls it even an issue that
we need to be concerned about? What's the best way to

6. deal with it? Please provide me with a one-page bulleted
list of the important points you find from your research.
And be sure to cite your sources in case I need to do some
follow-up.
This fictionalized company and message were created for educa-
tional purposes anly, and nat meant to reflect positively or
negatively on
management practices by any company that may share this
name.
GASE APPLICATION #,7
Big Brown Numbers
t's the world's largest package delivery company with the
instantly recognizable trucks.58 Every day, United Parcel
Service (UPS) transports more than l8 million packages
and documents throughout the United States and to more
than 220 countries and territories, including every address
in North America and Europe. (Total worldwide delivery
volume was 4.6 billion packages and documents in 2014.)
Delivering those packages efficiently and on time is what
UPS gets paid to do, and that takes a massive effort in help-
ing drivers to make decisions about the best routes to fbllow.
Efficiency and uniformity
have always been important to
UPS. The importance of work
rules, procedures, and analytic
tools are continually stressed
to drivers through training and
Consider that each UPS driver makes an average of 120
stops per day. The efficiency challenge is deciding the best

7. order to make all those stops (6,689,502,913,449,135 + 183
zeroes of possible alternatives)-taking into consideration
"variables such as special delivery times, road regulations,
and the existence of private roads that don't appear on a
map?"-5e Another description of the logistics decision chal-
lenge: There are more ways to deliver packages along an
average driver's route "than there are nanoseconds that Earth
has existed."oo Any way you look at it, that's a lot of alter-
natives. The human mind
can't even begin to figure
it out. But the ORION al-
gorithm, which has taken
10 years and an estimated
hundreds of millions of
UPS has been descrihed as
retraining. For instance, drivers are taught to hold their keys
on a pinky finger so they don't waste time fumbling in their
pockets for the keys. And for safety reasons, fhey're taught
no-lefi turns and no backing up. Now, however, the company
has been testing and rolling out a quantum leap in its long-
used business model of uniformity and efficiency. It goes
by the name ORION, which stands for On-Road Integrated
Optimization and Navigation. What it boils down to is helping
UPS drivers shave millions of miles off their delivery routes
using decision algorithms built by a team of mathematicians.
dollars to build, is the next best thing. IT experts have de-

8. scribed ORION as the largest investment in operations re-
search ever by any company.
So what does ORION do? Instead of searching for the
one best answer, ORION is designed to refine itself over
time, leading to a balance between an optimum result and
consistency to help drivers make the best possible decisions
about route delivery. And considering how many miles UPS
drivers travel every day, saving a dollar or two here and there
can add up quickly. When a driver "logs on" his delivery
ffi EFFICIENCY FREAI(
information acquisition device (DIAD) at the beginning of
his shift each workday, what comes up are two possible ways
to make the day's package deliveries: one that uses ORION
and one that uses the "old" method. The driver can choose
in the morning and come back to the same neighborhood
later in the day. But despite the challenges, the company is
CHAPTER 4 . Foundations of Decision Making 115
committed to ORION, saying that "a driver together with
ORION is better than each a1one."61
Discussion 0uestions
decisions? (Think of the steps in the decision-making process.)
4-17 How is UPS being a sustainable corporation?

9. to use either one but if oRIoN is not chosen, the driver is04-'14
Whyisefficiencyandsafetysoimportantt0Ups?
asked to explain the decision' The roll-out of oRIoN hasn't * 4-
t 5 wou ld you characterize a driver s route decisions as
structured
been without challenges. Some drivers have been reluctant - 0r
unstru6tured problems? programmed or nonprogrammed
to give up autonomy; others have had trouble understanding
declsions? Explain.
ORION's logic-why deliver a package in one neighborhood fi +-
f C How would 0Rl0N technology help drivers make better
CASE APPLIGATION #M
The Business of Baseball
aseball has long been called 'America's national pas-
time" (although according to a Harris Interactive sur-
vey, the NFL has been, hands down, the favorite sport
of Americans;.62 Now. the game of baseball can probably be
better described as America's number crunchers. Take. for
instance, Sandy Alderson, the general manager of the New
York Mets. He explained the team's decision to let batting
champion and free agent shortstop Jose Reyes go to the Miami
Marlins. "l'm happy with the
analysis we used and the strat-
egy we pursued." As he made
this announcement. three mem-
bers of his baseball operalions
staff stood by with their laptops
open and ready to provide any
needed data. A baseball writer

10. percentages were better indicators of a player's offensive po-
tential. The goal of all this number crunching? To make better
decisions. Team managers want to allocate their limited payroll
in the best way possible to help the team be a winner.
The move to more systematic data usage can also be seen
in college baseball. At this level, coaches have long used their
faces (touching their ears, noses, and chins continually and
constantly) to communicate pitch selection to the catcher.
Now, however, hundreds of
college teams at all levels
have abandoned these body
signals and are using a sys-
tem in which the coach yells
out a series of numbers. "The
catcher decodes the sequence
by looking at a chart tucked
Yh* GAI,IE *f Sasehail" ".
nir,mh*r cruncking, statistieal
analysis, and data"
has described the sport's move to data analysis this way,
"Don't overlook the increasing value of facts, figures, and
other data. . . and the people who interpret them."
As the fiLm Moneybal/ (based on an earlier book by the
same name) emphasized, statistics-the "right" statistics-are
crucial aspects of effective decision making in the spot of

11. baseball. The central premise of Moneyball was that the col-
lected wisdom ofbaseball insiders (players, managers, coaches,
scouts, and the front office) had pretty much been flawed almost
from the onset of the game. Commonly used statistics such as
were inadequate and poor gauges of potential. Rigorous sta-
tistical analysis showed that on-base percentages and slugging
into a wristband-the kind football quarterbacks have worn
since 1965-and then relays the information to the pitcher
the way he always has." Coaches say this approach is not only
faster and more effrcient, it's not decipherable by opponents
wanting to steal the signs. Since the method allows for many
combinations that can mean many different pitches, the same
number sequence won't be used for the rest of the game-and
maybe not even for the rest of the season.
Discussion 0uestions
0r unstructured problems? Explain. What type{s) of decision-
making condition would you consider this to be? Explain.
stolen bases' runs batted in' and batting averages rhat wereft+-r*
ln a general sense, what kinds of decisions are made in
typically used to evaluate players'abilities and performances -
baseball?wouldyoucharacterizethesedecisionsasstructured
114 Parr2 ' Planning

12. Magic Carpet Software
To: Rajiv Dutta, Research Manager
From: Amanda Schrenk, Vice President of Operations
Re: Software Design Decisions
Rajiv, we have a problem in our software design unit. Our di-
verse pool of extremely talented and skilled designers is, un-
doubtedly, one of our company's most impodant assets. How-
ever, l'm concerned that our designers' emotional attachment
to the software they've created overshadows other impodant
factors that should be considered in the decision whether to
proceed with the new product design. At this point, l'm not
sure how to approach this issue. The last thing I want to do is
stifle their creativity. But I'm afraid if we don't come up with an
action plan soon, the problem may get worse.
I need you to research the role of emotions in decision
making. What do the "experts" say? ls it even an issue that
we need to be concerned about? What's the best way to
deal with it? Please provide me with a one-page bulleted
list of the important points you find from your research.
And be sure to cite your sources in case I need to do some
follow-up.
This fictionalized company and message were created for educa-
tional purposes anly, and nat meant to reflect positively or
negatively on
management practices by any company that may share this
name.
GASE APPLICATION #,7
Big Brown Numbers

13. t's the world's largest package delivery company with the
instantly recognizable trucks.58 Every day, United Parcel
Service (UPS) transports more than l8 million packages
and documents throughout the United States and to more
than 220 countries and territories, including every address
in North America and Europe. (Total worldwide delivery
volume was 4.6 billion packages and documents in 2014.)
Delivering those packages efficiently and on time is what
UPS gets paid to do, and that takes a massive effort in help-
ing drivers to make decisions about the best routes to fbllow.
Efficiency and uniformity
have always been important to
UPS. The importance of work
rules, procedures, and analytic
tools are continually stressed
to drivers through training and
Consider that each UPS driver makes an average of 120
stops per day. The efficiency challenge is deciding the best
order to make all those stops (6,689,502,913,449,135 + 183
zeroes of possible alternatives)-taking into consideration
"variables such as special delivery times, road regulations,
and the existence of private roads that don't appear on a
map?"-5e Another description of the logistics decision chal-
lenge: There are more ways to deliver packages along an
average driver's route "than there are nanoseconds that Earth
has existed."oo Any way you look at it, that's a lot of alter-
natives. The human mind
can't even begin to figure
it out. But the ORION al-
gorithm, which has taken

14. 10 years and an estimated
hundreds of millions of
UPS has been descrihed as
retraining. For instance, drivers are taught to hold their keys
on a pinky finger so they don't waste time fumbling in their
pockets for the keys. And for safety reasons, fhey're taught
no-lefi turns and no backing up. Now, however, the company
has been testing and rolling out a quantum leap in its long-
used business model of uniformity and efficiency. It goes
by the name ORION, which stands for On-Road Integrated
Optimization and Navigation. What it boils down to is helping
UPS drivers shave millions of miles off their delivery routes
using decision algorithms built by a team of mathematicians.
dollars to build, is the next best thing. IT experts have de-
scribed ORION as the largest investment in operations re-
search ever by any company.
So what does ORION do? Instead of searching for the
one best answer, ORION is designed to refine itself over
time, leading to a balance between an optimum result and
consistency to help drivers make the best possible decisions
about route delivery. And considering how many miles UPS
drivers travel every day, saving a dollar or two here and there
can add up quickly. When a driver "logs on" his delivery
ffi EFFICIENCY FREAI(

15. information acquisition device (DIAD) at the beginning of
his shift each workday, what comes up are two possible ways
to make the day's package deliveries: one that uses ORION
and one that uses the "old" method. The driver can choose
in the morning and come back to the same neighborhood
later in the day. But despite the challenges, the company is
CHAPTER 4 . Foundations of Decision Making 115
committed to ORION, saying that "a driver together with
ORION is better than each a1one."61
Discussion 0uestions
decisions? (Think of the steps in the decision-making process.)
4-17 How is UPS being a sustainable corporation?
to use either one but if oRIoN is not chosen, the driver is04-'14
Whyisefficiencyandsafetysoimportantt0Ups?
asked to explain the decision' The roll-out of oRIoN hasn't * 4-
t 5 wou ld you characterize a driver s route decisions as
structured
been without challenges. Some drivers have been reluctant - 0r
unstru6tured problems? programmed or nonprogrammed
to give up autonomy; others have had trouble understanding
declsions? Explain.
ORION's logic-why deliver a package in one neighborhood fi +-
f C How would 0Rl0N technology help drivers make better
CASE APPLIGATION #M
The Business of Baseball

16. aseball has long been called 'America's national pas-
time" (although according to a Harris Interactive sur-
vey, the NFL has been, hands down, the favorite sport
of Americans;.62 Now. the game of baseball can probably be
better described as America's number crunchers. Take. for
instance, Sandy Alderson, the general manager of the New
York Mets. He explained the team's decision to let batting
champion and free agent shortstop Jose Reyes go to the Miami
Marlins. "l'm happy with the
analysis we used and the strat-
egy we pursued." As he made
this announcement. three mem-
bers of his baseball operalions
staff stood by with their laptops
open and ready to provide any
needed data. A baseball writer
percentages were better indicators of a player's offensive po-
tential. The goal of all this number crunching? To make better
decisions. Team managers want to allocate their limited payroll
in the best way possible to help the team be a winner.
The move to more systematic data usage can also be seen
in college baseball. At this level, coaches have long used their
faces (touching their ears, noses, and chins continually and
constantly) to communicate pitch selection to the catcher.
Now, however, hundreds of
college teams at all levels
have abandoned these body

17. signals and are using a sys-
tem in which the coach yells
out a series of numbers. "The
catcher decodes the sequence
by looking at a chart tucked
Yh* GAI,IE *f Sasehail" ".
nir,mh*r cruncking, statistieal
analysis, and data"
has described the sport's move to data analysis this way,
"Don't overlook the increasing value of facts, figures, and
other data. . . and the people who interpret them."
As the fiLm Moneybal/ (based on an earlier book by the
same name) emphasized, statistics-the "right" statistics-are
crucial aspects of effective decision making in the spot of
baseball. The central premise of Moneyball was that the col-
lected wisdom ofbaseball insiders (players, managers, coaches,
scouts, and the front office) had pretty much been flawed almost
from the onset of the game. Commonly used statistics such as
were inadequate and poor gauges of potential. Rigorous sta-
tistical analysis showed that on-base percentages and slugging
into a wristband-the kind football quarterbacks have worn
since 1965-and then relays the information to the pitcher
the way he always has." Coaches say this approach is not only
faster and more effrcient, it's not decipherable by opponents

18. wanting to steal the signs. Since the method allows for many
combinations that can mean many different pitches, the same
number sequence won't be used for the rest of the game-and
maybe not even for the rest of the season.
Discussion 0uestions
0r unstructured problems? Explain. What type{s) of decision-
making condition would you consider this to be? Explain.
stolen bases' runs batted in' and batting averages rhat wereft+-r*
ln a general sense, what kinds of decisions are made in
typically used to evaluate players'abilities and performances -
baseball?wouldyoucharacterizethesedecisionsasstructured