MOSQUE/ Mosque Typology/ Common features/ History of Islam in Kerala/ Traditional Mosque in Kerala/ Cheraman Juma Masjid and Architectural Features/ Palayam Palli/ Vavar Masjid

1. MOSQUE

2. PRESENTED BY:
 ANJALI
 ANUSREE
 AYANA
 CHANDANA
 CONFIN
 IRFAN
 LIA
 MALAVIKA
 RAHUL
 RASYA
 RYAN
 SHANEL
 VARUN

3. MOSQUE TYPOLOGY
• Iran and cental Asia : the Bi axial four iwan
type.
• Anatolia: use of massive central dome,
• The indian subcontinent: triple dome and
an extensive courtyard.
• Spain,North Afriaca :the hypostyle hall and
open courtyard.
• South east asia : the central pyramidal roof
construction.
• China :detached pavillion within a walled
garden enclosure.

4. MOSQUE TYPOLOGY

5. COMMON FEATURES
MIHRAB: semi-circular niche in the wall
of a mosque that indicates the qibla .
MINARET: visual focal point. i.e., a tower
adjacent or attached to a mosque and are used
for the call to prayer.
SAHN: a courtyard combine with
ablution area.

6. DOME: focal point and covering the
main prayer hall.
MASHRBIYA: projecting window enclosed with
carved wood lattice work.
MIHRAB: semi-circular niche in the wall of a
mosque that indicates the qibla .

7. DIKKA: a place of delivering the
royal message
MUQUARNAS: stalactite vault, Persian
architectural ornament
MIMBAR: a pupit where imam
deliver khutbah.

8.  ARCH: structure that spans a space
while supporting weight.
 ABLUTION AREA: a space for ablutions is set
aside in a restroom or washroom. Or else,
there is a fountain-like structure along a wall or
in a courtyard. Running water is available,
often with small stools or seats to make it
easier to sit down to wash the feet.
 PRAYING AREA HALL: the main area
to perform congregational pray.

9. Features of Mosque

10. Floor plan of a Mosque

11. A top view plan showing the Source-Reciever path

12. HISTORY OF ISLAM
IN KERALA
there had been considerable trade relations
between West Asia and Kerala even before the
time of prophet Muhammad (c.570-632AD)
a number of foreign accounts have mentioned
about the presence of considerable Muslim
population in the kerala coastal towns.
Muslim tomb stones with ancient dates ,short
inscriptions in medieval mosques, and rare
Arab coin collections are the remaining sources
of early Muslim presence on the Malabar coast.

13. • As per local legand ,the Cheraman Jum’ah
masjid at Cranganore in Central Kerala was
the very first mosque in India .
• According to the same tradition,the last ruler
(the Cheraman Perumal) of a unified Kerala
abdicated his throne, divided his kingdom,
converted to islam and travelled to visit
Prophet Muhammed and the subsequent
chain of events helped the spread of islam in
kerala .

14. TRADITIONAL MOSQUES
IN KERALA
• The traditional mosques in kerala are
different from those in the imperial and
provincial indo-islamic style throughout
the sub-continent.
• Religious architecture in kerala emerged
from domestic traditions .
• In the traditional dwellings like nalukettu
,the concern of torrential rain and the
need for ventilation found expression in
remarkable roof and wall elements
,executed in abundantly available timber.

15. • In kerala ,the temples ,churhes and
mosques take from an architecture
evolved from local climate ,materials
cultures and traditions of craft.
• Local artisans well versed with the craft
constructed mosques under instructions
of Muslim religious heads .
• Their requirements were functional and
simple

16. • the traditional mosque in the malabar
comprises of rectangular prayer hall with a
mihrab on the western wall and enclosed
verandas on the sides that serve as spill over
space
• A front veranda facing the street becomes
the transition space that often leads to a
front hall preceding the main prayer hall .
• An ablution tank is accommodated on one
side .
• The entire structure is raised on a tall plinth
,similar to the adhisthana of temple .

17. • The walls are made of laterite blocks and
then lime plastered.
• The tiled roof has elaborately carved gables .
• The structural system for the halls is of
timber posts, beams and brackets.
• Often the columns are square or octgonal as
in madapa pillers
• Most of the notable mosques on the
malabar coasts are in Kozhikode,
Mallapuram ,Thalassery and Kochi
• Built about three to six centuries ago.

18. CHERAMEN JUMA MASJID
• The Cheraman Juma Masjid is a mosque
in Methala ,Kodungallor Taluk ,Thrissur
district.
• A legand claims that it was built in
629AD ,which makes it the first mosque
in India and the oldest mosque in the
Indian subcontinent .
• It was built by Malik Deenar ,Persian Ex-
slave and a companion of Muhammad
,on the orders of Cheraman perumal
,the Chera king of modern day kerala .

19. • It is believed that this mosque was
first renovated and reconstructed in
the 11th century AD.
• Many non Muslims conducted
initiation ceremonies to the world of
letters of their children here.

20. The model of the Cheraman juma
masjid

21. ARCHITECTURAL FEATURES
• The mosque is built in the traditional
hindhu architectural style using brass
oil lamps .
• The rose pulpit ,from where the imam
recites the Friday jumu’ah , is covered
with carvings .
• A block of white marble in the
mosque is believed to have been
brought from Mekkah .

22. • Renovated cheraman juma
masjid

23. NEW MOSQUE AND RENOATIONS OF
OLD MOSUE
• In recent times a number of old
mosque were replaced or
reconstructed .
• With modern materials like RCC
, brick and glass.
• The architectural feature of
these mosque has no
resemblance with the
traditional one nor is there an
attempt to create an
alternative modern asthetic
expressions .

24. PALAYAM PALLI
• The mosque is the key example of
changing attitude towards
traditional forms of mosque
building in post –indipendent
kerala
• This 17th century mosque was
renovated with stage patronage.
• The indo-sarscenic is a 19th century
form of traditional architecture

25. PALAYAM PALLI

26. VAVAR MASHJID
• The architectural expression aspiers
for a blend of mughal palaces and
rajput haveli elements
• Now its traditional form is altered
with concrete replacing its timber
character.
• The newly constructed mosque is
well known “the taj ,mahal of keral”

28. THANK YOU