Energy Efficiency Studies and Challenges in Maintenance of Assets

1. Energy Efficiency Studies and Challenges in Maintenance
of Assets
by
Ir Muhammad Guntor Mansor Tobeng
Ghazali Talib

2. Introduction
• In December 2008, under the Electricity Supply Act 1990,
government of Malaysia has endorsed the Efficient
Management of Electrical Energy Regulations 2008.
• Any installation which receives total electrical energy
consumption equal to or exceeding 3,000,000 kWh or more
over any period not exceeding 6 consecutive months are
obligated to assign/designate a registered electrical energy
manager
• Government directions to reduce 10 % of energy consumption
in Govt. building started in 2008
• What approach? Asset Management? Energy Management?

3. Energy Audit
• Energy audit is a tool to identify energy saving
potential in industrial or commercial facilities. It is an
important key activity for energy efficiency
improvement of the plant/building
• It helps the owner to quantify the energy cost saving
and loss,
• Gauge its plant/building energy performance
• Provide a basic strategy of energy improvement
programmes

4. Sustainable Energy Strategy: tackling the energy
efficiency barriers systematically
Principles for developing a SUSTAINABLE ENERGY STRATEGY

5. Four key steps in implementing the energy
audit
• Development of
Terms of
references
•Objectives of
audit/study
•Kick-off Meeting
• Local Field Study
•Desk-top data
collection
•Field Data collection
•Data analysis
•Energy saving
Measures
•Final Report of
Audit/Study
•RE & EE Roadmap
• Gap Analysis
•Implementation of
the saving initiatives
•Financial Support
•Monitoring &
Verification
Gap Analysis,
Plan &
Implementati
on
Report
Conduct
Audit/Study
Planning &
Preparation
ACTIVITIES
PROCESS
STEP
2
1 3 4

6. Resources for energy audits
Auditors
Measuring
Instruments
Analysis Tools
Computers & Software
Energy records
-consumption
-utilisation process map
In-house Energy auditors
Or external consultants
Permanent and portable
Budget and time

7. 03/12/2023 7
The objective of energy audit is
to identify and to evaluate
energy conservation and cost saving
opportunities among “energy using”
systems
Objective of the Energy Audit

8. 03/12/2023 8
Set of portable electronic metering and test equipment
 Multi-power meter
 Power analyzer
 strobo-tachometer
Motors & drives
 Illuminance meter
Illumination
 Air velocity meter
 air leakage indicator
 pressure meter
Air Flow, compressed air
Combustion Systems
boilers & kilns
 TDS meter
 true-spot smoke meter
 combustion analyzer
 Pressure meter
 Thermometer
 infrared pyrometer
 Infrared camera
 Humidity/temp. meter
Temperature and Humidity
Steam distribution systems  Ultrasonic steam trap tester
 Ultrasonic flow meter
Auxiliary equipment
 Multi-channel data logger
 Digital camera
 Note book computer

9. 03/12/2023 9
Energy use records (examples)
Co-operation with in-house staff is indispensable
for auditing and even more important during implementation
Monthly invoices for purchase of energy
Log-books with daily (per hour), weekly monthly records
List of the main electricity consumers - which are critical consumers
Production and consumption figures of the main consumers
Records of daily characteristics for electricity consumption

10. Energy study focuses on both active
and passive areas
• The audit exercise covers the whole area of the
premise.
• Field data measurement using the energy audit
equipment to gauge the performance of the facility.
• The measurement will focus on the major electrical
facilities, such as:
– General electrical system
– HVAC system
– Lighting system
– Electric motors, Fans, Pumps
– BAS Systems
– Building Material

12. Findings from the energy audits in
Government buildings
• Absent of effective energy management system
– No energy policy, objective and target
– Energy management team was not established
• Lack of awareness, information dissemination, training
• No systematic monitoring and targeting although equipped
with BAS system
• Less active energy improvement investment (low, high cost),
focused on no cost measures
• Has adequate operation and maintenance schedule however
less priority on energy efficiency

13. Challenges faced to be energy efficient
building
a. Air conditioning systems in building
- effects of floor partitioning to create rooms
- quality of maintenance of system
- seepage/opening problems
- 24°C temperature variation issue
b. Lifts and escalators operations
c. Lightings
- according to Malaysian standards
- actual lightings in buildings
d. Pumps
- pumps sizing
- operation hours

14. Challenges faced to be energy efficient
building – building occupants
a. Dilemma of facility management: customer satisfaction or
energy efficiency?
– 24 oC building room temperature vs comfort level
b. Lifts and escalators operations
– Demand of High speed lift vs low speed lift
c. Lightings
– Over-lit
- according to Malaysian standards vs work quality
- operation hours vs staff overtime
d. Pumps, motors
– High efficiency vs standard motor, is the investment permitted
– FM contract limits the investment, EPC?

15. Are the pumps/motors correctly sized?

16. Poor
maintenance /
malfunctioning
of temperature
meter

17. Seepage /
Window
left opened

18. Potential savings identified from MoH
• Reschedule all ACMV operation to official
working hours (7.30am to 17.30pm)
• Resetting and returning VAV box to better
control space temperature at 24deg C +-1degc
• Switching off all the unnecessary lights
beyond office hour and switching off lights
during lunch time
• Lighting re-lamping : T8 type of fluorescent
lamp fitting to T-5 fitting

19. EE study improves BEI and reduces
building carbon footprints
Type of
energy
savings
measures
Annual Total
kWh Saving
Total Annual
Cost Saving
(RM)
CO2 Saving
(metric ton)
BEI
REDUCTION
(kWh/m2 yr)
–
overall blocks
No Cost
Measures
1,786,105
RM
472,291.598
2,693 34.29
With Cost
Measures
776,439
RM
268,360.632
466 14.91
GRAND
TOTAL
2,562,544
RM
740,625,230
6,319 49

20. Integrating energy efficiency in current
Government Buildings asset management
Asset Management
• Life Cycle Costing
• When is the appropriate
time to replace an asset?
– O&M costs
– Capital costs
• What are total costs of
running asset over time
– Includes energy costs
when appropriate
Energy Efficiency
– Costs of reducing energy
use
• Full cost of replacing an
asset with a more
efficient or “greener”
asset over time
• Can a case be made for
this replacement using life
cycle costing

21. Benefits of integrating both energy efficiency
and government asset management
• Similar approach and work for each effort
• Same types of personnel required
• Benefits in one can benefit the other
• Goals may overlap
• Greater sustainability
• Doing both together will result in reduction of time and
money rather than doing both separately
• One plan with both may be easier to manage
• Energy considerations may impact the asset decision-
making process

22. Energy Conservation Starts with US
Take Part. Take Action.
Use Energy Wisely.
THANK YOU