International cooking 17 South America

International Cooking: A
Culinary Journey, 2E
Chapter 17
South America

International Cooking: A Culinary Journey:, 2E
Patricia Heyman 2
© 2012, 2003 Pearson Education
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved.
Incans
History
 lived in area that is now Peru,
Ecuador, Bolivia, and Chile
 developed an advanced
civilization

Patricia Heyman 3
 bred plants to improve their crops
 adapted to withstand the climate
 developed new varieties of
vegetables
 developed an irrigation system
 terraced steep farmland
 figured out methods to air-dry, salt,
dehydrate, and freeze-dry foods

Patricia Heyman 4
Spanish Explorers
 arrived in early 1500s
 introduced pigs, cows, lamb,
chickens, goats, dairy products,
wheat, and almonds
 learned about corn, beans,
potatoes, tomatoes, chili peppers,
avocados, squash, sweet potatoes,
pineapples, chocolate, tobacco,
and vanilla

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Portuguese
 arrived in Brazil in 1533
 brought African slaves to work
sugar plantations
 slaves brought recipes from their
home
 planted foods from their home

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 with the exception of Bolivia and
Paraguay, all countries border an
ocean or sea
 Andes Mountains span 4,500 miles;
longest chain and second highest
group of mountains; runs parallel to
Pacific
Topography

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 Chile - Atacama Desert has no
recorded rainfall
 Amazon River is second longest
river
 largest rainforest is in Peru at
Amazon River
 Brazil - huge country, Amazon
River flows through it

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Before Spanish Arrival in 1500s
Cooking Methods
 Boiled and steamed
 broiled over an open fire
 stewed (braised)
 toasted in a dry pan

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In the 1500s, the Spanish
introduced butter. This
allowed frying.

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 Much isolation because of terrain
 Differences in the available foods
produced in each area
 Difficult sharing of foods and
recipes because of isolation
Regions

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 Peru and Ecuador
 west of Andes - arid, hot, desert-like
 east of Andes - tropical, hot, humid
 Chile
 north - desert with almost no rainfall
and nothing growing
 Center - fertile valleys of rich, sandy
soil, Mediterranean climate ideal for
growing grapes
 South - near Antarctica, cold
mountainous with thick forests and
lots of rainfall

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 Brazil
 covers much of eastern South
America
 borders every country except
Chile and Ecuador
 Uruguay and Argentina
 south
 pampas
 lots of cattle and crops

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Cuisine
 Indians
 Portugal
 Spain
Culinary Heritage

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Incans in the Andes Grew
 many types of potatoes
 identified over 4,000 varieties
 many varieties of corn
 quinoa (a type of grain)
 beans
 pumpkins
 squash

Patricia Heyman 15
Brazil
 rice
 coconut
 beans - black beans most popular
Chile
 fish and seafood
 beans
 beef
Argentina

International cooking 17 South America

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