QUIZ 2 Questions: 1. What are the primary advantages of diversity in the workforce?  Be specific with a summary of each one. 2. Explain the three (3) main reasons for conducting performance appraisals. 3. What are the key difference between BARS and the Graphic Rating Scale? 4. What is the difference between a right and a privilege? Give an example of the difference within an organization? 5. Provide a summary of the components of the Wagner Act/National Management Labor Relations ACT, the year it was passed and who it benefitted? 6. Provide a summary of the components of Taft-Hartley Act (Labor Management Relations Act), the year it was passed and who it benefitted? 7. What are the five (5) required steps to set up a representation election, such as an organization like a union? 8. What is the difference between a lockout and a strike? 9. What is the difference between defined benefits and defined contributions?  10. What are the four types of compensation along with a brief summary of each? Running Head: CANCER TREATMENT IN CHILDREN 1 CANCER TREATMENT IN CHILDREN 11 How to Treat Cancer in Children Name Institution Introduction. Cancer is an epidemic that is wiping out the world’s population at a very high rate; it is worrying to the society because cancer is now a problem that faces children most of the time. This is unlike in the previous years when cancer was associated with old age and older people. The number of children with these horrible disease has acutely risen (Situ, 2015).As (Evan,44) puts it cancer is a dangerous disease because of the fact that treatment of cancer only takes place when the patient takes precaution before getting worse. Doctors say that early detection of cancer helps the victims in dealing with the situation better unlike if it is detected at a later stage. According to Evan (44) Cancer is a dangerous disease owing to the fact that its treatment only occurs when the affected takes precaution before the situations worsens. It is for these same reasons that physician’s advice that one should conduct frequent health checkups to take care of any possibility of developing cancer. Children who are affected especially those below the age of fifteen are usually subjected to clinical trials. To illustrate further, the treatment takes place in phases, older and newer methods of treatment are compared to see which one gives better results. Through this analysis, great care needs to be observed to elude giving wrong treatment to the children. In addition due to the delicate nature of treating children it is advised that treatment should take place in a cancer center where the children will be monitored and taken care of well. To add on at the cancer center guardian and parents will be taught on how to best handle their children. Cancer treatment process has clinical and scientific methodologies. There ...

1. QUIZ 2 Questions:
1. What are the primary advantages of diversity in the
workforce? Be specific with a summary of each one.
2. Explain the three (3) main reasons for conducting
performance appraisals.
3. What are the key difference between BARS and the Graphic
Rating Scale?
4. What is the difference between a right and a privilege? Give
an example of the difference within an organization?
5. Provide a summary of the components of the Wagner
Act/National Management Labor Relations ACT, the year it was
passed and who it benefitted?
6. Provide a summary of the components of Taft-Hartley Act

2. (Labor Management Relations Act), the year it was passed and
who it benefitted?
7. What are the five (5) required steps to set up a representation
election, such as an organization like a union?
8. What is the difference between a lockout and a strike?
9. What is the difference between defined benefits and defined
contributions?
10. What are the four types of compensation along with a brief
summary of each?
Running Head: CANCER TREATMENT IN CHILDREN
1
CANCER TREATMENT IN CHILDREN
11
How to Treat Cancer in Children
Name

3. Institution
Introduction.
Cancer is an epidemic that is wiping out the world’s population
at a very high rate; it is worrying to the society because cancer
is now a problem that faces children most of the time. This is
unlike in the previous years when cancer was associated with
old age and older people. The number of children with these
horrible disease has acutely risen (Situ, 2015).As (Evan,44) puts
it cancer is a dangerous disease because of the fact that
treatment of cancer only takes place when the patient takes
precaution before getting worse. Doctors say that early
detection of cancer helps the victims in dealing with the
situation better unlike if it is detected at a later stage.
According to Evan (44) Cancer is a dangerous disease owing to
the fact that its treatment only occurs when the affected takes
precaution before the situations worsens. It is for these same
reasons that physician’s advice that one should conduct frequent
health checkups to take care of any possibility of developing
cancer. Children who are affected especially those below the
age of fifteen are usually subjected to clinical trials. To
illustrate further, the treatment takes place in phases, older and
newer methods of treatment are compared to see which one
gives better results. Through this analysis, great care needs to
be observed to elude giving wrong treatment to the children. In
addition due to the delicate nature of treating children it is
advised that treatment should take place in a cancer center
where the children will be monitored and taken care of well. To
add on at the cancer center guardian and parents will be taught
on how to best handle their children. Cancer treatment process
has clinical and scientific methodologies. There is need to
improve on the current methods of treating cancer or
alternatively find a cure or a vaccination for cancer. This is due
to the fact to the increasing number of children suffering from
the disease. Cancer patients go through a lot of pain that

4. weakens their immune system. (Godson, 2011). The cost of
treating cancer is burdening to both parents and guardians. In
this paper, we shall address all the problems associated with
cancer, the current methods of treatment ,trend of this treatment
methods, advancement made, gaps that need to be taken of and
all disputed information about cancer treatment and cancer in
children
Cancer Treatment Trends
Cancer in children is a new phenomenon that needs to be
addressed differently unlike the cancer cases in the previous
generations (O’Neil, 2011). Doctors recognize the fact that each
patient’s case is unique and needs to be approached differently.
There is no a universal treatment trend for cancer. Cancer
treatment is a continuous process and doctors or the physician
in charge of treating a particular patient needs to create a
rapport with that patient to avoid conflicts. Since children do
not understand and cannot make informed decision the
physician can start playing games with the child so that they get
used to each other and develop an element of trust (Jugendlishe,
2012). This however should be distinguished from instructions
while treating the child; the child should not dictate the
physician.
Nonetheless, the statistics are not so bad. According to O’Neil,
there is only one ill child per each six hundreds (2011). That
means that the chances to have a group of victims are rare, so
this disease is rather personal, and it is better to move to the
area where some necessary specialists or centers are situated.
Overall, it is necessary to follow the trends in both cancer
researches and reports of psychologists who deal with children
who are the victims. The patients need psychological support to
prevent the child from the misery and painful life. The task
number one is to make the child sure that life should continue

5. and it still may be bright.
Voids to be addressed.
After a cancer child patient has been properly examined. The
proper method of treatment needs to be established uniquely for
every patient. The treatment is usually on a balance of
probabilities due to the lack of a globally recognized method.
Once the establishment of the excellent way to commence the
treatment. The most common method of treatment is through
surgical operation.
The newly introduced cisplatinum chemotherapy gives a clear
way in which to determine the growth of germ cells. The
probability of controlling the spread of the germs into the other
areas of concern in the body is so much possible. This method is
also enough to make sure the tumors are stopped from growing
further. The various means of treating cancer have an
international recognition and they have been integrated to cater
for the needs of all the children under cancer (Iraruke,
2012).Children who have uncontrolled developing tumors
experience severe pain .The pain is habitually too much that the
normal functioning of the child’s body are greatly affected
(Evan, 2013).
Another popular methodology of cancer treatment and cure is
referred to as radiotherapy. in these method x-rays are usually
used to destroy the cells that have been infected by cancer. In
other words, a definite machine usually produces the cancer
cells are killed. The child will therefore have several sessions
under the machine before she is declared cancer free. There is
an advanced treatment to radiotherapy known as the proton
therapy which is used in pediatric theraphy.This treatment was
developed specially for children, it is however costly and has
fewer side effects on the child (MDAnderson, 2015).
On the other hand, the current treatment protocol incorporates
various factors such as age, history of the patient, site, and
stage of the infection in the body. It is for this same reason that

6. cancer treatment varies from one patient to another since they
have varying factors of treatment protocol.
Prognosis and Advances.
Statistics has indicated that the number of children
being diagnosed with cancer is on the rise An example is in
California, the number of children diagnosed with cancer
increases every year sending a warning to the parents to care for
their children before it is too late. Parents and guardians need to
observe all precaution to ensure that their children are not
affected. Precautions they can take are ensuring healthy living
and frequent health checkups to establish that their children are
okay. These precautions will help ensure that more children
survive the cancer menace (Bent, 2009).
In addition, evidence shows that the number of children who
survive is because of improved treatment methodologies, due to
the technology and modernization. Like the cancer affecting the
older persons, the cancer in children has elements bad strain of
cells, which are a sequence of cells that cause different
problems to the body (Bent, 2009). A child with cancer suffers
along with her family leading to a family crisis .In as such; the
child should enjoy academic, physical, emotional, and social
support from the people around them since their conditions
demands that way (Bent, 2009). In this instance, having to treat
the children in the best way possible is the only way of ensuring
that they remain calm and without stress, which worsen the
situation (Bent, 2009). Having a sibling with cancer affects the
family immensely as they try to find the means in which to take
care of their fellow child. Indeed Bent argues that a cancer case
requires that any person related to the victim should have
concerns on that person (Williamson, 2013). It is an essential
element that any cancer infected child ought to acquire from his
or her siblings. When dealing with a cancer victim, avoiding
terms and statements that may hurt is the best way to make them

7. succeed.
In case treatment fails, the child’s family has to get ready to
give the moral support to the child. The disease getting out of
control and proving hard to treat to the doctors and physicians
may occasion such cases. The child may be stressful and the
task of the siblings or parents is to express real feelings, show
their love. At special centers, such families may also find a
support and professional help. The child should be put in the
most comfort conditions, whether at home or in the hospital to
soften the pain (Cancer. Net, 2014).
The latest reports say, that improvement in the cancer treatment
helped to reduce the level of the deaths and prevent new cases.
Earlier hard-to-treat censers little by little become curable. The
diagnoses methods development also helps to detect cancer in
children earlier in makes things far worse. Investigation in
chemotherapy provided doctors with more effective drugs. New
methods were developed to improve life of children with cancer
(Kris, 2010).
Disputes
Cancer menace has a line of effects on the child’s life. These
effects are so devastating that they steal the child’s cheer and
charm. The observable impacts of cancer is that due to its
severe nature of causing stress to the child, the academic
performance of that child is majorly affected. Affecting a
child’s sense of worthiness, it may greatly affect how she thinks
of herself. Cancer also causes psychological deficiencies.
These effects are both long-term and short-term difficulties.
They may include fear of interacting with their peers and
colleagues both at school and at home (Cook, 2014). Research
on the effects of childhood cancer indicates that these children
may experience academic failures and career inferiority, which
ruins their lives in the future. All these effects result more cases

8. of depression amongst children that suffer from childhood
cancer. The effects demoralize the child’s future due to the fact
they will have to leave with the shameful ordeals occasioned by
the disease (Simone & Jane, 2009). Doctors and physicians
having difficulty in making sure that the children live a life
where all their needs are taken care of should consider giving
the responsibilities to a caretaker who is trained to handle such
people as the children with cancer. However, the idea of giving
the child to a caretaker is facing opposition from other sources.
According to (Jefferson, 2010) this period is usually the child’s
moment of need and the parents and guardians should be the
closet to the child. Having the child suffering physically,
emotional and mentally and letting such a child to go through
the pain with someone they don’t know is more humiliating and
painful. It should be noted the mere fact of parents and family
watching helplessly as the child go through pain is
haertbreaking.These experience therefore result to a lot of stress
for the parents,family,caregivers and other persons involved.
The pain is usually during treatment and counseling (Cook,
2014).
Taken, as a whole having a child with the cancer menace is the
worst situation. The cost is usually very high to sustain, all
these takes a lot of courage and responsibility. After the
treatment is also another difficult phase especially during
counseling. Victims are usually taught to develop a mentality to
think of themselves as cancer free. Overall, cancer is a
challenge for child and the family, and everybody has to be
strong to bear the situation for successful treatment.
Conclusion
There is light at the end of the tunnel for cancer patients
especially children. Because of the high number of children
diagnosed with cancer is increasing there is need for an urgent
measure to curb the ordeal.Recognising the fact that treatment
of cancer is challenging and needs to be approached with a

9. sober mind. The treatment process is also very challenging to
both the parents and the caregivers. They all may together go
through pain, stress, and have to be courageous enough to
continue living with the problem. Children diagnosed with
cancer need extra-ordinary hold and concern. Those who
surround them should be very strong individuals who will not
only care for them but also walk with them and encourage them
to have an optimistic future life. As mentioned earlier children
always seclude themselves from others and usually have low
self-esteem. This state of mind needs to be altered.
Doctors can combine the modern and traditional method of
treatment to help save our children from this menace. There are
however some treatments that can be used to help the victim
overcome the pain. Technology needs to be also used to create
and advance better treatment methods. Better treatment methods
are the only solution to moving the society forward to other
levels. In addition, doctors need to understand every patient
individually before subjecting him or her to any treatment. The
reason for choosing this topic is its impact on the society. All
problems that affect the family affect the whole society as well.
Offering solutions to these problems become the fundamental
reason to living. In fact, those who are already involved in the
process of treatment of victims must be ready for any situation
and problem. They have to be able to give their support and
feelings to the child and be up-to-date with the entire
information available, find out about trends in the research.
Cancer is a stress and pain, but everything seems to be much
easier if you are not alone.
References.
Bent, L. (2009). "Cancer Pain Relief and Palliative Care and
Children." Who 121.54: 186. Print.
Cook, J. (2014). "Why Talk to Kids about Cancer?" Cancer
Council 1. Print.

10. Evan, P. (2013). "Cancer in Children." American Cancer
Foundation 1: 1-58. Print.
Gudson, H. (2011). "Psychological Impact of Childhood
Cancer." APA Public Interest Government Relations Office 1.1:
1-2. Print.
Iraruke, H. (2012). "Radiation Treatment." Cancer.nz 16: 1-41.
Print.
Jefferson, H. (2010). "Childhood Cancer." Public Heath 1: 1-2.
Print.
Jugendliche, I. (2012) "Management of Germ Cell Tumors in
Children; Approaches to Cure." Onkologie. Print.
O'Neill, L. (2011). "Helping Schools Cope With Childhood
Cancer." LHSC 1.16: 1-51. Print.
Simone, J & Jane L. (2009). "Superior Cancer Survival in
Children than Adults." Cancer Tuerapy 18. Print.
Williamson, J. (2013). "Epidemiology: Children's Cancer." NHS
12.32: 1-33. Print.
Running head: CHILDREN AND CANCER
1
CHILDREN AND CANCER
6
Cancer and its Effects on Children
Name
Institution
Cancer features among the most deadly diseases in the world
today. In the previous centuries, people viewed cancer as a
disease for the old. However, today cancer can attack anyone.
Young children get diagnosis of cancer when this was not the
case before. It is sad that the number of children contracting
cancer rises annually and very few children have cancer
awareness knowledge. Both the sick child and the entire society

11. feel effects of this disease. The immediate family and friends
however suffer the most. This review will look into the many
effects of cancer in the society and their remedies.
Children who suffer from cancer and make efforts to fight the
deadly disease are heroes in our society. In 1997, Alex, a little
girl was diagnosed with cancer. The cancer had advanced and
had become incurable. However, Alex showed bravery, strength,
and love for her life. The brave life led this child and her efforts
to create cancer awareness in children contributed to the
consideration of children with cancer (Carroll & Finlay, 2010).
Her parents, siblings, grandparents, cousins, and friends were
supportive. Alex was able to create awareness to parents to take
their children for regular check-up. The girl also encouraged
many who lived with cancer to live their lives fully. Thou Alex
did not manage to completely fight cancer, her legacy lives to
show determination, courage, and strength to deal with cancer.
She is an encouragement to many other kids and families.
Alex is not the only child that has had to fight with cancer.
Over 2 million children in the world live with cancer today
(Wallace & Kelnar, 2009). The cancer ranges from organ cancer
to blood cancer. The patients or the immediate family members
that have to take care of the patient best tell the effects of any
type of cancer (Dickey, Greenberg & Bowden, 2006). However,
the society experiences effects of cancer on others too. Nathan’s
diagnosis of cancer came at the tender age of eighteen months.
The vibrant, affectionate, and charming little boy had several
tumors. His diagnosis showed that the cancer was at stage four.
The news came as a shock to everyone. The worst effects felt by
the parents since the boy was too young to understand what was
wrong with him. It was a devastating moment for both the
family and friends of the little boy.
The child had to start treatment immediately to try to save his
life. Cancer is a dangerous disease owing to the fact that its
treatment only occurs when the affected takes precaution before
the situations worsens. The earlier detection of cancer helps the
victims in dealing with the situation before it gets out of hand.

12. Mostly, chemotherapies and surgeries are the treatments for any
cancer (Wallace & Kelnar, 2009). The costs of these processes
are always overwhelming. The financial resources of people
treating cancer are strained and overstretched. However, the
family had to commence treatment for their little boy. The boy
was required to undergo at least eight rounds of chemotherapy
and surgery for the removal of the main tumors. The processes
were not easy to undertake since the boy would always scream
in agony due to the pain he experienced. It was very difficult
for the parents to witness the pain that their little one was going
through.
Unfortunately, the disease attacked Nathan after a few months.
He was not lucky to be cancer free even after the many
immunotherapy sessions and surgeries. This time, the cancer
spread in many parts of his body. It affected his limbs, ribs,
pelvis, and even the skin. The reoccurrence of the disease was
demoralizing to the parents (Carroll & Finlay, 2010). The level
of aggressiveness of the disease this time tore their hurts as
they watched their child suffer in agony. Doctors did not give
any hope of recovery for the little boy since the cancer was at
an acute stage. The therapies and surgeries would produce little
or no results. This was the worst news that the parents could
receive. They could hardly believe that they were slowly losing
their boy. After a few treatment sessions, little Nathan died in
the arms of his parents. That was the lowest moment for the
family and their friends.
Cancer is a disease that has no cure (Jacobs & Aiello, 2008).
There lacks guarantee that a patient remains cancer free for the
rest of their lives even after treatment. It actually takes courage
for a patient to undergo the painful series of treatment knowing
that they may eventually die. In our societies today, most kids
with cancer do not receive the care and moral support they
require. Considering that, the children are just little and look
upon their guardians for every kind of support, people should
improve on how they care for children with cancer. Children
should have a chance to feel wanted and loved throughout their

13. journey with cancer like Alex and Nathan did.
There are several challenges that cancer patients experience. In
this case, the directly affected persons are the children and they
may not understand the full effects of the disease. However, the
parents, guardians, relatives, and friends of these kids encounter
the effects of the children suffering from cancer (Carroll &
Finlay, 2010). One among the many problems they encounter is
the financial problem. Alex and Nathan’s parents are witnesses
that the therapies and surgeries that the children need are very
expensive. Most of the hospitals with the required facilities are
very expensive and this poses financial straining on the side of
the parents or the people responsible for the suffering child.
The children who suffer from cancer also experience delay in
their growth. Most of the time, this children are undergoing
treatment rather than doing what other children of their age do.
If a child is in school, they lag behind and their age mates go
before them. Additionally, most of these children do not get to
live their lives fully. When a child acquires the disease at tender
age, they hardly reach their teenage lives. Teenagers, on the
other hand, do not get to their adult stage. Alex and Nathan are
good examples of this fact. The poor kids died at such a tender
age.
Cancer in children proves to be a major menace in the society.
For instance, at least three children in Australia die of cancer
every week. The trends are overwhelming, and there is a need to
do something (Duggan, Watkins, & Walker, 2008). In most
cases, doctors detect cancer too late and they are unable to save
the children. Children should undergo screening for any traces
of cancerous tumors at a tender age. Cancer screening should be
frequent. Incorporation of cancer screening in the children
checkup routine is important.
Cancer should not be a concern for only the people living with
it or those who have relatives fighting the disease. Everyone
should show concern and care about cancer even if they do not
have the disease. The reason for this is because; they can also
acquire the disease. Cancer is not a disease for specific people.

14. Moreover, the environment today is full of carcinogenic
substances and potentially carcinogenic substances. Exposure to
these substances through inhalation or ingestion increases
chances of getting cancer (Carroll & Finlay, 2010). Therefore,
people should be concerned about cancer even if they are
healthy now.
In addition, there is increased concern about cancer clusters. A
number of people believe that the people in their communities
are in the danger of getting cancer due to the rise in the number
of people diagnosed with it. There are increased reports in
ministries of health where people believe they have cancer
today because many people in their community have cancer
(Jacobs & Aiello, 2008). There exists no clear conclusions on
investigations made about cancer clusters and for this reason;
people should be concerned about cancer.
References
Carroll, W. L., & Finlay, J. L. (2010). Cancer in children and
adolescents. Sudbury, Mass: Jones and Bartlett Publishers.
Dickey, S. B., Greenberg, C. S., & Bowden, V. R. (2006).
Children and their families: The continuum of care.
Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Duggan, C., Watkins, J. B., & Walker, W. A. (2008). Nutrition
in pediatrics: Basic science, clinical application. Hamilton: BC
Decker.
Jacobs, E., & Aiello, T. (2008). Adaptation and defensiveness:
A study of latency-age children with cancer. (Dissertation
Abstracts International, 68-11.)
Wallace, H., & Kelnar, C. J. H. (2009). Endocrinopathy after
childhood cancer treatment. Basel: Karger.
Running head: HOW TO TREAT CANCER IN CHILDREN
1
HOW TO TREAT CANCER IN CHILDREN

15. 7
Name
Tutor
Course
Date
How to Treat Cancer in Children
The implications of cancer are profound in the modern society
where the cases of occurrence are rampant. Previously, cancer
had its effects immensely on the older generations and people
had the belief that it only affected the adults in the community.
However, the current trends highlight a different scenario in
this field. The cases of children suffering from cancer shot in
the last century and the current reports indicate that the number
is still on the increase. According to Evan (44) Cancer is a
dangerous disease owing to the fact that its treatment only
occurs when the affected takes precaution before the situations
worsens. The earlier detection of cancer helps the victims in
dealing with the situation before it gets out of hand. In this
regard, going for monthly check-ups assists in eliminating the
possibilities of having the disease exerting immense pressure on
the people concerned. The cancer in children and its treatment
takes time and it involves expensive costs for the guardians.
However, cancer in children is not common and therefore the
determination of its treatment is difficult for the doctors who
are the key stakeholders in the treatment process for the
children. The treatment of the children under the age of fifteen
usually takes place through a clinical trial. In this instance, the
treatment undergoes evaluation through the comparison of the
older methods with those of the newly invented ways. Cancer
treatment in children has sophistications and the doctors
observe a lot of care in order to avoid giving the wrong
treatment to their victims. Consequently, children cancer
treatment should take place at a cancer treatment center where

16. the parents may be cautioned against exposing their children to
such poor conditions that deteriorate their effects. The current
trends in the field of cancer treatment amongst the children
show that there is an increase in the spread of the disease
among children. In addition, the different ways of treating the
disease evolves on a daily basis and there is a possibility of a
cancer free society in the future especially in children. The use
of the methodological means of analyzing this disease presents
the best way to give an insight to this menace. According to the
research, cancer has numerous effects on the society since it
causes suffering especially children due to the pain caused by
the disease (Gudson, 2011, p.2). In addition, the disease causes
the overall increase in the expenses exhibited by the family
affected. This essay will highlight the problem of children
having cancer and the various methods of treating them in a
TGAD form meaning the trends, gaps, advancements and
disputes will come to focus.
Trends
Pediatric oncology forms some of the words used to refer to the
malignant conditions that face children living with cancer. In
this context, the cancer that affects children has separations
from that which affects the older generation (O'Neill, 2011,
p.45). Therefore, the treatment procedure for such a child is
varying and the people involved should take care while giving
the services. In undertaking the treatment procedure for the
children, O’Neill argues that it is always advisable to find the
means upon which to approach the children in order to avoid
conflicts. Such things as learning to play with the child before
the onset of the treatment helps the child in adjusting to the
prevailing conditions making it easier to deliver the services
(Jugendliche, 2012, p76). Treating cancer should incorporate
carefulness through giving the children all their requirements as
this helps in preventing issues of side effects in the future.
However, issues of cancer in children are rare especially
bearing in mind that out of six hundred children, only one of

17. them has cancer infections (O'Neill, 2011, p.142). This shows
that the possibility of having a large group of children with
cancer is rare especially with developed technology. The level
of malignant in cancer changes with time as the children grow
from one stage to the next. In this case, people for instance
below the adolescent age have different levels of contracting the
disease. Therefore, treating children may mean having to travel
to the areas where their specialists are in order to receive
adequate care from the doctors.
Gaps
Once the establishment of the excellent way to commence the
treatment for the affected child, it is always advisable to offset
treatment. There are several means of treating cancer in
children and the most sophisticated is the surgical operation.
The newly introduced cisplatinum chemotherapy gives a clear
way in which to determine the growth of germ cells and tumors
in children. The method has an effect of controlling the spread
of the germs into the other areas of concern in the body. In
addition, it is sufficient for ensuring that tumors undergo
control from growing. The various means of treating cancer
have an international recognition and they have been integrated
to cater for the needs of all the children under cancer (Iraruke,
2012, p.23). Uncontrolled development of tumors in a child’s
body is the most painful experience as they distract the normal
functioning of the other processes in the body (Evan, 2013,
p.56). However, the current treatment protocol incorporates
various factors such as age, histology, site, and stage of the
infection in the body. Therefore, what applies to one person
maybe different from the rest since they have varying extent of
cancer sickness.
Advances
The number of children being diagnosed with cancer is on the
rise. In California for example, the number of children
diagnosed with cancer increases every year sending a warning
to the parents to care for their children before it is too late.

18. Having to take precautions is the best way in ensuring that they
remain out of danger. The various procedures of treating cancer
in the last 30 years have improved the survival rates for the
children and the overall number of children surviving the ordeal
increased (Bent, 2009, p.175). It is clear from the statistics that
the number of surviving children results from the improved
treatment plans boosted by the modern technology. Like the
cancer affecting the other adults, children cancer comprises of
malignancies, which are a sequence of cells that cause different
problems to the body (Bent, 2009, p.212). However, a child
with cancer infection provides a family crisis. In as such, the
child should enjoy academic, physical, emotional, and social
support from the people around them since their conditions
demands that way (Bent, 2009, p.215). In this instance, having
to treat the children in the best way possible is the only way of
ensuring that they remain calm and without stress, which
worsen the situation (Bent, 2009, p.220). Having a sibling with
cancer affects the family immensely as they try to find the
means in which to take care of their fellow child. Indeed Bent
argues that a cancer case requires that any person related to the
victim should have concerns on that person on all aspects
(Williamson, 2013, p.221). The support is the most important
thing that any cancer infected child ought to acquire from his or
her siblings. When dealing with a cancer victim, avoiding terms
and statements that may hurt is the best way to make them
succeed.
Disputes
The cancer infections in children have devastating effects on
their lives as they take the better part of their happiness. The
physical effects of the disease are that it leads to academic poor
performance, low self-esteem, and psychological impairment.
The children have both long-term and short-term difficulties
such as having fear to interact with their fellow colleagues at
school or in their homes (Cook, 2014, p.22). Research on the
effects of childhood cancer indicates that these children may
experience academic failures and career maladjustment, which

19. ruins their lives in the future. Consequently, cases of depression
are common amongst children that suffer from childhood
cancer. The effects incorporated in this are devastating and they
act to demoralize the children and their future (Simone & Jane,
2009, p.45). Having to live in fear and the overall shame
emanating from the results of the ordeal humiliates them.
People having challenges in making sure that the children live a
life where all their needs are taken care of should consider
giving the responsibilities to a caretaker who is trained to
handle such people as the children with cancer. This method of
giving the child to a caretaker is facing opposition from other
sources (Jefferson, 2010, p.74) that claim that during the child’s
moment of need the parents should be closest. It is painful for
the child to suffer physically but the thought of having to go
through the pain with a stranger and not their family is adding
more pain to them. However, it is distressing to the family and
the caregiver as they see the children suffer firsthand and the
pain they go through in all their procedures for treatment.
Therefore, the whole experience puts the family and the other
stakeholders under stress having to endure the pain and
suffering in terms of treatment and counseling (Cook, 2014,
p.78). In fact, having a child with the cancer menace is the
worst situation that a family can go through and sustaining that
takes a lot of courage and responsibility. Moving from the same
is also a stressful experience, as the victim ought to develop the
mentality that they are cancer free.
Conclusion
It is clear that the field of cancer in children is an impactful
issue that affects the whole society. Having to realize the
different challenges associated with the cancer treatment is the
greatest problem that the victims endure. However, the most
important role for the parent or guardian in charge of the
affected child is to talk to the infected in order to show them
the need to have courage to face the future. These people should
get a counselor who would make them realize the importance of
having to live again. An intelligent person better manages the

20. depression and the stress emanating from the overall effects of
the trauma caused by the disease. This filed is extremely
important in regards to moving the society forward to other
levels. The various methodologies used expressly show that
having a deeper knowledge on the subject matter is important as
it ensures society that is more knowledgeable where every
individual participates fully. In addition, the use of the various
methods of acquiring information assists in building the right
channels to when faced by other challenges. The choice of the
topic is due to its impact on the society. When an issue affects
the family, it becomes automatic that the same would influence
the rest of the members of the society in a negative way.
Therefore, finding solutions to them is fundamental to both the
learner and the rest of the members of the society.
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