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Patient Safety.pptx
1. Reducing the risk of patient
harm resulting from fall
Mr. Sushil Sudarshan Humane
MSN, Rn
2. Definitions
• Falls: Unexpected falling down from high position to
lower position with or without injury due to physical or
mental effect.
• Near Fall: Sudden loss of balance with incomplete fall
which include slips, stumbles, or strip with ability to
control .
3. Objectives
• To maintain patient safety.
• To maintain patient safety.
• To reduce the risk of injury.
• To determine the way of the falls occurrence.
• To implement fall prevention program
4. Most Causing
to Falls
Individual
• Most Causing to Falls
Individual
• Loss of consciousness.
• Orthopaedic disorders.
• Hypoglycaemia.
• Anaemia, Vision
• Hypotension.
• Drugs action.
• Post operative (sedation).
• Aging and sleeping habits
• Paralysis, TIA, CVA
• Environmental
• Unsafe higher position.
• Beds side rails.
• unlocked wheel chair.
• Water in the floor.
• Wire connections.
• Steps or stairs.
• Walker.
• Interfering Clothes
5. Patient Fall Injury Levels
• None: No injury.
• Minor: minor injury with abrasion or bruise treated by
dressing, limb elevation, topical medication.
• Moderate: injury lead to Suturing or limping treated by
bandage, splinting, muscle or joint strain.
• Major: which leads for casting, skin traction and
surgery, may need neurological and vascular attention.
• Death: the patient died as a result of serious injury.
• UTD: unable to determine from the documentation .
6. Risk Assessment
• All in-patients will be assessed for the risk of fall upon
admission.
• Reassessment is indicated for all of the following conditions:
o post operative.
o following procedural sedation.
o after administer medication.
o after blood transfusion.
o transferring patients between 2 units.
o after recording incident of fall.
o any changing in ambulatory status or elimination status,
7. Risk assessment
• Applying Risk Fall procedure for patients - Hendrich 11 Fall
risk for Adults. - Humpty Dumpty Scale for Pediatrics.
• Standard fall precaution shall be implemented for all
patients.
• Reporting and documenting any fall occurrence.
• All Falls patients should be classified according to level of
Injury
8. Post Fall Protocol of Care
Implement the following intervention after any fall:
• First Aid.
• Ensure that patient is safe from further danger .
• ask for help.
• don’t reposition the patient until the patient is ready to do so.
• move the patient safely with attention to moving and handling.
• complete the post fall assessment Form
• Reporting.
• Patient and Family Education.
9. Standard Fall Precaution for Low
Risk Patients
• Orient the surrounding environment.
• Provide Medication Information.
• Instruct patient to call for assistance.
• Instruct to use the rubber – soled shoes or non –
slip footwear to prevent slipping.
• Secure call bell, phone, bed table.
10. Standard Fall Precaution for Low
Risk Patients
• Ensure the clothes are not interfere with the
patient mobility.
• Maintain the bed in the lowest position and ensure
bed and wheelchairs are looked.
• Put side rails
• Conduct regular environmental rounds in all areas
surrounding the patients to decrease the risk of falls.
• Keep bathroom light on and the floor dry.
11. Standard Fall Precaution for
Moderate Risk Patients
• Standard Fall Precaution for Moderate Risk
Patients
• Identify as falls risk on medical record and
include in shift endorsement.
• Assist and supervise ambulation, Reinforce to
always call for assistance.
• Conduct hourly safety checks.
• Perform regular pain assessment
12. Standard Fall Precaution for
Moderate Risk Patients
• Evaluate for reversible causes
• - Orthostatic B.P
• - Monitor Blood Sugar
• - Adequate Hydration
• Check the patients after the visitors leave always.
• Don’t lower the bed side rails if any nurse rise it up.
• Patient Education.
• Family Education.
• Apply Fall Risk Hand Band
• Offer assistance to the bathroom or use bedpan hourly
while awake.
13. Standard Fall Precaution for
High Risk Patients
• Apply all low and moderate interventions.
• Place a high risk for fall sticker/ label on the patient charts
and patient room.
• Raise Both upper and lower side rails.
• Place mattress on floor.
• Review the medication.
• Assess the need of physical therapy consultation.
• Assess the need for 1:1 monitoring as needed.
14. Patient and Family Education
• Educate both about the risk of falling,
Safety Issues, and their Mobility
Limitation.
• Teach patient to make position changes
slowly.
• Emphasize how important the family to
be involving tin the patient safety.
• Emphasize on what patient can do to be
healthy, active, and independent