History Of Residential Schools

History Of Residential Schools
Residential schools were educational institutions controlled by the church, which were established
in the 1800s. These schools were designed to assimilate Aboriginals into Canadian culture. This
included coercing the Aboriginals to dress and act like Canadians as well as follow Canadian belief
in Christianity. Ottawa enforced all indigenous children to attend a residential school. In the 1950s,
the Aboriginals began complaining to the government about the lack of education being delivered.
As a result the Federal government took over 58 of the schools, leaving the residences under the
control of the church. This is known as the "administrative split". After the last Residential school
closed in 1996 due to longterm sexual and physical abuse
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Residential School System
Native Culture Loss Through The Residential School System
When people think about the splendiferous history of the great country of Canada, the vast majority
forget or remain unaware of the hidden grim past of Canada's residential school system and the
Catholic church's impact on the attempted assimilation of the rich native culture. The Catholic
church, for so many unjustifiable reasons could not find it in their hearts to accept the purity and
simplicity of the First Nations lifestyle. In fact, it is due to the arrogant, self–centered ways of the
Catholic church body that the majestic style of life was nearly extinct during the residential school
era..
The aboriginal culture prior to the extreme assimilation process was a very unadulterated ... Show
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First of all the natives believed there were no legitimate justifications for running these schools,
considering the manner in which the students were treated. The church had many ideas on why they
thought the residential school system was a complete benefit for the aspect of Canadian national
progress, including the native people, society, economy and many other areas of Canada's identity.
Many felt this system was a selfish act which was used as a tool to strengthen the massive religious
empire the Catholic Church had already obtained. Furthermore, by engaging in youth education the
Catholic Church believed much of its dark and bloody past including scandals, corruption, and wars
etc. could be patched or forgotten after performing this so called deed to society. It is also said that
European lifestyle was during this time the most successful and prosperous civilization up to date,
which may have been why the Catholic Church believed it would be a benefit to converting natives
to the lifestyle in which Catholicism was widely practiced and which was also the civilization of
"the pinnacle of human achievement. "(Katuhalpua) Lastly the Canadian government also had an
active role in the running of the residential schools by funding the schools and acting as a rather
strong support system for the residential school system.

Purpose Of Residential Schools
Residential schools is the schooling system organized by the Canadian government. The main
purpose of the residential schools is to separate the children of the aboriginal people from their
parents, tradition, culture as well as from their community in order to vanish their spiritual tradition
and practices. Initially the government made the promises that the residential schools were opened
only to educate the aboriginal people to civilize their parents as well as their whole community. But
once the schools were established it was said that the main purpose of these schools was to educate
the aboriginal children and to Christianize them. Hector Langevin told that the public minister said
"In order to educate the children properly we must separate them from their families. Some people
may say that this is hard but if we want to civilize them we must do that."
There are many residential schools established to Christianize the aboriginal children. And one of
them is Shubenacadie School that was located in Nova Scotia. In this residential school also the
children were abused and assaulted. This was the day boarding school. The children of the
aboriginal people were separated from their and kept in this place in order to educate them but the
motive of the school was totally different. The children were taught about the tradition, culture,
language, and spiritual of the Christian tradition. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They were not provided with the sufficient food. That was also reason for all the students to be sick.
Along with the lack of treatment of the diseases there was also the lack of food for the kids. They
were suffering too much pain

A Residential School Legacy
A Residential School Legacy
From the late 1800s to the 1980s, more than 100,000 First Nations children in Canada attended
residential schools (Llewellyn, 2008, p. 258).2 To attend these schools, children were taken away
from their families and communities. At the schools, the children suffered from emotional, physical,
sexual and spiritual abuse (Steckley & Cummins, 2001, p. 191). The worst abuses were often
used as punishment for speaking their indigenous languages (Petten, 2007, p. 22). The imposition of
residential schools on First Nations children has led to significant loss of indigenous languages, and
this language loss has led to further cultural losses for traditional First Nations cultures in Canada.
2 APA style requires ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Besides damaging family and community relationships, the loss of indigenous languages also
distanced many First Nations people from their traditional belief systems. One common belief
among First Nations traditional cultures is that "all of life is spiritual: everything that exists,
animals, plants, people, rocks, the sun and stars have elements of sacredness" (Rajotte, 1998, p. 21).
This suggests that aboriginal peoples' connection to nature is crucial to their A RESIDENTIAL
SCHOOL LEGACY 4 A. Robinson & J. Robinson / 2009 (revised March 2010) Sample Essay
APA Style WR4.35 spirituality. Aboriginal spirituality is passed on orally by elders through myths
and rituals. Without knowledge of their traditional languages, young people could not learn about
the spiritual beliefs of their people. This spirituality was all encompassing, affecting not only their
thoughts about the spirit world but also their knowledge of places, plants and animals and traditional
skills such as fishing, trapping, and tanning (Blair et al., 2002, p. 96). As Steckley and Cummins
have pointed out, without access to the elders' knowledge of nature, young people lost access to the
beliefs and practices their people had developed over thousands of years (2001, p. 17). Therefore,
the loss of language led to the loss of traditional spiritual beliefs and

The Importance Of Residential Schools
As a grade six teacher, I would use significance and continuity and change as my social studies
learning concepts to teach about Residential Schools. My specific expectation would be A3.4
"describe significant events or developments in the history of two or more communities in Canada
and how these events affected the communities' development and/ or identity" (Ontario Ministry of
Education, 2013, p.122). I can also connect the topic of Residential Schools to other social studies
concepts such as perspective and cause and consequence. There will be students who will not want
to learn certain knowledge and may resist to learn about Residential Schools and Aboriginal
Peoples. However, as a future educator I believe it is important to motivate ... Show more content on
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"In 1996, the Aboriginal Rights and Coalition worked with Indigenous elders and teachers to
develop an interactive way of learning the history most Canadians are never taught" (Kairos, 2016).
The blanket exercise can be changed to the level of maturity and age of the students. However, the
goal is to build an understanding about history of Indigenous and non– Indigenous peoples in
Canada, by walking through pre–contact, treaty making, colonization and resistance. All students
are included in this activity and step onto the blankets, which represents the land. There is a
facilitator, which is the narrator and the European colonizer. Students are drawn into the experience
by reading the scrolls and carry cards with them, which determines their outcome. This activity is a
great way to debunk any misconceptions that students may have had about Indigenous history. This
activity can certainly get emotional, therefore a class discussion or debrief is required. I would use a
cross curricular approach by using the language curriculum to teach about Residential schools.
Ontario Ministry of Education (2013) suggests that social studies lessons can be used for critical
literacy. Students learn to critique messages, determine the audience, the missing voices and the
authors intention. Lintner (2010) talks about a very important concept critical geographic awareness
whereby it asks students to be active readers,

The Indian Act and residential school
The Indian Act of 1876 and many of its amending statutes contained sections that were
discriminatory towards Canadian Native Indians, and that legalized suppression of Indian customs
and traditions. In this paper, I will examine how one section of the Act, the one relating to
residential schools, contributed to the genocide of Indian culture. Ever since the first Europeans set
foot on Canadian soil in the 15th century, they have thought their culture and way of life was
superior to that of the Native North Americans. Initially the Europeans relied upon the Indians to
show them how to travel and survive in the wilds of Canada. They also were dependent on Indians
as trading partners and as military allies. However, as more settlers arrived ... Show more content on
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At the same time, those teachers tried to instill the white man's ways into them. The whole concept
of teaching in the residential schools was countering the traditional native lifestyle. Native children
had always learned through interacting with, emulating, and observing their parents and elders.
There was no structured educational system as there was in the schools. Parents thought that you
"...don't [want to] explain too much or you'll take away the opportunity to learn."(Goulet, 1998)
Discipline was another philosophy foreign to the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. Native parents
would let their children discover how to go about doing things by making mistakes on their own. If
a child tried something and it did not work out, the child would suffer the natural consequences of
their error and try to find a better way next time. The entire concept of striking a child was
completely unheard of and was thought to be extremely inappropriate and unnecessary. At both
Mopass and the Ontario school, these were common practices, as was starving children and taking
away their privileges. King (1967), for example describes a situation: "They starved us up there! We
got one egg a year–at Easter. The rest of the time we got dogfood mush [corn meal] and skim milk.
Them in the staff dining room, though, they got bacon and eggs everyday. We never saw fruit from
one Christmas to the next, but they sure had it. Why some of those kids just starved to death. One
year there was

Residential Schools In Monkey Beach By Eden Robinson
Residential schools are educational institutions established for Indigenous children. It was funded
by the Canadian government and administered by Christian churches with the sole purpose of
civilizing the native children and assimilate them into the modern western culture. In the novel
Monkey Beach, Eden Robinson describes the impact of residential schools on multiple characters in
the story. Uncle Mick, Aunt Trudy, and Josh are just a few who have experienced many types of
abuse–physical, sexual, emotional and spiritual. Those horrid memories left permanent emotional
scars and still resides with them even until adulthood. Residential schools disrupted lives, isolated
families, eliminated cultural identity and caused long–term problems among the Indigenous
community. With the passage of the British North American Act in the 1867 and the implementation
of the Indian Act in 1876, the "government was required to provide Indigenous youth with an
education to integrate them into Canadian society" (Brady 1995). The first residential schools were
set up in the 1880s and peaked around the 1920s. After the residential school system was
established, children were stripped away from their parents and had no freedom to choose whether
they wanted to attend. In these schools heavily controlled by catholic churches, children were forced
to pray to whom they had no connection with and forbidden to practice their own culture. The goal
was to "convert the children to Christianity and

Residential Schools In Canada
Residential Schools are a horrific story of our Canadian past. In the 19th century, the Canadian
government believed that it was solely responsible for the education of the Aboriginal people in our
country. According to Bombay, Matheson and Anisman (2014), they explain that the Residential
School System was something the Canadian Government felt was necessary because, "although
numerous historically traumatic events occurred earlier, the 19th century in Canada was marked by
government policies to assimilate Aboriginal peoples based on the assumption that Whites were
inherently superior to the "Indians" they considered to be savage and uncivilized" (p. 322). Since the
government believed Aboriginal people needed to be civilized, they felt it ... Show more content on
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"Even after these traumatic experiences at the residential schools, the effects of the schools have
continued to influence Native populations for up to four generations" (Barnes & Cole. 2006, p. 29).
Experiencing the traumatic events that took place while attending Residential School changed the
children and this carries on to their extended families. Charlie Angus in Children of the Broken
Treaty retells the stories of the children who had to live through the horrific trauma of attending
Residential School which resulted in not only loss of their culture, but their own identity and native
languages as well. The abuse and trauma these children faced should never have been put upon a

Residential schools in Canada were built by government in 1880 to assimilate Aboriginal children
into Euro–Canadian culture. Also the major purpose of residential school was to remove and isolate
Indian children from their parents, homes, traditions and cultures. It is estimated that about 150,000
aboriginal, Inuit and Métis children were removed from their communities and forced to attend
residential schools. The schools were built in numerous places in Canada to teach students and train
students in a bad and strict rules of schools. The teachings between boys and girls were different as
it was not what it is like today. There were not boys and girls together in a same building and due to
that rule the teachings and training of pupils were ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Likewise, the importance of Residence schools was to apparently understanding of what Indians
residential schools were, and where they were located in British Columbia. Also it was important
because students were review their knowledge of traditional first nations values and culture and
mainly towards the major role of education because it would help them to understand of what was
lost through colonization. But the biggest question arises towards Residential schools was If it was
worth and a fair system for Aboriginal people? Today around the world and mostly in Europe and
North America there are many schools and good schools and every children, every kid has his own
choice of what to wear, what to do, what to study and allowed to achieve their goals in any aspect of
life. But were any opportunities given to the Residential schools? They weren't even allowed to even
talk or even share about their culture and society and the following quote of a leader of a society
demonstrates the difference between residential schools and today's building "I want to get rid of the
Indian problem... Our object is to continue until there is not a single Indian in Canada that has not
been

Residential School Essay
Residential school
The native american children were sent to horrible boarding schools. Many native children were
sent away to catholic schools and had to they had no choice . The boarding schools would punish
the children for speaking their own language by smacking them in the face. When the children
finally got to come home they had forgotten their language and felt out of place. Some families
would even disown their children for forgetting their own heritage, but it was rare that happened.
Also, many children were beaten and abused and mentally abused.
Therefore, The children who were sent away to school rarely got to see their families and if there
siblings went to they were separated from one another . ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When the students were abused it would sometimes mess with them so bad they would become
mentally ill. Most kids were also brainwashed to believe there heatige ways were wrong so the
schools would make them forget everything and even change their religion. One of the students who
went there had said "my first day here i locked myself in a bathroom and the nuns ann priest were
yelling at me to come when i finally did the priest had smacked me and grabbed me by the head"
(Aboriginal image maker).
Finally, Not many people new what was going on so the schools went n for a while. Intel a tribe's
chief had called a school to get information which later lead to the government having to take up the
case. It started with the children having to go to court and speak about what happened or they
wouldn't get justice which wasn't the best way to handle some making children tell their abuse
stories in cort in front of strangers they didn't know(Johnas,George). So a lot of them didn't say
anything because they didn't want to re live those moments. The people who did speak did receive
money for what had happened anyone who was sent there received around 4,000 $ people who were
abused physically received another 3,000$. No one started taking these cases until two years after
the schools were closed. Not a lot of the teachers had gotten sent to jail either or the priests. A lot of
them had gotten away with abuse. Which was something they should have

Aboriginal Students In Residential Schools Case Study
They achieved this by introducing laws, such as the Indian Act, which prohibited the Aboriginals
people basic rights, and with the introduction residential school that took away Aboriginal children
from their parents and the reserves in order to assimilate the children from a young age with
teaching them the Christian values and Euro–Canadian manners. Both the Government of Canada
and the Church worked together in order to benefit each other. The residential schools were a
church–run school that already had experienced teachers instead to establish new school the
government changed them to residential school. This allowed the government to save money and the
church was allowed to teach Christianity, due to the residential schools being run ... Show more
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Usually, the schools were built in areas where they were far away from the Aboriginal homes, which
therefore cut off ties with family and community influences. In these residential schools, children
were stripped of their identity of their heritage where they were forbidden to speak their native
language and where only English was allowed to be spoken; not allowed to wear their native
clothing, this caused children the loss of their belief in their traditions of their native culture due to
not being able to put them in practice because they were the "Other" which is considered inferior
(rel after 304). The most horrible things of this residential school if the children did speak their
native language or did anything native such as rituals they were punished. The Aboriginal children
went through a cruel amount of abuses through emotional, physical and sexual which are life
threatening to the children, this is considered a scaring and impacted many Aboriginal people with
repercussions of the loss of

Residential Schools
Case Study: Residential Schools
Examining the residential school system in Canada between the 1870s and 1996 exposes numerous
human rights and civil liberties violations of individuals by the government. This case study
involves both de jure discrimination and de facto discrimination experienced by Aboriginals based
on their culture. The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms specifically protects Aboriginal
rights under section 25 and section 15 declares that, "Every individual is equal before and under the
law" (Sharpe & Roach, 2009, p. 307). Human rights and civil liberties of Aboriginal children and
parents were ignored and violated by residential schools which were fuelled by government policy,
agendas of church organizations, and a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
257). The programs were put in place as a method of imposing norms on a younger generation that
had been deemed fit for transformation (Ibid). This policy resulted in a vulnerable group being
removed from their homes and placed into an environment plagued with physical, sexual,
emotional, and spiritual abuse. Isolation from all aspects of one's culture was degrading, isolating,
and discouraging.
The implementation of residential schools can be considered an action taken with societies best
interests in mind. The policy initially appeared to be free from de jure discrimination since the
purpose was to empower the aboriginal population and give them the tools they needed to succeed
in a modern society. The abuse suffered by the students did not appear to be an intentional result of
the assimilation policy adopted by the government. Policy makers had a desire to create a generation
of aboriginals accustomed to the ways of civilized life (Llewellyn, 2002, p. 257). Unfortunately the
policy had flaws and experiences in residential schools have resulted in numerous accounts of
injuries sustained and psychological damage (Akhtar, 2010, p. 263). The fact that discrimination
actively occurred to this group of people is an example of de facto discrimination.
Church Organizations The Catholic Church and United Church of Canada are responsible for
discriminating aboriginal peoples

The Impact Of Assimilation: Residential Schools
The impact of assimilation: Residential Schools Residential School are an aspect of Canadian
history that will haunt our nation. Derived from the Anglican Church, Methodist Church, and
Roman Catholic church's desires to educate and convert the indigenous people of the land. (Miller,
2008) The churches thought that the indigenous people were savages and needed to be assimilated
into their beliefs. (Hanson, n.d.) 30% of indigenous children were forced into Residential Schools,
6,000 died while in the care of these boarding schools. (Tasker, 2015). These institutions used
methods of physical, emotional, and sexual abuse to sterilized these children such as piercing the
tongues of children with needles who dare to speak their native language ... Show more content on
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They were brought to these boarding schools to assimilate them into the culture of the European
settlers. (Hanson, n.d.) The settlers believed that they were better and that indigenous people were
ignorant savages, needed to be trained. (Hanson, n.d.) First prime minister of Canada, Sir John A.
MacDonald began to publically fund Residential Schools making this a federal responsibility.
(Hanson, n.d.) The schools were maintained by the labor of these children, the children that were
punished for speaking their native language, repeatedly sexually assaulted, and extremely
malnourished (hanson, n.d.) this abuse and punishment had finally ended in 1996 when the last
residential school was closed (Tasker, 2015) It was not until 2008 that former prime minister,
Stephen Harper formally apologized to the indigenous community,(CBC, n.d.) he then implemented
the Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement. However, the institutions have already left a
mark on the indigenous people. Suffering has been passed down to generations, inducing mental
health issues within the community, such as addictions. Children of Residential Schools suffered
through many mental health issues that cause them to be unfit parents. (The Aboriginal Healing
Foundation Research Series, 2007) For over a century children from 4–18 have no experience being
in a family or community environment, parenting skills were diminished, as well

What Are Residential Schools In Canada
Aboriginal men and women who lived through residential schools brought the concern of residential
schools onto the public agenda.[2] Their work resulted in the Indian Residential School Settlement
Agreement, which stipulated a residential school Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada
be conducted.[2] The commission concluded that the Canadian residential school system was
established for the purpose of separating children from their families.[2] According to the
commission, this was done with the intention to minimize the family's ability to pass along their
cultural heritage to their children.[2][3] The commission spent six years traveling to different parts
of Canada to hear the testimony of approximately six thousand Aboriginal people who were taken
away from their families and placed in residential schools as children. ... Show more content on
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Some former students made allegations of physical, psychological, and sexual abuse and neglect.[4]
The commission studied records and took testimony for evidence of activities alleged to have
occurred at residential schools, as well as the negative effects resulting from the schools' stated aim
to assimilate First Nations children into the majority culture. The matter of student deaths at these
institutions and the burial of deceased students in unmarked graves without the notification or
consent of the parents was an additional item on the

Residential Schools Vs. Public Schools
Residential School's were introduced back in the 1870's, they were made to change the way native
children spoke their languages and how they viewed their cultures. The residential school system in
Canada was operated by the government, where the native children were aggressively forced away
from their loved ones to participate in these schools (1000 Conversations). The government had a
concept, where they can modernize the native children, aged of three to eighteen and extinguish the
aboriginal culture. In the twentieth century the Canadian Public School's had arrived and had
improved treatments than residential schools. In Contrast, the treatments within these schools were
both different, whereas Canadian public school students had more freedom than residential school
students because children were taken away from their families. However, the treatment in these
schools were different and some what similar. Even though Residential schools and Canadian Public
schools were similar in some form, there were numerous amounts of differences in how the children
were taught, how they were treated and how their living conditions were like throughout these
schools.
Residential schools were the one of the worst decisions the Canadian government had made. As they
planned this idea with the churches across Canada, it became unforgettable for the native people.
These schools changed the way native people lived in Canada. The children in these schools were
abused and neglected everyday

The Importance Of Residential Schools In Canada
In the 1870's, the Canadian government partnered partnered with churches such as the Anglican,
Catholic, and United churches to establish residential schools for Aboriginal children.
Residential schools were first established after the Indian act which passed in 1876 and lasted up
until 1996 when the last residential school in Saskatchewan, Canada was shut down due to lack of
respect for the culture and the harsh mistreatment that the youth suffered.
The official reasons given to the country for establishing residential schools was that the Canadian
government believed that it had the responsibility of educating and caring for the aboriginal people.
They believed that learning English and adopting christianity was their best chance for success. ...
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Former students received 10,000 for the first year plus 3000 for each subsequent year they attended.
As of 2013, over 1.3 billion had been paid to students and foundations representing over 100,000
cases. Aside from the CEP, the government funded a commemoration initiative, which consisted of
events, projects, memorials and many other things. The Aboriginal Healing Foundation was
established in 1998 and received 350 million from Northern Affairs Canada to help former
residential school students who were abused physically and mentally, however, the funding ended in
2010. The IRSSA funded 960 million to the Independent Assessment Process (IAP). IAP was a
settlement fund for students who filed claims for sexual, physical and other wrong abuse.By 2012,
over 1.7 billion was paid through IAP. Lastly, the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC). The
IRSSA allocated over 60 million for the TRC to document and preserve the experiences of the
survivors in order to let their story be heard and cared about, so that the world does not make the
same mistake again. By 2012, the TRC released over 900 thousand documents that recorded the
experiance of the

Essay On The Effects Of Residential Schools
THE AFFECTS OF RESIDENTIAL SCHOOLS: A LIST By: Sanchia Nawar – Residential schools
were religious schools ran by the government and churches which were made to assimilate
Aboriginal children into European culture. – Residential schools messed up people's lives and their
communities, causing long–term problems among Aboriginal people. – In total, an estimated
150,000 children attended residential schools. – From the 1890s until the 1950s, the government
tried to constantly make residential schools the churches problems. – The food was prepared badly
and there were little amounts of it. – Clothing was all basically the same ill–fitting, shabby and, in
the case of winter clothing, not enough protection for the season. – The school program, both
academic and vocational, was deficient. – Children died in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
– Some students left with happy memories, but the general experience of residential school students
was more negative. – These ideas were based on the assumption that Aboriginal cultures and
spiritual beliefs were inferior to European culture. – "to kill the Indian in the child." – European
settlers in Canada brought with them the assumption that their own civilization was the pinnacle of
human achievement. – They interpreted the socio–cultural differences between themselves and the
Aboriginal peoples as proof that Canada's first inhabitants were ignorant, savage, and–like children–
in need of guidance. – In 1907, government medical inspector P.H. Bryce reported that 24 percent of
previously healthy Aboriginal children across Canada were dying in residential schools. – Bryce
reported that anywhere from 47 percent (on the Peigan Reserve in Alberta) to 75 percent (from File
Hills Boarding School in Saskatchewan) of students discharged from residential schools died shortly
after returning

Intergenerational effects of Residential schools
Intergenerational Effects of Residential Schools Who are the people that went to residential schools,
where are they, and their families today? Have you ever heard someone talk about residential
schools like it was an everyday conversation? Residential schools have become so camouflaged into
the back of people's minds. People tend to forget that these schools took place and that they are real
life events that can have an effect on everyone around them. These schools have left such an imprint
on Canada as a whole, that people should be more aware about the outcomes and more familiar with
the history of these schools. The intergenerational effects of residential schools in today's society
has taken such a toll on Canada and especially ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
If a child is being a victim of any sort of abuse, they will not know any different. They have always
been told to listen and to respect their adults and elders. Children will always strive for that love and
protection feeling that can be provided from an adult. When an adult was sexually abusing a child,
the child often did not try put a stop to it. By not resisting these adults whom were doing these
things to them, they thought this is the way to get the love and attention feeling that they were
searching for. While interviewing Joni Desnomie, by the way she would talk about the events that
occurred I chose not to go through with the interview process. Joni Desnomie is my auntie, growing
up with her she talked about going to residential schools and how it was the worse experience of her
life. Joni had never had the chance to deal with the events that occurred. She has supressed her
emotions towards the school so deep, that when we were talking she started to choke up about the
subject. This is a prime example of how much of an impact these schools have on some people and
their families. Joni, did not deal with the emotions and while attending the school she had tried to
commit suicide numerous times. The scars on her wrists embodies the pain she endured

The School Of Residential Schools
This text in relation to my own life has many comparing and contrasting ideas and opinions written
throughout the stories and testimonies of the students of residential schools. First off, this text does
have components that relate to me personally in regards to the ideals put forth by the staff at
residential schools and attempt to convert the students to Christianity. I have been raised in a
Christian home and brought up under Christian ways of acting and thinking in my everyday life.
The attempt that the White people in the residential schools took to convert the Native children does
not relate to me, however after the conversion was completed and the lives of those children
changed to Christianity, I can relate to those ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"We were always hungry" (Miller, pg. 290), is another concise indication that students were
mistreated and unimportant in the schools. Many issues surrounding providing food to the students
as I've previously mentioned is wrong, however one idea that in my own opinion is very unfair to
the students is when the missionaries "provid[ed] themselves with separate eating facilities and food
superior to that served to the children" (Miller, pg. 292), simply to make it aware that they were of
more importance than the children within the school. Although the residential schools provided a
home for children whose families could not properly provide for them, the ideals and practices
behind the residential schools is not how a human being should be treated or nurtured, making the
schools very unfit for children to attend. My opinions of residential schools before reading this
article were similar to the information provided; mistreatment, poor quality health care and food,
trying to change their religion and culture, etc. However, the article failed to change my opinion of
residential schools and instead heightened my idea that residential schools should have never
existed. For example, students were sent to these schools to be provided with the necessary means to
live a dignified life and receive an

Residential schools were like boarding schools in that the child was removed from home and
brought to a school where they would live for period to learn skills that would assist them in adult
life. This description highlighted the supposed purpose of the residential schools in Canada by the
federal government and Christian churches. The bond between the government and Christian
churches was formed on deception and manipulation, leading to one of the biggest mistakes that
defined Canadian history. In actuality, the residential school system did significant harm to
Indigenous children by removing them from their families, depriving them of their ancestral
languages, exposing many of them to physical, emotional, and sexual abuse. It was an ineffective, ...
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In effect, the Act "made Indians wards of the state, unable to vote in provincial or federal elections
or enter the professions if they did not surrender their status, and severely limited their freedom to
participate in spiritual and cultural practices (28). The Canadian government encouraged the growth
of the residential school system as a valuable component of a wider policy of integrating Indigenous
people with the European–Canadian society. Amendments made to the Indian act made it mandatory
for every Indian child to attend a residential school and illegal for them to attend any other
educational institution. made attendance at day schools, industrial schools, or residential schools
compulsory for Indigenous children (37). Due to the remote nature of many communities, school
locations meant that for some families, residential schools were the only way to comply. School
distance was used to intentionally keep families from their children (42). Responsible for separating
children from their families and communities, the system has been described as cultural genocide
because its aim was "killing the Indian in the child." Designed as an immersion program, children
were prohibited from speaking their own languages or

The Influence Of Residential Schools
Residential schools were built up with the assumption that aboriginal culture was not able adjust to a
quickly modernizing society. It was believed that local aboriginal kids could assimilate if they
absorbed into standard Canadian culture by embracing Christianity and communicating in English
or French. Students were discouraged from speaking their first language or practicing native
traditions. If they were caught they, would experience severe punishment. Consistently, students
lived in substandard conditions and persevered through physical and psychological mistreatment.
Since all correspondence from the kids was composed in English, numerous guardians couldn't read
and didn't know what they were getting their kid(s) into. As indicated

Residential Schools In The 1970s
Residential schools in the 1970s were mainly created because they wanted to "Kill the indian in the
child," There were over 130 schools located all across the country that were funded by the
government and ran by the churches. Residential schools are not like your normal typical school it's
hell that's the only word to describe it. First Nations, Metis and Inuit children were taken from their
homes and put in these schools to assimilate their culture, language and way of life. In the year of
1920 Dr. Duncan Campbell Scott stated "I want to get rid of the Indian problem. I do not think as a
matter of fact, that the country ought to continuously protect a class of people who are able to stand
alone... Our objective is to continue until there is ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Sadly the First Nations children didn't get that advantage, they were ripped from their homes and
taught that their beliefs and way of life was wrong. Connor et al, writes "One of the most damaging
outcomes of residential schools was that First Nations children were taught to believe that their
cultures were inferior to Euro–Canadian cultures." These children were taught that speaking their
language was bad and that they had to be punished. Children who grew up in residential schools
went out basically thinking that it's okay to abuse their own children. It is said that there are higher
rates of violence behaviour, substance abuse, and criminal behaviour within the survivor. Sending
their own kids to school is a struggle for them because they don't want their kids to go through that
same trauma as they did. How are First Nations supposed to connect with their children and form a
relationship if they never had that as a child. They didn't know how to parent their own children
which resulted in them being bad parents. Students grew up being disciplined so that's what they did
to their own children. A child of a residential school survivor stated that "Growing up, my mother
often cried or raged or drank or disappeared into herself. She found it difficult to express affection
and often I wondered what I had done wrong to make her the way

Imposition Of Residential Schools Essay
Residential schools were a normal aspect of Aboriginal people's lives in the 19th and 20th century.
The purpose of a residential school was to convert Aboriginal children to Christianity and to
assimilate them into Western culture. They were operated through the Canadian government and the
church. Aboriginal children were forcibly taken from their parents and put into a school, full–time.
They were mistreated which led to problems that still afflict the Aboriginal population of Canada
today. Many Aboriginal people want the Canadian government to recognize the inhumane and
heinous acts that have been done and want compensation. The imposition of residential schools has
greatly impacted the Aboriginal population which resulted in many repercussions ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
The mistreatment of Aboriginal children at residential schools caused detrimental impacts on their
identity and even led to death. Furthermore, this has led to many repercussions that negatively affect
their communities and made them more prone to criminal acts. There have also been rising tensions
between the Aboriginal population and the Canadian government due to the protests for
compensation. The imposition of residential schools has negatively impacted the lives of the
Aboriginal population and the government must take action for the betterment of their

The Negative Effects Of Indian Residential Schools In Canada
The Canadian government created an Indian Residential school system which demonstrated racial
discrimination and caused many Indigenous families to suffer, in the year of 1883. However, the
concept was not simple, for all the injustice happening in these schools. This highlights the mistakes
made, due to Canada's government policies. Proving that the government is not always righteous
toward various communities. The government's choices caused a cultural genocide which impacts
the new generation in Canada's modern society. These religion driven schools destroyed the
Indigenous society. This is fragment of Canadian history that confounds both ones who were
responsible for the cause and those who did not take action toward the dilemma. However, the event
changed Canada as a whole. Although the catastrophic idea of Indian residential schools, coming to
reality caused plenty of treachery, it helped to advance the perspective of people, to build Canada
into the country it is today, although there is a question that follows the concept even today, will the
virtues learn be enough to repair the damage done? These schools did many wrong things, one of
which included performing a variety of nutritional and medical experiments on the students without
them consenting or their parents/guardians knowing. A great number of the aboriginal students,
which were used as subjects were killed due to the harsh experiments. Later, the statistics shown
proved none of those experiments led to

Effects Of Residential Schools
Residential schools are still having long term and intergenerational effects on Indigenous people
culturally, physically and emotionally/mentally. In the 19th century the Canadian government
established a program to assimilate Indigenous people into the Canadian society and christianity.
During this dark time in Canada's history, many Indigenous children were forced to attend
residential boarding schools where they suffered various forms of abuse and neglect. Many children
left these schools broken and no longer capable of living a normal life. Although these schools have
all been closed down, the trauma caused has been passed down through the generations and is still
affecting Indigenous people today. In many cases Indigenous people had no say in whether or not
their children would attend residential schools. If the parents failed to send their children to school,
they would be at risk for imprisonment. Because these children were pulled from their families at
such a crucial learning point of their life, they lost the opportunity to learn of their culture, language
and to grow their spirituality. In the residential school curriculum, children speaking their native
tongue was forbidden, even when writing letters home. Constantly forced to speak either french or
english, and to never practice their culture, many children forgot their language and cultural
practices. The long term effects have been a severe decrease of aboriginal languages and Indigenous
people who can

The Dangers Of Residential Schools In Canada
80 Residential schools were developed and established all across Canada in 1931, and slowly over
the years, about 150 000 First Nation students attend the different schools. This happened because
many believed that education was one of the biggest factors to assimilation, and so the Canadian
Parliament changed the Indian Act requiring all children, ranging the ages of seven to fifteen to go
to school . The biggest concerns for the Indigenous at the time was that they had to trek thousands
of kilometres from home to the nearest school, unknown of the dangers these parents were sending
their children into. At these "academic" schools, English was stressed to speak when interacting
with others while native tongue and language was banned , due to the fact, most of these schools
were ran by churches. Also because these schools were ran by these churches, Christian religion and
ideals were emphasized, while Aboriginal Spirituality and culture was condemned. These poor kids
were separated from everything they knew about growing up, and they just threw them into a
curriculum and material that is so very different from what they knew and would get penalize from
not understanding and would feel like they were an outsider. And they would have to deal with this
on the daily. And what made it worse was the fact that many of these teachers were harsh and cruel
towards these students, hurting them physically, mentally or sexually, causing trauma they'd never
forget in their lives. The

Residential Schools
Long before Europeans came to North America, The Aboriginal people had a highly developed way
of life. This however all changed when the Europeans decided to settle among them. For the
Anglophones and the French people of Canada it became more and more evident that something
drastic would need to be done in order to fit them into their ideal perception of what it was to be
Canadian. With the help of the church the Canadian government implemented the residential school
system, which was devoted to providing a disciplined based ideal that promoted rejection of the
aboriginal culture in favor of the dominant white population. The residential system would
eventually become an official Canadian policy for the education of Indian. Even though ... Show
To try and learn it again was hard, that is why it eventually loss its place in society. Those that were
in charge worked hard to take away the ability to speak and share their feelings and experiences
with one another "Children entering Residential schools were literally forbidden to speak their own
languages so there was no way for a child to communicate until English was learned."[6] All in all
this added to long last effects caused by the residential school system. Spirituality often can be
classified to an ultimate or immaterial reality or inner path enabling a person to discover the essence
of their being; or the deepest values and meanings by which people live. This can be true for the
aboriginal people, whose concept of spirituality is derived from the concept of the Dreaming, where
the roots lie in a variety of stories, ceremonies, values and structures. In the beginning many people
held on to what ever they could, holding on to their idea of themselves a connection to the families
that they left behind. However, in order to wipe away any thought or lingering feelings "many
masks, regalia. And ritual artifacts were confiscated and burned as pagan works of the devil– or
simply held and later sold for profit."[7] This was devastating as many lost whatever connection
they had to the outside world, their families and their spirituality. While in residential schools
"Children were taught that the beliefs of their

Development Of The Residential School System
"I just don't like to talk about it or even think about it. Sometimes when I am by myself, doing
beadwork or something. I stop all the sudden and tears just start coming down"
: A quote from Aggie George recalling of her experience in the Lejac Indian Residential School
(Legacy of Hope Foundation, 2001). In the 1880s all the way to the 1990's roughly 150,000
aboriginal children where removed from their communities and homes to attend the residential
school system set up by the government and operated by the Christian churches (Government of
Canada, 2015). The purpose of these residential schools was to isolate Aboriginal children from
their families and assimilate them into the dominant culture (First Nations Study Program, 2009). As
the history of the residential school system unfolds it becomes evident that the Canadian
Government attempted to eradicate the Aboriginals culture and lifestyle. The residential school
system was a devastating crime against Aboriginal cultures and has had lasting and debilitating
effects on their populations.
The residential schools were a wide spread school system that was established by the Canadian
government and organized by the Christian churches (Government of Canada, 2015). The goal of
these schools was to educate Aboriginal children in Christianity and to adapt them into mainstream
society. The children in these schools were forced to abandon their heritage, and were separated
from their families. The aboriginal school is system was

Reflecting On The Residential School System
RESIDENTIAL SCHOOL SYSTEM
3. In reflecting on the Residential School System in Canada, discuss why Elders teachings and
courses in Indigenous studies are important today. Between 1875 and 1996, First Nations children
were forced to attended residential schools to be systematically assimilated into an English–
Christian society through abuse, segregation, and racism. Residential schools were created by the
Canadian government to transition First Nations children into a newly colonized Canada, but
somewhere something went wrong and the policy of teaching was corrupted into assimilation
through abuse. The priority of residential schools was to kill the Indian in the child. As a result
many languages and cultures were lost as children were not taught the traditions of their heritages
and could not pass on this knowledge to their children. Residential schools directly contributed to
the loss of the First Nations traditional cultures and created a cycle of abuse for generations to come.
Dickason, Olive Patricia and Long, David. (2011). Visions of the Heart. Oxford University Press.
First Nations Elders maintain traditional lifestyles and beliefs. They continue to spread the oral
traditions that once were very well known. After residential schools were created a lot of knowledge
was lost from the First Peoples, and the Elders have become a primary source for this knowledge
perseverance.
"Elders continue to accrue, especially both to their role and function and to the

Residential Schools In Residential Schools
From 1863 to 1996, many Indigenous child were forced to attend residential schools, where they
were separated from their families and culture and experienced neglect, abuse and trauma (Bombay,
Matheson, & Anisman, 2011, p.367). This essay will explore the history and purpose of residential
schools, how it impacted Indigenous children and families at the time of the events, and how to this
day it still affects them. Indigenous Residential Schools impacted the First Peoples of Canada
physically, mentally and emotionally which resulted in their loss of identity, culture, spirituality, and
traditions in the past and present.
History and Purpose:
Indigenous Residential Schools were experimented in parts of Canada was early as the 1620s but
they had very minimal success in accomplishing what they wanted. Missionaries ran the residential
school but found it hard to recruit students, keep them at school, and they complained that they
could not physically punish the children. The state got involved in the schooling of Indigenous
children after Canada became a country in 1867 (Blackburn, 2012, p. 290). Canadian residential
schools were also inspired by a similar practice in the USA in the 1880s. Their plan was to
assimilate Indigenous children into Euro–Canadian culture. The schools were operated by Christian
churches and they thought that by removing Indigenous children from their parents and
communities they would be more quickly assimilated (Woods, 2013, p. 173–174). Figure 1

Aboriginal Residential School
The first three residential schools were created in 1883 following the Indian Act in 1883, which
restricted movement and the freedom of aboriginal people. These schools became mandatory to
attend for indigenous children in 1884. The children who attended these residential schools faced
abuse, lack of clothing and hygiene, starvation, and exposure to disease. When they return to their
homes after years, they often faced problems in communication with their family and pass on the
abusive behaviors experienced in school towards their family members.
Throughout the development of the residential school system, much injustice had been done towards
Aboriginal people, who carried these scars through generations. Even today, Aboriginal people
experience the highest crime rate and suicide rate, and many possess mental illnesses and stress
disorders. It is important for Canadians to learn about the residential school system so similar events
can be prevented in the future, awareness of the Aboriginal society ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
By learning about what happened during the time of the residential school system, Canadians can
prevent further injustice to be done towards people of different ethnicities. An example of this is
when the last residential school was closed in 1996. This event shows how Canadians were able to
realize the negative effects of the residential school system, and correct the mistake. Moreover,
learning about the residential school system also helps Canadians of different ethnicity coexist in
this multicultural country. Through hearing the thoughts of the Aboriginal people and understanding
how they were mistreated, Canadians gain sympathy towards them and become more open minded
to the lives of people of different ethnicity. By understanding the effects of the residential school
system, similar mistakes can be prevented in the

Residential Schools Essay
Residential schools were a school system implemented by the government to assimilate children of
aboriginal descent. They were designed to replace the children's culture, traditions, beliefs, and to
"kill the Indian out of them". Schools of this manner have affected over 150 000 children. The first
residential schools were established in the 1880s, a few years after the Indian Act was implemented.
The Indian Act contained many clauses that allowed for residential schools to be built. Aboriginal
children were taken from their families to study at these schools. They were not allowed to speak
their language, acknowledge their culture or beliefs, and removed their heritage. The schools were
incompetent at educating the children, as the teaching provided was inferior ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Boys had their hair cut short and all students were required to wear school uniforms. The two
genders were always kept separate and siblings were rarely allowed to interact with each other.
Chief Bobby Joseph of the Indian Residential School Survivors Society recalls that he never got to
know his sister "beyond a mere wave at the dining hall". Education, which should be a school's
main goal, was neglected at these schools. The schools were extremely underfunded by the
government and many practical skills were taught instead of academical skills. Girls were sought
after to do domestic tasks, and were taught to cook, clean, sew, and do laundry. Boys were taught
carpentry, smithing, and farming. A large population of the schools only attend for part of the time
as the other time was spent doing unpaid work against their will. Girls were required to do
housekeeping, and boys were required to do general maintenance and agricultural tasks. The jobs
were presented to the students as practical training, however the reason for these jobs was to help
run the underfunded

Residential schools first began to appear in Canada in 1831. They were government sponsored
religious schools whose purpose was to teach indigenous children about the Euro– Canadian culture.
The first residential schools we found in New France what is now modern day Quebec. The idea of
residential schools was originally conceived by the Roman Catholic church and the Canadian
government whose idea was to educate and convert indigenous youth so they would know how to
live in the Canadian society. However the outcome of all residential schools was far from this.
Residential schools disrupted families and communities in a huge manner and caused many long
term problems for the kids who attended these schools. During the 1870s both the federal ... Show
"I hate this place, I hate their teachings and I have grown to hate their culture". Almost all students
like Kaya hated these schools in some cases kids would try to run away but it will result in failure
since their house was probably thousands of kilometers away from the schools. In some extreme
cases some students set their schools of fire. Indigenous parents and communities constantly
protested the school's harsh system. By the early 1940s it was finally obvious to the federal
government that the schools were uneffective the indigenous protest helped to end the involvement
of the catholic church. It wasn't until 1986 when the majority of schools had finally closed its doors.
In 1996 the last residential school was shut down. In the late 1990s the survivors of residential
schools began to push the government for compensation for the violence they had experienced. In
2005 the federal government established a 1.9 billion compensation package for survivors. (The
Canadian Press 2015). In 2008 prime minister offered an apology to the survivors and offered
compensation packages. However he refused to acknowledge the Innu, Inuit and NunatuKavut
people of Newfoundland and Labrador. Because residential schools in the province were set up
before Newfoundland and Labrador joined Confederation. This past November Prime Minister
Trudeau offered a tearful apology to the people Harper did not

The Importance Of Residential Schools
The main aim of all the was somehow same as to spread their tradition. The missionary aim of the
Christian tradition was to circulate their tradition all over the world. They took many steps to spread
their tradition. Residential schools is one of the main example of their mission. Aboriginal people
always tried to educate their children about their tradition and culture. They used to play small
dramas in front of their children so that they gain the knowledge from those dramas. Moreover elder
people of their community taught them about the culture every day.
Christian just want to spread their own culture. They established the residential schools and told the
aboriginal people that these schools are opened to educate their children and to civilize them and
their whole community as well. But this was not the main motive behind the establishment of this
school. They separated the aboriginal people from their parents and from the culture and community
so that they were totally separated from their culture. It becomes easy for them to educate the
aboriginal people about their culture, tradition, language etc. aboriginal children were told to replace
their traditional clothes with the Christian clothes. They were also told to use Christian language
instead of their own

Residential Schools In Aboriginal Schools
When we look back in Canada's past, one of the most racialized groups in our history is Aboriginals.
The Aboriginal people of Canada were singled out due to the fact their skin color and ways of living
were different than others. Because of this difference in lifestyle and race, the Aboriginal people of
Canada would be subjects to a traumatic experience which would change their lives. Not only would
this change their lives but with it would bring them a lot of pain and suffering. This life changing
experience is caused by government funded schools called Residential Schools. The intent of this
essay is to look at how these schools came to be and how the aggressive assimilation by these
schools caused many consequences for the aboriginal people. With that being said, we will begin
this essay with a brief review of how these schools came to be To begin, when talking about
residential schools it's important to learn how they came about. After the implementation of the
Indian Act in 1867, Aboriginal people became wards of the state. This meant that the government
took over the responsibility for their education, with that they used this as a way to integrate them
into Canadian society (Miller, 2012). From here, communities started to see Indian agents arrive. It
was up to these agents to decide who would be sent to the schools. However, for the children to be
allowed to attend these schools, parents had to sign a consent form. In some cases, if parents refused
to send their

Argumentative Essay On Residential Schools
Residential Schools
"Where are they taking me, mom?! Help!" These were the screams of an Aboriginal child when he
was dragged to a car that drove him away from his family. Aboriginal kids were forcefully abducted
and placed at poorly built and equipped residential schools. Residential schools are a network of
boarding schools for Indigenous peoples. Like a disease, these schools spread so fast on Canadian
land. They were every Indigenous child's nightmare. Kids who attended were traumatized due to the
mental, physical, and sexual abuse they suffered. Canadians felt superior to Aboriginals which lead
them to use their power excessively to civilize these communities. This issue is considered to be one
of the darkest chapters in Canadian history. It has a significant impact on Aboriginal communities.
Indians suffered a loss of culture and identity. This issue violates various human rights such as;
Freedom of language, freedom of culture and religion, freedom of choice, and the freedom of safety
and health. The two groups in this controversy are the aggressors; Canadian government, and it's
churches, and the victims; the aboriginals. The question is, is the Canadian government doing
enough to make it up to those who suffered the ill effects of residential schools?
In 1876, residential schools became an obligation to every Indian kid. They were forced to say their
last goodbyes to their families. Over 150 000 students were forced to attend these poorly built and
equipped

Residential School Apology Analysis
On behalf of the Government of Canada this apology is in the hopes of reconciling the broken
relationship between the government and our First Nations People. The treatment that children faced
in residential schools is the darkest part of our country's history. Throughout the century that
residential schools existed, over 150,000 Aboriginal families were separated. These children were
being removed and isolated from their homes, families, culture, and traditions in the purpose of
them adopting the dominant culture. Tragically, while attending these residential schools, some of
these children died and others never returned home. The few stories of positive experiences from
residential schools is out shined by the numerous horrid accounts of the physical, sexual and
emotional abuse causing lasting suffering passed down from generations.. We apologize for
neglecting these helpless children. For this we are very sorry. We are sorry for not only the terrible,
abusive experiences you had to go through but also the burden it put on you to have no power from
stopping your children from suffering in the same way.
Our ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As we are forever sorry for everything that happened to our First Nations People, where can we go
next? Reconciliation is a process and takes time, and as a country we promise to provide the
resources and opportunities to begin the process of moving towards reconciliation, and healing from
the affects of Indian Residential Schools. Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement began
on September 19, 2007 and has and will continue to give us the opportunity to move forward in
partnership as one country and one community. We apologize and ask for forgiveness for failing the
Aboriginal peoples of this country.
Sincerely, the Government of

Residential Schools Were Government Endorsed Schools For...
Residential schools were government endorsed schools for Aboriginal children. When children were
sent to the residential schools, they were taken away from their parents and placed into a strange,
unsupportive environment where the standing parental figures were often abusive towards them.
The Legacy of Hope Foundation (2015) says "First Nations, Inuit, and Métis children were often
away from their parents for long periods of time and this prevented the discovering and learning of
valuable parenting skills" (para. 1). These children never had a good parental figure growing up, so
they never learned the skills needed to be one. Therefore, when they had children of their own, they
did not know how to support them. In a regional study by the First Nations Centre, it was observed
that almost half of the adults who's parents had attended residential schools believed that the schools
had an effect on how they were parented as children. They also believe that their grandparent's
attendance at residential schools had an effect on the parenting their own parents had received (The
First Nations Centre, 2002/2003, "The Impact of Residential Schools", para.1). Based on the
evidence in this study, one can conclude that attendance at a residential school lead to a poor quality
of parenting because the attendees of residential schools did not have a positive parental figure to
learn parenting skills from. The past students of the residential schools did not know how to
effectively

Residential Schools in Canada Essay
Sociology
Dr.C.Barry McClinchey
Residential Schools in Canada Before the nineteenth century, the Aboriginal people had their own
way of teaching the children in their community, through organic education. In addition to providing
knowledge and skills, organic education kept their culture alive (Ravelli & Webber, 2013: pg.
237). This is because the Aboriginal children would also be taught about their culture and its
customs. But the Europeans thought, "Canada's First Nation peoples were in the way of the
relentless onrush of capitalist and industrial expansion (Ravelli & Webber, 2013: pg. 238)."
This is when the residential education system was established. Since the organic education was what
made the Aboriginal culture ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
238). These children were harshly abused by the nuns in these schools and were terrified of being
there. There were many sociological concepts applied in the film, Education As We See It.
Language is an important part to culture. Language extinction is a concept presented in the film.
When a language is lost, then its culture will start losing its organization. Killing the language of the
Aboriginals will lead end their culture, which is what the Europeans wanted. By forcing the
Aboriginal children to speak English, the language they spoke with their parents will be lost (Ravelli
& Webber, 2013: pg. 131). An Aboriginal that went to a residential school described how they
weren't allowed to speak a word of their language at all and they were restricted from seeing their
parents on a regular basis (Bob, Geraldine & Marcuse, 1993). The nuns greatly enforced that
these children not speak their language, so that they could completely forget about it.
Looking–glass self was a concept that was applied. Looking glass self is how people describe who
they are by how others describe them. According to C.H. Cooley, have to envision themselves
through social interactions because the mind does not create the "self" (Ravelli & Webber,
2013: pg. 153). An Aboriginal said that when she was younger and first went to the school, the
teacher checked attendance and when she said her name, she answered "here" in her language and
the nun gave

History Of Residential Schools

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