Short Paper: (Week 6) The topics of management and leadership are important to a healthy and productive organization. Students will write a paper focused on the human side of management and leadership using information from the course material, plus any supplemental material provided to you or from your own research. By completing this assignment, students will meet the outcome(s): •identify the critical business functions and how they interact in order to position the organization to be effective in the current business environment •explain the importance of the integration of individuals and systems to organizational effectiveness •describe the ethical and social responsibilities that confront a business Required Elements of the Short Paper: •Identify the aspects of the human side of management and leadership that you value from the readings; •Explain why you value these aspects;•Apply the material learned in the course to support the reasoning of why you value these aspects.Required Formatting of Paper: •This report should be double spaced, 12-point font, and two to three pages in length excluding the title page and reference page; •Title page; •Use APA formatting for in-text citations and a reference page. You are expected to paraphrase and not use quotes. Deductions will be taken when quotes are used and found to be unnecessary; •Submit the paper in the Assignment Folder. criteria outstanding superior Good substandard Failure Critical Thinking/Reasoning 7 points demonstrates a high degree of critical thinking, is consistent in accurately interpreting questions & material; provides solid assumptions, reasoning & claims; provides thorough analysis & evaluation with sound conclusions 5.95 points shows good critical thinking; accurately interprets most questions & material; usually identifies relevant arguments/reasoning/claims; offers good analysis & evaluation with fairly sound conclusions 5.25 points shows occasional critical thinking; questions & material is at times accurately interpreted; arguments/reasoning/claims are occasionally explained; offers fair analysis & evaluation with a conclusion 4.55 points shows little critical thinking, misinterprets questions or material; ignores or superficially evaluates; justifies little and seldom explains reasoning; draws unwarranted conclusions 3.85 points lacks critical thinking consistently offers biased interpretations; ignores or superficially evaluates; argues using poor reasoning, and/or unwarranted claims Application of Concepts/Development 7 points arguments or positions are well-supported with evidence from the readings/experience; ideas go beyond the course material and recognize implications and extensions of the material and concepts 5.95 points arguments or positions are mostly supported by evidence from the readings and course content; ideas presented demonstrate student’s understanding of the material and concepts 5.25 points arguments are more often based on opin.

1. Short Paper: (Week 6)
The topics of management and leadership are important to a
healthy and productive organization. Students will write a
paper focused on the human side of management and leadership
using information from the course material, plus any
supplemental material provided to you or from your own
research.
By completing this assignment, students will meet the
outcome(s):
•identify the critical business functions and how they interact in
order to position the organization to be effective in the current
business environment
•explain the importance of the integration of individuals and
systems to organizational effectiveness
•describe the ethical and social responsibilities that confront a
business
Required Elements of the Short Paper:
•Identify the aspects of the human side of management and
leadership that you value from the readings; •Explain why you
value these aspects;•Apply the material learned in the course to
support the reasoning of why you value these aspects.Required
Formatting of Paper:
•This report should be double spaced, 12-point font, and two to
three pages in length excluding the title page and reference

2. page;
•Title page;
•Use APA formatting for in-text citations and a reference page.
You are expected to paraphrase and not use quotes. Deductions
will be taken when quotes are used and found to be
unnecessary;
•Submit the paper in the Assignment Folder.
criteria
outstanding
superior
Good
substandard
Failure
Critical Thinking/Reasoning
7 points
demonstrates a high degree of critical thinking, is consistent in
accurately interpreting questions & material; provides solid
assumptions, reasoning & claims; provides thorough analysis &
evaluation with sound conclusions
5.95 points
shows good critical thinking; accurately interprets most
questions & material; usually identifies relevant
arguments/reasoning/claims; offers good analysis & evaluation
with fairly sound conclusions
5.25 points
shows occasional critical thinking; questions & material is at
times accurately interpreted; arguments/reasoning/claims are
occasionally explained; offers fair analysis & evaluation with a
conclusion
4.55 points
shows little critical thinking, misinterprets questions or

3. material; ignores or superficially evaluates; justifies little and
seldom explains reasoning; draws unwarranted conclusions
3.85 points
lacks critical thinking consistently offers biased interpretations;
ignores or superficially evaluates; argues using poor reasoning,
and/or unwarranted claims
Application of Concepts/Development
7 points
arguments or positions are well-supported with evidence from
the readings/experience; ideas go beyond the course material
and recognize implications and extensions of the material and
concepts
5.95 points
arguments or positions are mostly supported by evidence from
the readings and course content; ideas presented demonstrate
student’s understanding of the material and concepts
5.25 points
arguments are more often based on opinion or unclear views
than on position grounded in the readings of material or
external sources of material
4.55 points
arguments are frequently illogical and unsubstantiated; student
may resort to ad hominem attacks on the author instead of
making meaningful application of the material
3.85 points
a meaningful attempt to explain or support ideas does not exist
Attention to Instructions
3 points
demonstrated full understanding of requirements; responded to
each aspect of assignment
2.55 points
demonstrated understanding of requirements; missed one minor
aspect of assignment
2.25 points
demonstrated some understanding of requirements; missed a key
element or two minor aspects of assignment

4. 1.95 points
failed to show a firm understanding of requirements; missed two
key elements or several minor aspects of assignment
1.65 points
did not demonstrate understanding of assignment requirements
Clarity; including grammar
2 points
writing is clear and easy to follow; grammar and spelling are all
correct; formatting gives a professional look and adds to
readability
1.7 points
most ideas are presented clearly; occasional spelling and/or
grammar issues
1.5 points
wordy; some points require rereading to understand fully; more
than an occasional spelling and/or grammar
1.3 points
unclear and difficult to understand; frequent spelling and
grammar issues
1.1 points
largely incomprehensible writing/poorly written in terms of
mechanics and structure
Adherence to APA style (6th ed.)
1 point
no APA style errors
0.85 points
attempts in-text citation and reference list but 1 or 2 APA style
errors are present
0.75 points
attempts in-text citation and reference list; APA style errors are
present; inconsistencies in citation usage can be found
throughout the document
0.65 points
attempts either in-text citation or reference list but omits the
other

5. 0.55 points
no attempt at APA style
Overall Score
Outstanding
18 or more
Superior
16 or more
Good
14 or more
Substandard
12 or more
Failure
0 or more
187.221.0.0/16 subnetted to 62 subnets and provide information
for subnets #1, #2, #60, and #62
255.255.0.0
Bits
128
64
32
16
8
4
2
1
Subnets

6. 128
192
224
240

7. 248
252
254

8. 255
Powers of 2
Subnets
Hosts -2
2
4

9. 8
16
32
64

10. 128
Effects of Subnetting a Class B Network
Subnet Mask CIDR Net Bits Host Bits # of Nets Hosts/Net Total
Hosts
255.255.0.0 /16 0 16 1 65534 65534
255.255.128.0 /17 1 15 0(2*) 32766 0(65534*)
255.255.192.0 /18 2 14 2(4*) 16382 32764(65528*)
255.255.224.0 /19 3 13 6(8*) 8190 49140(65520*)
255.255.240.0 /20 4 12 14(16*) 4094 57316(65504*)
255.255.248.0 /21 5 11 30(32*) 2046 61380(65472*)
255.255.252.0 /22 6 10 62(64*) 1022 63364(65408*)
255.255.254.0 /23 7 9 126(128*) 510 64260(65280*)
255.255.255.0 /24 8 8 254(256*) 254 64516(65024*)
255.255.255.128 /25 9 7 510(512*) 126 64260(64512*)
255.255.255.192 /26 10 6 1022(1024*) 62 63364(63488*)
255.255.255.224 /27 11 5 2046(2048*) 30 61380(61440*)
255.255.255.240 /28 12 4 4094(4096*) 14 57316(57344*)
255.255.255.248 /29 13 3 8190(8192*) 6 49140(49152*)
255.255.255.252 /30 14 2 16382(16384*) 2 32764(32768*)

11. 255.255.255.254 /31 15 1 32766(32768*) 0* 0(32768**)
255.255.255.255 /32 16 0 65534(65536*) 1*** 65534(65536*)
[*] According to classic IP routing rules you are not able to use
the subnets with all zeros or ones in the network portion.
However most modern machines have no trouble actually using
the upper and lower subnets. Steven C. Jensen has a very good
discussion of lower/upper subnet use , including notes on how
to convince Cisco routers to do it. (I'm not sure this applies for
/32 though....)
[**] Note that you should not use a host address with all zeros
as that means this host in many IP implementations (and is
considered the broadcast address in some antiquated systems
[SunOS-2?]), and neither can you use a host address with all
ones, as that's the broadcast address for the subnet. The host
address of all zeros, in combination with the network address,
are also used to specify the complete subnet address (RFC
1105).
This means that a 31-bit netmask is essentially useless since it
leaves only two addresses per net: one for the network number,
and the other for the broadcast address. In theory though you
could specify a host address as the same as the network address
if the IP implementation of the host(s) in question does not map
an all-zeros host number to be equivalent to the localhost. I
wouldn't advise this though unless you're really strapped for
subnets. It's far safer and more general to use /30 nets instead.
[***] An all-one's netmask (i.e. all 32 bits) specifies a host
address.
Example:

12. Valid subnets on a network 172.16.0.0/18 (i.e. with a subnet
mask of 255.255.192.0) are:
Subnet 1: 172.16.64.0 with addresses 172.16.64.1 ->
172.16.100.254
Subnet 2: 197.16.128.0 with addresses 172.16.128.1 ->
172.16.128.254
Visit the Class C Subnetting summary table.
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Conversion Table
Decimal - Hexadecimal - Binary
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----
Dec Hex Bin Dec Hex Bin Dec Hex Bin Dec Hex Bin
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----

13. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----
0 0 00000000 64 40 01000000 128 80 10000000 192 c0
11000000
1 1 00000001 65 41 01000001 129 81 10000001 193 c1
11000001
2 2 00000010 66 42 01000010 130 82 10000010 194 c2
11000010
3 3 00000011 67 43 01000011 131 83 10000011 195 c3
11000011
4 4 00000100 68 44 01000100 132 84 10000100 196 c4
11000100
5 5 00000101 69 45 01000101 133 85 10000101 197 c5
11000101
6 6 00000110 70 46 01000110 134 86 10000110 198 c6
11000110
7 7 00000111 71 47 01000111 135 87 10000111 199 c7
11000111
8 8 00001000 72 48 01001000 136 88 10001000 200 c8
11001000
9 9 00001001 73 49 01001001 137 89 10001001 201 c9
11001001
10 a 00001010 74 4a 01001010 138 8a 10001010 202 ca
11001010
11 b 00001011 75 4b 01001011 139 8b 10001011 203 cb
11001011
12 c 00001100 76 4c 01001100 140 8c 10001100 204 cc
11001100
13 d 00001101 77 4d 01001101 141 8d 10001101 205 cd
11001101
14 e 00001110 78 4e 01001110 142 8e 10001110 206 ce
11001110

14. 15 f 00001111 79 4f 01001111 143 8f 10001111 207 cf
11001111
16 10 00010000 80 50 01010000 144 90 10010000 208 d0
11010000
17 11 00010001 81 51 01010001 145 91 10010001 209 d1
11010001
18 12 00010010 82 52 01010010 146 92 10010010 210 d2
11010010
19 13 00010011 83 53 01010011 147 93 10010011 211 d3
11010011
20 14 00010100 84 54 01010100 148 94 10010100 212 d4
11010100
21 15 00010101 85 55 01010101 149 95 10010101 213 d5
11010101
22 16 00010110 86 56 01010110 150 96 10010110 214 d6
11010110
23 17 00010111 87 57 01010111 151 97 10010111 215 d7
11010111
24 18 00011000 88 58 01011000 152 98 10011000 216 d8
11011000
25 19 00011001 89 59 01011001 153 99 10011001 217 d9
11011001
26 1a 00011010 90 5a 01011010 154 9a 10011010 218 da
11011010
27 1b 00011011 91 5b 01011011 155 9b 10011011 219 db
11011011
28 1c 00011100 92 5c 01011100 156 9c 10011100 220 dc
11011100
29 1d 00011101 93 5d 01011101 157 9d 10011101 221 dd
11011101
30 1e 00011110 94 5e 01011110 158 9e 10011110 222 de
11011110
31 1f 00011111 95 5f 01011111 159 9f 10011111 223 df
11011111
32 20 00100000 96 60 01100000 160 a0 10100000 224 e0
11100000

15. 33 21 00100001 97 61 01100001 161 a1 10100001 225 e1
11100001
34 22 00100010 98 62 01100010 162 a2 10100010 226 e2
11100010
35 23 00100011 99 63 01100011 163 a3 10100011 227 e3
11100011
36 24 00100100 100 64 01100100 164 a4 10100100 228 e4
11100100
37 25 00100101 101 65 01100101 165 a5 10100101 229 e5
11100101
38 26 00100110 102 66 01100110 166 a6 10100110 230 e6
11100110
39 27 00100111 103 67 01100111 167 a7 10100111 231 e7
11100111
40 28 00101000 104 68 01101000 168 a8 10101000 232 e8
11101000
41 29 00101001 105 69 01101001 169 a9 10101001 233 e9
11101001
42 2a 00101010 106 6a 01101010 170 aa 10101010 234 ea
11101010
43 2b 00101011 107 6b 01101011 171 ab 10101011 235 eb
11101011
44 2c 00101100 108 6c 01101100 172 ac 10101100 236 ec
11101100
45 2d 00101101 109 6d 01101101 173 ad 10101101 237 ed
11101101
46 2e 00101110 110 6e 01101110 174 ae 10101110 238 ee
11101110
47 2f 00101111 111 6f 01101111 175 af 10101111 239 ef
11101111
48 30 00110000 112 70 01110000 176 b0 10110000 240 f0
11110000
49 31 00110001 113 71 01110001 177 b1 10110001 241 f1
11110001
50 32 00110010 114 72 01110010 178 b2 10110010 242 f2
11110010

16. 51 33 00110011 115 73 01110011 179 b3 10110011 243 f3
11110011
52 34 00110100 116 74 01110100 180 b4 10110100 244 f4
11110100
53 35 00110101 117 75 01110101 181 b5 10110101 245 f5
11110101
54 36 00110110 118 76 01110110 182 b6 10110110 246 f6
11110110
55 37 00110111 119 77 01110111 183 b7 10110111 247 f7
11110111
56 38 00111000 120 78 01111000 184 b8 10111000 248 f8
11111000
57 39 00111001 121 79 01111001 185 b9 10111001 249 f9
11111001
58 3a 00111010 122 7a 01111010 186 ba 10111010 250 fa
11111010
59 3b 00111011 123 7b 01111011 187 bb 10111011 251 fb
11111011
60 3c 00111100 124 7c 01111100 188 bc 10111100 252 fc
11111100
61 3d 00111101 125 7d 01111101 189 bd 10111101 253 fd
11111101
62 3e 00111110 126 7e 01111110 190 be 10111110 254 fe
11111110
63 3f 00111111 127 7f 01111111 191 bf 10111111 255 ff
11111111
1. 00000001
2. 00000010

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