1.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Dr. Binu Babu
Ph. D (N), MSN, MBA
Mrs. Jincy Ealias
MSN, RN
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2.
Literature review
• Literature reviews are the form of
disciplined inquiry that involves studying
something in a planned manner and
reporting it so that other inquirers can
potentially replicate the process if they
choose (Frey et al 2000)
• A review of literature is a comprehensive
description as well as an evaluation of the
evidence related to a given topic.
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3.
Purpose of a Literature Review
• To attain a good knowledge of the field of inquiry –
facts, scholars, etc.
• To identify the methodologies common to the field
• To verify that the proposed research is really
needed.
• Literature reviews helps to narrow a problem
• Literature reviews generate hypotheses, Research
questions or questions for further studies.
• Literature reviews commence a long-term study of
interest.
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4.
The sources
Electronic database
1. MEDLINE
2. CINHAL
3. Science Direct
4. Medscape
5. Scopus etc.
Printed sources
1. Journals
2. Text Books
3. Magazine
4. News Articles etc
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5.
Sources of literature review
Sources
Electronic
database
Books
Magazines
and
newspapers
Journals
Conference
paper
Research
reports
Thesis
Encyclopedi
a &
dictionary
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6.
General Guidelines to
Writing a Literature Review
• Introduce the literature review by pointing
out the major research topic that will be
discussed
• Identify the broad problem area but don’t be
too global (for example, discussing the history of
education when the topic is on specific instructional
strategy)
• Discuss the general importance of your
topic for those in your field
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7.
• Don’t attempt to cover everything written on
topic
• Need to pick out the research most relevant to
the topic you are studying
• Use the studies in literature review as
“evidence” that the research question is an
important one.
• Literature reviews is important to cover
research relevant to all the variables being
studied.
• Research that explains the relationship
between these variables is a top priority.
• Need to plan the structure of literature review
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8.
Organizing Literature Review
• Topical Order: organize by main topics or issues;
emphasize the relationship of the issues to the main
“problem”
• Chronological Order: organize the literature by the dates
the research was published
• Problem-Cause-Solution Order: Organize the review so
that it moves from the problem to the solution.
• General-to-Specific Order: Examine broad-based
research first and then focus on specific studies that
relate to the topic
• Specific-to-General Order: Try to make discuss specific
research studies so conclusions can be drawn
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9.
Understanding the concepts
of problem and key words
Identify the relevant sources
Searching the literature
Analyze and synthesis the
literature
Writing the literature
review
Steps of literature review
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10.
Steps of literature review
Step – 1:- Understanding the concepts of problem and key words
• Identify the key terms and variables and its characteristics
Step – 2:- Identify the relevant sources
• Locate the sources (electronic or printed)
Step – 3:- Searching the literature
• Collect the appropriate information's related to our research problem.
Step – 4:- Analyze and synthesis the literature
• Analyze and synthesis the collected data, for this we can use PQRS system
• Preview
• Question
• Read
• Summarize
Step – 5:- Writing the literature review
• While writing a literature review researcher should avoid long and confusing word.
Sentences must be a clear, the spelling and grammar must get clear.
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11.
Elements
of
Literature
Review
INTRODUCTION
BODY
CONCLUSION
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12.
Common Errors
• Review isn’t logically organized
• Review isn’t focused on most important facets of
the study
• Review doesn’t relate literature to the study
• Too few references or outdated references cited
• Review isn’t written in author’s own words
• Review reads like a series of disjointed summaries
• Review doesn’t argue a point
• Recent references are omitted
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13.
References
• Grove SK, Gray JR. Understanding nursing
research: Building an evidence-based practice.
7th ed. St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier; 2018.2.
• Polit DF, Beck C. Nursing research: Generating
and assessing evidence for nursing practice.
10th ed. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health;
2017.3.
• Sharma SK. Nursing research et statistics. New
Delhi: Elsevier; 2014.
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14.
THANK YOU
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