1. LECTURE
3

2. BY THE END OF THIS
LECTURE YOU WILL BE
ABLE TO USE :

3. 1
4
Countable and
Uncountable nouns
Phrases of
quantities
Some-Any Many-Much
A few- A little2
3
Future meanings

4. 1. Countable and
uncountable nouns

5. Noun
Countable Uncountable
Singular Plural

6. COUNTABLE NOUN
Countable nouns are those which we
can count. They have singular and plural
forms.
Countable nouns can be made plural,
usually by adding - or at the end and
takes articles
Example:
I eat apples every day.
S es
four bananas
an
a, an

7. UNCOUNTABLE NOUN
 Uncountable nouns are those which we cannot count.
after uncountable nouns.
 We or a number in front of an uncountable
nouns. They have only singular forms. For example:
-Do you drink some a milks
before you sleep?
- I always put a sugars in my tea.
Don’t take “s”
do not use
‘a’/‘an’

8. LET’S PRACTICE

9. Correct the mistakes
1.Do you have a salt?
2.I want some cheeses.
3.I’m hungry. I’d like a soup.
4.Could I have a bananas, please?
5.I’d like a water, please.
6.Would you like some hams?
7.I drink a cup of coffees in the morning.

10. 3. Some-Any
Many-Much
A few- A little

11. SOME
 We use some in affirmative sentences with uncountable nouns and
plural countable nouns.
- There is some spinach left.
- There are some carrots in the fridge.
-Can I have some milk please? (request)

12. ANY
 We use any in questions and negations with uncountable nouns and
plural countable nouns.
-Are there any biscuits?
-Yes, but there isn’t any milk.
-Is there any salt? - Yes, there is some salt.

13. Fill in the gaps with some and any.
some
some
any
any
any
some
1. A: Would you like ……….tomato
sauce on your spaghetti?
B: Yes, please.
2. A: Are there …….. apricots in the fridge?
B: No, I’m afraid there aren’t ……. .
3. A: Can I have ……… cake, please?
B: Of course you can.
4. A: We don’t have ……. apple juice.
B: I’ll go to the supermarket and buy ….. .

14. MANY/MUCH
 We use with nouns in questions and
negations.
 We use with nouns in questions and
negations.
many
much
How many eggs are there?
There aren’t many candies
left.
How much butter is there?
There isn’t much sugar left.
countable
uncountable

15. A FEW – A LITTLE
• A few
Before countable nouns, a few means
“a small number.”
- We have a few slices of cheese.
A little
Before uncountable nouns a little means
“a small amount.”
- We have a little butter in the fridge.

17. FILL IN SOME, ANY, MUCH, MANY, A FEW, A
LITTLE.
A: Have we got, what we need for the cheeseburger?
B: Let me see. Well, there are ………….. Burgers, but
there aren’t ………….rolls at all.
A: How………… rolls do you need?
B: Just …………. . I need ……….. cheese, too.
A: How ……… cheese is there in the fridge?
B: Not …………., but I only need …………. .
A: Is there …………ketchup left?
B: Only …………., but don’t need much, so don’t buy
… … . We haven’t got ………. mustard
at all, though.
A: I’ll buy ……………, then.
some
any
many
a few some
much
much a little
any
a little
much any
some

18. 2.2. Phrases of
quantities

19. PHRASES OF QUANTITIES
We use countable and uncountable
nouns after phrases of quantity such as:
For example:
a jar/ a bottle / a piece / a loaf / a cup /
a kilo / a carton / a bowl, a can etc.
a loaf of bread a bowl of soup a can of fruit juice

20. a
jar of
a
carton
a slice of
a piece
of
лонхтой Баглаатай
хайрцаг
тай
хэрчим
шилтэй
xэсэг
a
bottle of
a
loaf of
FOOD EXPRESSIONS

21. VOCABULARY

22. LET’S PRACTISE

23. PHRASES OF QUANTITY
1. 2. 3.
4. 5. 6.
a bottle of a cup of a carton of
a glass of a slice of a jar of

24. smoked fish grilled shrimp
baked potatoes picked cabbage

25. barbecued beef boiled eggs
steamed vegetables fried noodles

26. FUTURE MEANINGS: FUTURE SIMPLE;
{PRESENT CONTINUOUS; BE GOING TO;
PRESENT SIMPLE
Future simple
(subject + will + base form of the verb)

27. FUTURE SIMPLE
Affirmative
go
I / You / He/ She/It/ We/They will eat
( ‘ll ) play
Negative
go
I / You / He/ She/It/ We/They will not eat
( won’t ) play
Question
go?
Will I / You / He/ She/It/ We/They eat?
play?
Short answers Yes, I/you/he/she/it/we/they will.
No, I/you/he/she/it/we/they won’t.

28. FUTURE SIMPLE
Usage 1

29. FUTURE SIMPLE
Usage 2
We use the future simple:
for decisions about the future made at the time of
speaking. ( on-the-spot decisions)
• A: What are you doing tonight?
B: Not sure, I’ll probably watch a DVD.
• A: It’s hot in here.
B: I’ll open the window.

30. FUTURE SIMPLE
Usage 3
We use the future simple:
for offers and promises
• Come on, I’ll help you with those bags. (offer)
• I will always love you. (promise)

31. BE GOING TO
Subject + be going to + base form
of the verb

32. BE GOING TO
Affirmative
I am go
He/ She/It/ is going to eat
You/We/They are play
Negative
I am not go
He/ She/It/ is not going to eat
You/We/They are not play
Question
Am I go?
Is He/ She/It/ going to eat?
Are You/We/They play?
Short answers Yes, I am/you are /he is/we are etc.
No, I’m/you aren’t/he isn’t/we aren’t etc.

33. BE GOING TO
Usage 1
We use be going to:
for decisions about the future made before the time of
speaking. (plans and intentions)
• I’m going to invite lots of people to my party next week.
• We’ve won the lottery, we are going to buy a new car.

34. BE GOING TO
Usage 2
We use be going to:
for predictions based on present evidence.
• Look at those black clouds! It’s going to rain.
• Sarah is going to have a baby.

35. PRESENT CONTINUOUS FOR
FUTURE
( subject + be +verb-ing )

36. PRESENT CONTINUOUS FOR FUTURE
Affirmative
I am going
He/ She/It/ is eating
You/We/They are playing
Negative
I am not going
He/ She/It/ is not eating
You/We/They are not playing
Question
Am I going?
Is He/ She/It eating?
Are You/We/They playing?
Short answers Yes, I am/you are /he is/we are etc.
No, I’m/you aren’t/he isn’t/we aren’t etc.

37. PRESENT CONTINUOUS FOR
FUTURE
Usage 1
We use present continuous:
for actions that we have already arranged to do in the near future,
especially when the time and place have been decided.
• They’re moving into their new house next week.
• I’m meeting Jim at the airport.

38. PRESENT SIMPLE FOR FUTURE

39. PRESENT SIMPLE FOR FUTURE
Usage
We use the present simple:
for timetable, fixed events and schedules
• The football match starts at 3:00 on Saturday.
• Quick hurry! Our train leaves in 10 minutes.

40. TIME EXPRESSIONS
 tomorrow
 the day after tomorrow
 tonight
 soon
 next week/month/year
 in a week/month/year… etc
He will go to the bank tomorrow.
Are you going to visit your friends next weekend?
Sam is going to the market in a few minutes.

41. PRACTICE
1. Do you think the car ……………..(start) if I turn the key?
2. I’ve got to go now, but I …. .………. (see) you next week?
3. Look out! That ladder ………………….(fall).
4. Prognosticator says the weather …………………... …..(get) worse in
the next few days.
5. “I ……………..(be) a pilot when I grow” said little boy.
6. The train ……………(leave) in five minutes-let’s go!
7. Now, let’s look at the timetable. We ……….. (arrive) in Rome at 6: 45
and we ………… depart at 7: 30 for Naples.
8. We …………… ……………....(plan) to buy a house this year.
9. You……………………….(fall) the exam if you don’t study harder!
10. I ………… (carry) those bags for you. They must be very heavy.
will start
will fail
‘ll see
is going to fall
is going to get/is getting
‘m going to be
leaves
arrive
depart
are planning/are going to plan
‘ll carry

42. WILL, BE GOING TO AND PRESENT CONTINUOUS FOR FUTURE
Future simple Be going to Present continuous
intention
(decided at the time of
speaking: on-the spot
decisions, offers, promises)
Come on, I’ll help you with
those bags.
I will always love you.
(decided before the time
of speaking: plans and
intentions )
I can’t make it on
Saturday . I’m going to
help my parents around the
house.
prediction
(based on what we believe
or think)
Robots will do most of the
work in the future.
(based on present
evidence)
Look at the clouds! It’s
going to rain
arrangement
(plans and
arrangements for
events at a time
later than now)
We are getting