beneficial for reasoning preparation for ssc and cat exams

1. VERBAL REASONING
ANALOGYANALOGY

2. BASIC MEANING OF ANALOGY
• IT MEANS THAT 2 THINGS ARE
RELATED IN SOME MANNER OR
PATTERNPATTERN
• TO SOLVE THE PROBLEMS WE NEED
TO IDENTIFY THAT RELATION OR
PATTERN AND APPLY ON THE GIVEN
CONDITION

4. • Analogy Definition
• Let us first try to define analogy: the word 'Analogy' means
'correspondence’.
• In analogy questions, a specific
relationship is given
• & another similar relationship has
to be identified from the given
options.
.

5. • Types of Analogies
•Alphabet analogy
• Numbers analogy.• Numbers analogy.

6. Number Analogy
• two types of questions:
• I. basis of the relation between the numbers
pair given in the question.
• II. Choose a number that is similar to a group
of numbers on the basis of certain similar
properties that they possess

7. • Example: Find a pair that is similar to the
given pair of numbers:- 180:90
• (a) 64 : 37
• (b) 2 : 1
• (c) 23 : 10• (c) 23 : 10
• (d) 137 : 112
• Sol.: Clearly, the relationship here is 2x :x.
• This same relationship exists in option
(b).

8. • Alphabet Analogy:
• In this type of analogy, two groups of letters
related to each other in same way, are given.
• The candidate is required to identify the
relationship & choose a group of letters
which is related in the same way to a 3rdwhich is related in the same way to a 3rd
group given in the question.
• These questions become easier to solve if you
memorize the alphabetic positions of the
letters in the alphabet. (eg: A=1, M=13, etc.)

9. • Example: BCDE: PQRS :: WXYZ : ?
• (a) EFGH
• (b) KLMN
• (c) QJSP
• (d) TSUV
• Sol. Each letter of the 1st group is moved 14• Sol. Each letter of the 1st group is moved 14
steps forward to obtain the corresponding
letter of the 2nd group. A similar relationship
will exist between the 3rd and 4th groups.
• Hence, the correct answer is option (b).

10. ANALOGY SOLVED EXAMPLES
• Q.1. Which number is like the given set of numbers?
Given set: (5, 19, 37)
• (a) 7
• (b) 14
• (c) 46• (c) 46
• (d) 45
• Answer: Option (a)
Solution: We can see that all the numbers in the given
set are prime numbers. 7 is also a prime number .
Hence, the answer is (a).

11. • Q.2. Which set of numbers is like the set given
below?
(60, 30, 15)
• (a) (44, 22, 3)
• (b) (46, 22, 12)
• (c) (20, 10, 5)
• (d) (42, 21, 10)
• Answer: Option (c)• Answer: Option (c)
Solution: Clearly, in the given set, 1st number is
twice the 2nd and the 2nd number is twice the
3rd number.
• (40, 20, 10).
Hence, the answer is (c).

12. • Q.3. 28: 4:: 343 : ?
• (a) 23
• (b) 49
• (c) 97
• (d) 113
• Answer: Option (b)• Answer: Option (b)
Solution: The relationship is 7x : x. So, the
answer is 49.

13. • Q.5. RJPL : NNLP : : YAWC : ?
• (a) SEUG
• (b) VEUS
• (c) UGSA
• (d) UESG
• Answer: Option (d)• Answer: Option (d)
• The 1st & 3rd letters of the 1st group are each moved four
steps backward to obtain the corresponding letters of the 2nd
group.
• The 2nd and 4th letters of the 1st group are each moved 4
steps forward

14. RJPL : NNLP : : YAWC : ?
• APPROACH TECHNIQUE
• R ---18 DEC N --14
• J ---10 INCR N -- 14• J ---10 INCR N -- 14
• P ---16 DECR L – 12
• L ---12 INCR P -- 16

15. LOGIC TO SOLVE LETTER PROBLEMS
• WRITE DOWN THE LETTERS OF GROUP 1 AND
GROUP 2
• NOW WRITE THE ALPHABETICAL ORDER
NUMBERS OF BOTH GROUPSNUMBERS OF BOTH GROUPS
• TRY TO IDENTIFY THE RELATION BETWEEN THE
NUMBERS OF THE GROUPS
• TRY TO FIND ANY OTHER RELATION LIKE
SHIFTING OF POSITIONS , REVERSING THE
ORDER ETC:

16. Alphabetical positions orderwise FROM FRONT
• LETTER POSITION TRICK
• F --------------6 -----------------------FIX = SIX
• G----------------7------------------------G7 nations
• H-----------------8-----------------------H (SHAPE -8)
• I -----------------9-------------------Never say I(N =9)• I -----------------9-------------------Never say I(N =9)
• K----------------11 ------------------2 Hands (11)
• L ---------------12 ------------L----TWELVE(speak)
• M------------- 13-----------Middle ( 26/2= 13)
• P----------------16----------PRINCE (rajkumar)

17. • Q--------------17----------QUEEN(17 years)
• R --------------18----------RAJA (18 YEARS)
• S----------19------Sister of Queen(19 years)
• T----------20------------T 20 MATCH
• U----------21---------u should vote because• U----------21---------u should vote because
u are 21 years old
• V -------- 22 --------VETO POWER -----V2 V2
• W--------23 --------WORK FROM 23 AGE

18. • ALPHABETS AT THE MULTIPLE OF 5 POSITIONS
•EJOTY ----5,10,15,20,25
•LEARN THE SQUARES•LEARN THE SQUARES
AND CUBES TILL 25

19. QUESTIONS FOR PRACTISE
• Q.1. BH : JP : : EK : ?
• (a) PS
• (b) MS
• (c) KV• (c) KV
• (d) ST
• Answer: Option (b)
Solution: Each letter of the 1st group is moved 8
steps forward to obtain the corresponding letter
of the 2nd group. So, the correct answer is 'MS'

20. • Q.2. Find the 2nd number of the 2nd pair:-
9876 : 7654 : : 4673 :?
• (a) 2637
• (b) 2451
• (c) 2351
• (d) None of these• (d) None of these
• Option: B
Solution: The relationship between 1st & 2nd
group is x : (x - 2222). So the correct answer is
(b)

21. • Q.3. Find a pair that is similar to:- 512 : 64
• (a) 64 : 18
• (b) 25 : 5
• (c) 145 : 15
• (d) 729 : 81
• Option: d• Option: d
Solution: The relationship between 1st & 2nd
group is x3: x2. So, the correct answer is (d).

22. • Q.4. Rca : aCR : : Rrb :?
• (a) JBr
• (b) bRR
• (c) RRp
• (d) McA
• Option: b• Option: b
Solution:
• The order of the letters of the 1st group is
reversed and
• the middle small letter is replaced by a capital
letter answer is option (b).

23. • Q.5. FHJL : GJMP : : GIKM :?
• (a) HKNQ
• (b) GJMP
• (c) JMGP
• (d) JPGM
• Option: a• Option: a
Solution: The 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th letters of
the first group are moved 1, 2, 3 and 4 steps
forward

24. • Q. 10 Find a pair that is similar to:- 11 : 77
• (a) 1 : 2
• (b) 13 :143
• (c) 11 : 65
• (d) 2 : 14
• Option: b• Option: b
Solution: The 1st number is multiplied by the
previous prime number to obtain the 2nd
number.

25. QUESTIONS LEVEL -2
• Q.1. Find a pair that is similar to: 10 : 900
• (a) 6 : 1296
• (b) 2 : 1030
• (c) 8 : 448
• (d) 9 : 81
• Option: C
Solution: The relationship between 1st &
Second group is x: (x3 – x2)

26. • Q.2. Choose a number that is similar to the
numbers given in the set: (124, 331, 403)
• (a) 242
• (b) 205
• (c) 341
• (d) 432• (d) 432
• Option: b
Solution: In this set, all the numbers have
their digit sum as 7

27. • Q.3. Choose a number that is similar to the
numbers given in the set: (439, 725, 912)
• (a) 815
• (b) 717
• (c) 327
• (d) 219• (d) 219
• Option: d
Solution: In all the numbers, (1st digit + 3rd
digit) - middle digit = 10.

28. GOOD PROBLEM --------WE NEED TO USE THE POSITION CODE
• Q.5. Find the missing term in the second
group:- LOGIC : AGEMJ :: CLERK : ?
• (a) XPHBA
• (b) BQKAB
• (c) RPSRU• (c) RPSRU
• (d) IPCJA
• Option: d
Solution: The order of the letters of the 1st
group is reversed & each letter is moved 2
step backward

29. • Q.6. CHAIRS is related to AHCSRI in the same
way as TABLES is related to?
• (a) BTASLE
• (b) LEBSAT
• (c) TASBLE
• (d) BATSEL• (d) BATSEL
• Option: d
Solution: The first three letters and the last
three letters of the first group are written in a
reverse

30. • Q7. Choose a number that is similar to the
numbers given in the set: (345, 456, 567)
• (a) 678
• (b) 239
• (c) 573
• (d) 398• (d) 398
• Option: a
Solution: In all the numbers, the middle digit
is the average of first and third digit

31. • Q9. Choose a number that is similar to the
numbers given in the set: (537, 845, 955)
• (a) 814
• (b) 712
• (c) 377
• (d) 669• (d) 669
• Option: d
Solution: In all the numbers, (1st digit + 3rd
digit) - middle digit = 9

32. • Q. 10 Find the missing term in the second
group: - CAT: DDY:: PIN : ?
• (a) QLS
• (b) DLN
• (c) ANP
• (d) CFP• (d) CFP
• Option: a
Solution: The 1st, 2nd and 3rd letters of the
1st group are moved 1, 3 and 5 steps forward