Origin of the Universe

1. ORIGIN OF THE UNIVERSE
EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE
QUARTER I

2. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Learning Competency:
• State the different hypotheses explaining
the origin of the universe
– S11/12ES-Ia-e-1
• Describe the different hypotheses
explaining the origin of the solar system
– S11/12ES-Ia-e-2
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3. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Origin of the Universe
Cosmology is the study of the universe, including its
properties, structure and evolution.
The universe began 10-15 billion years ago, when an
explosion called the Big Bang occurred.
The first 3 minutes after, great quantities of hydrogen
and helium were created, spanning apart at great
speeds.
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4. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Origin of the Universe cont.
3 million years later, huge clouds stretching
500 million light years across, began to
condense.
After about 200 million years, these
condensations formed the first galaxies ( the
birthplace of the stars and of elements
heavier than hydrogen and helium.
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5. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Origin of the Universe cont.
The Big Bang Theory
- All of the energy and matter of the
universe were compressed into a hot and
dense state.
- Temperature decreased sufficiently to
allow clumps of matter to collect.
- These materials formed the first nebulae
which evolved into the first stars and
galaxies.
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6. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Origin of the Universe cont.
- Our Solar system were formed 5 billion
years later.
- In 1930, the American astronomer Edwin
P. Hubble showed that the universe is
expanding.
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7. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Origin of the Universe cont.
Creationist Theory
- This theory states that God, the Supreme
Being, created the whole universe out of
nothing
- The proof can be read in the Holy Bible
Stipulating that God created the heavens
and the earth including man.

8. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Origin of the Universe cont.
Oscillating Universe Theory
- Was proposed by Russian-born US
cosmologist George Gamow who helped
explain the Big Bang Theory.
- The expansion of the universe will
eventually come to a halt then collapses
up to the time that the universe will return
to its original form and another Big Bang
will occur.
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9. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Origin of the Universe cont.
Steady-State Theory
- States that the universe has always been
the same since the beginning and will
remain in its present state until eternity.
- Claims that new galaxies appear as a
result of the drifting apart of other galaxies
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10. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Origin of the Universe cont.
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The Origin of the
Universe

11. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Origin of the Solar System
In 1796, Marquis de Laplace, a French
astronomer proposed the nebular
hypothesis:
a) That the solar system system evolved
from a slowly rotating gaseous cloud.
b) As it cooled by radiation and contracted,
it rotated faster and faster, causing the
gas to take a dish-like form.
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12. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Origin of the Solar System cont
c) At a certain speed the gravitational
attraction could no longer hold the outer
material to the central mass, and it broke
into the ring. This material condensed and
formed a planet.
d) The process continued, forming planets at
various distances from the sun. The moons
around the planets were formed by the
same process.
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13. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Origin of the Solar System cont.
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Exploring our
Solar System

14. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
References:
• Salandanan, G. et.al. (2016). Earth and Life
Sciences for Senior High School (Core Subject).
Lorimar Publishing Inc.
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15. THANK YOU!