Spark IT 2011 - Java EE 6 Workshop

1. <Insert Picture Here>
Understanding the Nuts & Bolts of Java EE 6
Arun Gupta, Java EE & GlassFish Guy
blogs.sun.com/arungupta, @arungupta

2. The following/preceding is intended to outline our
general product direction. It is intended for
information purposes only, and may not be
incorporated into any contract. It is not a
commitment to deliver any material, code, or
functionality, and should not be relied upon in
making purchasing decisions.
The development, release, and timing of any
features or functionality described for Oracle’s
products remains at the sole discretion of Oracle.
2

3. Are you tweeting ?
#glassfish
#sparkit2011
3

4. Java EE: Past, Present, Future Cloud NEW
Flexible
Ease of Java EE 7
Development Java EE 6 HTML 5
WebSocket
Pruning
Java EE 5 Extensibility JSON API
Web Ease of JCache
Services Profiles Multi-tenancy
Development
Annotations
Ease-of-dev Elasticity
J2EE 1.4 EJB 3.0 EJB Lite Tech Refresh
Web Services, JPA RESTful WS ...
Robustness Management, New and CDI
Enterprise Deployment, Updated
Java J2EE 1.3 Async. Web Services
Platform CMP, Connector
Connector
Architecture Web Profile
J2EE 1.2
Servlet, JSP,
EJB, JMS
JPE RMI/IIOP Managed
Project Bean 1.0
May 1998 Dec 1999 Sep 2001 Nov 2003 May 2006 Dec 2009 Q3 2012
10 specs 13 specs 20 specs 23 specs 28 specs ?? specs
4

5. Compatible Java EE 6 Impls
Today: Web Profile Only
Announced:
5

6. Light-weight
• Java EE 6 Web Profile
• Pruning
• Pruned today, means
• Optional in the next release
• Deleted in the subsequent releases
• Technologies marked in Javadocs
• EJB 2.x Entity Beans, JAX-RPC, JAXR, JSR 88
6

7. • EJB-in-WAR
• No-interface EJB
• Optional
“web.xml”/”faces-
config.xml”
• Annotation-driven
• @Schedule
• @Path
• @Inject
• ...
7

8. <web-fragment>
<filter>
<filter-name>wicket.helloworld</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.wicket.protocol.http.WicketFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>applicationClassName</param-name>
<param-value>...</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>wicket.helloworld</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-fragment>
8

9. Java EE 6 - Done
09
• Specifications approved by the JCP
20
• Reference Implementation is GlassFish
h
Server Open Source Edition 3
• TCK
10 t
ec
D
9

10. Java EE 6 Web Profile 1.0
Servlets 3.0 JPA 2.0 EJB 3.1 JDBC StAX
Interceptors
JSF 2.0 JAX-RS JNDI JavaMail
1.1
Bean
EJB 3.1 Lite JAXB JMS JACC
Validation1.0
JSP 2.2 CDI 1.0 JAX-WS JAXP SAAJ
Managed
JTA 1.1 JASPIC JAX-RPC ...
Beans 1.0
Contributed
by RedHat New Updated
10

11. Managed Beans 1.0
EJB CDI JSF JAX-WS JAX-RS JPA ...
@Stateful
@Managed @Web
@Stateless @Named @Path @Entity ...
Bean Service
@Singleton
@javax.annotation.ManagedBean
11

12. Managed Beans 1.0
• POJO as managed component for the Java
EE container
• JavaBeans component model for Java EE
• Simple and Universally useful
• Advanced concepts in companion specs
• Basic Services
• Resource Injection, Lifecycle Callbacks, Interceptors
• Available as
• @Resource / @Inject
• java:app/<module-name>/<bean-name>
• java:module/<bean-name>
12

13. Lab #1
Managed Beans
13

14. Managed Beans 1.0 - Sample
@javax.annotation.ManagedBean @Resource
public class MyManagedBean { MyManagedBean bean;
@PostConstruct
public void setupResources() {
// setup your resources
}
@Inject
@PreDestroy MyManagedBean bean;
public void cleanupResources() {
// collect them back here
}
public String sayHello(String name) {
return "Hello " + name;
}
}
http://blogs.sun.com/arungupta/entry/totd_129_managed_beans_1
14

15. Interceptors 1.1
• Interpose on invocations and lifecycle events
on a target class
• Defined
• Using annotations or DD
• Default Interceptors (only in DD)
• Class & Method Interceptors
• In the same transaction & security context
• Cross-cutting concerns: logging, auditing,
profiling
15

16. Lab #2
Interceptors
16

17. Interceptors – Business Method
(Logging)
@InterceptorBinding @LoggingInterceptorBinding
@Retention(RUNTIME) public class MyManagedBean {
@Target({METHOD,TYPE}) . . .
public @interface }
LoggingInterceptorBinding {
}
@Interceptor
@LoggingInterceptorBinding
public class @LogInterceptor {
@AroundInvoke
public Object log(InvocationContext context) {
System.out.println(context.getMethod().getName());
System.out.println(context.getParameters());
return context.proceed();
}
}
17

18. Why Interceptor Bindings ?
• Remove dependency from the interceptor
implementation class
• Can vary depending upon deployment
environment
• Allows central ordering of interceptors
18

19. Interceptors – Business Method
(Transaction)
@InterceptorBinding @Transactional
@Retention(RUNTIME) public class ShoppingCart { . . . }
@Target({METHOD,TYPE})
public @interface Transactional { public class ShoppingCart {
} @Transactional public void
checkOut() { . . . }
@Interceptor
@Transactional
public class TransactionInterceptor {
@Resource UserTransaction tx;
@AroundInvoke
public Object manageTransaction(InvocationContext context) {
tx.begin()
context.proceed();
tx.commit();
}
}
http://blogs.sun.com/arungupta/entry/totd_151_transactional_interceptors_using
19

20. Servlets in Java EE 5
At least 2 files
<!--Deployment descriptor /* Code in Java Class */
web.xml -->
<web-app> package com.sun;
<servlet> public class MyServlet extends
<servlet-name>MyServlet HttpServlet {
</servlet-name> public void
<servlet-class> doGet(HttpServletRequest
com.sun.MyServlet req,HttpServletResponse res)
</servlet-class> {
</servlet>
...
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>MyServlet }
</servlet-name> ...
<url-pattern>/myApp/* }
</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
...
</web-app>
20

21. Servlets 3.0 (JSR 315)
Annotations-based @WebServlet
package com.sun;
@WebServlet(name=”MyServlet”, urlPatterns={”/myApp/*”})
public class MyServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest req,
HttpServletResponse res)
{ <!--Deployment descriptor web.xml -->
<web-app>
... <servlet>
<servlet-name>MyServlet</servlet-name>
} <servlet-class>
com.sun.MyServlet
</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>MyServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/myApp/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
...
</web-app>
http://blogs.sun.com/arungupta/entry/screencast_37_java_ee_6
21

22. Lab #3
Servlets
22

23. Servlets 3.0
• @WebServlet, @WebListener, @WebFilter, …
• Asynchronous Servlets
• @WebServlet(asyncSupported=true)
• Plugin libraries using web fragments
• Dynamic registration of Servlets
• WEB-INF/lib/[*.jar]/META-INF/resources
accessible in the root
• Programmatic authentication login/logout
• Default Error Page
• ...
23

24. Servlets 3.1 (JSR 340)
http://jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=340
NEW
• Cloud support
• Multi-tenancy
• Security / Session state / Resources isolation
• Asynchronous IO based on NIO2
• Utilize Java EE concurrency utilities
• Enable support for Web Sockets
24

25. Java Persistence API 2 (JSR 317)
• Improved O/R mapping
• Type-safe Criteria API
• Expanded and Richer JPQL
• 2nd-level Cache
• New locking modes
• PESSIMISTIC_READ – grab shared lock
• PESSIMISTIC_WRITE – grab exclusive lock
• PESSIMISTIC_FORCE_INCREMENT – update version
• Standard configuration options
• javax.persistence.jdbc.[driver | url | user | password]
25

26. Lab #4
Java Persistence API
26

27. JPA 2.1 Candidate Features
http://jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=338
NEW
●
Multi-tenancy
●
Support for stored procedures, vendor function
●
Update and Delete Criteria queries, JPQL ↔
Criteria
●
Query by Example
●
Support for schema generation
●
UUID generator type
●
Persistence Context synchronization control
●
Dynamic definition of PU
●
Additional event listeners
27

28. EJB 3.1 (JSR 318)
Package & Deploy in a WAR
Java EE 5 Java EE 6
myApp.war
myApp.ear
WEB-INF/classes
myWeb.war com.sun.FooServlet
com.sun.TickTock
WEB-INF/web.xml com.sun.FooBean
WEB-INF/classes com.sun.FooHelper
com.sun.FooServlet
com.sun.TickTock
myBeans.jar
com.sun.FooBean web.xml ?
com.sun.FooHelper
http://blogs.sun.com/arungupta/entry/screencast_37_java_ee_6
28

29. Lab #5
EJB 3.1
29

30. EJB 3.1
• No interface view – one source file per bean
• Embeddable API
• @Singleton
• Initialization in @PostContruct
• Simplified Cron-like syntax for Timer
• Asynchronous Session Bean
• Portable Global JNDI Name
30

31. Contexts & Dependency Injection - CDI
(JSR 299)
• Type-safe Dependency Injection
• No String-based identifiers
• Strong typing, Loose coupling
• Events, Interceptors, Decorators
• Context & Scope management – extensible
• Portable Extensions
• Bridge EJB and JSF in the platform
• Works with Java EE modular and
component architecture
• Integration with Unified Expression Language (UEL)
31

32. CDI
Injection Points
• Field, Method, Constructor
• 0 or more qualifiers
Which one ?
• Type (Qualifier)
@Inject @LoggedIn User user
Request What ?
Injection (Type)
32

33. Lab #6
CDI Qualifiers
33

34. CDI
Much more ...
• Producer methods and fields
• Bridging Java EE resources
• Alternatives
• Interceptors
• Decorators
• Stereotypes
34

35. Java Server Faces 2.0 (JSR 314)
• Facelets as “templating language” for the page
• Custom components much easier to develop
• Integrated Ajax
• “faces-config.xml” optional in common cases
• Default navigation rules
• Much more …
• Runs on Servlet 2.5+
• Bookmarkable URLs
• Conditional navigation
• ...
35

36. Lab #7
JSF 2.0
36

37. Bean Validation (JSR 303)
• Tier-independent mechanism to define
constraints for data validation
• Represented by annotations
• javax.validation.* package
• Integrated with JSF and JPA
• JSF: f:validateRequired, f:validateRegexp
• JPA: pre-persist, pre-update, and pre-remove
• @NotNull(message=”...”), @Max, @Min,
@Size
• Fully Extensible
• @Email String recipient;
37

38. Lab #8
Bean Validation
38

39. JAX-RS 1.1
• Java API for building RESTful Web Services
• POJO based
• Annotation-driven
• Server-side API
• HTTP-centric
39

40. JAX-RS 1.1
Code Sample - Simple
@Path("helloworld")
public class HelloWorldResource {
@Context UriInfo ui;
@GET
@Produces("text/plain")
public String sayHello() {
return "Hello World";
}
@GET
@Path("morning")
public String morning() {
return “Good Morning!”;
}
}
40

41. JAX-RS 1.1
Code Sample – Specifying Output MIME type
@Path("/helloworld")
@Produces("text/plain")
public class HelloWorldResource {
@GET
public String doGetAsPlainText() {
. . .
}
@GET
@Produces("text/html")
public String doGetAsHtml() {
. . .
} @GET
} @Produces({
"application/xml",
"application/json"})
public String doGetAsXmlOrJson() {
. . .
}
41

42. Lab #9
JAX-RS
42

43. JAX-RS 1.1
Code Sample
import javax.inject.Inject;
import javax.enterprise.context.RequestScoped;
@RequestScoped
public class ActorResource {
@Inject DatbaseBean db;
public Actor getActor(int id) {
return db.findActorById(id);
}
}
43

44. JAX-RS 1.1
Code Sample
import javax.ws.rs.GET;
import javax.ws.rs.Path;
import javax.ws.rs.Produces;
import javax.ws.rs.PathParam;
import javax.inject.Inject;
import javax.enterprise.context.RequestScoped;
@Path("/actor/{id}")
@RequestScoped
public class ActorResource {
@Inject DatbaseBean db;
@GET
@Produces("application/json")
public Actor getActor(@PathParam("id") int id) {
return db.findActorById(id);
}
} http://blogs.sun.com/arungupta/entry/totd_124_using_cdi_jpa
44

45. JAX-RS 2.0
http://jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=339
NEW
●
Client API
●
Low level using Builder pattern, Higher-level
●
Hypermedia
●
MVC Pattern
●
Resource controllers, Pluggable viewing technology
●
Bean Validation
●
Form or Query parameter validation
●
Closer integration with @Inject, etc.
●
Server-side asynchronous request processing
●
Server-side content negotiation
45

46. http://blogs.sun.com/arungupta/entry/java_ee_6_twitter_demo
46

47. Lab #10
Twitter App
47

48. 48

49. IDE Support for Java EE 6
49

50. From the real users ... Jigsaw puzzle, Modular,
standard, less xml, easy,
easy, have I said easy?
Developers can concentrate
on business logic, Java EE 6 is
providing a standard for
the infrastructure. Standards compliance, vendor
independence, milliseconds
and kilobyte deployment
Faster development, less
frameworks/complexity,
Higher integrated specs,
more great code shipped
simple and annotation driven,
single-classloader WARs,
next level of industry
standard
Not your fat grandfather's
enterprise Java anymore,
Definite excuse to avoid Enterprise Java Renaissance
Spring forever
http://blogs.sun.com/arungupta/tags/community+feedback
50

51. Avoid “framework explosion”
In selecting an application server our main goal
was to avoid the framework explosion that
happens when you use a "custom" Enterprise
stack like Tomcat + Spring + Hibernate +
Myfaces +... Java EE 6 had 80% of what we
needed out of the box: strong persistence
support ( JPA ), inversion of control ( CDI ), and
a lightweight component model ( EJB 3.1 )
http://blogs.sun.com/stories/entry/egesa_engineering_avoids_framework_explosion
51

52. 52

53. GlassFish Server Chronology
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 …
GlassFish v1
Java EE 5, Single Instance
GlassFish v2
Java EE 5, High Availability
GlassFish Server 3
Java EE 6, Single Instance
GlassFish Server 3.1
Java EE 6, High Availability
GlassFish Server 3.2
Virtualization, PaaS
53

54. GlassFish Server Distributions
Distribution License Features
• Java EE 6 compatibility
GlassFish Server Open CDDL & • Web Profile support
Source Edition 3.1 GPLv2 • In-memory replication / clustering
Web Profile
• Centralized Administration
• Java EE 6 compatibility
GlassFish Open Source CDDL & • Full Java EE distribution
Edition 3.1 GPLv2 • In-memory replication / clustering
• Centralized Administration
• Adds
Oracle GlassFish Server 3.1 Commercial • Oracle GlassFish Server Control
Web Profile • Patches, support, knowledge
base
• Adds
Oracle GlassFish Server 3.1 Commercial • Oracle GlassFish Server Control
• Patches, support, knowledge
base

55. GlassFish 3.1 Overview
• Built on GlassFish 3
• Modular and Extensible HK2 Kernel
• ~262 modules
• Clustering and High Availability
• HTTP, EJB, IIOP, SSO, Metro
• Dynamic Invocation of Services
• End-to-end extensibility
55

56. GlassFish 3.1: Fast and Furious ...
• 29% better startup/deploy/re-deploy cycle
over 3.0.1
• 33% better HA performance over 2.1.1
• Scalable Grizzly Adapter based on Java NIO
• Full-session and Modified-attribute* scope
• Multiple clusters per domain, multiple
instances per cluster, up to 100 instances
per domain
http://weblogs.java.net/blog/sdo/archive/2011/03/01/whats-new-glassfish-v31-performance
56

57. Java EE 7 : JSR 342
NEW
• Theme: Cloud
• More easily operate on private or public clouds
• Deliver functionality as a service with support for
features such as multi-tenancy and elasticity
• Technology refresh: JMS 2.0, CDI 1.1, ...
• Latest web standards: HTML 5 and Web Sockets
• Possible JSRs inclusion
• Concurrency Utilities for Java EE (JSR 236)
• JCache (JSR 107)
• New JSRs: Web Sockets, Java JSON API
• Modularity and Versioning
57

58. Java EE 7 Schedule
NEW
• March 2011 Early EG Formed
• Q3 2011 Early Draft
• Q1 2012 Public Draft
• Q3 2012 Final Release
58

59. Java EE JSR Soup
NEW
• Java EE 7 - JSR 342
• Servlets 3.1 – JSR 340
• Expression Language 3.0 – JSR 341
• Java Message Service 2.0 – JSR 343
• Java Server Faces 2.2 – JSR 344
• Java Persistence API 2.1 – JSR 338
• JAX-RS 2.0 – JSR 339
59

60. Transparency Checklist
NEW
• Names of the EG members
• EG business reported on publicly
readable alias
• Schedule is public, current and updated
regularly
• Public can read/write to a wiki
• Discussion board on jcp.org
• Public read-only issue tracker
60

61. References
• glassfish.org
• blogs.sun.com/theaquarium
• facebook.com/glassfish
• oracle.com/goto/glassfish
• youtube.com/GlassFishVideos
• Follow @glassfish
61

62. <Insert Picture Here>
Understanding the Nuts & Bolts of Java EE 6
Arun Gupta, Java EE & GlassFish Guy
blogs.sun.com/arungupta, @arungupta