Understand and describe the following technologies: Flow Cytometry, Western Blots, Immunodiffusion (Ouchterlony), precipitation, agglutination and ELISA (be able to relate the ELISA assay to a pregnancy test strip). Solution FLOW CYTOMETRY:- It is a technique used to determine the physical and chemical characteristics of particles that are fluorescently labelled and placed in a fluid which when is being passed through at least one laser emit light at varying wavelengths. WESTERN BLOTS:- It is an analytical technique used to detect specific proteins in a sample of tissue homogenate or extract.It is often referred to as \"protein immunoblot \". IMMUNODIFFUSION:- It is a diagnostic test for detecting/measuring antibodies & antigens by their precipitation that involves diffusion through a gel or medium called \'agar\'.This technique was developed by Ouchterlony. It is of two forms: ouchterlony double immunodiffusion & radial immunodiffusion or Mancini method. PRECIPITATION:- It is a technique involving interaction of antibodies & antigens where two soluble reactants assemble to make one insoluble product \'precipitate\' leading to the formation of lattices. AGGLUTINATION:- This method is used to detect antigens or antibodies in bodily fluids such as blood,saliva,urine,cerebrospinal fluid. The sample in this method is mixed with latex beads coated with a specific antibody or antigen.It\'s 3 classification- direct agglutination test, indirect agglutination test, hemagglutination assay. ELISA:- Its an \"enzyme -linked immunosorbent assay\". This test detect & measures antibodies in our blood.Its useful in HIV,Lyme disease, pernicious anemia,etc. diagnosis. In relation, to pregnancy test strip this test is used to determine if your blood or urine contains a hormone called human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) which is produced right after a fertilised egg attached to the wall of woman\'s uterus..

1. Understand and describe the following technologies: Flow Cytometry, Western Blots,
Immunodiffusion (Ouchterlony), precipitation, agglutination and ELISA (be able to relate the
ELISA assay to a pregnancy test strip).
Solution
FLOW CYTOMETRY:- It is a technique used to determine the physical and chemical
characteristics of particles that are fluorescently labelled and placed in a fluid which when is
being passed through at least one laser emit light at varying wavelengths.
WESTERN BLOTS:- It is an analytical technique used to detect specific proteins in a sample of
tissue homogenate or extract.It is often referred to as "protein immunoblot ".
IMMUNODIFFUSION:- It is a diagnostic test for detecting/measuring antibodies & antigens
by their precipitation that involves diffusion through a gel or medium called 'agar'.This
technique was developed by Ouchterlony. It is of two forms: ouchterlony double
immunodiffusion & radial immunodiffusion or Mancini method.
PRECIPITATION:- It is a technique involving interaction of antibodies & antigens where two
soluble reactants assemble to make one insoluble product 'precipitate' leading to the formation
of lattices.
AGGLUTINATION:- This method is used to detect antigens or antibodies in bodily fluids such
as blood,saliva,urine,cerebrospinal fluid. The sample in this method is mixed with latex beads
coated with a specific antibody or antigen.It's 3 classification- direct agglutination test, indirect
agglutination test, hemagglutination assay.
ELISA:- Its an "enzyme -linked immunosorbent assay". This test detect & measures antibodies
in our blood.Its useful in HIV,Lyme disease, pernicious anemia,etc. diagnosis. In relation, to
pregnancy test strip this test is used to determine if your blood or urine contains a hormone
called human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) which is produced right after a fertilised egg
attached to the wall of woman's uterus.