Disease data for two independent groups are summarized into 2 by 2 t.pdf

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Disease data for two independent groups are summarized into 2 by 2 tables stratified by gender. Based on Mantel-Haenszel procedure, the Mantel-Haenszel summary relative risk ratio is 1.6 and the crude relative risk ratio 1.5, the gender variable is 1)Positive confounders 2)Negative confounders 3)Can not be determined Solution ositive confounders because the relative risk ratio are greater than 1.

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Darwinian evolution, aka \"Darwinism\", was merged with population genetics in the early 1900s to produce what is now commonly referred to as: a. Neo-Lamarkianism b. orthogenesis c. mutationism d. the modern synthesis Solution Ans: A theory of the late 1800s and early 1900s, based on Lamarckism, that adaptive characteristics acquired by an organism during its lifetime could be inherited by its offspring. Ans: option a. Neo-Lamarkianism.

Darwinian evolution, aka Darwinism, was merged with population g.pdf

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Determine the theoretical probability of flipping a TAIL on a coin. .pdf

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Construct a java method. * This method chooses the number of sticks to pick up based on the * sticksRemaining and actionRanking parameters. * * Algorithm: If there are less than Config.MAX_ACTION sticks remaining * then the chooser must pick the minimum number of sticks (Config.MIN_ACTION). * For Config.MAX_ACTION or more sticks remaining then pick based on the * actionRanking parameter. * * The actionRanking array has one element for each possible action. The 0 * index corresponds to Config.MIN_ACTION and the highest index corresponds * to Config.MAX_ACTION. For example, if Config.MIN_ACTION is 1 and * Config.MAX_ACTION is 3, an action can be to pick up 1, 2 or 3 sticks. * actionRanking[0] corresponds to 1, actionRanking[1] corresponds to 2, etc. * The higher the element for an action in comparison to other elements, * the more likely the action should be chosen. * * First calculate the total number of possibilities by summing all the * element values. Then choose a particular action based on the relative * frequency of the various rankings. * For example, if Config.MIN_ACTION is 1 and Config.MAX_ACTION is 3: * If the action rankings are {9,90,1}, the total is 100. Since * actionRanking[0] is 9, then an action of picking up 1 should be chosen * about 9/100 times. 2 should be chosen about 90/100 times and 1 should * be chosen about 1/100 times. Use Config.RNG.nextInt(?) method to * generate appropriate random numbers. * * @param sticksRemaining * The number of sticks remaining to be picked up. * @param actionRanking * The counts of each action to take. The 0 index corresponds to * Config.MIN_ACTION and the highest index corresponds to * Config.MAX_ACTION. * @return The number of sticks to pick up. 0 is returned for the following * conditions: actionRanking is null, actionRanking has a length of * 0, or sticksRemaining is <= 0. Solution public static void main(String[] args) { Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in); String userName = \"\"; String intialStringError = \"\"; int intialSticks = 0; String prompt = \"How many sticks are there on the table initially (10-100)? \"; //Max number of tries int[] numSticksArray = new int[100]; boolean intialBooleanError = false; boolean userChoiceDone = false; int userChoice = 0; String userError = \"\"; String friendName = \"\"; int userStickNum = 0; String userStickError = \"\"; String friendStickError = \"\"; boolean friendTurnOver = true; boolean userTurnOver = true; int z = 0; System.out.print(\"\ What is your name? \"); userName = input.nextLine(); System.out.println(\"Hello \" + userName.trim() + \".\"); intialSticks = promptUserForNumber(input, prompt, Config.MIN_STICKS, Config.MAX_STICKS); System.out.println(\"\ Would you like to:\"); System.out.println(\" 1) Play against a friend\"); System.out.println(\" 2) Play against computer (basic)\"); System.out.println(\" 3) Play against computer with AI\"); do{ System.out.print(\"Which do you choose (1,2,3)? \"); if(input.hasNextInt()) { userChoice = inp.

Construct a java method. This method chooses the number of sti.pdf

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Complete the sentences with the correct terms. Solution1. Phot.pdf

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BIOCHEMISTRY 1. explain carbohydrate nonmenclature (aldose vs. ketose and number of carbons, numbering of carbons), including characterizations of chirality (optical isomers, enantiomers, diastereomers, and epimers) 2.identify common and important disaccarides 3.distinguish all structural and biochemical similarities and differences between starch, cellulose, and glycogen 4.what are fat soluble vitamins and what are their roles in the body Solution 1. The monosaccharides are the simple sugar molecules with general formula (CH2O) n. They are mainly composed of Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen. Monosaccharides possess functional groups such as aldehydes and ketones in their structure. Basing on the functional group present they are named as aldose - that contains an aldehyde group, ketose - that contains a ketone group. They also contain many hydroxyl groups. Hence, monosaccharides are called as polyhydroxy aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones. A Hexose having ketone group is known as Ketohexose. Fructose is an example of ketohexose. . Hexose with an aldehyde group is called as Aldohexose. Example of an Aldohexose is Glucose. A Triose is a monosaccharide having three carbon atoms in its skeleton. Glyceraldehyde is an example of a triose.A Pentose is a monosaccharide having five carbon atoms in its structure. Ribose is an example of a pentose. Both triose and pentose are monosaccharides differing in number of carbon atoms in their skeleton. The molecules having a Carbon atom bonded to four different functional groups are called ‘chiral molecules’. The center carbon atom is called chiral carbon. Any molecule having a chiral carbon exists in a pair of enantiomers, which are nonsuperimposable mirror images. Stereo isomers are the molecules having same molecular formula and same bonding but differ in spatial arrangement of atoms. They are mirror images. They rotate the plane polarized light either to clockwise or to counter clockwise. If they rotate the plane polarized light to clockwise, they are called as ‘dextro rotatory’ (D forms) and are indicated by (+) sign. If they rotate the plane polarized light to counter clockwise, they are called as ‘levo rotatory’ (L forms) and are indicated by (-) sign. Diastereomers can be defined as a pair of stereo isomers that are not enantiomers. This indicates that the isomers are not mirror images and they totally differ from each other. Enantiomers though nonsuperimposable mirror images they have same physical and chemical properties, they differ only in rotation of plane polarized light. Diastereomers have different physical and chemical properties. 2. The disaccharides are composed of two monosaccharide units. Maltose, Lactose and Sucrose are the examples of disaccharides. These are referred by their common names like, Malt sugar, Milk sugar and Table sugar. Galactose is a hexose molecule. It is one of the components of disaccharide Lactose or milk sugar. It is found in the milk of mammals. -D - N - acetylgalactosami.

BIOCHEMISTRY 1. explain carbohydrate nonmenclature (aldose vs. ket.pdf

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Can a degree 3 polynomial intersect a degree 4 polynomial in exactly .pdf

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All chordates have while all vertebrates have homeothermy/a notochord sometime during development. a backbone/live birth and mammary glands in the females. a notochord sometime during their development/a backbone and bilateral symmetry. a backbone/fur or hair. Which of the following is true of the bonobo? the males are highly dominant, and the females only mate with the most dominant male. they are more closely related to the gibbons than to any other primate. they are an Old World monkey that lives in central African savannahs. all of the above are true. none of the above are true. The term \"hominoid\" refers to monkeys and apes. apes and humans. tarsiers and lemurs. prosimians and monkeys. Solution QUESTION 15: The term hominoid refers to Ans- Apes and monkeys. A member of the biological superfamily Hominoidea, including all modern great apes and humans and a number of their extinct ancestors and relatives. QUESTION 13: All chordates have -----while all vetebrates have ----- Ans: C--a notochord something during their development/a backbone and bilateral symmetry Vertebrates are characterized by the presence of a vertebra or backbone skeletal bones that form an endoskeleton a bilaterally symmetrical structure. The notochord is replaced or surrounded by the backbone in the organism\'s adult stage,Chordates also have pharyngeal slits. Chordates also have a dorsal nerve cord that runs down the length of the organism. QUESTION 14: which of the following is true of the bonobo ANS : None of the above are true.

All chordates have while all vertebrates have homeothermya notochor.pdf

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6. What factor describes the overall thermal performance of a buildin.pdf

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8) IntheSpapcelabLifeSciencePayload,14maleratsweresenttospace.Upontheirrerurn,thered bloodcellmass(inmilliliters)oftheratswasdetermined.controlgroupof14maleratswasheld underthesameconditionsasthespacerats,andtheirredbloodcellmasswasalsodetermined whenthespaceratswasreturned.Theproject,ledbyDr.PaulX.Callahan,resultedinthedatalisted inthetablebelow.Doestheevidencesupporttheclaimthattheflightanimalshavedifferentredblood cellmassfromofthecontrolanimal? Flight: Control: 9.79 7.54 8.55 9.14 8.59 8.64 7.43 7.21 6.87 7.89 6.85 7.00 8.80 9.30 8.03 6.39 8.65 6.99 8.40 9.66 7.62 7.44 8.70 7.33 8.58 9.88 9.94 7.14 b)Use95%confidenceintervaltoconstructconfidenceintrevaltoestimatethedifferencebetween thetwopopulationmeans.doestheconfidenceintervalsupporttheclaim?Explain. 8.59 8.64 7.43 7.21 6.87 7.89 6.85 7.00 8.80 9.30 8.03 6.39 Solution.

8) IntheSpapcelabLifeSciencePayload,14maleratsweresenttospace.Uponth.pdf

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After reading about the history of welfare in the USA, describe in your own words how our current welfare system came to be. What are your thoughts about Sweden\'s welfare system? How would creating a similar system in the USA impact the field of human services? Why does the USA not have a welfare system similar to Sweden? Solution The US has the largest and most technologically powerful economy in the world, with a per capita GDP of $49,800. In this market-oriented economy, private individuals and business firms make most of the decisions, and the federal and state governments buy needed goods and services predominantly in the private marketplace. US business firms enjoy greater flexibility than their counterparts in Western Europe and Japan in decisions to expand capital plant, to lay off surplus workers, and to develop new products. At the same time, they face higher barriers to enter their rivals\' home markets than foreign firms face entering US markets. US firms are at or near the forefront in technological advances, especially in computers and in medical, aerospace, and military equipment; their advantage has narrowed since the end of World War II. The onrush of technology largely explains the gradual development of a \"two-tier labor market\" in which those at the bottom lack the education and the professional/technical skills of those at the top and, more and more, fail to get comparable pay raises, health insurance coverage, and other benefits. Since 1975, practically all the gains in household income have gone to the top 20% of households. Since 1996, dividends and capital gains have grown faster than wages or any other category of after-tax income. Imported oil accounts for nearly 55% of US consumption. Crude oil prices doubled between 2001 and 2006, the year home prices peaked; higher gasoline prices ate into consumers\' budgets and many individuals fell behind in their mortgage payments. Oil prices climbed another 50% between 2006 and 2008, and bank foreclosures more than doubled in the same period. Besides dampening the housing market, soaring oil prices caused a drop in the value of the dollar and a deterioration in the US merchandise trade deficit, which peaked at $840 billion in 2008. The sub-prime mortgage crisis, falling home prices, investment bank failures, tight credit, and the global economic downturn pushed the United States into a recession by mid-2008. GDP contracted until the third quarter of 2009, making this the deepest and longest downturn since the Great Depression. To help stabilize financial markets, in October 2008 the US Congress established a $700 billion Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP). The government used some of these funds to purchase equity in US banks and industrial corporations, much of which had been returned to the government by early 2011. In January 2009 the US Congress passed and President Barack OBAMA signed a bill providing an additional $787 billion fiscal stimulus to be used over 10 ye.

After reading about the history of welfare in the USA, describe in y.pdf

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You are examining a copolymer for it\'s potential as a material for a vascular graft. you are trying to determine whether you want a high or low degree of crystallinity in the material. what type of structures for copolymers have a higher probability for crystallization? Solution Answer: Copolymers are formed when two or more different types of monoers polymerize in a process called copolymerization. A block polymer is formed by the copolymerization of different copolymerized monomers. The first component is styrene followed by methyl methacrylate which forms at the end of polystyrene chain. Alternating polymers have regular repeating units of two different monomeric units. Block and alternating polymers can form long range repeated, ordered structures and thus have a higher affinity for crystallization..

You are examining a copolymer for its potential as a material for .pdf

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write a pic18 divide 2 input variables. num and denom. Solution [n, d] = numden(sym(four/5)) n = 4 d = 5 Numerators and Denominators of Symbolic Expressions locate the numerator and denominator of the symbolic expression. syms x y [n,d] = numden(x/y + y/x) n = x^2 + y^2 d = x*y Numerators and Denominators of Matrix elements locate the numerator and denominator of every element of a symbolic matrix. syms a b [n,d] = numden([a/b, 1/b; 1/a, 1/(a*b)]) n = [ a, 1] [ 1, 1] d = [ b, b] [ a, a*b] associated Examples Extract Numerators and Denominators of Rational Expressions enter Arguments fall apart all A — enter symbolic range symbolic feature symbolic matrix input, exact as a symbolic quantity, expression, feature, vector, or matrix..

write a pic18 divide 2 input variables. num and denom..pdf

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Why would some toxicology studies focus on the population level and others focus at the community or ecosystem levels? Solution The study of toxicology under ecological parameters like population level and others, called as Ecological Toxicology. Under this study, the focus is on environmental contaminants consequences. They affect every individual of community and its structure and population dynamics. The scientists and analyst study the physiological, reproductive and behavioral effects occur through the consequences. Ecological Toxicology helps in finding the lethal, sub lethal, chronic, and genetic effects. These studies provide a base for making an ecosystem preventive and secure..

Why would some toxicology studies focus on the population level and .pdf

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why are the tropics so diverse? please expaint this queation in details. Solution Answer: Added biodiversity in the tropics as compared to the higher latitudes probably stems from the flux of photons in the tropics, but our earth is a dynamic system and thus its far more complicated than that. Mutations can occur randomly, evolutionarily the strongest contributor is error during DNA replication. This can be argued to be a function of temperature and if so, then temperature plays a small role in DNA copying. Another contributor would be that of the flux of photons. Photons have the ability to cause mutations and there is a noticeable difference in photon flux between the higher latitudes and the tropics. The tropics are enormous, spreading across the waistline of the globe. Increasing size provides ample opportunity for geographic separation for groups within a species. In conjunction with this is the fact that this broad band girdling the planet has, overall, fairly constant temperature and humidity. The tropics also exhibit relatively stable climatic conditions which will result in steady food supplies for animals as animals could specialize on 1 to 5 food sources and they would be available more or less year round. The richness of tropical rainforests in plant life is perhaps due to high levels of solar energy. The sun lies overhead during the entire year, there is a great deal of light available to support the plants in the lower strata, more than twice as much as is available to a temperate forest. And since plants in the tropics don’t suffer from (low) temperature stress, they can devote their energies to growth and reproduction at even very low light intensities. Light intensities in tropical forests are also very patchy and heterogeneous. Thus, plants living under the tall canopy can specialize in exploiting particular light regimes, many of which are not available in temperate forests. And with plant diversity comes animal diversity, since all of these plants provide food and shelter for animals. High mean annual temperature, primary productivity, and evapotranspiration rates are probably all involved also, but we do not know whether or not the higher energy levels found in rainforests are causal factors in the generation of biodiversity The presence of pathogens is a contributing factor but it complex because their related to higher temperatures but they will cause speciations as organism will need to develop the ability to defend against them Storms and high winds are common in tropical areas, and frequently lead to considerable damage and the formation of fairly large gaps in forests. When the gap in the forest is small (as when one or a few trees fall), pioneer species will normally enter the gap and flourish, eventually being replaced by climax tree species. Tropical regions are large, as well as topographically complex. As mentioned above, the complexity of the rainforest environment allows for considerable specialization of org.

why are the tropics so diverseplease expaint this queation in det.pdf

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Which organization coordinates the assignment of Internet domain names, IP addresses, protocol parameters, and port numbers? A. The FCC B. The IEEE C. The IETF D. The ICANN Solution Answer D is the correct answer. The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) is a technical coordination body for the Internet. ICANN coordinates the assignment of Internet domain names, IP addresses, protocol parameters, and port numbers. The FCC (Federal Communications Commission) is a regulatory agency of the U.S. government, so answer A is incorrect. The IEEE is another standards body that develops standards for computer networking and many other telecommunications areas, so answer B is incorrect. The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) is a large, open international community of network engineers, researchers, and vendors that provide technical guidance for the Internet community, so answer C is also incorrect..

Which organization coordinates the assignment of Internet domain nam.pdf

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Which of the following statements is (are) true: I : For cash flow, prediction of inflows and outflows of money is not important. II: Cash flow is about having a good idea when money comes in and when it goes out. Statement I is false; Statement II is true Statement I is true; Statement II is false Both statements are false Both statements are true Solution Statement I is false; Statement II is true Prediction of inflows and outflows are important in cash flows.

Which of the following statements is (are) true I For cash flow, .pdf

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Which features/aspects of early mammal/humandevelopment make PGD possible? Find five features. Solution 1.Possibility of human embroys to develop in IVF techniques. 2.Measuring cytoplasmic enzyme activity in individual embryonic cells can be done in early mammals/humans. 3.The ability to extract DNA and genetically characterize single sperm and diploid cells through modern techniques. 4.Identifcation of autosomal recessive disorders in human development 5.Fertile couples, or infertile couples who are following assisted conception treatment (such as IVF), might opt for some form of prenatal diagnosis of their condition once a pregnancy is established, either by AMNIOCENTESIS or CHORIONIC VILLUS SAMPLING (CVS) with the option of terminating an affected pregnancy..

Which featuresaspects of early mammalhumandevelopment make PGD pos.pdf

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What are stress and stressors? Identify potential sources and consequences of stress, and describe alternative stress management strategies. Solution There are external or internal (to individual) sources of stress, among external sources we have: Major life changes, Work or school, Relationship difficulties, Financial problems, Being too busy and Children and family. Additionally, we have internal ones as Chronic worry, Pessimism, Negative self-talk, Unrealistic expectations excess of Perfectionism, All-or-nothing attitude and Rigid thinking, lack of flexibility.What is stress? Stress is a normal response of human body, which under threat contexts releases chemicals that give to the person additional strength and energy to increase his/her capability to protect himself. The core issue is that this situation should be punctual but never a constant in a healthy person, it should be an extraordinary response, because if it would be frequent, it would be too demanding to the body, and here is the problem, contemporary average person is exposed to several frequent stress situations, and his/her body does not have time to recover itself. What are stressors? They are situations, things or persons whom have the capability to activate this extraordinary response of the body, because they demand more attention and energy from stressed individual. Identify potential sources of stress. There are external or internal (to individual) sources of stress, among externals we have: Major life changes, Work or school, Relationship difficulties, Financial problems, Being too busy and Children and family. Additionally, we have internal ones as Common internal causes of stress, Chronic worry, Pessimism, Negative self-talk, Unrealistic expectations/Perfectionism, All-or- nothing attitudeandRigid thinking, lack of flexibility Identify consequences of stress. Memory problems, seeing only the negative, irritability or short temper, depression or general unhappiness, sense of loneliness and isolation, chest pain, rapid heartbeat, agitation, inability to relax, poor judgment, using alcohol, cigarettes, or drugs to relax, anxious or racing thoughts, constant worrying, nervous habits, eating more or less, nausea, dizziness, loss of sex appetite, moodiness, procrastinating or neglecting responsibilities, frequent colds, sleeping too much or too little, feeling overwhelmed, aches and pains, diarrhea or constipation, isolating yourself from others. Describe alternative stress management strategies. Practicing physical activity, to recover nervous system balance. Feeding yourself well and healthy, to gain energy to the body and mind. Sleeping enough, to rest and keep clear mind. Activating social life, meeting friends, visiting family, spaces to other kind of experiences. Scheduling relaxation time, to connect with yourself, praying, meditation, anything you prefer..

What are stress and stressors Identify potential sources and conseq.pdf

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void ReplaceCharInBuffer(bufferADT buffer, char oldch, char newch); When this function is called, it should start searching from the current cursor position, looking for the next occurrence of the character oldch in the rest of the buffer. If it finds it, simply replace oldch with newch. Search should leave the cursor after the last character replaced in the buffer. If oldch does not occur between the cursor and the end of the buffer, then there is nothing to replace and thus search should leave the cursor unchanged (in the original place) int SearchStrBuffer(bufferADT buffer, char* str); When this function is called, it should start searching from the current cursor position, looking for the next occurrence of the string str in the rest of the buffer. If it finds it, search should leave the cursor after the found string and return the value TRUE or 1 If the string str does not occur between the cursor and the end of the buffer, then search should leave the cursor unchanged and return FALSE or 0 First, you need to add the above prototypes into buffer.h. Second, you need to implement them in listbuf.c Third, you need to update editor.c so that you can call those functions. So include the following in editor.c: o If user enters: Rxy, your editor.c should call ReplaceCharInBuffer (buffer, \'x\', \'y\') to replace all the occurrences of character \'x\' with character \'y\' after the cursor. o If user enters: Sxyz, your editor.c should call SearchStrBuffer (buffer, \"xyz\") to search string \"xyz\" in the buffer after the cursor. Solution /* * File: editor.c * -------------- * This program implements a simple character editor, which * is used to test the buffer abstraction. The editor reads * and executes simple commands entered by the user. */ #include #include #include \"genlib.h\" #include \"buffer.h\" #include \"simpio.h\" #include \"string.h\" /* Private function prototypes */ static void ExecuteCommand(bufferADT buffer, string line); static void HelpCommand(void); /* Main program */ main() { bufferADT buffer; buffer = NewBuffer(); while (TRUE) { printf(\"*\"); ExecuteCommand(buffer, GetLine()); DisplayBuffer(buffer); } FreeBuffer(buffer); } /* * Function: ExecuteCommand * Usage: ExecuteCommand(buffer, line); * ------------------------------------ * This function parses the user command in the string line * and executes it on the buffer. */ static void ExecuteCommand(bufferADT buffer, string line) { int i; switch (toupper(line[0])) { case \'R\': if(strlen(line) >= 3) { ReplaceCharInBuffer(buffer, line[1], line[2]); } else { printf(\"Illegal command\ \"); } break; case \'S\': SearchStrBuffer(buffer, &line[1]); break; case \'I\': for (i = 1; line[i] != \'\\0\'; i++) { InsertCharacter(buffer, line[i]); } break; case \'D\': DeleteCharacter(buffer); break; case \'F\': MoveCursorForward(buffer); break; case \'B\': MoveCursorBackward(buffer); break; case \'J\': MoveCursorToStart(buffer); break; case \'E\': MoveCursorToEnd(buffer); break; case \'H\':.

void ReplaceCharInBuffer(bufferADT buffer, char oldch, char newch);.pdf

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What are the Pros and Cons on how Technology has changed teaching techniques for teachers? Solution List of the Advantages of Technology in Education 1. Promotes independent learning in students The internet is a treasure trove of information. Practically anything you need to know can be found online. Although there is a question of the credibility of the source and the data provided, it can still serve as an educational resource for students. Even without assistance from parents and teachers, students can just look up their lessons online. Unlike regular textbooks, electronic books and web-based content are updated in real time, feeding students with the most current information they can get their hands on, helping them become more knowledgeable even outside the classroom setting. 2. Prepares students for the future From the way technological advancements are going, it is obvious that the future will be digital and technology-focused. If students are well-versed on using technology to collaborate and communicate as early as now, they will not have trouble fitting in, competing and finding jobs in the future. Being familiar with using at least one form of technology at an early age will help them become comfortable using it, and eventually develop other skills necessary to handle other innovative devices and processes. 3. Has the potential to lower textbook and tuition prices With resources more accessible and in great abundance, the cost of textbooks is likely to decrease. It is also possible that students may no longer need to buy a textbook, if it is converted into digital format. The actual books can stay in the classroom, while the content is saved on a student’s computer. Tuition will also decrease when learning is done online, rather than inside the classroom. By taking out the factors that contribute to a higher tuition fee, such as utility bills and transportation allowance of teachers, the overall cost of education will be lower. 4. Allows teachers to create an exciting way to educate students Gone are the days when the only tools for teaching are limited to books, a blackboard or whiteboard, and a chalk or markers. With technology integrated to education, teachers can now incorporate images, videos and other graphics when delivering lessons. Specific websites, apps and programs will also enable teachers to vary how they provide instructions. This creates an exciting learning environment and promotes interest in education in general. Other tools available for teachers include Smart Boards (interactive whiteboards), email Skype, and PowerPoint. 5. Encourages development of new teaching methods Rather than spend an hour or so talking while the students listen, or have them read an entire chapter in silence, teachers and professors now have the option to use advanced teaching methods, such as podcasts, blogs and social media. When working with a particular group or one-on-one, teachers can take advantage of web conferencing technologie.

What are the Pros and Cons on how Technology has changed teaching te.pdf

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