You are examining a copolymer for its potential as a material for .pdf

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You are examining a copolymer for it\'s potential as a material for a vascular graft. you are trying to determine whether you want a high or low degree of crystallinity in the material. what type of structures for copolymers have a higher probability for crystallization? Solution Answer: Copolymers are formed when two or more different types of monoers polymerize in a process called copolymerization. A block polymer is formed by the copolymerization of different copolymerized monomers. The first component is styrene followed by methyl methacrylate which forms at the end of polystyrene chain. Alternating polymers have regular repeating units of two different monomeric units. Block and alternating polymers can form long range repeated, ordered structures and thus have a higher affinity for crystallization..

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In a classic study of blood types in Italy, Dr. Luigi Cavalli sforza (1969) found that small, isolated towns in mountain regions had reduced genetic diversity within populations, but showed significant genetic differences from one town to the next. In valley regions with more movement of people from place to place, he found more diversity within the population of any given town, and fewer differences between towns. If you consider your genetic simulation to represent one mountain town, and other lab groups to represent different mountain towns, can you explain Cavalli-Sforza\'s results? How could you alter this lab procedure to simulate what happens in the valley towns? Solution The genetic history of a group of populations is usually analyzed by reconstructing a tree of their origins. Reliability of the reconstruction depends upon the validity of the hypothesis that genetic differentiation of the populations is mostly due to population fissions followed by independent evolution. Most patterns found in the analysis of human living populations are likely to be consequences of demographic expansions, determined by technological developments affecting food availability, transportation, or Military power. During such expansions, both genes and languages are spread to potentially vast areas. The first tree of evolution based on gene frequencies of living humans was published 34 years ago. It was based on genetic distances among 15 populations, 3 per continent, calculated from 5 blood groups, with a total of 20 alleles. The number of genes used was admittedly small, but it was practically impossible to get more information at that time. The most important difference is in the position of Europe, which with neighbor joining branches out first after the splitting of Africans and non-Africans and with maximum likelihood is the last but one..

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I need help with questions 7 and 8 I think what I circled is correct. It am not sure please help the diamond shaped graph goes to question 7 7. Retia mirabilia (singular rete mirabile) are vascular bundles that allow fish to secrete O2. In the above figure, red branches indicate lineages with choroid blue branches indicate those with ladder retia, and white branches indicate absence of Assuming the phylogeny evolution have been accurately inferred, we can infer that: a) Swimbladder retia predate choroid retia b) Gains of swimbladder retia primarily took place in lineages that already had choroid retia c) Loss of choroid retia causes gain of swimbladder retia Choroid retia have been gained more often than swimbladder retia. 8. These trees for six different groups of organisms for (A) tree frogs, (B) caecilians, (c) uropeltid snakes, (D) freshwater fishes, (E) freshwater shrimps, and (F) crabs are all colored based on whether the species come mainland India or Sri Lanka. Assuming these trees and the reconstruction of ancestral from accurate, which of the trees includes a single well-supporte geographic distributions are migration from Sri Lanka back to southern India? a) A, F b) B, C c) C d) A, B Solution 7.The correct answer is:b.Gains of swimbladder retia primarily took place in lineages that already had choroid retia. 8.The correct answer is:a. A ,F Reason: The above answers are the information that can be collected through the graphs mentioned.

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How to write main program for converting infix to postfix that allow user to enter as many input as they want ( more than 1 test) and exist when the user enter the empty line? Solution Infix Expression : Notation in which the operator separates its operands. Eg (a + b) * c. Infix notation requires the use of brackets to specify the order of evaluation. Postfix Expression : Reverse Polish Notation or Suffix Notation Notation in which the operator follows its operands. Eg a + b * c represented as abc*+. Infix to Postfix Conversion Algo : code: Post Fix Expression Evaluation Now after making the conversion what we have gained. As PostFix strings are parenthesis-free notation mathematical calculations and precedence is already defined within the string and so calculation is done very easily. Postfix Expression evaluation Algo : code:.

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How can I upload a picture in here? I tried with image properties icon and connected the image to the URL which is from \'picture painting\' or \'microsoft word\' program. When I am uploading a picture, the picture is shown before posting question but it\'s not shown after I posted question. Solution Take screenshots of that question. Go to \"Ask a study question\" and post question over there. You can a attach a file upto 10MB. So once again try it..

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For some DNAs it is possible to separate the two strands, after denaturation, in a CsCl gradient. Part A What property of any DNA determines where it will band in a CsCl gradient? density, charge. polarity. solubility Part B What kind of DNA might have two strands that differ sufficiently in this property that they could be separated after denaturation? UT-rich DNA, GC-rich DNA, AT-rich DNA, AC-rich DNA Solution PART A: Density The experiments done by Meselson and Stahl’s supported the model of semiconservative replication of DNA. In their experiment, they obtained heavy DNA and light DNA by growing Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria with a radioactive nitrogen isotope 15N, and the more common isotope of nitrogen 14N respectively. In the present experiment, the bacteria grown in 15N medium were allowed to grow in 14N medium. Then the cultured bacteria were taken and the isolated DNA was dissolved and centrifuged caesium chloride solution (CSCl). Now, the concentration gradient is established in the test tube, and the DNA molecules move according to the gradient until they reach an equilibriumdensity with the solution. DNA with 15N strand is heavier than the DNA with 14N strand, so it reaches the bottom of the test tube. PART B: GC-rich DNA GC rich DNA contains high density, which also has high melting point..

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Explain how stem cells obtained from IVF leftovers and somatic cell nuclear transfer differ in terms of the sources of their genomes. Solution Oocytes from women were extracted and inseminated with thaed donor sperm, after the process of insemination oocytes were successfully fertilized and developed into blastocyst stage and the inner cell masses of the blastocyst that were removed yielded stem cell lines. From a left over IVF, extraction of single blastomere is helpful. In somatic cell nuclear transfer, the nucleus of a somatic cell is transferred to the cytoplasm of an ennucleated egg which then becomes a zygote and is then allowed to develop to blastocyst stage. Reference 1. Josefson, D. (2001). Embryos created for stem cell research.British medical journal, 323(7305), 127..

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Does it appear that there is a difference in mean population size... In 1995. a survey of 109 countries was conducted which recorded (among several other variables) the dominant religion of the country as well as its population. It was thought that perhaps religion was somehow correlated with population, so a one-way ANOVA was conducted on the data. An ANOVA summary from the analysis is below: Does it appear that there is a difference in mean population size for the various religions? Select the proper conclusion below. (Use a = 0.05.) Solution.

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Discussion Post: The Constitution 19 19 Think about the discussion in chapter two on what the led to the \"second founding\", the experiences of the colonists, and issues the framers encountered in establishing the constitution. What was the primary aim of the framers of the Constitution in creating that document? Why did they think it was necessary? What did they hope to accomplish and avoid? Overall, do you think they were successful? Why or why not? Write approximately 3 paragraphs in response to the assignment, then make constructive comments on the posts of at least 2 other students. If you agree or disagree with one of your classmates responses respectfully give a detailed response as to why. Saying\"I agree\" or \"I disagree\" alone will not count as a constructive response to others\' work. Solution In 1865-86, the U.S. was in a dilema. The Civil War was over. President Lincoln was dead. And the nation was beginning to face a series of unanswerable questions in the after result of the Civil War like: How does the U.S. answer the Declaration of Independence’s call for equality? How does the country define what it means to be a U.S. citizen? How broadly should the right to vote be like? And what role should the federal government play in protecting the civil rights of all? These are the some of the questions raised post Civil War after Lincoln\'s death. In answer to them the FED Govt led by President Andrew Jhonson of republican party gave a speech in 1866. The major part of his speech was indicating some enormous changes in constitution of U.S by the results of Civil War. As a result of this U.S \'s first Civil Rights bill passed on APR 1866 along the amendments in the constitution took place (13,14,15th ) which was termed as Second Founding. I do think it is necesarry to bring some social equality in the times .As many years the Slave System was in act in U.S and it is one of the Sparking cause for the Civil War. Yes, It could able to restrict the nerves of the people who are suppressed over year without getting provoked..

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Darwinian evolution, aka \"Darwinism\", was merged with population genetics in the early 1900s to produce what is now commonly referred to as: a. Neo-Lamarkianism b. orthogenesis c. mutationism d. the modern synthesis Solution Ans: A theory of the late 1800s and early 1900s, based on Lamarckism, that adaptive characteristics acquired by an organism during its lifetime could be inherited by its offspring. Ans: option a. Neo-Lamarkianism.

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Construct a java method. * This method chooses the number of sticks to pick up based on the * sticksRemaining and actionRanking parameters. * * Algorithm: If there are less than Config.MAX_ACTION sticks remaining * then the chooser must pick the minimum number of sticks (Config.MIN_ACTION). * For Config.MAX_ACTION or more sticks remaining then pick based on the * actionRanking parameter. * * The actionRanking array has one element for each possible action. The 0 * index corresponds to Config.MIN_ACTION and the highest index corresponds * to Config.MAX_ACTION. For example, if Config.MIN_ACTION is 1 and * Config.MAX_ACTION is 3, an action can be to pick up 1, 2 or 3 sticks. * actionRanking[0] corresponds to 1, actionRanking[1] corresponds to 2, etc. * The higher the element for an action in comparison to other elements, * the more likely the action should be chosen. * * First calculate the total number of possibilities by summing all the * element values. Then choose a particular action based on the relative * frequency of the various rankings. * For example, if Config.MIN_ACTION is 1 and Config.MAX_ACTION is 3: * If the action rankings are {9,90,1}, the total is 100. Since * actionRanking[0] is 9, then an action of picking up 1 should be chosen * about 9/100 times. 2 should be chosen about 90/100 times and 1 should * be chosen about 1/100 times. Use Config.RNG.nextInt(?) method to * generate appropriate random numbers. * * @param sticksRemaining * The number of sticks remaining to be picked up. * @param actionRanking * The counts of each action to take. The 0 index corresponds to * Config.MIN_ACTION and the highest index corresponds to * Config.MAX_ACTION. * @return The number of sticks to pick up. 0 is returned for the following * conditions: actionRanking is null, actionRanking has a length of * 0, or sticksRemaining is <= 0. Solution public static void main(String[] args) { Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in); String userName = \"\"; String intialStringError = \"\"; int intialSticks = 0; String prompt = \"How many sticks are there on the table initially (10-100)? \"; //Max number of tries int[] numSticksArray = new int[100]; boolean intialBooleanError = false; boolean userChoiceDone = false; int userChoice = 0; String userError = \"\"; String friendName = \"\"; int userStickNum = 0; String userStickError = \"\"; String friendStickError = \"\"; boolean friendTurnOver = true; boolean userTurnOver = true; int z = 0; System.out.print(\"\ What is your name? \"); userName = input.nextLine(); System.out.println(\"Hello \" + userName.trim() + \".\"); intialSticks = promptUserForNumber(input, prompt, Config.MIN_STICKS, Config.MAX_STICKS); System.out.println(\"\ Would you like to:\"); System.out.println(\" 1) Play against a friend\"); System.out.println(\" 2) Play against computer (basic)\"); System.out.println(\" 3) Play against computer with AI\"); do{ System.out.print(\"Which do you choose (1,2,3)? \"); if(input.hasNextInt()) { userChoice = inp.

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BIOCHEMISTRY 1. explain carbohydrate nonmenclature (aldose vs. ketose and number of carbons, numbering of carbons), including characterizations of chirality (optical isomers, enantiomers, diastereomers, and epimers) 2.identify common and important disaccarides 3.distinguish all structural and biochemical similarities and differences between starch, cellulose, and glycogen 4.what are fat soluble vitamins and what are their roles in the body Solution 1. The monosaccharides are the simple sugar molecules with general formula (CH2O) n. They are mainly composed of Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen. Monosaccharides possess functional groups such as aldehydes and ketones in their structure. Basing on the functional group present they are named as aldose - that contains an aldehyde group, ketose - that contains a ketone group. They also contain many hydroxyl groups. Hence, monosaccharides are called as polyhydroxy aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones. A Hexose having ketone group is known as Ketohexose. Fructose is an example of ketohexose. . Hexose with an aldehyde group is called as Aldohexose. Example of an Aldohexose is Glucose. A Triose is a monosaccharide having three carbon atoms in its skeleton. Glyceraldehyde is an example of a triose.A Pentose is a monosaccharide having five carbon atoms in its structure. Ribose is an example of a pentose. Both triose and pentose are monosaccharides differing in number of carbon atoms in their skeleton. The molecules having a Carbon atom bonded to four different functional groups are called ‘chiral molecules’. The center carbon atom is called chiral carbon. Any molecule having a chiral carbon exists in a pair of enantiomers, which are nonsuperimposable mirror images. Stereo isomers are the molecules having same molecular formula and same bonding but differ in spatial arrangement of atoms. They are mirror images. They rotate the plane polarized light either to clockwise or to counter clockwise. If they rotate the plane polarized light to clockwise, they are called as ‘dextro rotatory’ (D forms) and are indicated by (+) sign. If they rotate the plane polarized light to counter clockwise, they are called as ‘levo rotatory’ (L forms) and are indicated by (-) sign. Diastereomers can be defined as a pair of stereo isomers that are not enantiomers. This indicates that the isomers are not mirror images and they totally differ from each other. Enantiomers though nonsuperimposable mirror images they have same physical and chemical properties, they differ only in rotation of plane polarized light. Diastereomers have different physical and chemical properties. 2. The disaccharides are composed of two monosaccharide units. Maltose, Lactose and Sucrose are the examples of disaccharides. These are referred by their common names like, Malt sugar, Milk sugar and Table sugar. Galactose is a hexose molecule. It is one of the components of disaccharide Lactose or milk sugar. It is found in the milk of mammals. -D - N - acetylgalactosami.

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All chordates have while all vertebrates have homeothermy/a notochord sometime during development. a backbone/live birth and mammary glands in the females. a notochord sometime during their development/a backbone and bilateral symmetry. a backbone/fur or hair. Which of the following is true of the bonobo? the males are highly dominant, and the females only mate with the most dominant male. they are more closely related to the gibbons than to any other primate. they are an Old World monkey that lives in central African savannahs. all of the above are true. none of the above are true. The term \"hominoid\" refers to monkeys and apes. apes and humans. tarsiers and lemurs. prosimians and monkeys. Solution QUESTION 15: The term hominoid refers to Ans- Apes and monkeys. A member of the biological superfamily Hominoidea, including all modern great apes and humans and a number of their extinct ancestors and relatives. QUESTION 13: All chordates have -----while all vetebrates have ----- Ans: C--a notochord something during their development/a backbone and bilateral symmetry Vertebrates are characterized by the presence of a vertebra or backbone skeletal bones that form an endoskeleton a bilaterally symmetrical structure. The notochord is replaced or surrounded by the backbone in the organism\'s adult stage,Chordates also have pharyngeal slits. Chordates also have a dorsal nerve cord that runs down the length of the organism. QUESTION 14: which of the following is true of the bonobo ANS : None of the above are true.

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8) IntheSpapcelabLifeSciencePayload,14maleratsweresenttospace.Upontheirrerurn,thered bloodcellmass(inmilliliters)oftheratswasdetermined.controlgroupof14maleratswasheld underthesameconditionsasthespacerats,andtheirredbloodcellmasswasalsodetermined whenthespaceratswasreturned.Theproject,ledbyDr.PaulX.Callahan,resultedinthedatalisted inthetablebelow.Doestheevidencesupporttheclaimthattheflightanimalshavedifferentredblood cellmassfromofthecontrolanimal? Flight: Control: 9.79 7.54 8.55 9.14 8.59 8.64 7.43 7.21 6.87 7.89 6.85 7.00 8.80 9.30 8.03 6.39 8.65 6.99 8.40 9.66 7.62 7.44 8.70 7.33 8.58 9.88 9.94 7.14 b)Use95%confidenceintervaltoconstructconfidenceintrevaltoestimatethedifferencebetween thetwopopulationmeans.doestheconfidenceintervalsupporttheclaim?Explain. 8.59 8.64 7.43 7.21 6.87 7.89 6.85 7.00 8.80 9.30 8.03 6.39 Solution.

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After reading about the history of welfare in the USA, describe in your own words how our current welfare system came to be. What are your thoughts about Sweden\'s welfare system? How would creating a similar system in the USA impact the field of human services? Why does the USA not have a welfare system similar to Sweden? Solution The US has the largest and most technologically powerful economy in the world, with a per capita GDP of $49,800. In this market-oriented economy, private individuals and business firms make most of the decisions, and the federal and state governments buy needed goods and services predominantly in the private marketplace. US business firms enjoy greater flexibility than their counterparts in Western Europe and Japan in decisions to expand capital plant, to lay off surplus workers, and to develop new products. At the same time, they face higher barriers to enter their rivals\' home markets than foreign firms face entering US markets. US firms are at or near the forefront in technological advances, especially in computers and in medical, aerospace, and military equipment; their advantage has narrowed since the end of World War II. The onrush of technology largely explains the gradual development of a \"two-tier labor market\" in which those at the bottom lack the education and the professional/technical skills of those at the top and, more and more, fail to get comparable pay raises, health insurance coverage, and other benefits. Since 1975, practically all the gains in household income have gone to the top 20% of households. Since 1996, dividends and capital gains have grown faster than wages or any other category of after-tax income. Imported oil accounts for nearly 55% of US consumption. Crude oil prices doubled between 2001 and 2006, the year home prices peaked; higher gasoline prices ate into consumers\' budgets and many individuals fell behind in their mortgage payments. Oil prices climbed another 50% between 2006 and 2008, and bank foreclosures more than doubled in the same period. Besides dampening the housing market, soaring oil prices caused a drop in the value of the dollar and a deterioration in the US merchandise trade deficit, which peaked at $840 billion in 2008. The sub-prime mortgage crisis, falling home prices, investment bank failures, tight credit, and the global economic downturn pushed the United States into a recession by mid-2008. GDP contracted until the third quarter of 2009, making this the deepest and longest downturn since the Great Depression. To help stabilize financial markets, in October 2008 the US Congress established a $700 billion Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP). The government used some of these funds to purchase equity in US banks and industrial corporations, much of which had been returned to the government by early 2011. In January 2009 the US Congress passed and President Barack OBAMA signed a bill providing an additional $787 billion fiscal stimulus to be used over 10 ye.

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write a pic18 divide 2 input variables. num and denom. Solution [n, d] = numden(sym(four/5)) n = 4 d = 5 Numerators and Denominators of Symbolic Expressions locate the numerator and denominator of the symbolic expression. syms x y [n,d] = numden(x/y + y/x) n = x^2 + y^2 d = x*y Numerators and Denominators of Matrix elements locate the numerator and denominator of every element of a symbolic matrix. syms a b [n,d] = numden([a/b, 1/b; 1/a, 1/(a*b)]) n = [ a, 1] [ 1, 1] d = [ b, b] [ a, a*b] associated Examples Extract Numerators and Denominators of Rational Expressions enter Arguments fall apart all A — enter symbolic range symbolic feature symbolic matrix input, exact as a symbolic quantity, expression, feature, vector, or matrix..

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