Lesson designed for A-Level Geography (Edexcel) Unit 3 – Globalisation

1. The Global Shift to Asia
By the end of this lesson you will:
•Be able to explain why global shifts
in economic activity bring a range
of environmental, economic and
social impacts.
• Be able to explain how
globalisation is linked with the
increasing scale and pace of
economic migration, and results in
a range of impacts to places of
varying scales

3. Globalisation – Enquiry Question 2
• What are the impacts of globalisation for countries,
different groups of people and cultures and the
physical environment?
3.4 The global shift has
created
winners and losers for
people and the physical
environment.
a. The movement of the global economic centre of gravity to Asia via the global shift
of manufacturing ( China) and outsourcing of services ( India) can lead to
changes in the built environment that can bring benefits (infrastructure investment,
waged work, poverty reduction, education and training) but also costs (loss of
productive land, unplanned settlements, environmental and resource pressure).
b. Some communities in developing countries have experienced major
environmental problems (including air and water pollution, land degradation, over-
exploitation of resources, and loss of biodiversity), which impact on people’s health
and wellbeing.
c. Some deindustrialised regions in developed countries face social and
environmental problems as a result of economic restructuring (dereliction,
contamination, depopulation, crime and high unemployment). (4)

4. The Big Picture
Globalisation
• 3.1 How globalisation is a long standing process
• 3.2 The political and economic factors associated with globalisation
• 3.3 The affect of globalisation on some places and organisations
• 3.4 The global shift and how this has created winners and losers
• 3.5 Economic migration and the impact of this on the physical
environment
• 3.6 The emergence of global culture
• 3.7 The increase of development in some countries and how this
has created disparities
• 3.8 The social, political and economic tensions which arise from
globalisation
• 3.9 Ethical and environmental concerns about unsustainability

5. Starter – Exam Skills
• Answer question C on page 1 of your exam
question booklet
• Answer question 1 on pages 35-36 of your
exam booklet
• Answer question 1 on page 46 of your exam
booklet

6. The Global Shift
• The twenty first century has seen a re-balance of
economic activity to Asia
• This means that lower paid manufacturing /
service and administration has moved to Asian
countries
• This has created many positive outcomes for
people (jobs, emerging middle class, wealth) but
has also created many negative externalities
(work exploitation, unethical work practice,
environmental concerns)

7. Externalities – Benefits and Problems
SOCIAL ENVIRONMENTAL
ECONOMIC POLITICAL
Read page 181 of the hodder textbook and complete the table about adding Positive
and Negative externalities (you may want to use different colours for positive and
negative)

8. Externalities – Benefits and Problems
SOCIAL
P – Improved education (30,000 PHDs in
2012 in China)
P – Improved healthcare
P – more jobs (3billion middle class
people in China)
N – non Asian-tiger countries haven’t
benefited
N – still many people live in poverty
(rural areas)
ENVIRONMENTAL
P – Thriving recycling industry in some
countries (Mumbai)
P – improved infrastructure (Jakarta
airport)
N – increased pollution (shanghai)
N – deforestation (Nigeria forests have
halved)
ECONOMIC
P – people brought out of poverty
(500million since 1990)
P – average wage increased
P – countries’ economic growth
N – growth is slowing down
N – poverty still in rural areas
POLITICAL
P – increased GDP countries
P – increased democracy
N – loss of countries' sovereignty
Read page 181 of the hodder textbook and complete the table about adding Positive
and Negative externalities (you may want to use different colours for positive and
negative)

9. Social, Economic, Political Impacts -
Examples
•In groups, you will be assigned one of the
countries
•Read the case studies on page 182&183 – India or
China to complete your A3 sheet.
•Reciprocal reading for each group:
•READER
•SUMMARISER
•SCRIBE
•SPEAKER

10. Social, Economic, Political Impacts -
Examples
Social Economic Political

11. Environmental challenges for newly
industrialised regions
•Many newly industrialised countries have experienced
problems as a result of a global shift:
•Pollution eg in China Air pollution has become a major
issue in China, and poses a threat to Chinese public
health.
•Over-exploitation of resources eg deforestation in
Indonesia and Nigeria has led to a loss of bio-diversity
•Industrial waste eg in the Ivory Coast thousands suffered
ill health after toxic waste was alleged to produce
hydrogen sulphide

12. Social & Environmental Challenges for
deindustrialised regions
•However, more developed countries also suffer as
a result of deindustrilaistion and the global shift
•High unemployment eg in Sheffield in the UK
•Crime eg eg drug related crime in US cities
•Depopulation eg Detroit loosing 1million residents
•Dereliction eg broken windows, trees growing out
of buildings, arson in towns like Blackburn

13. Positive or Negative?

14. Positive or Negative?

15. Positive or Negative?

16. Positive or Negative?

17. Positive or Negative?

18. Positive or Negative?

19. Consolidation Task
• Complete your ‘3.4 question worksheet’ on
page 7 of your work booklet

20. The Global Shift to Asia
By the end of this lesson you will:
•Be able to explain why global shifts
in economic activity bring a range
of environmental, economic and
social impacts.
• Be able to explain how
globalisation is linked with the
increasing scale and pace of
economic migration, and results in
a range of impacts to places of
varying scales