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1. ANAS I AL DERBASHI .RN ,KHCC CYSTOSCOPY &TURP 1 RN.ANAS I AL DERBASHI
2. 1.DEFINITION A cystoscopy is a procedure that looks at the bladder and other parts of the urinary system. The urinary system is made up of the kidneys; ureter (tube that links the kidney and bladder); bladder and urethra (tube that urine passes through from the bladder before exiting the body). It involves inserting a special tube, called a cystoscope, into the urethra and then passing it through to the bladder. Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is a surgical procedure by which portions of the prostate gland are removed through the urethra ANAS I AL DERBASHI .RN ,KHCC 2
4. INDICATION A doctor may perform a cystoscopy to find the cause of many urinary conditions, including frequent urinary tract infections blood in the urine, which is called hematuria a frequent and urgent need to urinate unusual cells found in a urine sample painful urination, chronic pelvic pain, or interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome urinary blockage caused by prostate enlargement or some other abnormal narrowing of the urinary tract a stone in the urinary tract, such as a kidney stone an unusual growth, polyp, tumor, or cancer in the urinary tract ANAS I AL DERBASHI .RN ,KHCC 4
5. SHORT DESCRIPTION 1.Does not involve an external incision. The surgeon reaches the prostate by inserting an instrument through the urethra 2.The actual TURP procedure is simple. It is performed under general or local anesthesia. After an IV is inserted, the surgeon first examines the patient with a cystoscope, an instrument that allows him or her to see inside the bladder. The surgeon then inserts a device up the urethra via the penis opening, and removes the excess capsule material that has been restricting the flow of urine. ANAS I AL DERBASHI .RN ,KHCC 5
6. GOAL: The goal of prostate surgery for benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) is to remove the obstruction, minimize the damage to surrounding structures, and cause the patient as little discomfort as possible ANAS I AL DERBASHI .RN ,KHCC 6
7. PROCEDURE 1.The urethra may be dilated, as necessary. The irrigation tubing, fiberoptic light cord, and electrosurgical cord are connected and the bladder is continuously irrigated during the procedure. Cystoscopy is performed to assess the hypertrophy and to inspect the bladder. 2.A resectoscope is passed into the bladder using a water-soluble lubricant. The urethra and bladder trigone are reexamined. Electrodissection (monopolar or bipolar) is employed to excise pieces of hypertrophied prostatic tissue ANAS I AL DERBASHI .RN ,KHCC 7
8. PROCEDURE At intervals, the fragments of tissue and blood clots are washed out of the bladder using an Elik evacuator or Toomey syringe. Total removal of all tissue fragments is desired. When resection is complete, the bladder and prostatic fossa are examined for residual unattached fragments of tissue. When adequate hemostasis is assured, the resectoscope and sheath are removed. A Foley catheter (30-ml balloon) is inserted into the bladder, filled with 5 to 10 ml of fluid, and then drawn into the prostatic fossa, where an additional 12 to 25 ml of fluid is introduced to provide pressure for hemostasis. ANAS I AL DERBASHI .RN ,KHCC 8
9. PREPARATION OF THE PATIENT The room of choice is the “cysto” room with the “cysto” table. A forced air warming blanket may be placed. Anti-embolitic hose are applied, when ordered. Following the administration of regional (preferred) or general anesthesia, the patient is positioned in lithotomy using padded knee crutches on the “cysto” table. Arms may be extended on padded arm boards. All bony prominences and areas vulnerable to skin and neurovascular pressure or trauma are padded. Electrosurgical dispersive pad is placed. ANAS I AL DERBASHI .RN ,KHCC 9
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