The document discusses the concept and principles of the spontaneous city according to Gert Urhahn. It provides background on Urhahn's roles related to urban planning and design. It discusses key characteristics of the spontaneous city, including that it is shaped by its occupants through ongoing transformation. It also discusses misunderstandings around the concept, noting the spontaneous city is not exclusively linked to organic growth and can involve both organic and planned development. Case studies discussed include El Alto, Bolivia and its street and parcel patterns.
1. SPcitI Workshop Bishkek, July 2013
Concept and principles
Bishkek Urban Development Strategy
GERT URHAHN
[The Spontaneous City International]
2. El Alto
Various roles
- Amsterdam Town Planning Department
- Urhahn Urban Design
- IFHP working group ‘The Spontaneous City’
- Guest teacher
- Co - founder ‘SPcitI’ with Bernardina Borra
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
3. Lowlands = below 0
Amsterdam
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
4. BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
5. URHAHN URBAN DESIGN
Amsterdam Extension plan]
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
7. Intro Changing context Concept of Public Value Amsterdam Three episodes Port & City Public Value
1The golden age and the canal ring
Canal Belt – Unesco World Heritage
PUCRS PORTO ALEGRE [2013] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - GERT URHAHN - SPcitI
8. 1930
2013
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
9. Central Waterfront Eastern Harbor District IJburgZeeburger EilandTimber Harbor
Amsterdam Waterfront
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
10. BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
11. BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
12. BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
13. BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
14. ..
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
15. BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
16. ..
SOFT PORT
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
17. BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
18. Noordoever
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
19. Noordoever
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
20. The Spontaneous City Book
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
21. 2013 Porto Alegre PUCRS
2013 Den Haag, IFHP congress
2012 Moscow Urban Forum
2012 Gothenborg, IFHP congress
2012 Rotterdam, NAI
2012 Antwerpen, VRP
2012 Amsterdam, IFHP Oostenburg
2011 Studio Sao Paulo
2011 Chandigarh, ISPER institute
2011 Parijs, ULI
2010 Hamburg Masterclass
2010 Tallin, IFHP congress
2010 Porto Allegre IFHP World Congress
2008 Stockholm IACP Cities & Ports
2007 Shanghai Dutch Design Exhibition+Tongji Univ
2007 Le Havre IACP Seminar
2006 London Rivers Ass., London a Port City
2003 Taipeh, selection Venice Arch. Biennale
2002 Tianjin IFHP ‘The New Urban House’
2001 New York, VS, lecture & exhibition with De Lijn
2000 Taichung University, Taiwan: lecture ‘Living in t
2007 Shanghai
2012 IFHP Oostenburg
2012 Moscow, Urban Forum
2012 Gothenborg, SPcitI Workshop
2013 Porto Alegre PUCRS
2007 Shanghai PUCRS
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
22. S p o n t a n e o u s C i t y W o r k s h o p | G ö t e b o r g - R i n g ö n | I F H P 1 6 - 1 9 S E P T 2 0 1 2
Hamburg
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
23. Porto Alegre
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
24. S p o n t a n e o u s C i t y W o r k s h o p | G ö t e b o r g - R i n g ö n | I F H P 1 6 - 1 9 S E P T 2 0 1 2
Sao Paolo, HelipolisSao Paulo, Heliopolis
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
25. now
Oostenburg Seminar
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
26. S p o n t a n e o u s C i t y W o r k s h o p | G ö t e b o r g - R i n g ö n | I F H P 1 6 - 1 9 S E P T 2 0 1 2
Oaxaca
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
27. S p o n t a n e o u s C i t y W o r k s h o p | G ö t e b o r g - R i n g ö n | I F H P 1 6 - 1 9 S E P T 2 0 1 2
Gothenburg, Ringön
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
28. GLOBAL TRENDS
Size
High speed
Changed world economy
Crisis
- Economical crisis
- Climate crisis
- Increasing segregation
- Citizens only as consumers
Emancipation
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
29. Spontaneous City is:
- focussing upon a vital relationship between people and city
under enormeous pressure
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
30. Spontaneous City is:
- focussing upon a vital relationship between people and city
- a plea for another practice according to a new set of rules
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
31. Spontaneous City is:
- focussing upon a vital relationship between people and city
- a plea for another practice according to a new set of rules
- shaped by its occupants, in a never-ending process of transformation
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
32. - focussing upon a vital relationship between people and city
- a plea for another practice according to a new set of rules
- shaped by its occupants, in a never-ending process of transformation
- a reaction to the tendency to view cities as ready made products
Spontaneous City is:
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
33. Shanghai
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
34. Misunderstandings
Spontaneous City ≠ exclusively linked to organic grown cities
Spontaneous City ≠ synonymous for semi permanent initiatives
Spontaneous City ≠ not only small initiatives
Spontaneous City ≠ opposite to area development
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
35. Organisch en planmatig
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
36. oerhollands
Amsterdam
‘LEISURE ALS REDDER VAN DE STAD’ W. DE KOONING ACADEMIE ROTTERDAM [APRIL 2013] - DE SPONTANE STAD - GERT URHAHN - SPcitIBISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
37. New York
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
38. Organic as well as planned
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
39. City - Gert Urhahn - Urhahn Urban Design
Zoom in
Shift
Limited number of big players > plenty of (smaller) initiative takers
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
40. ZOOM IN
‘Z U I D E R K E R K L E Z I N G A M S T E R D A M [ M E I 2 0 1 3] - D E S P O N T A N E S T A D - G E R T U R H A H N - S P c i t I
Shift
Limited number of big players > plenty of (smaller) initiative takers
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
41. El Alto, Bolivia
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
42. El Alto: street, block, parcel, wall
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
43. (PNUD United Nations Developping Programme) 1940
El Alto
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
44. 0 – 1 years
Organicgrowth
El Alto
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
45. El Alto
2 - 3 years
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
46. El Alto
3-10 years
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
47. 1 – 3 jaar
El Alto
10-15 years
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
48. 1 – 3 jaar
El Alto
15-25 years
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
49. 1 – 3 jaar
El Alto
25- years
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
50. 0 – 1 years 1 – 3 years 3 - 10 years
10 – 15 years 15 – 25 years 25- years
El Alto
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
51. El Alto
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
52. El Alto
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
53. OPEN DEVELPMENT
Shift
Fixed masterplans > open end planning and strategy
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
54. user
function
building
design public area
structure of public area
0 50 100 150 200 250 years
The beat of the Spontaneous City
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
55. Commissioners Plan New York City, 1811
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
56. New York
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
57. URHAHN URBAN DESIGN
New York
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
58. New York
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
59. Manhattan detail, NY
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
60. COLLECTIVE VALUES
‘Z U I D E R K E R K L E Z I N G A M S T E R D A M [ M E I 2 0 1 3] - D E S P O N T A N E S T A D - G E R T U R H A H N - S P c i t I
Shift
Individual initiative and action > collective initiatives and action
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
61. Collective Value
Spontaneous City can’t be successful without
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
62. Collective Value
Spontaneous City can’t be successful without
Public value is what is important for everybody on long term.
It is understood by everybody, and must be accessible to everybody
It entails: public space, landscape, nature, cultural heritage and
more
It is more holistic, some values are not measurable.
Value is never only intrinsic, it derives from what we value.
Public value is site-specific
Public value can also produce financial value.
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
63. Oaxaca - MéxicoOAXACA (MEX)
Public value
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
64. OAXACA (MEX)
Public value
Monte Alban
Historical center
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
65. BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
66. S p o n t a n e o u s C i t y W o r k s h o p | G ö t e b o r g - R i n g ö n | I F H P 1 6 - 1 9 S E P T 2 0 1 2
Oaxaca
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
67. BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
68. BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
69. Recreación en la laguna Más parques para las coloniasArroyos sanos y limpios Parque de la Madre
Renovación Estación de Trenes
Agricultura en la ciudad
Eco - turismo Zonas para acamparTratamiento natural de aguas negrasCentro de conocimiento
Reutilización industrial
Agricultura urbana y vivienda
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
70. VISION RÍO ATOYAC
Aumentar las atracciones de la ciudad y mejorar la calidad de vida
Crear un urbanismo sensible al medio ambiente
Conciencia ciudadana sobre el valor del espacio público
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
71. USERS ORIENTED
Give room for inclusion and co-creation
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
72. 4 good reasons why to include
Social Contributing to social coherence and empowerment
Spatial ‘Embedment’ of communities in the surrounding
Economical Local businesses’ spin-off
Political Bridging the gap between government and people
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
73. Amsterdam claiming the IJ areas in Noorth
Amsterdam
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
74. Amsterdam Noorth claiming the IJ areas in Noorth
Amsterdam
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
75. Amsterdam
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
76. Key principles
anchor points
clear accessibility
spatial framework
users’ engagement
Amsterdam
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
77. for many initiative takers
individual as well as collectives
Amsterdam
‘R E A C H S I N G A P O R E [ A U G U S T 2 0 1 3 ] - T H E S P O N T A N E O U S C I T Y - G E R T U R H A H N - S P c i t I
78. Hamerstraat area
BISHKEK URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY - SPCITI WORKSHOP [ JULY 2013 ] - THE SPONTANEOUS CITY - C O N C E P T & P R I N C I P L E S - GERT URHAHN SPcitI
What are the public values of Bishkek?
Which public qualities are added in the last 20 years?
What kind of city would you like to be?