The document discusses India's infrastructure sectors including energy, power, transportation, communication, and issues affecting development. It outlines the key components of infrastructure like railways, roads, shipping, and civil aviation. It also discusses the government's approach of promoting public-private partnerships and opening sectors to private participation to enhance growth. However, issues still remain around inadequate financing, low productivity, and urban and rural infrastructure problems.

2. Infrastructure of the Indian Economy

3. Introduction Different sectors Govt. approach towards infrastructure development Issues Conclusion CONTENTS

4. India's development most prominent in the world economy Improvement of infrastructure is the key to enhance India's growth Introduction

5. GDP - real growth rate: 8.3% (2010 est.) 7.4% (2009 est.) 7.4% (2008 est.)

6. “Infrastructure is the basic physical and organizational structure needed for the operation of the society or an enterprise, or the services and facilities necessary for an economy to function.” Infrastructure

7. Components of Infrastrucuture:1. Energy

8. Energy

9. Package initiative by Govt. Imports and distribution of certain petroleum products Invest in oil exploration to private and foreign companies 2. Power

10. Growth of electricity Power & responsibility distribution between center & state Spanning of length and breadth of the country Venture amongst states in power generation Amendments to permit private participation Strengths

11. Decline share of hydro power Frequent & heavy load shedding Capital invested but starved for funds Heavy loss during transmission and distribution Weakness

12. Railways Roads Shipping Civil Aviation 3. Transportation

13. Spread over 62,462 kms Broad gauge (36,824 kms) Meter gauge (20,653 kms) Narrow gauge (3,985 kms) Electrified networks (11,793 kms) 3.1 Railways

14. 85% of tracks inherited from British Largest in Asia, 4th largest in world Electrified tracks, metro rail Agenda of national integration Strengths

15. Ever increasing traffic load Inadequate finance Low productivity Poor services Too many social objectives Weakness

16. Effective measures taken by the Govt. Private participation in construction and maintenance Declaration of road transport as industry Amendment of National Highway Act Amendment of MRTP Act 3.2 Road Transport

17. Strenghts World’s largest stretching (3.314 million km across) Relatively low vehicle density per km Ease the burden on railways

18. Pathetic road condition Several missing links Remote areas of country not connected Veritable death traps Lack of adequate finance Increasing pollution Weakness

19. 3.3 Sea Transport Strengths Coastline of over 5700 km Almost the whole of foreign trade passing across the seas Skilled and competent managerial and ship board personnel Huge potential in the make of India becoming one of the signatories of the WTO

20. Limited cargo handling capacities of ports Challenge from containerization which is highly prevalent in advanced countries Fund starving Excessive hardships to ship owners due to conversion of FOB (Freight on Board) items into CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight) Weakness

21. Three sectors: Operational Infrastructural Regulatory-cum-development 3.4 Civil Aviation

22. 1).Postal System 2).Telegraph 3).Telecommunication 4).Internet Communication

23. Education, Science and TechnologyCHANGES

24. Sources

25. Public-Private Partnership (PPP) Opening of telecom sector Competition in Aviation Sector Efficiency in road sector Viability Gap Funding (VGF) Govt. Policy on Infrastrucuture Development

26. Urban infrastructure problems Rural infrastructure problems Steps taken by Govt. Construction of 1,46,000 km of new rural roads Upgrading 1,94,000 km of existing rural roads 1,74,000 crores invested under ‘Bharat Nirman’ Issues affecting Infrastructure