Retention factor (Rƒ) is the distance travelled b.pdf

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Retention factor (Rƒ) is the distance travelled by the sample or analyte divided by distance travelled by the solvent front in chromatography, so it is ratio of the distance travelled by the substance to the distance travelled by the solvent. During thin layer chromatography, less polar compound moves higher up the plate, resulting in a higher Rf value. The more polar compound has a stronger interaction with the silica and has higher capablity to dispel the mobile phase from the binding places. So, if the Rf of these substances are same, they have traveled same distance, so they are chemically identical i.e. either polar or nonpolar depending on where the spots appeared in your result. So if the spots appeared higher up the plate, these substances are polar and so on. I hope that helps! Solution Retention factor (Rƒ) is the distance travelled by the sample or analyte divided by distance travelled by the solvent front in chromatography, so it is ratio of the distance travelled by the substance to the distance travelled by the solvent. During thin layer chromatography, less polar compound moves higher up the plate, resulting in a higher Rf value. The more polar compound has a stronger interaction with the silica and has higher capablity to dispel the mobile phase from the binding places. So, if the Rf of these substances are same, they have traveled same distance, so they are chemically identical i.e. either polar or nonpolar depending on where the spots appeared in your result. So if the spots appeared higher up the plate, these substances are polar and so on. I hope that helps!.

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The most iteresting or surprising fact about microbiology is the existence of microbial cells with very small size that are able to survive and infect most evolved human beings. The perception of \'real world\' changes when the facts about the microbiology are known. These include smallest viruses, bacteria, bacteriophages, protozoans and wide variety of minute, unicellular organisms exist along with us. These organisms are ubiquitous. Though viruses are considered as acellular, they contain genetic material and carryout replication and protein synthesis in presence of host. An infectious protein molecule (prion) is able to cause various diseases in humans and animals. These facts not only surprise but explore the real world in depth what we see. The knowledge about microbiology has changed idea of \'real world\' with the introduction of microbes. Therefore, the knowledge about microbes was certainly useful to get benefits out of them and be aware of them to be away from infections. One strong change in thinking after gaining knowledge about microbes is to be away from infectious agents and taking necessary precautions to avoid infections. The perception has changed to be more careful because the number benefits obtained from microbes far less than the potent and harmful infections they cause. Solution The most iteresting or surprising fact about microbiology is the existence of microbial cells with very small size that are able to survive and infect most evolved human beings. The perception of \'real world\' changes when the facts about the microbiology are known. These include smallest viruses, bacteria, bacteriophages, protozoans and wide variety of minute, unicellular organisms exist along with us. These organisms are ubiquitous. Though viruses are considered as acellular, they contain genetic material and carryout replication and protein synthesis in presence of host. An infectious protein molecule (prion) is able to cause various diseases in humans and animals. These facts not only surprise but explore the real world in depth what we see. The knowledge about microbiology has changed idea of \'real world\' with the introduction of microbes. Therefore, the knowledge about microbes was certainly useful to get benefits out of them and be aware of them to be away from infections. One strong change in thinking after gaining knowledge about microbes is to be away from infectious agents and taking necessary precautions to avoid infections. The perception has changed to be more careful because the number benefits obtained from microbes far less than the potent and harmful infections they cause..

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The electrophilic aromatic substitution decreases ifelectron with drawing groups are present on the ring. Hence the order of decreasing reactivity towardselectrophillic aromatic subtsitution is - anisole > 4 -bromo phenol > phenol > 1-naphthol > acetanilide > diphenyl ether Solution The electrophilic aromatic substitution decreases ifelectron with drawing groups are present on the ring. Hence the order of decreasing reactivity towardselectrophillic aromatic subtsitution is - anisole > 4 -bromo phenol > phenol > 1-naphthol > acetanilide > diphenyl ether.

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The buffer solution contains the following species in solution: HCHO2(aq), HCO2-(aq), Na+(aq) When NaOH is added, the OH- ions react with formic acid to give formate ions and water. It is an acid-base neutralization reaction (weak acid and strong base). The net equation is given by: OH-(aq) + HCHO2(aq) => HCO2-(aq) + H2O(l) Solution The buffer solution contains the following species in solution: HCHO2(aq), HCO2-(aq), Na+(aq) When NaOH is added, the OH- ions react with formic acid to give formate ions and water. It is an acid-base neutralization reaction (weak acid and strong base). The net equation is given by: OH-(aq) + HCHO2(aq) => HCO2-(aq) + H2O(l).

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System Maintenance System maintenance is a current action, which cover a spacious array of activities, include remove program and propose errors, update certification and check data and update client sustain. For the reason of expediency, maintenance (1) Hardware maintenance is the test and clean-up of system (2) In sequence system maintenance is the custom update of master records, such as addition and delete workforce and clients and shifting glory limits and invention prices system’s maintenance concept Probable level of restore Universal overall restore policy Managerial responsibilities for protection Predictable accessibility of wealth Use of contractor both CONUS and OCONUS Constitutional and authoritarian maintenance guidance System development cycle The development in depth design that bring first plan job into a done with form of condition. Work includes the condition of interface between the scheme and its intentional environment and a widespread assessment of the systems logistical, maintenance and support necessities. The element design and growth is guilty for produce the result, procedure and material condition Design and development Full design Full synthesis Growth of engineering and sample model Modification of development condition Result, procedure and material condition Significant design analysis Development Cycle Planning analysis project requirements Prioritize project requirements assign possessions recognize project expansion team Analyzing perform preliminary analysis do full analysis activities: Learn present system Decide user necessities Advice clarification Design obtain hardware and software, if required expand particulars of system Implementation expand programs, if essential Install and analysis new structure prepare client exchange to new structure Support behavior post-implementation structure review recognize error and enhancement examine structure performance Solution System Maintenance System maintenance is a current action, which cover a spacious array of activities, include remove program and propose errors, update certification and check data and update client sustain. For the reason of expediency, maintenance (1) Hardware maintenance is the test and clean-up of system (2) In sequence system maintenance is the custom update of master records, such as addition and delete workforce and clients and shifting glory limits and invention prices system’s maintenance concept Probable level of restore Universal overall restore policy Managerial responsibilities for protection Predictable accessibility of wealth Use of contractor both CONUS and OCONUS Constitutional and authoritarian maintenance guidance System development cycle The development in depth design that bring first plan job into a done with form of condition. Work includes the condition of interface between the scheme and its intentional environment and a widespread assessment of the systems logistical, maintenance and support necessities. The elemen.

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Reverse transcriptase is an enzyme present in some of the virses which has the ability of synthesizing a complementary DNA using an RNA molecule as a template.This process is called reverse transcription.This is not possible by normal DNA polymerase because it is only possible to make RNA from DNA,but not the vice versa,which is only possible by reverse transcriptase.The retroviruses or RNA viruses contains RNA as their genetic material,so when they infect a host genome,they use this RNA as a template to make a complementary DNA using the host\'s transcriptional machinery and thus start replicating.Reverse transcriptase is mainly present only in some viruses,not humans,but an exception is the telomere portion of a chromosome in human and other organisms where enzyme telomerase is present which acts as a reverse transcriptase. Solution Reverse transcriptase is an enzyme present in some of the virses which has the ability of synthesizing a complementary DNA using an RNA molecule as a template.This process is called reverse transcription.This is not possible by normal DNA polymerase because it is only possible to make RNA from DNA,but not the vice versa,which is only possible by reverse transcriptase.The retroviruses or RNA viruses contains RNA as their genetic material,so when they infect a host genome,they use this RNA as a template to make a complementary DNA using the host\'s transcriptional machinery and thus start replicating.Reverse transcriptase is mainly present only in some viruses,not humans,but an exception is the telomere portion of a chromosome in human and other organisms where enzyme telomerase is present which acts as a reverse transcriptase..

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In pc engineering, pc design is that the abstract style and elementary operational structure of a automatic data processing system. it\'s the technical drawings and purposeful description of all style necessities (especially speeds and interconnections), it\'s means to|a way to} style and implement varied components of a pc — focusing for the most part on the way by that the central process unit (CPU) operates internally and the way it accesses addresses in memory. It are often outlined because the science and art of choosing and interconnecting hardware elements to make computers that meet purposeful, performance and price goals. Computer design includes a minimum of 3 main subcategories:[1] Instruction set design, or ISA, is that the abstract model of a system that\'s seen by a machine language (or assembly language) technologist, as well as the instruction set, memory address modes, processor registers, and address and knowledge formats. Microarchitecture, conjointly referred to as pc organization could be a lower level, an in depth description of the system that\'s sufficient for fully describing the operation of all components of the system, and the way they\'re inter-connected and inter-operate so as to implement the ISA.[2] the dimensions of a computer\'s cache for example, is associate degree structure issue that typically has nothing to try to to with the ISA. System style which incorporates all of the opposite hardware elements at intervals a system such as: System interconnects like pc buses and switches. Memory controllers and hierarchies. CPU off-load mechanisms like direct access. Issues like multi-processing. Once each ISA and microarchitecture has been such, the particular system has to be designed into hardware. This style method is named implementation. Implementation is sometimes a hardware engineering style method. Implementation are often any weakened into 3 however not totally separate pieces: Logic Implementation: style of blocks outlined within the microarchitecture, mainly, at the register-transfer AND gate levels. Circuit Implementation: Transistor-level style of basic components (gates, multiplexers, flip- flops, etc.) in addition as of some larger blocks (ALUs, caches etc.) which will be enforced at this level, or perhaps at a lower physical level, for performance reasons. Physical Implementation: Physical circuits ar drawn out, the various circuit elements ar placed in a very chip floor-plan or on a board and also the wires connecting them ar routed. For CPUs, the whole implementation method is usually known as mainframe design; it can even be a family of connected mainframe styles, like reduced instruction set computing and CISC. Solution In pc engineering, pc design is that the abstract style and elementary operational structure of a automatic data processing system. it\'s the technical drawings and purposeful description of all style necessities (especially speeds and interconnections), it\'s means to|a way to}.

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Retention factor (Rƒ) is the distance travelled b.pdf

1. Retention factor (Rƒ) is the distance travelled by the sample or analyte divided by distance travelled by the solvent front in chromatography, so it is ratio of the distance travelled by the substance to the distance travelled by the solvent. During thin layer chromatography, less polar compound moves higher up the plate, resulting in a higher Rf value. The more polar compound has a stronger interaction with the silica and has higher capablity to dispel the mobile phase from the binding places. So, if the Rf of these substances are same, they have traveled same distance, so they are chemically identical i.e. either polar or nonpolar depending on where the spots appeared in your result. So if the spots appeared higher up the plate, these substances are polar and so on. I hope that helps! Solution Retention factor (Rƒ) is the distance travelled by the sample or analyte divided by distance travelled by the solvent front in chromatography, so it is ratio of the distance travelled by the substance to the distance travelled by the solvent. During thin layer chromatography, less polar compound moves higher up the plate, resulting in a higher Rf value. The more polar compound has a stronger interaction with the silica and has higher capablity to dispel the mobile phase from the binding places. So, if the Rf of these substances are same, they have traveled same distance, so they are chemically identical i.e. either polar or nonpolar depending on where the spots appeared in your result. So if the spots appeared higher up the plate, these substances are polar and so on. I hope that helps!

Retention factor (Rƒ) is the distance travelled b.pdf

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Retention factor (Rƒ) is the distance travelled b.pdf