Bluetooth is a method for datacommunication that uses short-range radiolinks to replace cables between computers and their connected units. Many companies have been mulling over this idea, but it was Ericsson Mobile Communication that finally (in 1994) started the project that was named Bluetooth. As computerized implementations have grown and become increasingly more common in our environment, there has also been a growing need for cables of varying kinds, to tie all these units together and ensure communication between them. These cables, when they grow into a multitude, are not only unsightly but also increasingly cumbersome to handle, both directly and (even more so) indirectly. Consider this list of drawbacks (below):

1. What Is BluetoothWhat Is Bluetooth
PresentedPresented
ByBy
Ankit KumarAnkit Kumar

2. Who Invented The Bluetooth TechnologyWho Invented The Bluetooth Technology
It was invented by Ericsson somewhere aroundIt was invented by Ericsson somewhere around
1996 as a standard for Wireless PANs, and was1996 as a standard for Wireless PANs, and was
later standardized by the Bluetooth SIGlater standardized by the Bluetooth SIG
The Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG) is theThe Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG) is the
body that oversees the development of Bluetoothbody that oversees the development of Bluetooth
standards and the licensing of the Bluetoothstandards and the licensing of the Bluetooth
technologies and trademarks to manufacturers.technologies and trademarks to manufacturers.

3. What Is BluetoothWhat Is Bluetooth
Bluetooth is a radio standard that operates in theBluetooth is a radio standard that operates in the
license-free ISM band at 2.45 GHz. Designed forlicense-free ISM band at 2.45 GHz. Designed for
low power consumption, its reach is up to 10low power consumption, its reach is up to 10
meters (30 feet). It reaches speeds of 723.3 kbpsmeters (30 feet). It reaches speeds of 723.3 kbps
downstream with a simultaneous 57.6kbpsdownstream with a simultaneous 57.6kbps
upstream. In order to avoid interfering with otherupstream. In order to avoid interfering with other
protocols which may use the 2.45 GHz band, theprotocols which may use the 2.45 GHz band, the
Bluetooth protocol divides the band into 79Bluetooth protocol divides the band into 79
channels and changes channels 1600 times perchannels and changes channels 1600 times per
second.second.

4. How Does It WorkHow Does It Work
 Bluetooth should be compared to WiFi, a fasterBluetooth should be compared to WiFi, a faster
protocol requiring more expensive hardware thatprotocol requiring more expensive hardware that
covers bigger distances and uses the samecovers bigger distances and uses the same
frequency range.frequency range.
 Every Bluetooth device can simultaneouslyEvery Bluetooth device can simultaneously
maintain up to 7 connections. Every device canmaintain up to 7 connections. Every device can
be configured to constantly announce itsbe configured to constantly announce its
presence to nearby devices, in order to establishpresence to nearby devices, in order to establish
a connection. It is also possible to passworda connection. It is also possible to password
protect a connection between two devices, soprotect a connection between two devices, so
that no others can listen in.that no others can listen in.

5. Bluetooth ProfilesBluetooth Profiles
To use Bluetooth wireless technology, a device hasTo use Bluetooth wireless technology, a device has
to be able to interpret certain Bluetooth profiles,to be able to interpret certain Bluetooth profiles,
which are definitions of possible applications andwhich are definitions of possible applications and
specify general behaviors that Bluetooth enabledspecify general behaviors that Bluetooth enabled
devices use to communicate with other Bluetoothdevices use to communicate with other Bluetooth
devices. These profiles include settings todevices. These profiles include settings to
parametrize and to control the communicationparametrize and to control the communication
from start. Adherence to profiles saves the timefrom start. Adherence to profiles saves the time
for transmitting the parameters anew before thefor transmitting the parameters anew before the
bi-directional link becomes effective. There are abi-directional link becomes effective. There are a
wide range of Bluetooth profiles that describewide range of Bluetooth profiles that describe
many different types of applications or use casesmany different types of applications or use cases
for devices.for devices.

6. From Where Did The Bluetooth Name Came FromFrom Where Did The Bluetooth Name Came From
 The idea of this name was proposed by JimThe idea of this name was proposed by Jim
Kardach who developed a system that would allowKardach who developed a system that would allow
mobile phones to communicate with computers (atmobile phones to communicate with computers (at
the time he was reading Frans Gunnarthe time he was reading Frans Gunnar
Bengtsson's historical novel The Long Ships aboutBengtsson's historical novel The Long Ships about
Vikings and king Harald Bluetooth).Vikings and king Harald Bluetooth).
 The word "Bluetooth" is an anglicised version ofThe word "Bluetooth" is an anglicised version of
the Scandinavian Blåtand/Blåtann, the epithet ofthe Scandinavian Blåtand/Blåtann, the epithet of
the tenth-century king Harald I of Denmark andthe tenth-century king Harald I of Denmark and
parts of Norway who united dissonant Danishparts of Norway who united dissonant Danish
tribes into a singletribes into a single

7. How To Use Bluetooth TechnologyHow To Use Bluetooth Technology
 Bluetooth technology allows users to exchangeBluetooth technology allows users to exchange
voice and data transmissions between 2 or morevoice and data transmissions between 2 or more
electronic devices, given that all the devices areelectronic devices, given that all the devices are
within a short distance from one another. Therewithin a short distance from one another. There
are numerous ways to use Bluetooth technology,are numerous ways to use Bluetooth technology,
such as connecting a hands-free Bluetoothsuch as connecting a hands-free Bluetooth
earpiece with your cell phone to make phoneearpiece with your cell phone to make phone
calls while you drive, pairing a Bluetooth printercalls while you drive, pairing a Bluetooth printer
with your computer to eliminate the presence ofwith your computer to eliminate the presence of
extra cords and cables in your office, and more.extra cords and cables in your office, and more.
See Step 1 below to learn how to get the mostSee Step 1 below to learn how to get the most
out of your Bluetooth-capable devices.out of your Bluetooth-capable devices.

8. DevicesDevices
 Bluetooth exists in many products, such as telephones,Bluetooth exists in many products, such as telephones,
tablets, media players, robotics systems, handheld,tablets, media players, robotics systems, handheld,
laptops and console gaming equipment, and some highlaptops and console gaming equipment, and some high
definition headsets, modems, and watches.Thedefinition headsets, modems, and watches.The
technology is useful when transferring informationtechnology is useful when transferring information
between two or more devices that are near each other inbetween two or more devices that are near each other in
low-bandwidth situations. Bluetooth is commonly used tolow-bandwidth situations. Bluetooth is commonly used to
transfer sound data with telephones (i.e., with a Bluetoothtransfer sound data with telephones (i.e., with a Bluetooth
headset) or byte data with hand-held computersheadset) or byte data with hand-held computers
(transferring files).(transferring files).
 Bluetooth protocols simplify the discovery and setup ofBluetooth protocols simplify the discovery and setup of
services between devices.Bluetooth devices can advertiseservices between devices.Bluetooth devices can advertise
all of the services they provide.This makes using servicesall of the services they provide.This makes using services
easier, because more of the security, network addresseasier, because more of the security, network address
and permission configuration can be automated than withand permission configuration can be automated than with
many other network types.many other network types.

9. Bluetooth Virus Bites Mobile PhonesBluetooth Virus Bites Mobile Phones
 A NEW VIRUSA NEW VIRUS that is designed to attack mobile phones has beenthat is designed to attack mobile phones has been
discovered in the wild.Cabir, which distributes itself through Bluetoothdiscovered in the wild.Cabir, which distributes itself through Bluetooth
connections, attacks the Symbian operating system used by severalconnections, attacks the Symbian operating system used by several
maker of mobiles, including the big one Nokia.maker of mobiles, including the big one Nokia.
 The virus was discovered by the French division of the Russian securityThe virus was discovered by the French division of the Russian security
software developer Kaspersky Labs, who think it was designed by ansoftware developer Kaspersky Labs, who think it was designed by an
international band of hackers. The goal of the hackers is to prove that nointernational band of hackers. The goal of the hackers is to prove that no
technology is safe from attacks.technology is safe from attacks.
 If your phone is infected, the virus writes the inscription 'Caribe' on theIf your phone is infected, the virus writes the inscription 'Caribe' on the
screen. The virus is then activated every time that the phone is turnedscreen. The virus is then activated every time that the phone is turned
on. It scans for phones that are also using the Bluetooth technology andon. It scans for phones that are also using the Bluetooth technology and
is able to send a copy of itself to the first handset that it finds.is able to send a copy of itself to the first handset that it finds.
 So far there does not seem to be any other negative payload.So far there does not seem to be any other negative payload.

10. Why Bluetooth Pairings FailWhy Bluetooth Pairings Fail
 Bluetooth depends on both hardware and software to work properly. Manufacturers such asBluetooth depends on both hardware and software to work properly. Manufacturers such as
Apple and Microsoft are increasingly including radios that speak the Bluetooth 4.0 language inApple and Microsoft are increasingly including radios that speak the Bluetooth 4.0 language in
their new hardware. But if you have a device — say, a two-year-old phone — that lacks thistheir new hardware. But if you have a device — say, a two-year-old phone — that lacks this
newer kind of radio, you won’t be able to connect with devices that only support Bluetooth 4.0.newer kind of radio, you won’t be able to connect with devices that only support Bluetooth 4.0.
 When I recently tested a slew of sport watches, my Samsung Galaxy Nexus, which has aWhen I recently tested a slew of sport watches, my Samsung Galaxy Nexus, which has a
Bluetooth 3.0 radio, couldn’t connect with the Mio Alpha, an innovative device that monitors yourBluetooth 3.0 radio, couldn’t connect with the Mio Alpha, an innovative device that monitors your
heart rate without the need for a chest strap. My husband’s iPhone 5 was able communicate withheart rate without the need for a chest strap. My husband’s iPhone 5 was able communicate with
the Mio Alpha, however, because every iPhone since the iPhone 4S is Bluetooth Smart Ready.the Mio Alpha, however, because every iPhone since the iPhone 4S is Bluetooth Smart Ready.
 The good news, Jawanda tells me, is that most phones that have shipped over the last 18The good news, Jawanda tells me, is that most phones that have shipped over the last 18
months have a dual radio that communicates with Bluetooth Smart Ready devices as well asmonths have a dual radio that communicates with Bluetooth Smart Ready devices as well as
those equipped for previous versions of Bluetooth. So if your current phone isn’t Bluetooth Smartthose equipped for previous versions of Bluetooth. So if your current phone isn’t Bluetooth Smart
Ready, your next one probably will be.Ready, your next one probably will be.
 But even if my phone did have the right kind of radio for Bluetooth 4.0, my current operatingBut even if my phone did have the right kind of radio for Bluetooth 4.0, my current operating
system, Android 4.2.2, doesn’t support Bluetooth Smart. Android users won’t be able to usesystem, Android 4.2.2, doesn’t support Bluetooth Smart. Android users won’t be able to use
Bluetooth 4.0 until they get Android 4.3 (assuming they have the right hardware).Bluetooth 4.0 until they get Android 4.3 (assuming they have the right hardware).
 Devices also come with specific Bluetooth profiles. If Bluetooth is the common languageDevices also come with specific Bluetooth profiles. If Bluetooth is the common language
connecting devices, you can think of a profile as a dialect associated with a certain use. Forconnecting devices, you can think of a profile as a dialect associated with a certain use. For
example, you probably aren’t going to be able to connect a mouse and a camera because aexample, you probably aren’t going to be able to connect a mouse and a camera because a
camera doesn’t support the Human Interface Device Profile. But if both a mobile phone and acamera doesn’t support the Human Interface Device Profile. But if both a mobile phone and a
wireless headset support the Hands-Free Profile, you should be able to pair them.wireless headset support the Hands-Free Profile, you should be able to pair them.
 However, if the pairing failure is a matter of user error, there are steps you can take to get yourHowever, if the pairing failure is a matter of user error, there are steps you can take to get your
devices happily communicating with each other.devices happily communicating with each other.

11. The EndThe End