Hardware- the entire parts of a computer

2. Dr. Md. Shiful Islam
Assistant Professor
Department of Information Science & Library
Management
University of Dhaka

3. Group 1
1.Kazi Nashid Morsheda(47)
2.Rumana Rahman Shithi(103)
3.MST. Mahfuza Akter(37)
4.Sazzadul Karim(01)
5.Md. Tazmul Islam Taz(23)

5. Definitions of computer hardware
Essential hardware Components of computer system
Optional hardware components of computer system

6. According to Tim Fisher- Hardware, in the computer
world, refers to the physical components that make up a
computer system.
According to Alan Clements- Hardware means all the parts
of the computer that are not software. It includes processor,
its memory, the buses that connect devices together and the
peripheral.
So we can say, all the components of the computer system
including wires and cables connecting to the CPU and other
components of the computer system are collectively called
computer hardware.

7. Hardware without software is
like a car with no driver, it is
useless. The hardware may be
off-line that is detached from
the computer and operating
independently or they may be
on line that is directly
connected to and controlled by
the computer.
Example: A printer is an off-
line device and a keyboard is a
on-line device.
External Hardware components
Internal Hardware components

8. 1. Keyboard
2. Monitor
3. Mouse
4. Computer cases/System box/System Unit
5. CD-ROM
6. DVD Drive
7. Floppy drive
8. Central Processing Unit(CPU)
9. Motherboard
10. Memory
11. Hard Disk
12. Printer

9. Keyboard is a panel of keys that operate a
computer or typewriter. It is an input device that
enables us to enter data into a computer.
Computer keyboards are similar to electronic
type writer keyboards but contain additional
keys.
Keys On Keyboard:
The keys on computer keyboards are often
classified as follow:
1. Alphanumeric keys: Letters & Numbers.
2. Punctuation keys: Comma, Semicolon.
3. Special keys: Arrow keys, Caps lock keys,
Control keys and so on.

10. Monitor is one of the important output devices of computer. It is a
display screen, looks like a television screen. It is used to provide
visual output from a computer.
Types of monitor:
Monitors are of three types based on colours. These are:-
1. Monochrome monitors: Display only one colour against a
contrasting.
2. Grayscale monitor: This monitor display gray against a white or
off-white background.
3. Colour monitor: Displays 16 colours to 16 million colours.

11. 1.LCD- Stands for liquid crystal display.
Example: The newer, flatter type of computer
screen.
2. CRT- Stands for cathode ray tube.
Example: the traditional glass-screen,
television set like monitor.

12. A hand operator electronic device that controls the co-ordinates
of a cursor on our computer screen as we move it around on a
pad, on the bottom of the device is a ball that rolls on the surface
of the pad.
Types of mouse:
There are three types of mouse:
1.Early Mouse
2. Mechanical Mouse
3. Optical Mouse

13. Douglas Engel Bart with his First invented Early mouse Both Sides Of A Mechanical Mouse
Both Sides Of An Optical Mouse

14. Computer case is the enclosure that contains
most of the components of a computer. It also
provides the framework of the whole computer
system & it includes the power supply that will
run the computer.
Most computers contain the following devices
inside the case:
1. System board
2. Floppy drive, hard drive & CD-ROM/DVD
drive
3. Power supply with power cables
4. Circuit boards
5. Cables connecting devices to circuit board

15. CD-ROM or CD-ROM Drive:
The full meaning of CD-ROM drive is a Compact
Disk-Read Only Memory. It is connected with a
computer on which a CD-ROM can be “played”
drive& this device can write data onto or reads from
a storage medium.
DVD Drive:
DVD drive stands for Digital Video Disc or Digital
Versatile Disc. This is an optical digital disc for
storing movie’s & data. The disc uses the same
diameter plotter as a CD, but holds 4.7GB rather
than 700MB. Whereas CDs use only one side,
DVDs can be recorded on both sides as well as in
dual layers. DVDs are made in a ROM in erasable
& recordable formats. Though DVD players can
usually read CDs, CD players can’t read DVDs.

16. Floppy Drive
It is a secondary storage device which is used in desktop computers
to store information of floppy disks floppy disk are for small
amounts of data. The floppy disk is made of plastic, aluminum & a
piece of film.
Floppy drives works by storing data on floppy disk. A disk is
inserted into the drive & a special magnetic arm writes the data onto
the film inside the disk. To protect the data, a thin cover on a spring
system is placed on the top of the disk.
Floppy
Disk
Floppy
Drive

17. Central Processing Unit (CPU):
The most important hardware device in a
computer system is the central processing unit or
CPU which carries out the instruction of a
computer program by performing basic
arithmetical, logical & input/output operations of
the system.
Motherboard:
The largest & most important circuit board in the
computer is the motherboard. Motherboard also
known as main board or system board, which
contains the CPU. The motherboard is the most
complicated piece of equipment inside the case
because all devices in a computer are either
installed directly or linked to it by expansion
cards.

18. Memory:
In computing, memory refers to the physical devices used to store
programs or data on a temporary or permanent basis for use in a
computer or other digital electronic devices.
Types of memory: There are two types of memory-
1.Primary memory: It is the working memory
or the memory that can be used at run time
only when the computer is switched on. This
memory is accessible directly by the processing
unit.
Example: RAM
RAM

19. 2.Secondary memory: Secondary memory
is also known as storage. Primary memory
is much faster than secondary memory and
more expensive. Example- Optical Disk
Hard Disk:
A hard disk is a device for storing and
retrieving digital information. It consists
one or more rigid rapidly rotating disk
coated with magnetic material arrangement
to write data to the surfaces and read it
from them.
Optical Disk
Hard Disk

20. Printer
Printer is a computer peripherals device and the most commonly used
output device that produce a hard copy from data stored in a computer
connected to it.
Types of printers:
There are two types of printers-
a. Impact Printer- Typewriter
b. Nonimpact Printer-Laser printers, Inkjet, Thermal & Photo printer.
Printer

21. 1. Joy stick
2. Scanner
3. Digitizer
4. TV Card
5. CD Writer
6. Optical Mark Reader(OMR)
7. Barcode Reader
8. Sound Card
9. Speaker
10. Network Interface Card(NIC)
11. UPS

22. Joy stick is a pointing device which is used to move cursor position
on a monitor screen. Basically it is an input device of the computer
system that is mainly used in CAD (Computer Aided Designing) and
playing computer games. It consists of a handle that can be moved in
all four directions. The function of joystick is similar to that of a
mouse.
Joy stick

23. Scanner is an input device that used for
digitizing images such as photographs, forms,
documents etc into computer memory. It is
used to scan images or documents as well as
OCR ( Optical character Recognition), OMR
(Optical Mark Recognition) and many other
detecting censors. There are three basic types
of scanner :
(a) Flatbed
(b) Sheet-fed
(c) Handheld . Scanner

24. Flatbed Scanner Sheet-Fed Scanner
Handheld Scanner

25. Digitizer is used to create
drawings and pictures using a
digitizer tablet by a process
called digitizing. It consists of
three main parts -
1. A flat surface called ‘tablet’
2. A small handheld mouse like
device called ‘Puck’
3. A special pen like device
called ‘Stylus’ .
Tablet

26. TV card is a device by which with
association of monitor television’s
programs are seen. Two types of
TV cards are used in computers :
•Internal
•External
External TV Card
Internal TV Card

27. A CD Writer is a common
drive included on today’s
computers. It allows us to read
and write CD-ROM disks and
use for copying data from a
computer onto a CD.
CD Writer

28. OMR(Optical Mark Reader):
It’s a especial type of optical scanner used
to recognize the type of mark made by
pen or pencil. It is especially used for
checking the answer sheets of
examination having multiple choice
question.
Barcode Reader:
It is an optical scanner used for
reading bar coded data. The barcode
reader reads the bar-coded data and
converts it into electrical pulses, which
are then processed by the computer.
OMR
Barcode Reader

29. A sound card (also known
as an audio card) is an
internal computer expansion
card that facilitates the
input and output of audio
signals to and from a computer
under control of computer
programs.

30. With almost every sound card
you'll have four connections:
1. sound out or line out,
2. sound in or line in,
3. Microphone and
4. MIDI(Joystick)

31. Definition:
A device that converts
analogue signal in to the
equivalent air vibration in
order to make audio sound.

32. Definition: Network interface card is the card that
physically makes the connection between the computer
and the network cable.
Role of NIC:
The role of the NIC is to:
Prepare data from the computer for the network
cable.
Send the data to another computer.
Control the flow of data between the computer and
the cabling system.
Receive incoming data from the cable and translate it
into bytes that can be understood by the computer's
central processing unit (CPU).

33. Definition: Uninterrupted power
supply is an electrical apparatus that
provides emergency power to a load
when input power source, typically
main power, fails.
Types of UPS
•Stand by
•Line interface
•Stand by online hybride
•Stand by frro
•Double conversion online
•Delta conversion
UPS

34. Thank you all

35. Questions or
Comments
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