2. In the current world, it’s almost impossible to imagine that someone can live without computers. Computers have
become an electronic device of almost every day use for individuals of every age.They are essential in almost all the
business dealings that are made nowadays.The most that any industry has gained from the discovery of the
computers is the business industry because of its nature. Computers have gained significance as they have
improved the efficiency and productivity of work done. Large amounts of information in industrial and business
sectors as well as in the personal lives are stored on computers.
Computers can help businesses by making their staff efficient and productive and also save their valuable time in
any business or office. Computers in schools will help the learners to comprehend the basic concepts better with
the help of video or audio examples. Computers in higher learning institutions will help the professors and
researchers to do their work very fast and in an efficient and better way and also help them to share the same
knowledge with their other members of staff. Computers become a vital gadget in several sectors; railways,
banking, electricity, telephone departments, shopping carts etc are just but a few of them. Computers are also used
in the medical industry to help doctors in diagnosing the diseases quickly and efficiently. All the administrative
systems, whether private or public are now using computers and this practice can be evident in every part of the
world.
3. Today, everything related to your everyday life can be done
using computers. You can order your breakfast online using
your computer, you can read newspaper online, you can
work from the comfort of your home with the help of your
computer, you can watch movies and videos through your
computer, you can listen to music through your computer,
you can read novels and books through e-books, you can
play games, you can also contact people and talk to them
through your computer etc. These are just but a few things
that can be done with the help of your computer.
4. What is the importance of computer
technology in everyday life?
Different sectors in which computer technology is used on daily basis is as follows:
Office: Computers help employees in increasing production and saving valuable time through its
various software.
Educational institutions: Computer technology is used for e-learning and research work in
educational institutions.
Hospitals: Health care has improved through computer technology, helping physicians in correct
diagnosis and imaging. Medical records can also be stored efficiently on computers.
Different integrated systems: Banking, ticketing, shopping and administrative functions of
multinational companies can be done effectively through computers.
Besides these sectors of industries, computers are also used for leisure activities at home, such as
playing online games and listening to music. Most people today read online news and watch
entertainment videos on the Internet using computers. Publishing industry has transformed from
print to digital with e-books, which are downloaded on the computer through Internet.
Contacting and talking with people has also become thanks to computers. Computer technology
has become an integral part of education and development.
5.
6. What is the difference between
desktop and laptop computers?
A laptop is an all-in-one machine, with the screen, keyboard and mouse built
into the device. Comparatively, desktops typically have a separate keyboard
and mouse, and the central processing unit can be separate from the computer
monitor. Laptops are typically designed to be around the size of a notebook
when closed, so their components are smaller than the components used in
desktop computers. As a result, a laptop often sacrifices performance for
portability. An average desktop has more hard drive space, a faster central
processor and better graphics performance than an average laptop with a
standard hardware configuration.
Some high-end laptops have hardware specifications that allow them to
approach or exceed the performance of some desktops. However, a desktop is
ordinarily preferred for graphics-intensive uses, such as gaming.
One of the major differences between laptops and desktops is screen size. To
preserve portability, laptop models rarely have a screen size that exceeds 15 to
17 inches. With a desktop, the user can incorporate a large screen of up to 27
inches or more and can even use multiple screens, since the computer system
is permanently placed.
7. Advantageoflaptop
Laptop computers are portable and can be used in many locations
Portability is usually the first feature mentioned in any comparison of laptops versus desktop PCs. Portability means that a laptop can
be used in many places - not only at home and at the office, but also during commuting and flights, in coffee shops, in lecture halls and
libraries, at clients' location or at a meeting room, etc.The portability feature offers several distinct advantages:
* Getting more done - using a laptop in places where a desktop PC can't be used, and at times that would otherwise be wasted. For
example, an office worker tackling his e-mails during a hour-long commute by train, or a student doing her homework at the university
coffee shop during a break between lectures.
* Immediacy - Carrying a laptop means having instant access to various information, personal and work files. Immediacy allows better
collaboration between coworkers or students, as a laptop can be flipped open to present a problem or a solution anytime, anywhere.
* Up-to-date information - If a person has more than one desktop PC, a problem of synchronization arises: changed made on one computer
are not automatically propagated to the others.There are ways to resolve this problem, including physical transfer of updated files (using a
USB stick or CDs) or using synchronization software over the Internet. However, using a single laptop at both locations avoids the problem
entirely, as the files exist in a single location and are always up-to-date.
* Connectivity -A proliferation of Wi-Fi wireless networks and cellular broadband data services (HSDPA, EVDO and others) combined
with a near-ubiquitious support by laptops [28] means that a laptop can have easy Internet and local network connectivity while
remaining mobile.Wi-Fi networks and laptop programs are especially widespread at university campuses.
Other advantages of laptops include:
* Size - laptops are smaller than standard PCs.This is beneficial when space is at a premium, for example in small apartments and
student dorms.When not in use, a laptop can be closed and put away.
* Low power consumption - laptops are several times more power-efficient than desktops.A typical laptop uses 10-30W, compared to
60-300 W for desktops.This could be particularly beneficial for businesses (which run hundreds of personal computers, multiplying the
potential savings) and homes where there is a computer running 24/7 (such as a home media server, print server, etc.)
* Quiet - laptops are often quieter than desktops, due both to better components (quieter, slower 2.5-inch hard drives) and to less heat
production leading to use of fewer and slower cooling fans.
* Battery - a charged laptop can run several hours in case of a power outage and is not affected by short power interruptions and
brownouts.A desktop PC needs a UPS to handle short interruptions, brownouts and spikes; achieving on-battery time of more than
20-30 minutes for a desktop PC requires a large and expensive UPS.
8. Disadvantage of laptop Compared to desktop PCs, laptops have disadvantages in the following fields:
Performance
While the performance of mainstream desktops and laptops is comparable, laptops are significantly more expensive than desktop PCs at the same
performance level. The upper limits of performance of laptops are lower, and "bleeding-edge" features usually appear first in desktops and only then,
as the underlying technology matures, are adapted to laptops.
However, for Internet browsing and typical office applications, where the computer spends the majority of its time waiting for the next user input,
even netbook-class laptops are generally fast enough. Standard laptops are sufficiently powerful for high-resolution movie playback and light
gaming. 3D gaming, video editing and encoding, and number-crunching software (databases, math, engineering, financial, etc.) are the areas where
the laptops are at the biggest disadvantage.
Upgradeability
Upgrade ability of laptops is very limited compared to desktops, which are thoroughly standardized. In general, hard drives and memory can be
upgraded easily. Optical drives and internal expansion cards may be upgraded if they follow an industry standard, and all other internal components,
including the CPU and graphics, are not intended to be upgradeable.
The reasons for limited upgrade ability are both technical and economic. There is no industry-wide standard form factor for laptops; each major
laptop manufacturer pursues its own proprietary design and construction, with the result that laptops are difficult to upgrade and have high repair
costs. With few exceptions, laptop components can rarely be swapped between laptops of competing manufacturers, or even between laptops from
the different product-lines of the same manufacturer.
Some upgrades can be performed by adding external devices, either USB or in expansion card format such a PC Card: sound cards, network adapters,
hard and optical drives, and numerous other peripherals are available. But those upgrades usually impair the laptop's portability, because they add
cables and boxes to the setup and often have to be disconnected and reconnected when the laptop is moved.
Ergonomics and health
Because of their small and flat keyboard and trackpad pointing devices, prolonged use of laptops can cause RSI. Usage of ergonomic keyboards and
pointing devices is recommended to prevent injury when working for long periods of time; they can be connected to a laptop easily by USB or via a
docking station. Some health standards require ergonomic keyboards at workplaces.
The integrated screen often causes users to hunch over for a better view, which can cause neck or spinal injuries. A larger and higher-quality external
screen can be connected to almost any laptop to alleviate that and to provide additional "screen estate" for more productive work.
A study by State University of New York researchers found that heat generated from laptops can raise the temperature of the scrotum, potentially
putting sperm count at risk. The small study, which included little more than two dozen men aged 13 to 35, found that the sitting position required to
balance a laptop can raise scrotum temperature by as much as 2.1 °C (3.8 °F). Heat from the laptop itself can raise the temperature by another 0.7 °C
(1.4 °F), bringing the potential total increase to 2.8 °C (5.2 °F). However, further research is needed to determine whether this directly affects sterility
in men. A common practical solution to this problem is to place the laptop on a table or desk.
Heat from using a laptop on the lap can also cause skin discoloration on the thighs.
9. The end
Name:Anand.Gajesh.agrawal.
Std:9th-A
Roll no:03.
I am specially thanks to Jayshree Miss for giving
this wonderful project.
St.john’s high school