Presentation at University of Liverpool May 2009

1. HEALTH-RELATEDHEALTH-RELATED
LIFESTYLE SURVEYLIFESTYLE SURVEY
in several European citiesin several European cities
by Ana G. Sanchisby Ana G. Sanchis
University of Liverpool, May 2009University of Liverpool, May 2009

2. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
 Main objetive:
– Analyze the public health and lifestyles.Analyze the public health and lifestyles.
 Sampling techniques.
 Method of collecting data:
– Quantitative researchQuantitative research
– Qualitative researchQualitative research
 Any problems we might expect.

3. GOALSGOALS
1. To describe, explain and evaluate health-related lifestyle of the population in some
european cities.
2. To measure that, we do it taking into account the special features of every city with the
following indicators:
HEALTHHEALTH
Demographic indicators
Influence of migrations (mobility of diseases)
Quantity of sun
Type and quantity of visits to the doctor
Self-reported health:
­ Physiological measures (anthropometry, blood
pressure, respiratory function, salivary
cotinine)
­ Tests of cognitive functioning (reaction time,
memory and reasoning)
­ Personality and psychiatric status
­ Beliefs about disease and health
­ Health related attitudes
LIFESTYLELIFESTYLE
 Urban planning of the city and homes.
 Environment and health problems
 Work, social circumstances and leisure
 Dietary habits
 Exercise
 Quantity and use of Pc´s, mobiles and others
technological machines (reason of some
diseases)
 Alcohol consumption, smoking and drugs
 Travel
 Transport habits (walk, bike, bus, car, train,
underground…)
 Influence of migrations (as a source) in all
aspects.

4. SAMPLING TECHNIQUESSAMPLING TECHNIQUES
 Take a sample dividing the city into:
− North - South
− 3 zones (downtown to surroundings)
− Distinguish age groups and sex in the
population sample.
 Probability sampling with a confidence
level of 95,5%, leaving the sample size
and error as a function of the available
budget and time for this research.
 Proportional selection of the sample.
Sector 2Sector 2
Sector 1Sector 1
CentreCentreNorth
South

5. METHOD OF COLLECTING DATA (I)METHOD OF COLLECTING DATA (I)
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCHQUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
Type of questionnaire: longitudinalType of questionnaire: longitudinal  PANEL data.PANEL data.
 Secundary data:Secundary data:
– Previous studies
– Eurostat (health, IT and population data)
– UN
– National stadistics and cesus (as ONS, INE, INED, NIDI and others)
 Primary data :Primary data :
Face-to-face surveys (with open and closed questions, filter questions and Likert
or Thurstone scales, for example) and at homes (for looking at important
qualitative things), although it could be sent by post too.
 Analysis of resultsAnalysis of results ::
with any statistical programme.

6. METHOD OF COLLECTING DATA (II)METHOD OF COLLECTING DATA (II)
QUALITATIVE RESEARCHQUALITATIVE RESEARCH
Analysis:Analysis: qualitative software (Weft QDA, Atlas-ti)qualitative software (Weft QDA, Atlas-ti)
1)1) Historical documentary research: to analyze the evolution of theHistorical documentary research: to analyze the evolution of the
cities and social behaviors in health-related lifestylecities and social behaviors in health-related lifestyle..
 Written documentsWritten documents
 Visual documentsVisual documents
1)1) Study of cases:Study of cases:
 InterviewsInterviews in their homes (the same quantitative sample) toin their homes (the same quantitative sample) to
observe the enviroment at homeobserve the enviroment at home  relevant notes.relevant notes.
 Histories of lifeHistories of life (longitudinal study).(longitudinal study).
1)1) 9 Focus group (r9 Focus group (random choice for quotas):
 8 people /group8 people /group
 Techniques: “Brainstorming” or “Delphi analysis”Techniques: “Brainstorming” or “Delphi analysis”

7. Design of focus groupDesign of focus group
AGEAGE ZONE CITYZONE CITY NativesNatives ImmigrantsImmigrants
nationality 1nationality 1
ImmigrantsImmigrants
nationality 2nationality 2
1.1. YoungYoung
2.2. MiddleMiddle
3.3. OldOld
CentreCentre
NorthNorth 22 11 11
SouthSouth 22 11 11
1.1. YoungYoung
2.2. MiddleMiddle
3.3. OldOld
Sector 1Sector 1
NorthNorth 22 11 11
SouthSouth 22 11 11
1.1. YoungYoung
2.2. MiddleMiddle
3.3. OldOld
Sector 2Sector 2
NorthNorth 22 11 11
SouthSouth 22 11 11

8. ANY PROBLEMS WE MIGHT EXPECTANY PROBLEMS WE MIGHT EXPECT
 Population data which we need may not exist or data may not be
segmented in several parts of the cities → we may have to make or may
calculate them.
 Problems with some surveys and interviewed: the language (with some
immigrant), absences, not answer and more.
 Choosing the qualitative sample for histories of life.
 Not all people will go to the focus group  we should have other people
with the same profile.