old english period

2.  Tribes
 Tribes
 Place
 Angles land=England (before anglo Saxon England was called
Britain
Angles Saxons Jutes
Germany Saxony Denmark

3.  A group oF Indo-European peoples who invented anglo Saxon to
Britain
 Celts are also called Britons from where the word Britain emerged
 Why celts invited anglo Saxon?
 Celts invited anglo Saxon for help because they were attacked by
another tribe named picts

4.  Celts
 1:brythons (England,soctland,Wales)
 2:Gales(Ireland)
 Gradually anglo Saxon took over Britain and celts

5. Celts and Romans lived together
Romans were powerful with most dominant military force
Romans used to speak Latin language
Romans didn’t produce much literature but they did some remarkable
works
Picts(socttish tribe)they usually attack on Britain during the rule of
king Horonius,the Roman emperor (398-2420AD) the wall was
constructed for the defense,known as “Roman or Hadrian’s wall”(122-
128AD)

6.  Romans basically came from Rome.they got to know that Rome is
attacked by visigoths and they left Britain in 410.
 Roman Emperor Horonius sent a goodbye letter to the people of
Britain.He wrote,”fight bravely and defend your lives...you are on
your own now”
 Even after Roman were gone,they left their marks over the
country.They gave them new;
 Towns,plants and animals
 Roads(new road all across the landscape over 10,000 miles)A new
religion (Christianity), before Romans the native Britons were
pagans(God, spirits,power)
 Ways of reading and counting

7.  Arrived in Britain during 2nd century
 By the beginning of 4th century the followers increased.
 In 313AD, the Emperor Constantine made announced that’s
Christianity were free to worship and in 313 AD،christianity became
the official Roman religion

8.  The language of Roman was latin
 Before Romans there were a few people who could read or write
 The Roman wrote down their history,their literature and laws.
 But most people stuck to countryside old Celtic language.

9.  They came from Northern Germany
 They were brave and powerful .
 They speak Germanic/old English language
 They saild across north sea in their long wooden ships

10.  THE JUTES
 They settled mainly kent.They referred themselves ‘The kentings”
 THE ANGLES
 They settled in East Anglia
 THE SAXON
 They settled in areas of Essex(East saxon), Sussex (south
Saxon),Middlesex(middle Saxon) and wesex(west Saxon)

11.  Old English literature is also called Anglo Saxon literature
 They produced oral literature,no wirtten literature
 They used alliterative verse
 They epic poetry
 They wrote hagiography (life of stain)
 They did translation of Bible (latin to old English)
 They also worte chronicles and riddles
 About manuscript survived among which 189 are considered as
major manuscript

12.  Liitle scienti5and culture advancement
 No printing press
 Major works lost due to oral transmission

13.  Widsith- Traveler’s song consist of 143 lines .
 Beowulf- masterpiece, longest epic poem consist of 3182 lines also
called National Epic of England.
 Deor- lament’s song, consist of 42 lines
 The battle of maldon- incomplete poem.about battles
 The wanderer- a bard’s story(wandering bard to find his new lord
the death of his old lord)

14.  The seafarer- sailor’s life( sailor facing hardship of sea)
 The Dream of Rood- religious poem
 Christ and Satan – religious poem
 The wife lament- wisdom poem
 The husband’s message- wisdom poem
 The Ruin- wisdom poem

15.  Most famous of early Germanic poema
 Written anywhere between 400-10, but most likely after the 500s
 The author is unknown,but likely to be christian.it js likely that a
few different author elaborate on take
 Takes place in Sweden,Denmark,and Frisia

16.  Beowulf:main character,a herof featuring all the qualities of an epic
hero.He has superhuman strength and is fearless and brave in
battle
 Hrothgar: the king of the village that Beowulf saves from Grendel
 Grendel:a monster terrorizing Hrothgar’s village
 Grendel’s mother:a monster set her son’s death

17.  Beowulf travels to Hrothgar’s village to save them from Grendel,a
terrifying monster eating their warriors.An epic battles enuses with
Beowulf in the winner. Of course, Grendel’s mother cones seeking
Vengeance for her son’s death
 Again, Beowulf is called upon to save them all,and he fights
heroically and defeats the evil monster.After being vastly rewarding
and refusing an offer from Hrothgar to be his heir, Beowulf makes
the long trek back to his homeland where he becomes a mighty and
generous king for many years.He fights a massive dragon who is
threatening his people.He and the dragon both die in the
struggle,but he is heroic until the end

18.  1.Exeter book. 2.Jenius manuscript.
94 riddles. Caedmon
Christ I
Christ II
Christ III
3.vercelli book. 4.Nowell codex
Prose/poetry. Beowulf

19.  1. Bede
 2. Caedmon
 3. Cynewulf
 4. Alfred the Great

20.  Bede was an English monk, histrionian and scholar
 He lived in the kingdom of Northumbria
 He was named as the venerable Bede or Bede the venerable
 . His most important works
 The method of dating events from time of Christ’s Birth i.e AD
(Anno Domini) cane into general use
 Bade is also called the father of English history,but he wrote history
in Latin language

21. Caedmon’s Hymn was the only work of Caedmon that
survived
His poetic technique was nine-line alliterative
Thia poem was in honor of GoD/ praise to GoD
His works were on religious theme.
He was a first wirter who wrote on old English

22.  His works were also on religious themes
 He was the author of riddles of Exeter book
 His poetic technique was vast line version
 His famous works include, The FTEs of the Apostles ,Juliana, Elene and Christ II

23.  Alfred was the ruler of Anglo Saxon kingdom of wesex
 He translated books from latin to English
 He is the only English monarch known as “The Great”
 He is also famous for his Victories agiants (tribes before Normans)
 He also convinced monks to write the anglo Saxon chronicles
 He established laws,and promoted education