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VICTOR HORTA
- 1. VICTOR HORTA
- 2. INTRODUCTION Victor Horta Victor, Baron Horta after 1932 ; 6 January 1861 – 8 September 1947) was a Belgian architect and designer. John Julius Norwich described him as "undoubtedly the key European Art Nouvea architect ." Horta is considered one of the most important names in Art Nouveau architecture .
- 3. • With the construction of his Hotel Tassel in Brussels in 1892-3, he is sometimes credited as the first to introduce the style too architecture from the decorative arts . • The "biomorphic whiplash“ style that Horta promoted deeply influenced architect Hector Guimard who used it in projects in France and extended its influence abroad.
- 5. • In 1932 King Albert I Of Belgium conferred on Horta the title of Baron for his services to the field of architecture. • Four of the buildings he designes have been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
- 6. In tune with the public mood, after some ten years designing in the Art Nouveau style that he pioneered and for which his is best known, from the turn of the century Horta's designs gradually started to become simplified and less flamboyant, with more classical references.
- 7. The post-war austerity meant that Art Nouveau was no longer affordable or fashionable. From this point on Horta , who had gradually been simplifying his style over the previous decade, no longer used organic forms, and instead based his designs on the geometrical. He continued to use rational floor plans, and to apply the latest developments in building technology and building services engineering.
- 8. FAMOUS WORKS After Art Nouveau lost favor, many of Horta's buildings were destroyed, most notably the Volkshuis (Maison du Peuple), demolished in 1965 . Most notable are the Winkels/Magasins Waucquez, formerly a department store, now the Brussels comic book museum and four of his private houses (hôtels), which were designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
- 9. Hôtel Tassel, designed and built for Prof. Émile Tassel in 1892–1893. Hôtel Solvay, designed and built 1895–1900. Hôtel van Eetvelde, designed and built 1895–1898. Maison and Atelier Horta, designed in 1898, now the Horta Museum, dedicated to his work.
- 10. The Hotel Tassel The Hotel Tassel is a town house built by Victor Horta in Brussels for the Belgian scientist and professor Emile Tassel in 1893–1894. It is generally considered as the first true Art Nouvoue building, because of its highly innovative plan and its ground breaking use of materials and decoration. Together with three other town houses of Victor Horta, including Horta's own house and atelier , it was put on the 'UNESCO World Heritage List' in 2000. It is located at 6, Rue Paul-Emile Jansonstraat in Brussels.
- 13. At the Hôtel Tassel Horta definitively broke with this traditional scheme. In fact he built a house consisting of three different parts. Two rather conventional buildings in brick and natural stone — one on the side of the street and one on the side of the garden — were linked by a steel structure covered with glass. It functions as the connective part in the spatial composition of the house and contains staircases and landings that connect the different rooms and floors. .
- 14. Through the glass roof it functions as a light shaft that brings natural light into the centre of the building. In this part of the house, that could also be used for receiving guests, Horta made the maximum of his skills as an interior designer. He designed every single detail; doorhandles, woodwork, panels and windows in stained glass, mosaic flooring and the furnishing. Horta succeeded in integrating the lavish decoration without masking the general architectural structures.