Data on the web
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An introduction to big data, open data and linked data
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Data on the web
- 1. Data on the Web By Alejandra Garcia Rojas @aletapool http://lnked.in/alegrm 25/05/16Women in Digital
- 2. Outline • History of the Web • Big Data • Open Data • Linked Data 25/05/16Women in Digital
- 3. Web History 25/05/16Women in Digital
- 4. Web History 25/05/16Women in Digital
- 5. Web History 25/05/16Women in Digital
- 6. Web History 25/05/16Women in Digital
- 7. Web History 25/05/16Women in Digital
- 8. Web History 25/05/16Women in Digital
- 9. Web History 25/05/16Women in Digital
- 10. Web History 25/05/16Women in Digital
- 11. Web History 25/05/16Women in Digital
- 12. Web History 25/05/16Women in Digital
- 13. Web Standards 25/05/16Women in Digital https://www.w3.org/TR/tr-date-stds.html Web Design and Applications HTML, CSS, SVG, Ajax, and other technologies for Web Applications Web Architecture URIs and HTTP Semantic Web RDF, SPARQL, OWL, and SKOS. XML Technology XML, XML Namespaces, XML Schema, XSLT, Efficient XML Interchange (EXI), and other related standards. Web of Services HTTP, XML, SOAP, WSDL, SPARQL, and others. Browsers and Authoring Tools
- 14. Web Generations 25/05/16Women in Digital 250 000 sites 45 million users 1996 80 million sites 1 billion users 2006 800 million sites 3 billion users 2016 Files, Documents Keyword Search Social Networks Semantic Search Natural Language Search 2026 IoT User Generated Content Streaming Ubiquity Personalized Content http://www.quantumrun.com/future-timeline/2026 3.9 billion users
- 15. Rows of servers inside a Facebook data center in North Carolina. Photo by Rich Miller 25/05/16Women in Digital
- 16. Internet Traffic Forecast 25/05/16Women in Digital Cisco Visual Networking Index: Forecast and Methodology, 2014-2019 White Paper
- 19. Big Data in Use 25/05/16Women in Digital Customer experience Brand perception Target segment identification Demand Forecast Supply Chain Product Design Risk management Fraud detection Research Real time data Health Care Diagnosis Icons made by Freepik from www.flaticon.com licensed by Creative Commons BY 3.0
- 20. Open Data Open means anyone can freely access, use, modify, and share for any purpose (subject, at most, to requirements that preserve provenance and openness) 25/05/16Women in Digital Source: http://opendefinition.org/od/2.1/en/
- 21. Open Government Data • Transparency • Public service improvement • Economic and Social Value • Open data != Free data 25/05/16Women in Digital Open Data: The Next Phase in the Technology Revolution BY CASEY COLEMAN – AUGUST 27, 2013 POSTED IN: EMERGING TECHNOLOGY, GOVERNMENT, INNOVATION, UNCATEGORIZED
- 22. Creating value trough Open Data 25/05/16Women in Digital
- 23. Where is the data? • DBpedia • Government portals o UK, US o https://opendata.swiss launched last year (2015) o Open Data Barometer 3rd edition (2016) • The World Bank • European Data Portal • Google Public Data Directory • Data Portals search, DataHub by Open Knowledge Foundation • CKAN Instances- http://ckan.org/instances/# 25/05/16Women in Digital
- 24. Open Data Switzerland 25/05/16Women in Digital
- 26. Open Data Issues • Provenance, trust and privacy • Timeliness, relevancy, completeness, sufficiency • Licenses, e.g. for creative content : • Public domain (CC0, PDDL) • Attribution (CC-by ODC-by) • Attribution & share-alike (CC-by-sa, ODnL) • Reusability 25/05/16Women in Digital https://research.neustar.biz/2014/09/15/riding- with-the-stars-passenger-privacy-in-the-nyc- taxicab-dataset/
- 27. 5 Stars Data 25/05/16Women in Digital http://5stardata.info/en/
- 28. Linked [Open] Data The Semantic Web isn't just about putting data on the web. It is about making links, so that a person or machine can explore the web of data. 25/05/16Women in Digital Tim Berners-Lee https://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData.html
- 29. Linked Data Cloud • http://lod-cloud.net/ 25/05/16Women in Digital
- 30. Querying the web SPARQL-LD endpoint: http://users.ics.forth.gr/~fafalios/ Recipe: • SPARQL endpoint o Federated query • Annotated Website Ref: P. Fafalios and Y. Tzitzikas, SPARQL-LD: A SPARQL Extension for Fetching and Querying Linked Data,14th International Semantic Web Conference (demo paper), ISWC 2015, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, USA, October 11-15, 2015. 25/05/16Women in Digital
- 31. Thank you! 25/05/16Women in Digital @aletapool http://lnked.in/alegrm
- 32. SPARQL services PREFIX foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> SELECT DISTINCT ?authorName (count(DISTINCT ?paper) AS ?numOfPapers) (count(DISTINCT ?series) AS ?numOfDiffConfs) WHERE { SERVICE <http://users.ics.forth.gr/~fafalios> { SELECT DISTINCT ?authorURI WHERE { ?p <http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator> ?authorURI } } SERVICE <http://dblp.l3s.de/d2r/sparql> { ?p2 <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/creator> ?authorURI . ?p2 <http://swrc.ontoware.org/ontology#series> ?series } SERVICE ?authorURI { ?author foaf:name ?authorName . ?paper <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/creator> ?authorURI } } GROUP BY ?authorName ORDER BY DESC(?numOfPapers) 25/05/16Women in Digital
Editor's Notes
- Say something about me.
- Vint Cerf "Founded the Internet Society (ISOC). Now ISOC leader Internet related standards, education, and policy. It is dedicated to ensuring the open development, evolution, and use of the Internet for the benefit of people throughout the world.ISOC continues to serve as the organizational home of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Tim Berners-Lee Founded the W3C together with MIT.W3C primarily pursues its mission through the creation of Web standards and guidelines designed to ensure long-term growth for the Web.
- User generated content: blogs, tags,
- How big the data in the internet is? Internet traffic is the flow of data across the Internet. Because of the distributed nature of the Internet, there is no single point of measurement for total Internet traffic
- Big data: Digitalization of services. customer activity, analysis Text -> google correction Gestures analysis of images video Likes, dislikes internet of things, geospatial data Social media
- Big data concerns Volume, Velocity and Variety … also mentioned veracity and value One time processing is probably not big data problem… Cannot store all this data in a single computer and cannot be processed and Analyzed How to deal with big data = be able to add resources (computers) on the fly -> scale (up vs out) Distributed Data Hadoop Distributed storage (HDFS) NoSQL Distributed computing * Mapreduce - Spark, Kafka, Each computer maps a computation to a single node, and then the algorithm summarizes (reduces) the computation
- Costs Benefits of relying on big data US health $300 billion USD/year increasing the efficiency and quality service (McKinsey) Europe $149 billion USD in government administration costs A lot of investment in Big data projects Technology User experience Internet services (Google)- Smart Cities Jobs generation Computer-Science related jobs Innovation being able to deal with big data has open new doors Data-based services Mobile apps Data Science Industry Increasingly connected to the Internet in order to open up new dimensions in production efficiency. Industry 4.0 is used to refer to the fourth industrial revolution, following those of mechanization, industrialization, and automation. Health Evidence based diagnosis Geonome research Success stories: Real time prodction Uber real time rate calculation Forecast: Shortage of big data talents? New possitions as data chief officers that helps to lead Machine Learning momentum – new tools to use algorithms with big data- computer power, deep learning Spark –consuming streams, Machine Learning Data as a service business models
- The importance of opening data started in the 1950s with the Open Scientific Data concept with the formation of the World Data Center system with the aim to share Astronomical and Geophysical data. The International Council of Scientific Unions (now the International Council for Science) established several World Data Centers to minimize the risk of data loss and to maximize data accessibility, further recommending in 1955 that data be made available in machine-readable form. Other movements emerged: open source, open hardware, open content and open access wikipedia.com, on Monday 15 January 2001. In 2001, Lawrence Lessig founded Creative Commons Tim Berners-Lee (TED 2009): “We want raw data, now!” Lessig was a candidate for the Democratic Party's nomination for President of the United States in the 2016 U.S. presidential election, but withdrew before the primaries.
- Benefits Government spending Public service improvement (movability, education, health) Economic and Social Value Open Data is not necessarily free -> business opportunities by opening the data, make users to pay a service maintenance quality
- Evidence of the quantitative impact of re-use of Open Data is measured by means of key indicators: Direct benefits are monetized benefits that are realized in market transactions in the form of revenues and Gross Value Added (GVA), the number of jobs involved in producing a service or product, and cost savings. Indirect economic benefits are i.e. new goods and services, time savings for users of applications using Open Data, knowledge economy growth, increased efficiency in public services and growth of related markets. The European Commission, within the context of the launch of the wished to obtain further evidence of the quantitative impact of re-use of Public Data Resources. A study was carried out with the aim to collect, assess and aggregate all economic evidence to forecast the benefits of the re-use of Open Data for all 28 European Member States and the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) countries, further referred to as EU 28+, for the period 2016-2020.
- Privacy New York City Taxi and Limousine Commission. It contains details about every taxi ride (yellow cabs) in New York in 2013, including the pickup and drop off times, locations, fare and tip amounts, as well as anonymized (hashed) versions of the taxi’s license and medallion numbers. Open Licenses Public domain license has no restrictions at all (technically, these indicate that the rights owner has waived their rights to the content or data) CC0, PDDL Attribution license just says that you must give attribution to the publisher CC-by ODC-by Attribution & share-alike license says that you must give attribution and share any derived content or data under the same licence CC-by-sa, ODnL
- Inportance of standards Schema.org
- Owl:sameAs or other kind of links DBpedia -Towards a Public Data Infrastructure for a Large, Multilingual, Semantic Knowledge Graph Cloud by contributors to the Linking Open Data community project and other individuals and organisations. It is based on metadata collected and curated by contributors to the Data Hub as well as on metadata extracted from a crawl of the Linked Data web conducted in April 2014.
- https://www.weforum.org/reports/global-information-technology-report-2015