Future energy leader’s club lecture 2
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This second lecture in the series of energy topics explains the concepts of energy conversion and some of the appliances used. It highlights energy loss, and the need to maximize energy efficiency. It concludes with an energy audit, which is basically a method to calculate one's energy use, or the energy use of a building, family or a nation.
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Future energy leader’s club lecture 2
- 1. Future Energy Leader’s Club Online Energy Course for High School Students in Nigeria
- 5. Energy loss in conversion Energy loss = Energy Input - Energy Output
- 6. Concept of energy efficiency In reality, Efficiency < 100%
- 8. Energy Efficiency • Which would you choose?
- 9. Appliance Power rating (W) Appliance Power rating (W) Ceiling Fan 100 Well Pump (1/3 – 1 HP) 480-1200 AC 5,000 Laptop 60-250 Oven 3,000 Plasma TV 339 Hair Dryer 1,538 Video Game 195 Dishwasher 1200-1500 Satellite dish 30 Coffee Machine 1,500 Cell Phone - recharge 0.25 – 0.40 Microwave 1,500 Refrigerator/ Freezer 1200 – 1400 Wh/day Iron 1,100 Computer 120
- 10. Energy Appliances (2) • Office space (7.8 kWh/sq ft) • Street lighting (100 W – 250 W) • Flour Mills Plant in Apapa for example, has 11 General Electric (GE) Jenbacher gas generators at its Apapa Mills, with a combined capacity of 30 MW. It also has a 30 MW diesel plant at the same site as a backup.
- 11. Energy Appliances (3) • Roll milling machine (Their range of power ratings extends from 0.5 MW up to 16.5 MW at speeds of between 20 and 1500 rpm.) • Cement industry (“The cement industry is the most energy intensive of all manufacturing industries” –EIA 2013) (100-140 KWh/ton of cement) Ref: Donald I. Bleiwas. Estimates of Electricity Requirements for the Recovery of Mineral Commodities, with Examples Applied to Sub-Saharan Africa, 2011
- 12. Energy conservation • Energy vampires – • Turn-off water, heat, light, etc when not in use.
- 13. Energy Audit Name: Abdulbakre Ngozi School: S/N Appliance Quantity Power rating Amount of hours used Total energy 1 Cooker 1 400 W 3 hrs 1200 J (KWh) 2 Washing machine 1 500 W 2 hrs 1000 J 3 Electric iron 2 200 W 1 hr 400 J 4 TV 3 140 W 5 hr 2100 J 5 Home theatre 1 130 W 5 hr 650 J 6 Computer 5 50 W 7 hr 1050 J Total 6400 J/day
Editor's Notes
- Ever since the start of the industrial revolution, energy conversion devices have become more sophisticated and complicated.
- Play video as a summary: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=90M2a2kEqWc 0-40 sec https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V08Bn3Al3RY 0-30sec 1:12 – 1:50 sec 2:58-3:33
- There are so many ways to conserve energy: 1) By using only for the basic requirement: We need our air conditioner only when we are at home and that too only in summer seasons. So, just switch off the ac when it is not in use. 2) By avoiding over use: You heat a liquid on a stove only up to the required temperature. Carelessly heating that beyond the required temperature and then waiting for that to cool down is a waste of energy. In addition there is a possibility of the the liquid getting spoiled in the process of over heating. 3) By using natural energies: Use of solar energies like solar water heaters save your electrical energy by limiting the use of electrical heaters. 4) By proper maintenance: In many cases water is pumped up to a over head tank and the water stored in it can be drawn through water taps when needed, using the free gravity flow. A leak in the over head tank or leaving the taps open when not in use may lead to waste of the potential energy stored in the over head tank. 5) Use of natural energy resources: