Its about the droughts and desertification.The causes, effects, problems faced and solutions to these problems. In short I think its perfect a short review.

1. DROUGHTS AND
DESERTIFICATION
MOHAMMED AQEEB AHMED
1604-12-732-062

2. A DROUGHT IS OFTEN CALLED A SILENT killer. It
unfolds slowly, gradually takes away what you have
acquired over the years , and pushes you into the
clutches of unmanageable poverty.
A drought can last for months or years, or may be
declared after as few as 15 days.
INTRODUCTION

3. DROUGHTS
A drought is a long
period of time in
which a certain region
receives a shortage of
water.
It may last for months
or years

4. Even a short, intense drought can cause
significant damage and harm to the local
economy.

5. DESERTIFICATION
 Desertification is the
process which turns
productive land into non-
productive desert as a
result of poor land-
management.
 Occurs mainly in semi-
arid areas

6. The extension of typical desert landscapes,
landforms and processes to areas where they
did not occur in the recent past.

7. Causes of Desertification
Causes of Desertification
• There are 4 main factors in desertification
• Drought
• Over grazing
•Over cultivation
• Trees used for fuel and shelter

8. Causes of Desertification
 Overgrazing –
◦ too many animals grazing on the land
◦ animals eat all the vegetation
◦ vegetation fails to grow
◦ soil is exposed to rain and wind
◦ soil is washed or blown away.

9. Causes of Desertification
 Overcultivation –
◦ many crops being grown on the land year after year,
◦ no rotation of crops,
◦ crops take all the nutrients from the soil,
◦ the soil becomes infertile and nothing can grow.
◦ Because there are no crops to protect the soil the soil is again
easily eroded by the wind and rain.

10. Causes of Desertification
 Removal of trees for fuel and shelter –
◦ There are few trees in the desert and their roots
hold the soil together.
◦ When the trees are removed for firewood or to
build shelter the roots die and the soil becomes
loose.
◦ Yet again this means the soil can be easily blown
or washed away.

11. Multiscale and multidisciplinary nature of
desertification
Desertification
Drought
Land
degradation
Biodiversity
Change
in land
use
Crop
production
Poverty
Migrations
Abandonment
Unsustainability

12. Effects of desertification?
The effects of desertification are wide
ranging. The effect varies according to
vulnerability.

13. Starvation
 Food and water
shortages lead to
malnutrition,
famine, disease
and high death
rates.

14. Environmental impacts
 Loss of biodiversity.
 Soil erosion.
 Damages to watershed
 Loss of ecological stability.
 Changes in hydrological regime.

15. Animals/insects
 Overgrazing means all
vegetation is eaten.
 Animals trample the
ground reducing it to
dust.
 Animals die and can’t
breed.

16. Migration
 From rural to
urban areas
causing over-
population in
towns.
 To refugee
camps.

17. DESPAIR & DEATH
 With droughts
continuing for
years and
subsequent crop
failures and
government
measures falling
short of what the
scale of disaster
demands, farmers
resort to suicides.

18. Solutions?
How can we solve the
problems of
desertification?

19. Short Term Solutions
 Refugee Camps
 Medical Aid
 Food and Clothing Aid
Things to Think About
 Where does the aid come from?
 Does the aid reach the people who need it?
 How long might people stay in these
camps?

20. Long Term Solutions
 Fence off areas to prevent animals grazing
there
 Introduce drought resistant crops e.g. Millet
 Plant trees and bushes to provide cover for
soil and stop it being blown or washed away

21.  Water Conservation, Storage
Structures and Management
 Water harvesting and conservation

22. THANK YOU

24. Choose a Layout
…then click the placeholders to add your own pictures and
captions.

26. Cloud seeding in Drought Prone regions
 a form of weather modification, it is an
attempt to change the amount or type of
precipitation that falls from clouds, by
dispersing substances into the air that
serve as cloud condensation or ice
nuclei, which alter the microphysical
processes within the cloud.
Eg:
 Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and
Maharashtra since 2003
 induced rain in the drought-hit
Anantapurdistrict

27. On the Picture Tools | Format tab, you can create your own frames
and make picture corrections such as adjusting contrast and
brightness or cropping the picture for just the right look.

29. Picture Quick Styles give you great looking “frames” in a single click.

30. The soil becomes
unusable
Nutrients in the soil can be
removed by wind or water.
Lack of sales for some
countries
Countries that rely on crops
being sold cannot make
anything off of them if the
soil isn’t fertile enough to
produce them.
Food loss/ famine
The soil cannot produce food
so people cannot eat. Poor
countries that rely on this
food source may result in a
famine.
People near affected
areas
Desertification can cause
flooding, poor water
quality, dust storms, and
pollution. All of these
effects can hurt people
living near an affected
region
Environmental/Social/Economic
effects

32.  Do research on cloud seeding
 On pics of droughts
 On places which transformed for better
after proper management and care. With
pics