Amit Payal

1. PMM / Jochen Knecht 01.07.2009
plaster mortar
Types of Mortar
floor screed
shotcrete mortar
fire-proofing mortar
repair mortar
• sand: 0-4mm
• pumpability!
• select binder acc. to setting time,
water & air resistance requirements
• sand: 0-8mm
• pumpability!
• admixtures: fibres -> density
• normal: 1:2,5 to 1:3
( cement : sand
-> volume)
• normal: 1:4
(cement : sand)
• sand: 0-8mm • admixtures: for very quick setting time
• sand: 0-4mm
• pumpability!
• no site-mix
• delivered by RMC
• no site-mix
only ready-mix
• admixtures: for fire-resistance
• mixing time normally >3 min => no MP25!
• sand: 0-4mm
• pumpability!
• no site-mix
only ready-mix
• admixtures: acc. to special requirements
• preferrably with worm pump

2. PMM / Jochen Knecht 01.07.2009
Types of Plaster Mortars according to binder
++0-pumpability
+++0-finish (interior)
+++0--flexibility
--
(not in wet areas =>
fungal problems)
0+++water resistance
--0+++density
gypsumlimelime/cementcement-> binder

3. PMM / Jochen Knecht 01.07.2009
Exterior plastering => which plaster type?
lime cement
cement mortar

4. PMM / Jochen Knecht 01.07.2009
Interior plastering => which plaster type?
gypsum, lime,
lime/cement or
cement based
plaster
READY MIXED
or SITE MIX

5. PMM / Jochen Knecht 01.07.2009
Ready-mix
Machine plastering material: ready-mix or site-mix?
Site-mix
costs
availability
pumpability
plaster quality
operator errors
special properties,
applications
?
?
plaster
sand (?)

6. PMM / Jochen Knecht 01.07.2009
Plaster sand – grain size composition
2 - 4 mm
1 - 2 mm
0,5 - 1 mm
0,25 - 0,5 mm
0,125 - 0,25 mm
< 0,125 mm (“dust”) dust is a must in the mixture in order to
receive pumpable material
5 -
10%
5 -
10%
15 -
20%
12 -
18%
10 -
15%
30 -
40%

7. PMM / Jochen Knecht 01.07.2009
Washed sand
dust particles are missing => mortar is not pumpable!
Washed sand, e.g. river sand
2 - 4 mm
1 - 2 mm
0,5 - 1 mm
0,25 - 0,5 mm
0,125 - 0,25 mm

8. PMM / Jochen Knecht 01.07.2009
Example for dune sand (single grain sand)
0,5 mm
single grain size
Material with this sand quality is not pumpable without optional:
- stone powder - lime
- fly ash - other chemical admixtures
How to test pumpability?
1. Fill material together with water
into a bucket and mix properly
1. Wait for 10 min. 1. If water separates from material
=> mixture is NOT pumpable!
10 min.

9. PMM / J. Knecht 29.02.2009
Grain size composition of 4mm plaster sand
The ideal gradiation for mortar machines is between standard curves B4 and C4
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 0,125 0,150 0,25 0,30 0,50 0,60 1 1,18 2 2,36 4 4,75
Particle Size [mm]
PercentagePassing[%]
B4 C4
the content of fines (filler, clay, dirt) is very important for the
pumpability - the more the better !
The content of the fine particles (fillers, clay, dust) is very important for the
pumpability! But, if it is too much, cracks may occure due to the higher shrinkage.

10. PMM / J. Knecht 29.02.2009
Grain size composition of shotcrete sand
Shotcrete Aggregate Grading 3/8 inch
0
85
2
10
25
50
80
95
100 100 100
60
30
10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 No.100 = 150μm No.50 = 300μm No.30 = 600μm No.16 = 1.18mm No.8 = 2.36mm No.4 = 4.75mm 3/8inch = 9.5mm
Sieve Size
PercentByMassPassingIndividualSieves[%]