This document discusses Alyssa Post's diversity and design class project. It provides an introduction to Alyssa and discusses how the class opened her eyes to various issues around the world, particularly those regarding disability and communication design. The document outlines Alyssa's responses to several discussion questions for the class, covering topics like what is design, innovations that impacted society, and examples of designs influenced by diversity groups. Alyssa analyzes how various media like photographs have shaped perspectives and discusses the social impacts of inventions like cell phones and production methods like Henry Ford's assembly line.

1. Alyssa Post
University at Buffalo-State University of New York
ARC 211-Discussion Questions-Spring 2017
https://geneticliteracyproject.org/2016/ 1

2. Welcome to my Diversity and Design Project
My name is Alyssa Post, and this is one of my first design classes that I`ve taken. Diversity and Design has opened up my eyes to the
many issues going on in the world. One module that stuck out to me was the one about disabilty. I`ve never realized how much I take
for granted, and how people with disabilities sometimes do seem to be discriminated against without even trying. Another module that
stands out to me would be the one on communication desgin. This module really got me thinking, and the way that some issues are
protrayed really do have a huge impact on people. For example, the photos of the starving children or from Vietnam. It made me want
to make a difference in life as well as open my eyes to the problems with war. Overall, the class had an enormous impact on my life.
The following pages document my responses to the online discussion questions in the Spring 2017 version of ARC 211 American
Diversity and Design at the University at Buffalo – State University of New York
‘

4. Response to Introduction:
This thread provides you with an opportunity to "meet" each
other and initiate a connection with participants in your group. In
responding to this discussion thread, please introduce yourself
and provide us with one interesting fact about yourself. After
posting your introduction, take a look through and reply to some
of the others. The purpose of this exercise is to develop a sense
of community. You might find that you share similar experiences
and can help each other in many ways throughout the semester.
Hello everyone, my name is Alyssa Post. I am 18 years old, and I am a
transfer student to the University at Buffalo. I began my fall semester at Erie
Community College, and took a couple of general education courses. I have
always planned on coming to UB, that’s why I only stayed there for one
semester. I plan on applying for the occupational therapy program next fall,
with hopes of pursuing that as my career. I was born and raised here in
Buffalo, New York. I have always been very interested in the design of
Buffalo, and spend most of my summers or free time exploring around it. My
favorite place to go is Elmwood Avenue; I love the shops and the restaurants
as well as the quaint feeling to it. One interesting fact about me would be that
I can play the piano. I was taught by my uncle at a young age, and sometimes play it here and there. I am very interested in music, am
always listening to it. I like many different genres of it, and like to switch it up often. I am interested in the many topics we will be
discussing this semester, and am very excited to start the class!
I am the photographer, Alyssa Post

5. Response to "What is design?"
from Hello World On “What is design?” from Hello World:
Where Design Meets Life by Alice Rawsthron. The author opened
her chapter with the example of Ying Zheng, the ruler of the Qin
empire, one of the most powerful and enduring empires I the
history of China. She explained how design innovation contributed
to Ying Zheng’s success. For example, in the development of
weaponry, he resolved many problems by standardizing parts, and
this single innovation gave his armies great advantage over other
armies.
For this discussion, let’s move away from 246 B.C. China, and into
the U.S. Describe an innovation or invention (can be current or
historical) that gave advantage to a group of people in the U.S. or
to the population as a whole. What were the social impacts of this
innovation? Were any groups negatively impacted by this
innovation? For example, the telegraph, developed and patented
in the United States in 1837 by Samuel Morse, permitted people and commerce to transmit messages across both continents
and oceans almost instantly, with widespread social and economic impacts. This heightened communication speed allowed
business persons to make decisions with up-to-date information, often resulting in big profits. Those without access had to rely
on out-dated information, which put them at a disadvantage?
An invention which impacted an entire population would be the cell phone. It was first invented in the 1900s, but has since been
improved and changed quite a bit. Many people today could not imagine their life without a cell phone. Before them, people could not
keep in contact as easily as they are able to now. We are able to contact people across the country in an easy phone call or text
message. With cell phones continuing to modernize, video chat is becoming a bigger trend. This allows people who aren`t even in the
same area to be able to talk face to face just on their cell phone. Cell phones make it easier to keep society connected, though cell
phones can also make people less social and disconnected. With the amount that cell phones can do, people seem to always be buried
in them, not speaking with others face to face. This can lead to a huge disconnect between people, because they`re unable to hold a
conversation in person. Therefore, cell phones have both a large positive as well as negative impact on those in society.
http://www.kulr8.com/story/34272877/bill

6. Response to “Introduction” from Diversity and Design
On “Introduction” from Diversity and Design: Understanding Hidden
Consequences, The editors state that “diverse participation in the
design process, from both professionals and public citizens alike, yields
more equitable results.” This makes sense, but typically has not been the
case. Nonetheless, many marginalized groups have impacted design in
ways that have changed our visual and physical worlds as well as our
systems, policies, and institutions. For example, in the 1960s, disability
rights advocates designed media events to raise awareness about
barriers in the physical environment. They persisted with their efforts
for decades, and, finally, in 1990, the Americans with Disabilities Act
became law. It mandated accessibility in public accommodations such as
restaurants and stores, public transportation, communication, and other
areas of public life. This dramatically changed our physical environment
(from curb cuts to ramps to automatic doors) and the results made
public life more equitable. Now it’s your turn. Describe a design that
was impacted by a diversity group. How and why did it change form
and/or circumstances? (Note that a design can be anything requiring
planning and development prior to the production of an action,
system, visual, material object, or environment. Also, keep in mind
that, for our purposes, a diversity group is a group of individuals who
are underrepresented in society in some way—children, older adults, the economically disadvantaged, those with cognitive
disabilities, etc.)
An example of design which impacted a diversity group to me, would be a baby walker. The idea of this came about in abou t the
1870s. The idea behind the invention was simply to help the baby learn how to walk. The walker is supposed to help motor
development in children, allowing them to get the feel for walking on their own. Though a baby walker is specific to babies, a walker
can also be used for elderly, disabled or injured people. Though the design of the walker may be different, it still serves the same
purpose. For example, someone who just got into an accident and broke their leg might use a walker in physical therapy to help them
learn how to walk again and gain strength in that leg. Or, elderly people who struggle to walk on their own can use it as assistance. A
walker can serve for many different people, but overall is used for the same purpose. Melanie Barton, “The
History of Baby Walkers” http://www.actforlibraries.org/health/childrens-health/2013/12/the-history-of-baby-walkers.html
http://www.chiccoshop.com/gear/activity/

7. Response to Media/Society Chapter and TED on photographs
Where would you place the images shown in Photos That
Changed the World into Croteau and Hoynes' diagram entitled
“Model of Media and the Social World”? Identify a mass media
photograph taken in your own lifetime that has served as an
icon of an event. (Feel free to add an attachment.) What roles
does this photo play in the communication of the event?
I would put the photos from Photos that Changed the World into the
readers or the audience portion of the “Model of Media and Social
World.” These images would be placed here, because they are
meant to get people thinking and really hit home for some of them.
For example, in the time of Vietnam many images were brought
broadcasted or printed for the public to see, exposing the horrors the
men were enduring while in war. In high school, we watched a
documentary called “Dear America: Letters Sent Home from
Vietnam.” The film was actors reading real letters which military men sent back home to their families, wives etc. while they were in
Vietnam fighting in the war. The documentary showed many photos, as well as real life videos that even to this day made me really
think deeply about the war, and how awful it truly was. That is the point of these photos, it is to get in your head and make you really
think about the fact that these events as well as tragedies really do happen in real life. Another example from the TED talk being the
starving children. Starvation kills nearly 3 million children a year, as well as puts children at risk for various infections. The photos
taken of these children are meant to open up the eyes of those viewing them. Making the people want to make a change, and donate or
stop wasting food because there are children out there who are starving. An example of a photo to get people thinking would be the
one shown. This is what seems to be a military wife who lost her husband, and is sleeping beside him one last time. This image is
meant to make people realize war is serious, and many men and women risk their lives every day to give us the freedom that we have
today. Not only does it affect the people who are fighting, but it also impacts their families and spouses etc. The image is
heartbreaking, and should be very moving.
http://data.unicef.org/topic/nutrition/malnutrition/#
https://atwar.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/05/ 1

8. Response to Articles on Hats as Communication Desgin
Typically, we do not think of hats as elements of mass
media or social media. However, the two hats (red and
pink) discussed in the articles certainly have taken on that
role. Why are the two hats (red and pink) mentioned in
the articles vehicles of communication design? What
meanings do each of the two hats carry? In terms of
communication design, how are they similar? And how
are they different from one another?
The two hats discussed in the readings were the red baseball cap for Donald Trump which reads, “Make America Great Again,” and a
pink knit “pussy” hat. The “Make America Great Again” hat was often seen throughout the 2016 presidential election as a
representation of the Republican candidate Donald Trump. This hat was mass produced for Trump, in order for people of that party to
show their support for him in the presidential race. The hat is simply red, with white writing on it, the simplicity goes to show support
for Trump as well as the Republican party. The pink “pussy hat” is a representation of the Women`s March that went on in January.
This march was to show women still have power, and deserve equal rights with man. The march took place after the inauguration of
president Trump, because of comments he had made about women in the past. The hate became the face of the Women`s March, and
as a representation of women. Both hats are recognized for their simplicity, but the simplicity of them is what represents an important
meaning. Just by looking at someone`s hat, we can tell their political views without it even being stated once. The difference between
the two is one hat supports Trump, while the other does not. These articles go to show that simplicity goes a long way.
http://conservativeread.com/womens-march 17

9. Response to “Industrial Design” by John Heskett and “The Incredible Inventions of
Intuituve Al” by Maurice Conti
In his chapter on industrial design (written in 1987), historian John Heskett claims that the
methods of mass production introduced by Henry Ford in the U.S. involved new concepts of
the standardization and integration of the production line that were adopted across the world.
With Ford’s method, work could be completed by relatively unskilled workers; it was more
efficient and with this method, products were made more quickly and cheaply than previously
possible. What were some of the social consequences of Ford’s production line? In other
words, how did this system change our U.S. society? Do any of those changes remain with us
today? Now consider Maurice Conti’s TED Talk, and the predictions he makes about
production. How do you think manufacturing processes will change in the next twenty years?
How do you think these changes will affect our U.S. society?
Henry Ford created his assembly line in 1913, as a way to produce a constant movement
of activity to create cars quickly and efficiently. The production line wasn`t a consequence
for society, it really improved it. Labor of production was cheap and efficient, therefore many more cars were becoming a part of
society. This changed society because more people had cars, and it became a “social norm.” Though their production was different,
they still grew society becoming more popular. After watching the TED talk, I believe production is going to change immensely over
the next 20 years. Machines will grow and modernize, making work easier and more efficient. Though machines are cheap labor and
less work, I feel like they malfunction easily which can be dangerous. Although robots don`t need to get paid for work, they can take
away jobs causing more unemployment. We need jobs to keep a stable society, and robots could potentially take them. But, robots
could bring our factories back to the US because they are so cheap. Another question stemming from that though, is how expensive
are robots? And would they be more expensive than to pay humans to work?
http://corporate.ford.com/innovation/100-years-moving-assembly-line.html
http://theoldmotor.com/?p=31273 1

10. Response IKEA Awards and Cradle-to-Cradle Video
Which of the 2016 IDEA Gold Award products seems to defy the Cradle-
to-Cradle concept developed by architect William McDonough and
chemist Dr. Michael Braungart? How does this product resist or
disregard the concept? Provide an example of any product that
embraces Cradle-to-Cradle design. Please describe and site sources.
The 2016 IKEA Gold Award product I chose was the Suncubator. This product is an
incubator for infants which uses the sunlight as a source of heat for the bed. The
purpose of the product is to keep a newborn baby`s body temperature at regulation.
This was made for places where the temperature goes from one extreme to the other
at day and night. Most commonly now, incubators use a lightbulb in order to heat the bed which involves electricity. But, the places where these
suncubators would be needed, are places that are poverty stricken and do not have access to these amenities. Each year, around 3.6 million deaths
occur in newborns and infection as well as hypothermia are the causes. Babies lack the ability to regulate heat on their own, and after birth is
when they lose the most heat. The Cradle-To-Cradle concept is about minimizing and rethinking. In this product, the use of electricity is
minimized due to the solar power which is used. The product is rethought, because the sun is being used as a natural resource rather than using the
typical light bulb. The product is efficient in that aspect, because it uses a natural resource which is plentiful in these areas. Another product would
be the Venlo bag. Regular plastic bags are horrible for the environment and take thousands of years to breakdown. This bag is made from Cradle-
to-Cradle office paper, and flax fibers. The bag uses no glue and is self-assembled. Not only does it decrease the amount of plastic that goes into
our environment, but when broken down it can be used as soil for a garden. This bag is helpful to the environment in more ways than one.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3001630/, http://www.core77.com/posts/36797/4-Examples-of-How-Cradle-to-
Cradle-Fosters-Product-Design-Innovationnnbsp
https://7f9c61237bd6e732e57e-5fa18836a2a 1

11. Response to All Module 4 Materials
Your readings and viewings this week present different ways of thinking about architecture.
Mies Van der Rohe describes architecture as “The will of the epoch translated into space.”
Andrew Ballantyne describes architecture as the background for life. Jeanne Gang describes it
as the act of building relationships. All agree that architecture can change based on context and
culture. Choose two works of architecture from any of your materials this week—one with
sensibilities about the past and one with sensibilities about the present and/or future. How do
each of these buildings either reflect or challenge their cultural contexts? (Use the SEE-IT
method to respond to this question.)
A work of architecture that shows sensibilities about the past would be The Wainwright
Building. This is one of the first ever skyscraper built by Louis Sullivan. It was built in the
1880s, due to the fact that people were urging for places for businesses downtown in New
York and Chicago. The architects wanted to figure out a way to make buildings taller, so they
were able to hold more businesses in their cities. They used the idea of “a wedding cake” by stacking the building more and more.
This created the idea of skeleton framed construction. Sullivan was able to combine both vertical and horizontal building techniques in
order to stack the building, which is something nobody has ever done before. The structure was 10 stories high, and was a building
block for how skyscrapers are created today. A work of architecture that shows sensibilities about the future or present is the Robie
house which was built by Frank Lloyd Wright. This was known as a “prairie house,” and was different from the original box-like
houses from this time. The house had more space, and even a 3 car garage. The windows seem to give the home a more flowy look,
and was the inspiration of “ranch style” houses like we have today.
http://stlcin.missouri.org/history/structdetail.cfm?Master_ID=1361 http://interactive.wttw.com/tenbuildings/robie-house
https://www.stlouis-mo.gov/government/de 1

12. Response from Ballantyne and Zumthor Articles
Andrew Ballantyne and Peter Zumthor present ideas
about architecture that seem to value the sensorial and
material elements of life. How are Ballantyne’s and
Zumthor’s viewpoints on architecture alike? More
importantly, how do they differ? (Use the SEE-IT
method to respond to this question.)
Both Zumthor and Ballantyne believe in similar views on
design, and see that architecture is the background for life.
They both agree that the most important part of design is
that the building as well as the construction for it. Also,
they see buildings and structures for their beauty, and believe that any people look past that. Although the two seem to be very similar,
Zumthor believes in “working within the things” This meaning that he wants architecture to blend in with where it is located. He
believes they shouldn`t “stick out” and that they need to go with the flow of the area. Where ever the structure is placed should be a
reflection on the others surrounding it. Also, in my opinion Zumthor looks deeper into buildings than Ballantyne. Whereas Ballantyne
believes “a building cannot be separated from what it does.” This means a building is a building and it should serve its purpose for
that, and not be changed just so it can fit into the aesthetic of that specific area. He believes a building is way more than the way it
looks, it should be for its purpose as well as looks.
http://www.wallpaper.com/architecture/ar 1

13. Response to Levy Article
John Levy’s article, “An Overview: The Need for Planning,” discussed
ways in which planning can determine the characteristics of a place. For
example, some smaller towns restrict the heights of buildings to maintain
a certain scale. How did planning define the character of the place in
which you grew up?
I live in Depew, New York which is a small town in Buffalo. I live on a long
street with many diverse houses on it. Some homes are ranch style, while some
are two story home but no two houses look the same. My house has a giant
open back yard with a creek in the back, while others have small fenced in
yards. All houses on the street are neutral colored or some are brick, except the
one across the street from me which is very unique to the area. This house in
particular is blue. Not only is it blue but it is light blue on top, and dark blue on
the bottom. The day it was being painted, many people in the neighborhood
feared that the obnoxious, and bright color of this home would bring down the
value of theirs, because it really is an eye sore in such a quaint neighborhood like ours. This just goes to show there isn`t much
planning in the area where I grew up. Although that blue house is very unique, each home has its own diverse look to it. I`ve heard
that my street is one of the cutest in the area and the different houses makes it more comfortable in my opinion. I feel like houses that
are all the same looks too structured, and doesn`t allow people to have their own design freedom. Although some houses on my street
might not be as well-kept or up to date as others, I think it gives the area uniqueness. Without diversity, the street would be boring and
too plain. Diversity is what keeps an area interesting, and being able to design a house how you want is a way to express yourself.
http://www.landsat.com/depew-new-york-ae 1

14. Response to Pruitt Igoe Project, Talen and Larson
Imagine that you are part of a urban planning and design firm
working with Emily Talen (author of “Design That Enables
Diversity”) and Kent Larson (who gave the TED Talk "Brilliant
Designs to Fit More People In Every City" The thee of you have
been tasked with developing a plan to rebuild Pruitt Igoe in St.
Louis. City officials told the three of you that that they want to do it
right this time. Identify three strategies for rebuilding Pruitt Igoe in
ways that promise to be more successful. What would Talen do? What
would Larson do? What would you do? How would your strategies
differ from those of the original urban planners/designers of the project?
Why would your strategies be more effective?
“Design that Enables Diversity” written by Emily Talen was about how cities have little, to no diversity to them, and how it can be
seen as a major problem. She believes Urban planning often ends up with segregation, and most places are separated by race,
occupation etc. Talen`s goal is called place diversity, which makes sure an area can function while still being diverse. In Pruitt Igoe,
Talen would ger rid of segregation immediately. She would mainly focus on bringing the people together, while making sure they are
happy regardless of their differences. In the TED Talk, Kent Larson speaks all about areas being too cluttered, and have no space at
all. He also speaks about easy mobility, and what cities can do to help the people be able to move around quickly or more efficiently.
Larson believed that cities which were easier to move around in, or were more closely compact were cities that often flourished
compared to those that were in constant traffic jams or were miles to walk to the nearest store. Therefore, if he were involved in
planning the Pruitt Igoe, Larson`s goal would be to make the area easily accessible and spacious. He`d use the modern way of
allowing people to customize their apartment, and make all the rooms "open loft chassis." This would make the areas easily
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F3hbH2DW 1

15. interchangeable, and allow for the comfort of more spacious living. The ability to change the size of the rooms, or the size of the
tables and pull out beds from the walls would make the spaces modernized, as well as be convenient living. With the apartments being
so easily changed at the convenience of the person living there, this would make for less space which allows more parking areas or
even more areas for people to live and interact with one another. This would also be ideal for Talen, because her goal is diverse
interaction.
My goal for this project would be making sure that the area is affordable for everyone. Due to the diversity and ways the spaces could
easily be made larger or smaller, I think that it is possible. Affordability and accessibility would allow people from all backgrounds to
come and live there safely, comfortablely and happily. These two factors could help to make not only a better living area, but a better
community for all involved.
https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2015/apr/22/pruitt-igoe-high-rise-urban-america-history-cities

16. Response to FL Olmsted
Displaying his plan at the 1876 Centennial Exposition in
Philadelphia, Frederick Law Olmsted stated that
"Buffalo is the best planned city, as to its streets, public
places, and grounds, in the United States, if not in the
world." What was the basis for this claim? Would
Olmsted still make that claim today? Why or why not?
The basis for this claim would be the design of the city.
Olmsted`s main goal was always to make society a better
place for everyone. He saw parks for more than what they
were, and intended on making his cities feel as though the
people weren`t even in a city. He wanted them to step out of
their home and feel like they are in a park. In the video, Buffalo was described as a “city within a park.” Each park was connected to
one another, even while walking to the other parks people would feel like they never even left a park. At this time, Buffalo was
booming so making it this unique was sure to make it even better. I feel like today, Olmsted would make the same claim. Throughout
the video, all I could think about was Elmwood village. Down some of the streets, there are still some trees or miniature park set ups,
just like ones Olmsted would probably design. He believed that greenery added peace to an area, and that stands true to Elmwood also.
The small greenery in between streets, to me adds a feeling of peace. Buffalo is also having a major breakthrough now just like back
then. Canalside is another example, this park of Buffalo today hosts many events such as free concerts and activities etc. Now I think
Olmsted would be proud to see how successful Buffalo is, though it`s not as green as it was then.
http://www.fredericklawolmsted.com/philos.html
http://www.visitbuffaloniagara.com/neigh 1

17. Response to Walter Hood`s Work
Identify something that should be memorialized either on UB's campus or in
your hometown. Imagine that you are the person who will oversee this
project, and that you are using Walter Hood's 'triad of investigations' as
your approach to the project. What would your landscape intervention
commemorate/memorialize? How will you use Hood's 'triad of
investigations' to design a new landscape intervention? What do you imagine
that the design will be? (Either written or visual descriptions are
acceptable).
My hometown of Depew, New York is a very quaint village. Throughout my
many years of living there, I have grown to see the expansion of it, and during
this expansion, it has changed a lot from when I was a kid. There was a huge patch of woods behind my friend`s house that we used to
go to all of the time, we named it “the como park woods.” Whether it was building forts back there, or taking her dog for a walk back
there we were always there. Through the years, the woods were torn down to make an apartment complex. Although it was a huge
improvement for Depew, it was sad to watch the woods where I once played get torn down. If I were to take on this project in the way
of Walter Hood, I would set aside some woods to be conserved. Though, I would continue on with the building of the apartment
complex because Depew does need more areas for people to live. This way, the woods would still be the ones I used to play in, just a
little bit smaller. The apartment buildings could use some greenery, so these would make a perfect addition. By using these woods, I
could also created a small park for children or sitting area for the elders. This would be a good area for people to come and interact as
well as an area for the kids in the apartments to go out and play. I`d name the play ground after the “como park woods” where I once
used to play back there. This way I am conserving trees, as well as the memories I once had there with my friends.
https://dirt.asla.org/2013/10/02/walter-hoods-hybrid-landscapes/
https://pixabay.com/en/forest-mixed-fore 1

18. Response to The Brookes
The abolitionist poster, the Brookes, is an iconic image that often is included in
exhibits that explore issues of race and power. It was commissioned by Thomas
Clarkson in 1788, and the Committee of the Abolition of Slavery used it to
inform and shock the public. While some consider the poster as an important
component of the abolitionist campaign, it recently “has been strongly criticized
by some individuals and groups of African heritage as providing a very limited
view of the history of the transatlantic slave trade, resistance and abolition
(Hudson 2007).” The lesson here is that how a viewer sees an image is dependent
upon his/her social, economic, and cultural position. Keeping this in mind, find
another iconic graphic that addresses racial issues and post it for others in your
group to view. (Add it to your response by clicking on the picture in the tools
section. Do not add it as an attachment that needs to be opened.) How do you
interpret the graphic? What is its meaning? Now imagine that someone from a
racial and cultural background different than your own is looking at the same
graphic. Briefly describe this person. How might s/he interpret its meaning? How
might this differ from your interpretation? What are the possible reasons for
these differences? (Consider the three assessment principles mentioned in the article to help you: a
technology of vision, an instrument of empathy, and a symbol of control.) (NOTE: Limit your response to less than 250 words.)
I chose an image from a time where laws were “separate but equal.” These were called Jim Crow laws, in the years of the 1800s. This picture best
depicts what life was like being an African American woman in this time. My interpretation of the photo would be that this is not “separate but
equal” at all. The woman is clearly not given the same rights as any white person during this time. The photo bluntly shows the separate portion of
the separate but equal. The woman is sitting behind a sign that says “for colored patrons only.” This goes to show she was not welcome to sit with
anyone else not of color on the bus. Being a woman myself, this photo is not only wrong in that aspect, but because she is clearly with a baby. If
something were to happen to the bus, the woman and baby would not be the first ones off especially because she is African American. If an
African American were to view this photo, I`m sure they would have stronger feelings of anger towards it. Being an African American women
especially, they had little to no rights. A person from African American decent might feel more emotions because their ancestors lived this.
Although today segregation might not be to this extent as it was then, many people might feel it still does exist today, this photo might bring them
back to this era of time.1
https://www.pinterest.com/nadiastoria/se 1

19. Response to Charles Davis and equityXdesgins Work
Critique either the MLK Memorial or the National Museum of African American History
and Culture using equityXdesign’s core beliefs and/or design principles. (Use the beliefs or
principles that are most relevant to your critique rather than all of them.) (NOTE: Limit
your response to less than 250 words.)
The Martin Luther King memorial best depicts the principles from equityXdesigns because its
moving equity toward action. In the simplest way of just making a sculpture of MLK, we are
showing that we honor him and what he has done for the African American people in society. In
Washington, most sculptures are ones of white presidents or events that happened to be
featuring white people. This sculpture differentiates itself from that, and goes to show that the
past struggle African Americans have went through during the Civil Rights Movement. This is
recognized and the importance of Martin Luther King Jr. is brought to our attention. The
sculpture itself is based off of quotes and pieces out of speeches that Martin Luther King Jr. had
once said, such as "out of the mountain of despair, a stone of hope." The design of the sculpture
looks like he is descending from a mountain, and the sculpture is made of stone itself. The
designers looked deeply into the history and many inspiring words which he spoke in order to
create not only just a sculpture, but one with meaning and impact. For example a quote featured
is “out of a mountain of despair, a moment of hope.” This is symolbism also with the sculpture,
because it is made of stone but it is also meant to inspire and be moving to those who are
viewing it. The sculpture stands tall within the National Mall, which is a busy place in Washington. This goes to show the sculptures
and designers wanted to take action, and put it where it would be seen and frequently visited by tourists. The size also plays a roll in
this. The sculpture stands tall among this section of the mall, making it easily visible. The sculpture is more than just Martin Luther
King standing, it has a deep meaning and effect on Washington.
https://www.nps.gov/mlkm/learn/building-the-memorial.htm
https://www.google.com/search?hl=en&site
2

20. Response to Landscape Stories Chapter
First, let’s start with your own home. Describe a place in your home (indoors and/or
outdoors) that you think of as representative of your own ethnic background and discuss
why you consider this place to be ‘ethnic’. –OR-- Describe an object in your home that you
think of as representative of your ethnic background and discuss why this object is
considered to be ‘ethnic’. (If possible, add photo/s.) Is this object or place something that
you will keep or continue when you establish your own home? Why or why not?
Now let’s move into your community. In “Landscape Stories,” the authors show how
landscape architects develop a historical narrative that sifts through and interpets the
culture and material of underrepresented groups. Think about the community where you
grew up. Describe and discuss any evidence of cultural influences on the physical
environment in your community. If possible, describe evidence of the cultural influence of
an underrepresented group. (If possible, add photo/s.) Is this cultural influence being
acknowledged or preserved from future generations? Why or why not? (Limit your
response to 250 words.)
My ethnicity is Polish, not only that but my family is also very Catholic. A way in which this is represented in my home is through a
palm. Behind a photo in our home, we have palms tucked behind it. The palms are associated with Palm Sunday and is more known to
be a religious aspect. The palms are taken from church on Palm Sunday, and are a part of the Easter celebration. This is meant to
celebrate Jesus entering Jerusalem at the time. In church, the palms are blessed and a mass is held afterwards. This would be seen as
"ethnic" because its part of the many Polish, as well as Catholic Easter traditions, though it stays in our household year round as a
representation of this.The community where I grew up was Buffalo NY. A representation of underrepresented groups would be "Grant
Street Global Voices." This is a mural painted on the wall of a building on Grant st. in downtown Buffalo. The mural is painted to
honor the children and teens from the refugee and immigrant populations in Buffalo. The mural shows photos of a little Muslim girl, a
Hispanic man, an African American and Indian woman. The mural goes to show that the people of Buffalo respect and welcome many
people of different ethnicities through the multiple colors and design also incorporated in the mural. This is acknowledging future
generations, it goes to show that anyone is welcome and it can be seen as empowering to some and give them motivation to create a
successful and free life here in New York.
http://www.sharefaith.com/guide/Christian-Holidays/what-is-palm-sunday.html
https://www.pinterest.com/eglantine0102/
1

21. Response to Article on Sports Branding
Recent controversies about sports branding focus on ethnicity. The
Washington Redskins team is just one example of the larger controversy,
but it receives the most public attention due to the name itself being defined
as derogatory or insulting in modern dictionaries, and the prominence of the
team representing the nation’s capital. Should sports team branding
designers use ethnic references (Fighting Irish, Boston Celtics, Atlanta
Braves, etc.)? Why? Why not? What are some of the complexities of this
issue? (Limit your response to 150 words.)
Growing up so close to Lancaster NY, I have witnessed their high school transition their football team name from the Redskins to the
Legends. This just goes to show that this is a highly controversial issue. In 2001, US commission on Civil Rights began to recommend
that all non-Native American schools should change their mascot name due to the fact that it is disrespectful and used in a negative
way towatds Native American people. If a high school has to go through these major changes due to a team name, so should major
league teams. The issue is complex, because some do not see an issue with the team names while most see them for what they are-
which are racial slurs as said in the reading. People not included in these ethnicities might argue that they see it as an honor for these
people to be represented as teams, but its not an honor when the name of a team is insulting to the people of that group. For example
in Lancaster NY, people argued that they`ve never used the name in a negative way, and didn`t ever use it as a slur towards these
people. In my opinion, there are plenty of other mascot names that can be used, so why should a team stick to a name that is offensive
to certain groups of people?
https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2015/03/17/the-redskins-are-no-more-at-least-in-lancaster-n-
y/?utm_term=.231c00f84b21
https://www.wallpapersafari.com/football 1

22. Response to “Visualizing Gender” Chapter
In their chapter “Communicating Gender,” Maya Ganesh and Gabi Sobliye discuss
two primary visual advocacy approaches: 1) get the idea, and 2) stories in data. Find a
new example of either of the two visual advocacy approaches to gender issues, and post
it in this thread. Cite the source.
First, identify the approach. Then explain how the designer uses the approach to
communicate a gender issue. Is the approach effective in this example? Why or why
not? How could this graphic be improved? (Limit your response to 200 words.)
The image chosen is advocating the fact that men and women do not have equal wages in
the work place. The approach that this designer uses is get the idea. The message as well as
the design on the poster is short, but to the point. By using the commonly used depictions of
men and women, the designer puts them side by side with an equal sign just in between their
heads. This gives the point that men and women are "equal where it matters" in the head.
This meaning that a women can be just as intellectual as men, and the intelligence level
should be what determines your wage, not just your gender. I feel like the approach is very
effective, the idea of the photo really gets people to think about the issue. Though the
simplicity of the photo is what might get people to think more, I think if the poster included
maybe just one fact about wage inequality it could be more effective. This way people
viewing it can have some information to back it up and make them think more deeply about the issue. It could include that gender
equality is a simple right which most workplaces for example lack. 6 out of 10 of the most poor people in the world are women, due to
unequal pay in workplaces. This could be solved if all women were seen as equal to men.
http://www.unfpa.org/gender-equality
https://www.pinterest.com/pin/5098216202 1

23. Response to Bathroom Bill
Last year, North Carolina Governor Pat McCrory signed into law
a bill that repealed local LGBT anti-discrimination laws, and
required people to use the bathroom that corresponded with the
biological gender written on their birth certificates. This prompted
massive backlash. McCrory stated, “You know, we all have to
make adjustments in life. And we’ve had the proper etiquette
situation for decades in our country, and all of a sudden through
political correctness we’re throwing away basic etiquette.” Just
this past Thursday, the North Carolina General Assembly passed a
bill to repeal the law while placing a moratorium on
nondiscrimination measures.
Should people be required to use the bathroom that corresponds with the biological gender written on their birth certificate?
State why AND state why not. In other words, to receive full credit for this question, you need to present an argument for both
sides of the issue. As a designer, how would you solve this gender dilemma? Use the SEE-IT method to respond to this
question. (Limit your response to less than 250 words.)
The transgender bathroom laws can be seen form both sides, and be very controversial. In my opinion, a transgender should be able to
use which ever bathroom they feel most comfortable in. They aren`t harming anyone, they`re just trying to use the bathroom and feel
comfortable about it. Any random man could walk into a women`s bathroom at anytime which is way more uncomfortable and
threatening. Why does the comfort of non-transgender people matter more than the comfort of a transgender person? Though they
might now biologically be a man or woman, if they feel that way then they should use whichever restroom they desire. On the flip side
of this argument, some people believe that the bathroom should be used based on your biological gender. For example, if a women
sends her daughter into the bathroom and a transgender woman is in there whom is not "technically" a woman, she might feel danger
towards her daughter. They might think this person is peeping into their daughter`s stall, or just worried that this person could sexually
harm them. Strictly for privacy and safety reasons, people argue that this side of the issue. As a designer, I could solve this dilemma
by making sure no bathroom doors have that crack in them, and the door goes all the way to the floor. This way, people cannot
complain that they don`t feel comfortable by using the same restroom as a transgender person. The biggest problem people have is
privacy, most likely due to that crack in the door which people could potentially look into. By making sure the door has no crack, and
is all the way to the floor there is no possible way someone could peep on someone else. The door gives people the privacy that they
are asking for, while still giving the transgender people the ability to share bathrooms without feeling discriminated against.
http://all-len-all.com/federal-court-tel 1

24. Photographer: Alyssa Post (both) Response to Hidden Ways
Author Steven Flusty categorized five types of disciplinary architecture that perpetuate what he calls urban spatial injustice:
1) stealthy, 2) slippery, 3) crusty, 4) prickly, and 5) jittery. Go out into the city of Buffalo, and find/photograph two
examples from the list of five. Identify what type of space you've photographed and why it might discriminate against a
specific population. List the location of where you took the photograph, and make certain that you are in at least one of the
two pictures.
The first image used is of a building in Silo City. I would describe this building as crusty. Silo City is often blocked off and hard to
access due to the gates and fences surrounding it. These block the way, therefore making it crusty. This building discriminated against
most people in the population. Due to the fact that the area is often closed off and not open to the public. This is because the area is so
old and run down it is harmful to many peoples` safety, as well as so discrete it could be a dangerous area for anyone. Though due to
its discrete area, it could be seen as stealthy as well. My second photo used is also sideways, but it is me on the back steps of the art
museum. This would be considered slippery. This space is in the back of the museum so it is not easily accessed, but it also has a
couple flights of stairs in order to get to the top part. This space could discriminate against a population of people in wheelchairs due
to the amount of stairs. The area is not easily accessible due to the many flights, as well as the fact that it`s in the back portion of the
museum so there isn`t many clear walkways.

25. Response to People Like Us
After almost two decades of public assistance, Tammy
Crabtree took herself and her family off the welfare rolls. But
her job cleaning bathrooms at a local Burger King barely paid
the bills. Crabtree wanted to do better and hopes to go to
college and become a teacher.
Imagine this scenario. You are a designer who works at the
well-known firm, iPD (Integrated Planning and Design). You
work on a team with planners, urban designers, policy
designers, architects, and social designers. You have been
tasked to develop/design a way for Tammy Crabtree and her
family (and others with situations similar to Tammy’s) to move themselves out of poverty. What will your team to do to help
Tammy and her family achieve their goals? What approach will your team take to address this difficult problem?
Poverty is a huge problem faced in America. If i were a designer in an iPD firm, I would try to fix this problem. To do so, I would do
my best to make education free for people of certain home salaries. Though this wouldn`t help Tammy, it could help her sons or other
children in the future. Though it is possible to be successful without it, many kids lack the drive to attend because they think they
cannot afford to go, or are afraid of debt in the future. They`re faced with the choice of attending college to potentially get a good job,
but be in debt, or not attend college and have an okay job with no debt. Free college would encourage kids to attend, without fear of
being unable to afford it. With a college education, many people get good paying jobs which they`re able to live off of and support
themselves and even a family. Those in high school need to realize the benefits of college, as well as realizing its better to attend than
to not attend at all.
http://www.pbs.org/newshour/making-sense/why-are-fewer-people-going-to-college/
https://www.tes.com/lessons/Ms9kT6_hzp0z 1

26. Response to Carroll Article
The development of Regent Park is phased, and there are several more phases
to the project. What actions could be taken to ensure more social integration for
the older people living in the ‘new and improved’ Regent Park?
In order to make Regent Park more social for the older people, many actions could
be taken. One action would be to get rid of a building that is just for them. They
can`t socialize with other families in the complex if they`re building is only full of
older people. Also, the building should be redesigned. Due to how tall it is, I`m sure
not many people can fit on a floor and th height makes it hard for the people to walk
around due to the use of stairs/elevators. The building should be longer, so the hallways can be longer which then leaves more room
for them with easier access. Another idea would be to put the market in the center of the park. I feel like its the best for elderly people
to get up and socialize. Most could be lonely due to no visitors, or just living alone. By being able to get up and go to a park, or even a
market they are benefitting. This way, the market and shops are at a central location making it easy for everyone to access. If the
market is far away, few older people will want to walk to it therefore they just won`t leave their rooms. But, making them get up and
walk a bit isn`t such a bad thing. Easy access, but still allowing them to get up and walk is good for them, to help them stay active
most importantly. Last, I would add a small park or playground in an area where everyone can go. Some older people enjoy being
outside, so adding in a bench or some place where they could sit outside would give them places to socialize or even meet other
families from any age group. This adds an area for socializing not only for children, but people of all ages.
https://parkviewdc.com/2011/01/02/99-uni 1

27. Response to Enriquez TED Talk
For this question, we will focus on Juan Enriquez’
Life Two civilization, which alters fundamental
aspects of the body. We are living longer than ever
before in human history. Enriquez argues that,
because of advances in bio-medical technology, the
possibility of living to 120 years of age and beyond
is quite possible for many of us in this D+D class.
Assuming that his assertion is accurate, how do you
think extended life spans will change our societies
and built environments? What new issues might
designers face because of extended life spans?
Extended life spans will result in a huge increase in population, or even overpopulation. I think that societies will begin to get more
crammed, and more developments will be built. This will result in more trees getting cut down in order to make room to build these
developments. When trees are cut down, that results in less oxygen. Not only does cutting down trees ruin our environment, but the
more people there are the more cars there are on the road as well as buildings making more of their goods. More cars and more
production means that there will be more pollution which can also harm our environment. Not only that, but more people means
growing more food. Food could be scarce, and if the pollution were to get bad enough that could also harm food supply and growth.
Not only could pollution growth harm food, but also water. Without food or water, no one can survive which could result in more
problems in the society.
Designers would face many problems due to an increase in population. Some designers could work on more environmentally friendly
cars to help reduce pollution. Also, if population increases we would need more space to put those people. Designers can come up
with apartment complexes or homes which are smaller, but can still fit a family or more people comfortably. Some designers can even
create something to help keep food supply rich, and even water clean. The job of designers would be based more on helping people to
survive and live comfortably by designing or inventions to help them do so.
http://www.everythingconnects.org/overpopulation-effects.html
http://www.futuretech.ox.ac.uk/www.futur 1

28. https://www.amazon.com/59462-Automated-T 1
Response to PPT The two most frequently mentioned models of disability are the ‘social’ and the
‘medical’ models. The medical model of disability views disability as a medical ‘problem’ that
belongs to the disabled individual. The social model of disability, in contrast, draws on the idea that
it is society that disables people, through designing everything to meet the needs of the majority of
people who are not disabled. There is a recognition within the social model that there is a great deal
that society can do to reduce, and ultimately remove, some of these disabling barriers, and that this
task is the responsibility of society, rather than the disabled person.
In the Smithsonian online exhibition, the story about the superhero hand, and Elise Roy’s TED Talk, you saw examples of ways to
engage disability that use the social model rather than the medical model. In the Disability and Design PowerPoint, you
were introduced to the concept of Universal Design (UD) (sometimes called inclusive design, design-for-all, or human-centered
design). Certainly, UD embraces the social model of disability. In this same PowerPoint, you saw positive and negative examples of
each of the seven principles of universal design.
For the Module 12 Thread 1, please select one of the seven universal design principles, and post photographs that show both a
positive and a negative example of the principle. Then address the following question: How do your examples empower or
disempower various people? Describe the specific features of the positive example and the specific features of the negative
example. Discuss ways that the positive example could be even further improved.
The universal design principal that i chose is equitable use. My examples empower people in a way. Most restaurants or stores etc,
have an automatic paper towel dispenser. Mainly for the reason of being sanitary, because the dispenser isn`t being touched at all. But,
due to the fact that it is used in most places, its empowering because people with disabilities don`t feel like they have something made
specifically to accommodate then and their needs. Everyone uses the same dispenser, and it is just overall easier for everyone. This is
a negative example of equitable use. This example of a paper towel holder is high up, along with the fact that it is self grabbing. There
is just a small slot on the bottom where you pull out the paper towel. This could be tough for anyone with a disability due to the
design of the holder, because of the small slot where the paper towels are held. For example, if an elderly person with arthritis were to
attempt to grab the towel out, they might struggle due to the small area. This is an automatic paper towel dispenser, which is also a
positive example of equitable use. In this design, the paper towel is automatically dispensed when someone puts their hand underneath
it. There is no need for pumping the side, or reaching in a small opening for the paper towel because it just comes out with the

29. presence of a hand. This makes it easier for anyone to get their paper towel, but for example someone in a wheelchair can simply
reach their hand up and get their paper towel without needing assistance it is an easy grab. I feel like there is no other way to make this
product any better, because it is all hands free and the dispenser does all of the work already.

30. Response to Survey, FIXED and Stelarc
What lessons do you think we should learn from history when thinking about
emerging enhancement technologies and reproductive technologies? What are
some of the possible consequences (both positive and negative) of being able to
design our bodies and the bodies of our children? What ethical quandaries do
these technologies pose?
An example of a time in history when enhancing technologies or reproductive
technologies were used would be Nazi Germany during the time of the holocaust. At
this time, Hitler wanted to make one similar race all of the Aryan people. The
concentration camps were set up to over work, or kill the people which were not this
race causing a mass genocide. A lesson we can learn from this is its just wrong.
America as well as other countries thrive on diversity. We all learn from one another`s cultures, and beliefs. With just one same race,
we cannot learn or develop in many ways and things would be the constant same.
A positive of being able to create and design ideal bodies for our children would be perfection. By being able to create our own
children, we are able to remove and add certain features. For example, we could make sure that our children do not have disabilities or
are extremely intelligent and even athletic. This makes for the perfect child, such as doing well in school and being active. If a disease
runs in the family such as cancer, we could remove that from our child and make sure that they live a constant healthy lifestyle.
Though perfection is a huge positive, it could also be a negative. If everyone in the world had the opportunity to create the perfect
child with intelligence, beauty, and health then there would be no diversity. For example, every single child would be the exact same.
Of course as parents you would want the very best for your child, therefore everyone would be the same amount of health, beauty and
intelligence. That sparks the question of what would then be considered a high level of intelligence if everyone is the same? Children
wouldn`t need school because they are already smart enough, as well as doctors because they are perfectly healthy.
An ethnical quandary from this form of technology would be that everyone is the exact same. Traits could be altered, and not passed
down through the family from generation to generation. Nobody would truly be themselves. By creating the parents version of their
perfect child, it could be different from the way the child was meant to grow up and live. Humans aren`t letting themselves or children
pave the way for their lives, they`re genetically creating it in order for them to live a "perfect" life. But is that life really perfect? If
everyone is the same, that would change what the definition of perfect is.
https://www.ifixit.com/Answers/View/2971 1

31. Response to Titicut Follies
The state of Massachusetts tried to ban the 1967 documentary Titicut Follies,
arguing that director Frederick Wiseman had violated the patients’ rights by not
getting written permission to film them. The case went to court, and Wiseman
argued that he had consent from their legal guardian, the institution. After a
judge ruled in favor of the state, the legal appeals carried on for several years: in
1969, Massachusetts allowed the film to be shown to doctors, lawyers, and health
care professionals; in 1991, a superior court judge ruled it could be released for
the “general public,” as privacy concerns were no longer at issue, so many years
later.
Should Wiseman have been allowed to film the residents of Bridgewater
Massachusetts Correctional Facility? Why or why not? How might this film be of
value to designers (communication designers, product, designers, architects, interior designers, planners, landscape designers,
systems designers, and/or social designers)? In other words, what might they gain from this film that they could use in their
work?
No, Wiseman should not have been allowed to film the residents of Bridgewater Massachusetts Correctional Facility. The facility is
not these peoples` "legal guardian," and if they knew about the film then they should have asked the actual people themselves or the
real legal guardians. The film wasn`t showing the facility in a good manor, as a matter of fact it showed it in an awful one. The
treatment of these people was just horrible, and it was a violation of their human rights and privacy. It showed footage of embarrassing
as well as brutal treatment of these people and horrible living conditions. It took advantage of the people, and took away their rights as
human beings. As designers, this film could be very eye opening. It exposed the living conditions that these people were living in, for
their true colors. The film showed the prison like facility that the people were forced to be kept in, and being a designer I think they
could come up with ways to improve on this. By watching the actions of the people, as well as viewing their "living" areas, they can
realize these facilities should be less like a prison and more like home. By using soothing colors, and designs rather than stone cold
walls and floors, maybe this could help the patients rather than make them feel even worse being there. They gain more knowledge
about people of mental-illness, and can come up with ways of design to help them rather than hurt them.
http://www.zipporah.com/films/22 1

32. Response to PPT, The Architecture of Autism, Public Spaces
Prelude: Wolf Wolfensberger's seminal work "The Origin and Nature of
Our Institutional Models" posited that society characterizes people with
intellectual disabilities as sub-human and burdens of charity, He argued
that this dehumanization, and the segregated institutions that result from it,
ignored the potential productive contributions that all people can make to
society. He pushed for a shift in policy and practice that recognized the
human needs of those with intellectual challenges and provided the same
basic human rights as for the rest of the population.
The Scenario: Imagine that you and your four children live in Amherst,
New York in a $650,000 home at the end of a cul-de-sac on the edge of a ten acre woods. The town has purchased a one acre lot three
houses away from yours, and plans to build a group home for ten intellectually challenged adults.
As a resident of the neighborhood, would you support or oppose this proposal and why?
You've learned additional information about the residents of the proposed group home in your neighborhood. In 2013, three of the ten
intended residents exhibited challenging behaviors including screaming, public masturbation, repetitive rocking, and echolalia (elective
incontinence). However, these behaviors have not occurred since then.
How would this change your opinion about the construction of the group home in your neighborhood?
The residents in your neighborhood voted (14-3) to reject the town of Amherst’s proposal to build a group home in the neighborhood.
Town officials agreed that the home would not be built in your neighborhood if you and your neighbors could develop a workable
alternative.
What are some possible solutions that would allow the residents of the home to be provided with “the same basic human rights as the rest
of the population”?
I personally would be okay with the group home was built. Those problems haven`t happened in quite a few years, so I feel like it
wouldn`t happen again. We have a school for the disabled right around the corner from my house, and have never had any issues with
it. Though we`ve never gotten the back story on the students like this particular situation. Some solutions that I would have for this
being built would be that all of the people be on watch at all times. This way, there is no chance that these problems can occur again,
and if they did they could be under control right away. Though I think a fence would b a good idea, I feel like fencing them in would
not be the "same basic rights as the rest of the populaton." Not everyone has a fence, and fencing them in could make the building
seem a bit prison-like. Instead of a fence, maybe some bushes lining the area to act as a fence without using a real fence. Greenery
could be relaxing and make the people feel more comfortable, and at home. Lastly, I feel like a curfew would be ideal. This way
http://www.youthvillages.org/what-we-do/ 1

33. there`s nothing that could happen at late hours of the night. Although having rules and regulations for the area seems wrong, it should
be done in order for people around to feel safe due to the past of some students.

34. Response to The Connection Between Religion and Urban Planning by David
Enwicht
In his article, David Engwicht discusses the fact that religions (of all types)
have played major roles in the development of our cities. Today, places of
worship are primary components of almost all urban centers. Author
Lorne Daniel writes “From their often active role in supporting people
who live in city centers to their iconic influence on design and use of space,
religious structures tell us a lot about our history, our current needs, and
where we might be headed in the future. This is an aspect of our urban
future that planners and urbanists should attend to.”
Identify a place of worship with which you are somewhat familiar. (If you
are not familiar with any places of worship, do a bit of research on one in
your own city or town.) Show a photograph of this religious structure.
(You may use photographs from the web.) What roles has this place
served in the development of your city/town? How has it influenced the design of the area around it? How has its role changed
over time? What roles could this place of worship play in the future development of your city/town?
This photo is the school of the Catholic church St. Martha`s in my hometown of Depew, NY. This is one of the major churches in the
area where many people go. A couple of years back, the church was Our Lady of the Blessed Sacrament, but it merged with another
Catholic church in the area that was closing, St. Barnabas. Together they changed the name to St. Marthas. To me, the merging of the
two was serving as development in the town, because it brought two parishes together and gave those from St. Barnabas somewhere to
go rather than changing their church completely. This church also holds a lawn fete every year over the summer filled with rides,
games a food etc. I think this helpes the development of Depew also, because it`s an annual event that most people from the area look
forward too, and it brings people together in the town. The church influenced the design of the area, because it has a very home-like
feel to it. The area that its in is quaint, and like a typical neighborhood and the church fits that. It isn`t too old style church looking,
and the school connected to it makes the area seem family-oriented. It opened its doors to another parish, which allowed the design of
the old one to change into a home for the disabled. Thats also how its role has changed, St. Martha`s grew from being a small church,
to expanding to be able to accommodate those from the other church. This church also has a Catholic school connected to it, therefore
http://school.olbsdepew.org/AboutUs/Abou 1

35. the school probably grew as well. This place of worship could continue to grow in the future, and maybe hold more events which
brings the community together.

36. Response to Prospects for the Future of Diversity and Design
Consider the quote in your syllabus from educator Michael J. Shannon: “Design,
as vision in action--the intersection of understanding and creation--is a universal
human capability that can play a fundamental role in social evolution, in the process
that transforms resources, energy, and information to make our
world.”
At the beginning of this course, we discussed the idea that we are all designers
regardless of our profession or field of study. We’ve asked some big questions
along the way, and the conclusion section of our textbook raises additional issues
that require input from people who might not consider themselves to be part of
the formalized design professions.
Think about your own major and/or future profession. What is the biggest
challenge, problem, or question that your field needs to tackle right now? What
do you plan to do to address this challenge, problem, or question either as part of your studies or professional life?
I am currently in my freshman year at UB, and plan on applying for the Occupational Therapy program. I feel like a common question
that this field always has is how they can help people in more efficient ways, or even at all. Sometimes, it is not possible to fully help
someone no matter how successful the surgery etc. As a part of my studies I would like to look more closely into situations like this.
Not only as an OT student, but also as a design student. After taking this class, the disability chapter stuck out to me. The designs that
we use simply every day, could still be a struggle for some. Therefore, as an OT student or even in my professional life, I think
looking into ways to improve these items for everyone and recreating pre-existing tools to help these people could be a huge help.
Designing or improving on certain objects could possibly help to solve this issue, and make tasks easier for everyone. Although some
might be helpful, there`s always room for improvement with them. As an OT, I feel like anything to help would be ideal. My goal is to
help people in the most simple and efficient way possible.
http://www.ecmc.edu/health-services-and- 1