computer Systems & Memory .pptx

This week
Road Map
Do Now
1
Starter
Activity
2
Computer
Systems
3
4
5
Memory
Exit
Ticket

Classroom Rules
We want our classroom to be a happy, fun and
safe place.

Success
Criteria
Learning
Objective
1
Explore how
computer systems
are built.
1
Define embedded
systems and give
example.
2
Explain the
importance of
memory in computer
systems.
2
Outline different
types of memory.

Keywords
Computer
Systems
Memory Microcontrollers
Memory is where
the computer
stores or
remembers data
A microcontroller
is a computer chip
that is used instead
of a CPU. It
contains a
processor,
memory, as well as
as inputs/outputs.

In this unit you will learn about computer components
types and you identify some components and explain
how they are used
You will learn about computer programming and how
it works using computer processing. You will learn
about programming software you will create a simple
program for microcontroller using graphical
programming software.

IT Title: computer Systems Objective: Starter Activity Success Criteria: Students be able to
know the keywords
2
min
https://wordwall.net/resource/60693402/u
ntitled2
Starter
Sunday, October 15, 2023

This week
Road Map
Do Now
1
Starter
Activity
2
computer
Systems
3
4
5
Memory
Exit
Ticket

https://youtu.be/HB4I2CgkcCo?si=R1fHkfiX61XglXx-

computer systems and how they are built
a computer system is a combination of hardware and software
working together to solve a problem.

computer systems are made up of three important components.
They are hardware, software, and a real time operating system.
Components of computer systems

Hardware :
There are a range of hardware components found in an embedded
system. These include:
Computer system hardware
components
CPU/
Microcontroller

Activity 3: https://www.mauthor.com/present/6539032091295744
Mariam and Sultan are
trying to separate
components into a
hardware or software
category.
Help them to complete
the activity below by
matching the component
with either hardware or
software.

What is a CPU?
The CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the 'brain' of a computer. Analogize it to
the human brain - the decision-maker and controller.
Why is it Called 'Central’?
Explain that it's called 'Central' because it's at the core of the computer, where
most processing happens.
Inside the CPU:
Illustrate the internal components:
● Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
● Control Unit (CU)
● Registers
● Memory
CPU

01
02
03
04
05
Explain the CPU's primary
function:
Fetch: Get instructions from
memory.
Decode: Interpret the instructions.
Execute: Perform calculations or
operations.
How Does a CPU Work?
Store: Save results back in
memory.
CPU

Each hardware component has its own use within the computer
system. Here’s how each one is used.
Power supply
For a computer system to work
properly, it needs a smooth power
supply. A wall adapter or a battery
can both be used as a power supply.
Microcontroller
An computer system either has
a microcontroller or a
microprocessor. It is the main
brain inside an computer
system.

A microcontroller is a computer chip that is used instead of a CPU.
It contains a processor, memory, as well as inputs/outputs.
Products such as mobile phones, TV’s and washing machines all use
microcontrollers.
Some examples of educational microcontrollers include:
Microcontrollers

Each hardware component has its own use within the embedded
Memory
Memory is key for storing
important information in the
computer system. There are two
types of memory – RAM (random
access memory) and ROM (Read-
only-memory)..

Each hardware component has its own use within the embedded
Communication port
There are a few different
communication ports that can be
used to create communication with
other computer systems. An example
is a USB.
Output / Input
To interact with the embedded
systems, we need input. The input
can be provided by the user or by
sensors.

Activity 4: https://wordwall.net/resource/60696355
Mariam and
Sultan are
learning about
embedded
system. Mariam
wants to test
Sultan’s
knowledge on
what he’s
learnt. Help
Sultan to
complete the
activity below
by matching the
name with the
definition.
Component Definition
Microcontroller Used to create communication with other embedded systems.
Input/output A wall adapter or a battery
Memory
To interact with the embedded system. Can be provided by the user
or by sensors.
Power supply The main brain inside an embedded system.
Communication port Used for storing important information in the embedded system.

This week
Road Map
Do Now
1
Starter
Activity
2
Embedded
Systems
3
4
5
Memory
Exit
Ticket

https://youtu.be/W_xAsLPFYwA?si=gowRNSss7LmT0xBl

Memory is where the computer stores or remembers
data.
There are two types of memory in a computer. Both
have an important role in helping the computer to run.
They are further broken down into sub-categories.
These are:
 Primary storage
o RAM
o ROM
 Secondary storage
o HDD
o SSD
o USB flash drive
Memory:

Activity 5:
https://www.mauthor.com/embed/5612803041394688
Mariam and Sultan are learning about memory.
Help them to complete the activity below by matching the
memory type with the storage.
Computer memory
memory
Types of storage
Primary storage
SSD
ROM
Secondary storage
USB flash drive
HDD
RAM

Primary storage is the part of the computer that holds data,
programs and instructions that are currently in use. It is also
the main memory. It is internal which means it is fixed inside
computer. It is found in the memory slot on the computer
motherboard. There are two types of primary storage; Random-
Access-Memory, also known as RAM and Read-Only-Memory,
also known as ROM.
Primary
Storage:

RAM
RAM is the main place that data and instructions are stored when a
is being used. When a program such as the internet is open, it loads
Hard Disk Drive and then placed into RAM. This lets the program
communicate with the processor at high speeds. RAM is known as
access memory’ because data can be written and read quickly in any
order. The more RAM you have, the quicker your computer will be.
because it will be able to do more things at the same time. It is
volatile memory. This means that data is lost when the computer is
switched off because it needs power to hold information.

ROM
ROM is used to store the start-up instructions for the computer
which is also known as firmware. ROM also performs large
input/output tasks and protects programs or software
instructions.
ROM is a lot slower than RAM.
It is known as non-volatile memory. This means that data is
not lost when the computer is switched off, and it does not
need power to hold information - it is stored permanently in
the computer.

RAM vs ROM
RAM and ROM are both forms
of primary storage. As you
can see, they each play their
own roles in the functioning
of a computer. Below are the
main differences between
RAM and ROM.

Activity 6: https://www.mauthor.com/embed/6649361211195392
Mariam and Sultan are learning about primary memory. Help them to
complete the activity below by choosing whether the statements below are
true or false.
Statement True/false
Primary storage is also known as the ‘main memory’
RAM stands for ‘Read-Access-Memory’
Programs and documents load from the Hard Disk Drive and
are then placed into RAM
Data is written and read slowly in RAM
RAM is volatile memory. This means that data is lost when
the computer is switched off
ROM is used to store the start-up instructions for the
computer
ROM is quicker than RAM
ROM is known as non-volatile memory.
This means that it is not lost when the computer is switched
off
True
False
True
False
True
True
False
True

3
min
HOT Question
Imagine you're designing a computer game.
How would the amount of RAM in a computer affect the
gameplay experience?
What considerations should you keep in mind when deciding how
much RAM your game requires?

Secondary storage is a type of memory known as external memory or
back-up. It is slower than the main, primary memory of the computer.
the ROM, it is non-volatile. These types of storage are used for storing
data/information permanently. The CPU cannot directly access the files in
memories. They are first transferred from the primary memory to the
memory.
Secondary
Storage:

computer Systems & Memory .pptx

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