1. Denotation &
Connotation
How...? What...? When...? Where...?
Which…? Who...? Why...?

2. Denotation
Denotation is...
- The basic, literal or surface meaning.
- It is the first thing that we see or understand
within a media text.
Connotation is...
- The hidden or deeper meaning of a media text, or
something that the text may suggest.
- It is the message or meaning that goes beyond
the denotation.

5. Young Farmers On Their Way To
A Dance, by August Sander,
1914.

6. The Link with Semiotics
Semiotics...
- Semiotics is the study of signs and symbols.
- These signs and symbols will always have
denotations and connotations because they are
codes.
- Remember that the meaning of a sign is
determined by the reader’s culture, background or
life experience.
- Signs are not fixed, but always polysemic (having
several meanings and associations).

8. Juxtaposition
A juxtaposition is...
- The placing together of two or more things in order
to emphasize the contrast between them.
OR…
- The placing together of two or more things in order
to make a comparative link between them.

10. Web Pages
Semiotics for Beginners
http://www.aber.ac.uk/media/Documents/S4B/
sem06.html
An Introduction to Denotation and Connotation
http://classweb.gmu.edu/bhawk/101/semiotics/
decon.html